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76-529: Pierre Culliford ( French: [kylifɔʁd] ; 25 June 1928 – 24 December 1992) was a Belgian comics writer and artist who worked under the pseudonym Peyo ( [pejo] ). His best-known works are the comic book series The Smurfs and Johan and Peewit , the latter in which the Smurfs made their first appearance. Culliford was born in 1928 in the Belgian municipality Schaerbeek , Belgium. He

152-571: A black-and-white 87-minute animated film called Les Aventures des Schtroumpfs was released in theatres in Belgium. It consisted of five short cartoons made in the previous years for broadcasting on Walloon TV. German copies and copies with Dutch subtitles are known to exist. The stories were based on existing Smurf stories like The Black Smurfs and The Smurfs and the Egg , and were created by writer Maurice Rosy and artist Eddy Ryssack from

228-497: A heart attack in Brussels on Christmas Eve 1992, at the age of 64. His studio still exists, and new stories for various series are regularly produced under his name. Since his death, Peyo's children have continued to promote his work under the brand "Peyo". In the 2011 film The Smurfs , Peyo was included in the plot as a researcher who studied the myths concerning the Smurfs, who were made to be real-life legendary creatures in

304-552: A slipper which due to the series' success in Israel has now gone completely out of use in its original sense. Worldwide, there are about 55 translations of the word Schtroumpf , including The storylines tend to be simple tales of bold adventure. The cast has a simple structure as well: almost all the characters look essentially alike—mostly male (a few female Smurfs have appeared: Smurfette , Sassette, and Nanny Smurf), short ("three apples high"), with blue skin, white trousers with

380-514: A 9-disc 50th Anniversary Collection, containing a total of 52 episodes. In September 2009, a Smurfette-themed collection containing 25 episodes was made available followed by the "Papa Smurf Collection" in December 2009 containing 26 themed episodes. In July 2010, both the Smurfette and Papa Smurf Collection were included in a special 'Favourites Collection'. Also releasing at the same time was

456-411: A boy would be sent to the castle, great house or other estate of another noble family. This would match the age at which apprenticeships or servants' employment would be entered into by young males from lower social classes. A young boy served as a page for about seven years, running messages, serving, cleaning clothing and weapons, and learning the basics of combat. He might be required to arm or dress

532-435: A castle was under attack and crossbows were available for use by pages among the defenders. The mechanical and long-range nature of these devices made them almost the only medieval weapon which could be employed effectively by a youth. At age fourteen, the young noble could graduate to become a squire , and by age 21, perhaps a knight himself. These boys were often the scions of other great families who were sent to learn

608-598: A comic and expanded into advertising, films, TV series, ice capades , video games, theme parks, and toys. By 2008, the franchise had generated $ 4 billion in revenue, making The Smurfs one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time . At the time he came up with the idea for the Smurfs, Peyo was the creator, artist, and writer of the Franco-Belgian comics series titled Johan et Pirlouit (translated to English as Johan and Peewit ), set in Europe during

684-517: A couple in New York who help the Smurfs get back to their village. It was suggested that Quentin Tarantino would play Brainy Smurf, but this "didn't work out" so Fred Armisen voices Brainy instead. A CGI/traditionally animated mini-film, titled The Smurfs: A Christmas Carol , was released on December 2, 2011, on The Smurfs DVD and Blu-ray. A sequel to The Smurfs , titled The Smurfs 2 ,

760-517: A decade of success, NBC cancelled it due to decreasing ratings and plans to extend their Today morning show franchise to create a Saturday edition , although they did not do so until 1992 , two years later. The decreased ratings were the result of the network changing the format of the show, resulting in the final season featuring regular time travel with only a few Smurfs. In the TV series, many classical masterpieces are used as background music during

836-572: A fictional colony of small, blue, humanoid creatures who live in mushroom -shaped houses in the forest. The Smurfs was created and introduced as a series of comic characters by the Belgian comics artist Peyo (the pen name of Pierre Culliford) in 1958, wherein they were known as Les Schtroumpfs . There are more than 100 Smurf characters, and their names are based on adjectives that emphasise their characteristics, such as "Jokey Smurf", who likes to play practical jokes on his fellow Smurfs. "Smurfette"

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912-412: A hole for their short tails, white hat in the style of a Phrygian cap , and sometimes some additional accessory that identifies a personality (for example, "Handy Smurf" wears overalls instead of the standard trousers, a brimmed hat, and a pencil above his ear). Smurfs can walk and run, but often move by skipping on both feet. They love to eat sarsaparilla (a species of Smilax ) leaves, whose berries

988-475: A level of modest competence under the tuition of a chaplain or other cleric, and possibly from a grammar master. They also learned courtly manners and, in attending to the needs of their master, a degree of temporary humility. Medieval pages might accompany their lords to war. While their roles in battle were generally limited to secondary assistance and minor support functions, pages might expect to participate directly in siege situations. This could occur when

1064-463: A magic flute, which required some sorcery by the wizard Homnibus. In this manner, they met a tiny, blue-skinned humanoid in white clothing called a "Schtroumpf", followed by his numerous peers who looked just like him, with an elderly leader who wore red clothing and had a white beard. Their first full appearance was published in Spirou on October 23, 1958. The characters proved to be a huge success, and

1140-428: A number of talented comics artists started to work. Peyo himself supervised the work and worked primarily on Johan and Peewit , leaving the Smurfs to the studio. The most notable artists to come out of this studio were Walthéry , Marc Wasterlain  [ fr ] , Roland Goossens  [ nl ] (Gos), Derib , Lucien De Gieter  [ nl ] , and Daniel Desorgher  [ nl ] . In 1959,

1216-589: A pint-sized steel coaster, " The Blue Streak ". Carowinds had an artificial island that was named Smurf Island that had a Smurf village—including toadstool houses which could be entered. Hanna–Barbera Land had a Smurf district. In 1989, in the French region of Lorraine, the Sorépark group opened a complete Smurfpark, named Big Bang Schtroumpf . In 1991, the park was bought by the successful Belgian Walibi Group and renamed Walibi Schtroumpf with new attractions. After

1292-581: A studio to accommodate his assistants such as François Walthéry , Gos, and Marc Wasterlain  [ fr ] and created the series Steven Strong and Jacky and Célestin  [ fr ] . Peyo's output diminished in the 1970s, at first due to the time he invested in The Smurfs and the Magic Flute (1976), a film adaptation of the Johan and Peewit story "La flûte à six schtroumpfs"; in

1368-482: A year. Over 300 million of them have been sold so far. Other Smurf figurines have been created for advertising purposes, e.g. worldwide for McDonald's and Kinder Surprise , or nationally for e.g. Albert Heijn in the Netherlands, and Delhaize in Belgium. Special Smurf comics were often created for advertising campaigns. This started in the 1960s for Kwatta and Kellogg's , and later for companies like BP in

1444-579: Is almost impossible for an outsider to find the Smurf village except when led by a Smurf. Papa Smurf is the leader of the community. Other Smurfs are generally named in reference to their main personality trait; for example, Brainy, Greedy, Vanity, Lazy, Clumsy, Hefty, Jokey, Dreamy, Grouchy; or their profession; for example, Poet, Actor, Handy, Harmony, Farmer, Clockwork, Painter, Tailor, Miner, Architect, Reporter, Timber, Barber and Doctor Smurf; much like Disney's Seven Dwarfs . The first female Smurf, Smurfette,

1520-580: Is often used as a symbolic attendant to carry the rings. The origin of the term is uncertain, but it may come either from the Latin pagius (servant), possibly linked to peasant , or an earlier Greek word παῖς ( pais = child). In medieval times , a page was an attendant to a nobleman, a knight , a governor or a castellan . Until the age of about seven, sons of noble families would receive training in manners and basic literacy from their mothers or other female relatives. Upon reaching seven years of age,

1596-529: Is pronounced like the German word " Strumpf " meaning "sock". However, according to Peyo, the original author of the Smurfs comic strip, the term and the accompanying language of the Smurfs came during a meal he had with his colleague and friend André Franquin at the Belgian coast. Having momentarily forgotten the word "salt", Peyo asked him (in French) to pass the schtroumpf . Franquin jokingly replied, "Here's

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1672-504: Is the single The Smurf Song and its accompanying album, created by Dutch musician Pierre Kartner who sang under the alias Father Abraham, which reached the #1 position in 16 countries. Worldwide, more than 10 million CDs with Smurf music have been sold between 2005 and 2007 alone. In 1989, I.M.P.S and R-Tek Music, International created Smurfin!: Tenth Anniversary Commemorative Album , released by Quality Special Products in Canada and

1748-473: The Johan et Pirlouit stories, the Smurf village is made up of mushroom-like houses of different shapes and sizes in a desolate and rocky land with just a few trees. However, in the Smurf series itself, the mushroom-like houses are more similar to one another and are located in a clearing in the middle of a deep forest with grass, a river, and vegetation. Humans such as Gargamel are shown to live nearby, though it

1824-562: The Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts in Brussels, at the Compagnie belge d'actualités  [ fr ] (CBA), a small Belgian animation studio, where he met a few of his future colleagues and co-celebrities, like André Franquin , Morris , and Eddy Paape . When the studio folded after the war, the other artists went to work for Dupuis , but Peyo, a few years younger than the others, was not accepted. He made his first comics for

1900-532: The Middle Ages and including elements of sword-and-sorcery . Johan serves as a brave young page to the king , and Peewit (called Pirlouit (pronounced Peer-loo-ee) in the original French version) functions as his faithful, if boastful and cheating, midget sidekick . In 1958, Spirou magazine started the prepublication of the new Johan et Pirlouit comic book La Flûte à six trous ("The Flute with Six Holes"). The adventure involved their recovery of

1976-660: The Renaissance , it became fashionable for black boys and young men to be decorative pages, placed into fancy costumes and attending fashionable ladies and lords. This custom lasted for several centuries and the "African page" became a staple accoutrement of baroque and rococo style. The character is frequently illustrated in literature and film, particularly periodwork : Similarly, Oriental pages were periodically in fashion, e.g. in Napoleonic France since Bonaparte 's conquest of Ottoman Egypt . While

2052-683: The Schtroumpf —when you are done schtroumpfing , schtroumpf it back..." and the two spent the rest of that weekend speaking in " schtroumpf language". Both the comics and cartoons have been translated in many languages. In most cases, the original name "Schtroumpf" is replaced by a new term. The most common are variations of the Dutch translation "Smurf", which is also used as the name in English. However, other names are indicative of their gnome-like appearance. In English, they were briefly named

2128-628: The 1980s as well. Also Libby's and Heinz came out with Smurf-A-Getti canned pasta for the American and Canadian market. The Smurfs had a commercial in the 1980s for the Mexican snack cake company Marinela Submarinos with a rare version of Smurfette ( Pitufina ) dressed in a red dress and her hair done in pigtails. Over the decades, many singles and albums of Smurf music have been released in different countries and languages, sometimes very successfully, with millions of copies sold. The best known

2204-453: The 1980s, he put in more time, despite recurring health problems, into an American adaptation of The Smurfs as an animated television series . After the series concluded, he left his publisher Dupuis to found his own publishing house, Cartoon Creation, and a cartoon magazine, Schtroumpf! , which soon folded due to management problems. He joined Le Lombard in 1992 but died a few months later. Peyo began work, fresh from his coursework at

2280-585: The 25-second episode was shown on the national television after the 9 p.m. timeslot to avoid children having to see it. It was the keystone in a fund-raising campaign by UNICEF's Belgian arm to raise money for the rehabilitation of former child soldiers in Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo —both former Belgian colonies. Page (servant) During wedding ceremonies, a page boy

2356-544: The Ox of Patufet and was inspired by the word Patufet. From the Catalan Patufet he derived the non-existent word Pitufo. (Catalans themselves use the term Barrufet , formerly used to mean goblin or gnome , to avoid confusion with their own Patufet.) The name later spread to most Spanish-language versions of the cartoon. In Hebrew , the name chosen was "Dardasim" (דרדסים), originally an old-fashioned Hebrew term for

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2432-571: The Pooh and Tigger , Garfield , Alvin and the Chipmunks , the Muppet Babies ( Kermit , Piggy and Gonzo respectively), Slimer (from The Real Ghostbusters ), ALF , and Michelangelo (from Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles ). Smurfette appeared on the promotional poster, but never appeared in the actual film. From 1959 until the end of the 1960s, Dupuis produced Smurf figurines. But

2508-491: The River Smurf today". When used as a verb, "to smurf" typically means "to make", "to be", "to like", or "to do". Humans have found that replacing ordinary words with the term "smurf" at random is not enough: in one adventure, Peewit explains to some other humans that the statement "I'm smurfing to the smurf" means "I'm going to the wood", but a Smurf corrects him by saying that the proper statement would be "I'm smurfing to

2584-480: The Smurfs got their own series , and in 1960, two more began: Steven Strong and Jacky and Célestin . Many authors of the Marcinelle school collaborated on the writing, or on the artwork, including Willy Maltaite (aka 'Will'), Yvan Delporte , and Roger Leloup . Peyo became more of a businessman and supervisor and was less involved in the actual creation of the comics. He let his son, Thierry Culliford, lead

2660-477: The Smurfs lived in a part of the world called "Le Pays Maudit" (French for "the Cursed Land"). To reach it required magic or travelling through dense forests , deep marshes , a scorching desert and a high mountain range . The Smurfs themselves use storks in order to travel long distances, such as to the kingdom where Johan and Pirlouit live, and keep up-to-date with events in the outside world. In

2736-513: The Smurfs naturally call "smurfberries". The smurfberries appear only in the cartoon; in the original comics, the Smurfs only eat the leaves from the sarsaparilla. The Smurfs fulfill simple archetypes of everyday people: "Lazy Smurf", "Grouchy Smurf", "Brainy Smurf", and so on. All Smurfs, with the exception of Papa, Baby, Smurfette, Nanny and Grandpa, are said to be 100 years old. There were originally 99 Smurfs, but this number increased as new Smurf characters appeared, such as Sassette and Nanny. All of

2812-491: The Smurfs were the children's act in the Ice Capades travelling ice show. After they were retired from that function, the Smurf suits from the show were issued to Ice Capades Chalets, the show's subsidiary chain of ice rinks , lasting until the show was sold to a group of investors led by Dorothy Hamill . The Chalets were sold to Recreation World. The Smurfette suit in particular had a somewhat different hairstyle from what

2888-644: The Smurfs' first feature film (produced in 1975), The Smurfs and the Magic Flute , available for the first time on DVD, in Australia. On November 3, 2010, two "Just Smurfy" collections were released, each featuring episodes not yet released on DVD to the Australian market. December 3, 2010 saw the 3rd collection hit the market. A fourth Just Smurfy set was planned for release on March 2, 2011. Magna Home Entertainment in Australia have released Season 1 and Season 2 on August 24, 2011. Season 3 and Season 4

2964-663: The UK and Australia, or Benco (a Dutch chocolate drink). These comics were often only part of a larger campaign, e.g. the Benco comics were accompanied by a TV ad. A Smurf balloon/float/ Falloon (which is half float, half balloon) continues to be presented in holiday parades such as Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade . Smurfs had two cereals in the 1980s made by Post Cereals : Smurf-Berry Crunch cereal and Smurfs Magic Berries. Both had animated commercials on Saturday morning. Two Smurfs pastas, made by Chef Boyardee and DelVerde , were made in

3040-649: The USA network until 1993, and on Cartoon Network until 2003. The Smurfs is still broadcast on the Boomerang channel throughout the United States. The show became a major success for NBC, spawning spin-off television specials on an almost yearly basis. The Smurfs was nominated multiple times for Daytime Emmy awards, and won Outstanding Children's Entertainment Series in 1982–1983. The Smurfs television show enjoyed continued success until 1990, when, after nearly

3116-469: The United States and Dino Music in Australia. It was also released in parts of Europe. The Album came out on LP, CD and cassette. The LP featured 20 tracks (The Canadian CD and cassette had 16, the American CD had 10). The songs were covers of popular songs like " Surfin' U.S.A. ", " Kokomo ", " The Lion Sleeps Tonight ", and " I Think We're Alone Now ", as well as two original songs. For several years,

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3192-487: The United States, where Hanna-Barbera created a Saturday morning animated series in 1981 for which Peyo served as story supervisor. Peyo's health began to fail. In 1989, after his partnership with Dupuis ended, he established Cartoon Creation to publish new Smurf stories. In late 1991, the company was forced to shut down due to mismanagement. The publishing rights were soon sold to Le Lombard. In 1952, Culliford married Nine Culliford . They had two children. Peyo died of

3268-485: The United States. On February 26, 2008, Warner Home Video released Season 1 Volume 1 on DVD , containing the first 19 episodes. On October 7, 2008, Warner Bros. released Season 1 Volume 2 on DVD, containing the remaining 20 episodes from season 1. Though Warner Bros. has decided to discontinue the season sets and release single-disc volume sets instead, they are reportedly still following the correct order of episodes. Magna Home Entertainment in Australia has released

3344-591: The Walibi Group was acquired by Six Flags , the park was named Walibi Lorraine, and all the Smurfs references in the park were removed in 2003. Comics Station, Ankara Amusement Park, Motiongate Dubai , Movie Animation Park Studios , and Dream Island feature Smurf sections. The Smurfs have appeared in video games made for most major game consoles (including Nintendo's NES , Super NES , and Game Boy systems, Atari 2600 , ColecoVision , Sega's Game Gear , Master System , Mega Drive and Mega CD systems, and

3420-497: The animated series became popular there) in an English language dubbed version titled The Smurfs and the Magic Flute . A few more full-length Smurf films were made, most notably The Baby Smurf and Here are the Smurfs . created from episodes of the Hanna-Barbera television cartoon series. Sony Pictures announced plans to begin a trilogy of live-action/animated Smurf films, with the first film released on July 29, 2011;

3496-411: The beginning of the 1950s, he brought his character Johan to the magazine Spirou , whom he soon gave a companion, the diminutive Peewit; the strip soon became a staple of the weeklies. Peyo introduced the Smurfs in the Johan and Peewit storyline The Magic Flute in 1958; the characters quickly supplanted Johan and Peewit in popularity and left them behind for their own series. In 1960, Peyo founded

3572-449: The best known and most widely available Smurf figurines are those made by Schleich , a German toy company. Most of the Smurf figurines given away as promotional material (e.g. by National Garages in the 1970s and McDonald's in the 1990s) are also made by Schleich. New Smurf figures continue to appear; in fact, only in two years since 1969 (1991 and 1998) have no new Smurfs entered the market. Schleich currently produces 8 to 12 new figurines

3648-561: The broad designation of quistroun with various lower-status kitchen servants such as scullions or knaves. Until the early 20th century, boys of humble background might gain a similar place in a great house. According to the International Butler Academy , these pages were apprentice footmen . Unlike the hall boys , who did heavy work, these pages performed light odd-jobs and stood in attendance wearing livery when guests were being received. During and following

3724-419: The episodes, among them Franz Schubert 's Unfinished Symphony (Symphony No. 8 in B minor), Edvard Grieg 's Peer Gynt and Modest Mussorgsky 's Pictures at an Exhibition . The Smurfs was named the 97th best animated series by IGN . It has been called "kiddie cocaine" for people growing up during the 1980s. On August 31, 2017, it was announced that IMPS and Dupuis Audiovisuel would be working on

3800-428: The film's storyline. Only those comics Peyo collaborated on are listed here: the comics made in those series after his death can be found in the articles for each series. Artist and writers mentioned are only those officially credited: unnamed studio collaborators are not listed here. The Smurfs The Smurfs ( French : Les Schtroumpfs ; Dutch : De Smurfen ) is a Belgian comic franchise centered on

3876-572: The first appearance of the Smurfs in Johan et Pirlouit in 1958, more than 40 Smurf comics volumes have been created, 16 of them by Peyo, the others by his studio. Originally, the Smurf stories appeared in Spirou magazine with reprints in many different magazines, but after Peyo left the publisher Dupuis , many comics were first published in dedicated Smurf magazines, which existed in French, Dutch, German and Turkish. A number of short stories and one page gags have been collected into comic books next to

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3952-610: The first independent Smurf stories appeared in Spirou in 1959, together with the first merchandising. The Smurfs shared more adventures with Johan and Pirlouit, got their own series and all subsequent publications of the original story were retitled La Flûte à six Schtroumpfs (also the title of the movie version of the story ). With the commercial success of the Smurfs came the merchandising empire of Smurf miniatures, models, games, and toys. Entire collecting clubs have devoted themselves to collecting PVC Smurfs and Smurf merchandise. Schtroumpf ( IPA [ʃtʁumf] )

4028-513: The goblins in the book Dilly Duckling and the Goblins (1973) before being renamed the Smurfs . In Spanish, they are called Pitufos , a term invented by Miguel Agustí who was the head of the Spanish magazine Strong , which first published the cartoon in Spanish. According to Agustí, he was walking around Barcelona while trying to come up a name for the cartoon. He came across a sculpture of

4104-405: The lord to whom he had been sent by his own family. Personal service of this nature was not considered as demeaning, in the context of shared noble status by page and lord. It was seen rather as a form of education in return for labour. While a page did not receive reimbursement other than clothing, accommodation and food, he could be rewarded for an exceptional act of service. In return for his work,

4180-628: The movie was pushed back to February 14, 2025, with Sonic the Hedgehog 3 taking its previous release date. The Smurfs secured their place in North American pop culture in 1981, when the Saturday morning cartoon series The Smurfs , produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions in association with SEPP International S.à.r.l., aired on NBC from September 12, 1981, to December 2, 1989 (reruns until August 25, 1990). The show continued to air on

4256-415: The new Smurfs TV series with CGI animation. The series was scheduled for 2020 but postponed to 2021. It is co produced by Ketnet (Flanders), TF1 (France), KiKa (Germany), OUFTIVI (Wallonia), Peyo Productions, and Dupuis Audiovisuel (the TV branch of the comics publisher). It shows new stories, not adaptations of comics or other older stories. Nickelodeon picked up the series for a 2021 release in

4332-540: The newspaper La Dernière Heure (The Latest Hour), but also accepted many promotional drawing jobs for income. From 1949 to 1952, he drew Poussy , a gag-a-day comic about a cat, for Le Soir . For the same newspaper, he also created Johan . In 1952, Franquin introduced Peyo to Spirou , a children's Franco-Belgian comics magazine published by Dupuis . Peyo wrote and drew a number of characters and storylines, including Pierrot , and Benoît Brisefer (translated into English as Steven Strong ). But his favourite

4408-485: The original Smurfs were male; later female additions are Smurfette and Sassette. Smurfette was Gargamel's creation, while Sassette was created by the Smurflings. A characteristic of the Smurf language is the frequent use of the undefinable word "smurf" and its derivatives in a variety of meanings. The Smurfs frequently replace both nouns and verbs in everyday speech with the word "smurf": "We're going smurfing on

4484-460: The original Sony PlayStation ) and for the PC. In 2010, the Smurfs expanded into the world of apps for Android, the iPad, iPhone, and iPod Touch with the game Smurf Village . In 2005, an advertisement featuring The Smurfs was aired in Belgium in which the Smurf village is annihilated by warplanes. Designed as a UNICEF advertisement, and with the approval of the family of the Smurfs' late creator Peyo,

4560-411: The page would receive training in horse-riding, hunting, hawking and combat – the essential skills required of adult men of his rank in medieval society. Less physical training included schooling in the playing of musical instruments, the composition and singing of songs, and the learning of board games such as chess. The initial education received as a child in reading and writing would be continued to

4636-742: The project had been in various stages of development since 2003. In June 2008, it was announced that Columbia Pictures and Sony Pictures Animation had acquired film rights from Lafig Belgium. Jordan Kerner produced the film, with the screenwriters including Shrek 2 and Shrek the Third screenwriters J. David Stem and David N. Weiss . The film stars Jonathan Winters as Papa Smurf, Katy Perry as Smurfette, George Lopez as Grouchy Smurf, Gary Basaraba as Hefty Smurf, John Oliver as Vanity Smurf, Alan Cumming as Gutsy Smurf, Paul Reubens as Jokey Smurf, Hank Azaria as Gargamel, Neil Patrick Harris as Patrick Winslow and Jayma Mays as Grace Winslow,

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4712-479: The regular series. English translations have been published in the U.S. by the graphic novel publisher Papercutz as well as a mini series published by Marvel Comics in the mid-1980s. Peyo's drawing style is similar to his fellow cartoonists from the Marcinelle school . The emphasis is on movement, enhanced by the use of Indian ink , with comic aspects regularly appearing. This style was approached by his successors, although there are also differences. In 1965,

4788-403: The small Dupuis animation studios. In total, ten animated shorts were created between 1961 and 1967, the first series in black and white and the later ones in colour. In 1976, La Flûte à six schtroumpfs (an adaptation of the original "Johan et Pirlouit" story) was released. Michel Legrand provided the musical score to the film. The film would be released in the United States in 1983 (after

4864-531: The smurf"; whereas what Peewit said was "I'm warbling to the dawn". So "I'm smurfing to the smurf" is not the same as "I'm smurfing to the smurf". In the animated series, only some words (or a portion of the word) are replaced with the word "smurf". Context offers a reliable understanding of this speech pattern, but common vocabulary includes remarking that something is "just smurfy" or in some cases, "smurftastic". In Schtroumpf vert et vert Schtroumpf (see Smurf Versus Smurf ), published in Belgium in 1972, it

4940-470: The studio, while his daughter Véronique was responsible for the merchandising (I.M.P.S. was established in 1985 by her). The merchandising of the Smurfs began in 1959, with the PVC figurines as the most important aspect until the late 1970s. Then, with the success of The Smurfs records by Pierre Kartner , the Smurfs achieved more international success, with a new boom in toys and gadgets. Some of these reached

5016-456: The ways of the manorial system by observation. Their residence in the house served as a goodwill gesture between the two families involved and helped them gain social and political contacts for their adult lives. A reference to this kind of page is found in the Christmas carol Good King Wenceslaus : "Hither, page, and stand by me, if thou know'st it, telling..." A page may also have shared

5092-480: Was Johan et Pirlouit (translated into English as Johan and Peewit ), which was a continuation of the series Johan he had created earlier. He also continued Poussy in Spirou . Set in the Middle Ages in Europe, Johan et Pirlouit stars a brave young page to the king, and his faithful, if boastful and cheating, dwarf sidekick . Johan rides off to defend the meek on his trusty horse, while Peewit gallops sporadically behind on his goat, named Biquette. The pair

5168-405: Was created by Gargamel to lure the other Smurfs. Papa Smurf then changed her into what we see today. The non-Smurf characters who would appear later would include their enemies: the wizard Gargamel , his cat Azrael, an ugly witch Hogatha, and Gargamel's godfather Balthazar; and their friends: the page Johan and his young friend Peewit, and the wizard Homnibus. There are more than 100 Smurfs. Since

5244-449: Was driven by duty to their king and the courage to defend the underpowered. Peewit only appeared in the third adventure in 1954 but would stay for all later adventures. The first Smurf appeared in Johan and Peewit on 23 October 1958 in the album La Flûte à Six Schtroumpfs ( The Six Smurfed Flute ). As the Smurfs became increasingly popular, Peyo started a studio in the early 1960s, where

5320-526: Was portrayed in the Hanna-Barbera cartoons. In 1984, the Smurfs began appearing in North American theme parks owned by Kings Entertainment Corporation . Each park featured a Smurf attraction and Smurf walk-around figures. Canada's Wonderland had an entire Smurf village to walk through, ending with Gargamel's Castle. " The Smurfs' Enchanted Voyage " was located in Kings Island . Kings Dominion has " Smurf Mountain ". California's Great America featured

5396-443: Was released on July 31, 2013. A fully animated Smurfs reboot film, Smurfs: The Lost Village , was released on April 7, 2017, with Demi Lovato starring as Smurfette. At CinemaCon on August 25, 2021, it was announced that a new Smurfs movie is in the works. The movie will be a musical and it is planned for a December 20, 2024 release for Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon . In August 2022, Paramount Pictures announced that

5472-444: Was released on October 5, 2011. A limited edition "Ultimate Collection 1", which features the first five seasons, was released on August 24, 2011. An "Ultimate Collection 2", which features Season 6 to Season 9, was released on November 2, 2011. The show was released on DVD in the UK through a joint conjunction with Arrow Films and Fabulous Films Ltd. The complete 1st season was released in a four-disc box set on July 5, 2010. Season 2

5548-568: Was released on September 6, 2010, Seasons 3, 4 and 5 were released on July 1, 2013, and the original Smurfs feature film, The Smurfs and The Magic Flute , was released on DVD and Blu-ray on October 11, 2010. Papa Smurf, Hefty Smurf, and Brainy Smurf appeared in the cartoon crossover Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue along with Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck (from the Looney Tunes franchise), Huey, Dewey, and Louie (from DuckTales ), Winnie

5624-618: Was revealed that the smurf village was divided between North and South, and that the Smurfs on either side had different ideas as to how the term "smurf" should be used: for instance, the Northern Smurfs called a certain object a "bottle smurfer", while the Southern Smurfs called it a "smurf opener". This story is considered a parody on the still ongoing taalstrijd (language war) between French- and Dutch-speaking communities in Belgium. When they first appeared in 1958,

5700-410: Was the first female Smurf to be introduced in the series. The Smurfs wear Phrygian caps , which came to represent freedom during the modern era. The word "smurf" is the original Dutch translation of the French "schtroumpf", which, according to Peyo, is a word he invented during a meal with fellow cartoonist André Franquin when he could not remember the word salt . The Smurfs franchise began as

5776-501: Was the son of an English father and a Belgian mother. Culliford took on the name "Peyo" early in his professional career, based on an English cousin's mispronunciation of Pierrot (a diminutive form of Pierre ). After working briefly at the Compagnie Belge d'Actualités (CBA), a small and short-lived Belgian animation studio, Peyo began making comic strips for daily newspapers such as Le Soir shortly after World War II . At

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