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103-558: The Sturgis Motorcycle Rally is a motorcycle rally held annually in Sturgis, South Dakota , and the surrounding Black Hills region of the United States. It began in 1938 by a group of Indian Motorcycle riders and was originally held for stunts and races. Since then, the rally has become a pluralistic endeavor that consists of events put on by many different groups. Attendance has historically been around 500,000 people, reaching

206-483: A Gypsy Tour rally from Melbourne to Sydney in 1927, stated - "The idea of a "gypsy tour" originated in America. There these tours are usually being organised simultaneously in different cities and towns, and routes all converging on one centre, where a great rally is held by the touring parties". The term gypsy tour has been used for other activities, but predominantly motorcycle rallies, and the idea quickly spread around

309-486: A bad mistake here in this regard." In Wyoming, estimates were that the population of the state, officially 585,000, may have doubled or even tripled, with traffic counts on August 21 showing 536,000 more cars than the five-year average for the third Monday in August; a 68 percent increase. One official offered an estimate of "two people in every car" to arrive at a one-million-visitor figure, and others noted that one million

412-558: A band that spanned the contiguous United States from the Pacific to the Atlantic coasts. It was also visible as a partial solar eclipse from as far north as Nunavut in northern Canada to as far south as northern South America . In northwestern Europe and Africa, it was partially visible in the late evening. In northeastern Asia , it was partially visible at sunrise. Prior to this event, no solar eclipse had been visible across

515-513: A camera rental company based in Tennessee , reported that many of its customers returned cameras and lenses with extensive damage. The most common problem reported was damage to the camera's sensor. This most often happens when shooting in live view mode, where the sensor is continuously exposed to the eclipse image and becomes damaged by the Sun's light. Another problem was the heat and brightness of

618-853: A funeral or political protest-that it organizes, promotes, or sponsors the event in a way that would permit it to acquire ownership over the event or its intellectual property." For many years the city has been in an agreement with SMRI, and its predecessor-in-interest, the Sturgis Area Chamber of Commerce, to license use of the words "Sturgis", "Sturgis Motorcycle Rally" and "Sturgis Rally & Races". That agreement involving invalid trademark enforcement generated millions of dollars in royalties and sponsorship dollars. On December 11, 2019, Federal Judge Jeffery Viken ordered that SMRI may no longer attempt to claim ownership of "Sturgis", "Sturgis Motorcycle Rally" or "Sturgis Rally & Races". The court order called for trademark cancellations to be sent to

721-466: A glimpse of totality, which few ever get to experience. Marriage proposals were timed to coincide with the eclipse, as was at least one wedding. Logistical problems arose with the influx of visitors, especially for smaller communities. The sale of counterfeit eclipse glasses was also anticipated to be a hazard for eye injuries. The next solar eclipse that crossed the United States occurred on April 8, 2024 (12 states). Future solar eclipses that cross

824-542: A half years on the job, noting that accidents had aggravated the already heavy traffic flows, attributed the I-75 congestion to Knoxville -area residents heading for the totality path at Sweetwater and returning during what was the city's normal afternoon rush hour. Before the eclipse, state officials had described their traffic expectations as equivalent to that generated by the Bonnaroo Music Festival ,

927-479: A high of over 700,000 in 2015. The event takes place over 10 days and generates around $ 800 million in annual revenue. The first rally was held by Indian Motorcycle riders on August 14, 1938, by the Jackpine Gypsies motorcycle club. The club still owns and operates the tracks, hillclimb , and field areas where the rally is centered. The first event was called the "Black Hills Motor Classic." The founder

1030-511: A host club. Rallies are still attended by motorcyclists that have been going to rallies for up to 40 or 50 years. In the UK motorcycle rallies began in earnest in the early 1960s as young, mainly working class men and women (usually on the pillion ) gained freedom by motorcycle ownership and set off around the country camping. Some went in groups or clubs and thus the rally was born. Many were Ton-up boys , later Greasers and then Greebos. Gypsy tour

1133-466: A local recreation reserve, football ground, racecourse, or showground in country towns. These venues often have toilet/shower blocks, and bar/kitchen facilities. Often the motorcycle club organising the rally will arrange for a local service group like the Rotary club , or local sporting club to cater an evening meal and breakfast, and to run the bar. These events often provide much needed revenue sources for

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1236-413: A model for the state of Oregon in preparation for the solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 , given the expected impact on emergency services. The Lakota Indian tribe in coalition with other tribes has protested the large amount of alcohol distributed at the event so close to the sacred Bear Butte , but also acknowledged that income from the event was important to the region and also benefits some members of

1339-739: A motorcycle to rekindle their marriage and traveling to the event. Television coverage of the festival by the VH1 Classic network includes interviews and performances as well as rock music videos from the Buffalo Chip Campground . The rally was featured in 2005 as part of the ESPN SportsCenter promotion 50 States in 50 Days . The shows American Chopper and Orange County Choppers featuring bike builders Paul Teutul Sr and Paul Teutul Jr had multiple episodes that featured bikes being built for, and brought to

1442-560: A partial eclipse was seen just before and during sunset. The most favorable conditions to see this eclipse gained the Cape Verde Archipelago with nearly 0.9 magnitude at the Pico del Fogo volcano. A large number of media outlets broadcast coverage of the eclipse, including television and internet outlets. NASA announced plans to offer streaming coverage through its NASA TV and NASA Edge outlets, using cameras stationed on

1545-639: A partial eclipse was visible in the evening or at sunset. Only those in Iceland , Ireland , Scotland and the Portuguese Azores archipelago saw the eclipse from beginning to end; in Wales , England , Norway , the Netherlands , Belgium , France , Spain , and Portugal , sunset occurred before the end of the eclipse. In Germany , the beginning of the eclipse was visible just at sunset only in

1648-530: A patrol car along I-15 every 15 miles (24 km) between Shelley and the Utah border. After the eclipse, traffic more than doubled along I-15 southbound, with extensive traffic jams continuing for eight hours as viewers who had traveled north into the totality path from Utah returned there and to points south. The ISP tweeted a picture of bumper-to-bumper traffic stalled on the interstate just south of Idaho Falls . Motorists reported to local news outlets that it

1751-583: A small group of astronomers used telescopic lenses to photograph the sun as it was in partial eclipse, while the International Space Station was also seen to briefly transit the sun. Similar images were captured by NASA from a location in Washington. (See Gallery – partial eclipse section). During the eclipse for a long span of its path of totality, several bright stars and four planets were visible. The star system Regulus

1854-407: A thousand vehicles per hour at peak times. As a result, traffic backed up as far as Lima , creating a delay of at least an hour for travelers heading northward. Further, as construction had not yet begun, drivers observed cones set up but no workers present on the road. While the state traditionally halts construction projects during high traffic periods, a state official admitted "we ... probably made

1957-535: A trip to Sturgis to meet with the owner of The Buffalo Chip, Rod Woodruff. They discuss building a bike for The Buffalo Chip. Season 11, Episode 2 "Getting the Bike Back Together" Paul Jr unveils the "Legend's Ride Chopper" at The Buffalo Chip Speakeasy. In addition to all of the 'American Chopper' episodes filmed in Sturgis, Paul Sr, also filmed 1 episode of his short-lived show "Orange County Choppers' at

2060-525: Is an American motorcycling term which originated before the 1920s; the term has been mostly but not entirely replaced by rally or run . Gypsy tours were organized where groups of riders all over the country converged on a favorite destination. The term gypsy was used because the riders would travel long distances and often sleeping in tents around a campfire along the way much like the Hollywood stereotype of Romani . One Australian newspaper referring to

2163-485: Is defined as vehicle crossings at about a dozen roads around Sturgis for 10 days, city-wide trash collection, vendor licenses issued in Sturgis, and other sources, not just the actual number of people attending the rally. Most attendees are counted multiple times, so the actual number of people attending is much lower than the listed attendance. For many years, the Sturgis Chamber of Commerce claimed ownership of

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2266-512: Is expected to draw 5,000 to 7,000 participants. There are number of rallies held throughout New Zealand, most events taking place over the warmer months. There are a couple of cold weather rallies such as the Brass Monkey Motorcycle Rally . Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 The solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 , dubbed the " Great American Eclipse " by some media, was a total solar eclipse visible within

2369-892: Is held each June in Austin , Texas and attracts over 200,000 bikers to the state capitol. There are innumerable smaller, regional rallies around the United States, including the annual BMW MOA international rally, the Oyster Run in the Pacific Northwest , the Golden Aspen Rally (formerly Aspencade) in the Southwest , the Route 66 Bike Week in the West, Americade in the Northeast , and Motorcycles on Meridian in

2472-463: Is riders failing to navigate turns. Another leading factor is often alcohol or drugs. Concerns about the possible spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and travel restrictions were expected to lead to lower attendance in 2020. The 2020 final traffic count was about 462,000. While some health officials and local leaders wanted to cancel the rally, that proved impossible since many events take place beyond

2575-537: The Knoxville News Sentinel described the traffic problems created by the eclipse as the worst ever seen in that part of the state . One backup along Interstate 75 reached 34 miles (55 km) in length, between Niota and the Interstate 40 interchange at Farragut . A spokesman for the state's Department of Transportation allowed that the traffic jams were the worst he had seen in six and

2678-722: The American Red Cross , American Cancer Society , American Legion , or VFW . The oldest motorcycle rally in Europe is the Elefantentreffen (Elephant Rally) established in 1956 by former Wehrmacht motorcyclists and named in honour of the Zündapp motorcycle that was nicknamed the "green elephant." The growing reputation of the Elephant Rally led to the creation in 1962 of a British winter rally called

2781-685: The Caribbean islands , and ships and aircraft in and above the adjacent oceans, as well as the northern countries of South America such as Colombia , Venezuela , and several others. On the Caribbean Sea , Bonnie Tyler performed her 1983 song " Total Eclipse of the Heart " live with the pop group DNCE on board the cruise ship Oasis of the Seas , as the ship entered the eclipse's totality path, east of The Bahamas . In northwestern Europe ,

2884-996: The Dragon rally and is held each February in North Wales . One of the largest motorcycle rallies in Europe is the Thundersprint , held annually in May in Northwich , Cheshire , England and usually has notable motorcycle champions or enthusiasts such as Giacomo Agostini and James May . Another large motorcycle rally is Glemseck 101. It takes place around the Glemseck at the Solitude race track in Leonberg , Germany every first weekend in September. A special attraction are

2987-678: The Midwest . A popular rally in the East takes place in the mountains of Maryland called Apple's East Coast Motorcycle Rally (formerly East Coast Sturgis). Rallies will often incorporate entertainment such as a burnout pit, motorcycle contests, bike washes, motorcycle stunt performances like wheelie acts and the wall of death , live bands, and dice or poker runs . The Indianapolis and Daytona Beach motorcycle rallies have championship motorcycle racing at nearby circuits. In some cases, rallies are held as benefits for organizations or groups such as

3090-538: The Montana Department of Transportation had failed to make similar plans to those in Idaho, scheduling a road construction project to begin on August 21 that narrowed a section of the highway to a single northbound lane, near the exit to Clark Canyon Dam south of Dillon . Though that stretch of highway generally has a traffic count of less than 1,000 vehicles per day, on the day of the eclipse there were over

3193-673: The Oregon coast as a partial eclipse at 4:05 p.m. UTC (9:05 a.m. PDT ), with the total eclipse beginning there at 5:16 p.m. UTC (10:16 a.m. PDT); the total eclipse's land coverage ended along the South Carolina coast at about 6:44 p.m. UTC (2:44 p.m. EDT ). Visibility as a partial eclipse in Honolulu, Hawaii began with sunrise at 4:20 p.m. UTC (6:20 a.m. HST ) and ended by 5:25 p.m. UTC (7:25 a.m. HST). This total solar eclipse marked

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3296-494: The Truman Balcony with First Lady Melania Trump . With the Sun partially eclipsed, President Trump looked briefly in the general direction of the Sun before using solar viewing glasses. The eclipse generated reports of abnormal behavior in animal and plant life. Some chickens came out from beneath their coops and began grooming, usually an evening activity. Horses displayed increased whinnying, running, and jumping after

3399-727: The 1/8 mile drag races, where customizers and motorcycle brands send their best bikes and bikers to the race (e.g. Triumph , BMW , Yamaha , Suzuki ). In the UK, the Iron Ore Rally is held annually in Egremont , Cumbria and the Rally of Discovery is held in Ireland. Rallies are held year round. Many motorcyclists (or bikers) prefer the winter rallies, such as the Mayflower MCCs Force Ten Rally or

3502-427: The 2020 rally. Approximately $ 250,000 worth of motorcycles are stolen annually. Rally-goers are a mix of white-collar and blue-collar workers and are generally welcomed as an important source of income for Sturgis and surrounding areas. The rally turns local roads into "parking lots", and draws local law enforcement away from routine patrols. Furthermore, the large numbers of people visiting the town and region served as

3605-584: The 2021 rally. Shipping companies transport thousands of motorcycles to Sturgis for attendees who arrive via airline. The Rapid City Journal and South Dakota Public Broadcasting feature daily coverage of the Sturgis Rally. The Seattle Times covered some of the 2008 Sturgis Rally while rock band Judd Hoos was playing at the Loud American Roadhouse . All Gas No Brakes covered the 2020 rally. In 1997, notable attendees at

3708-558: The 220 miles (350 km) north via the highway from the Salt Lake City metropolitan area , did the same. On the morning of the eclipse, many drivers left before dawn, creating traffic volume along I-15 normally not seen until morning rush hour ; northbound traffic on the interstate in Box Elder County north of Salt Lake City slowed to 10–15 miles per hour (16–24 km/h). The Idaho State Police (ISP) stationed

3811-580: The City of Sturgis followed the mayor's committee recommendation to prohibit camping in City Park and eliminate downtown street vendors. For many years, the rally was a seven-day event starting on a Monday during the first full week of August. In October 2016, the city of Sturgis expanded the city's dates to the 10-day format and have the rally start on the Friday before the first full week of August and end on

3914-528: The Court stated that the Sturgis Motorcycle Rally is a pluralistic endeavor promoted by multiple organizations. They further stated that the city's involvement does not extend beyond the provision of municipal services. The record stated, “We agree and hold that the jury could not infer from the onerous planning that the City undertakes to provide infrastructure for the rally that the City was

4017-513: The Dean Vally MCCs Rallymans Rally . The usual order of the day is camping with a real ale tent and music. Rallies usually start on a Friday afternoon and finish at lunchtime on a Sunday. The point is to travel there by motorcycle, motorcycle and sidecar or trike (not cars or vans), meet friends from all over the country and sometimes further afield, claim a rally badge and enjoy the entertainment. Prizes are awarded for

4120-477: The ISO 12312-2 standard avoid risk to one's eyes and issued a list of reputable vendors of eclipse glasses. The organization warned against products claiming ISO certification or even citing the same number, but not tested by an accredited laboratory. Another problem was counterfeits of reputable vendors' products, some even claiming the company's name such as with American Paper Optics which published information detailing

4223-864: The Moon's apparent diameter was larger during this eclipse. It was visible within a narrow corridor 70 miles (110 km) wide, crossing 14 of the contiguous United States : Oregon , Idaho , Montana , Wyoming , Nebraska , Kansas , Iowa , Missouri , Illinois , Kentucky , Tennessee , Georgia , North Carolina , and South Carolina . It was first seen from land in the U.S. shortly after 10:15 am PDT (17:15 UTC) at Oregon's Pacific coast, and then it progressed eastward through Salem, Oregon ; Idaho Falls, Idaho ; Casper, Wyoming ; Lincoln, Nebraska ; Kansas City, Missouri ; St. Louis, Missouri ; Hopkinsville, Kentucky ; and Nashville, Tennessee ; before reaching Columbia, South Carolina about 2:41 pm; and finally Charleston, South Carolina . A partial eclipse

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4326-654: The Springdale Library in metropolitan Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, accidentally passed out dozens of pairs of counterfeit eclipse glasses, but as of August 23 had not received any reports of eye damage. On July 27, 2017, Amazon required all eclipse viewing products sold on its website have a submission of origin and safety information, and proof of an accredited ISO certification. In mid-August 2017, Amazon recalled and pulled listings for eclipse viewing glasses that "may not comply with industry standards" and gave refunds to customers who had purchased them. Lensrentals,

4429-524: The Sturgis Rally. American Chopper Season 2, Episode 10 "David Mann Bike 1" In the episode Paul Sr, Paul Jr and the rest of the crew go to the Sturgis Rally. Paul Sr talks about how he has been going to the Rally for a long time and reflects on all the people he had met at the Rally. One of those people was artist, David Mann, who had been in the hospital at the time and would die one month later, on September 11th of 2004. Paul Sr credits David Mann's paintings as

4532-440: The Sturgis Rally. Season 1, Episode 2 "The GAF Sturgis Bike" features Paul Sr and his team building a bike for GAF Roofing materials company. The company had the bike built with the request it would be gifted to veteran at the Sturgis Rally. Starting in 2009 an American reality television series began airing on the truTV network: Full Throttle Saloon , showing the inner operations at the world's largest biker bar just prior to

4635-477: The United States Patent and Trademark Office. The City of Sturgis has calculated that the Rally brings over $ 800 million to South Dakota annually. The City of Sturgis earned almost $ 270,000 in 2011 from selling event guides and sponsorships. In 2019, the Rally generated $ 628,116 for local charities. In 2020, the rally provided 21% of the city's annual revenue. There were 187 individuals jailed at

4738-590: The United States will occur on August 23, 2044 (3 states), and on August 12, 2045 (10 states). Annular solar eclipses —wherein the Moon appears smaller than the Sun—occurred in October 2023 (9 states) and will occur in June 2048 (9 states). The total eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit and had a magnitude of 1.0306. Occurring about 3.2 days after perigee (on August 18, 2017, at 14:20 UTC),

4841-790: The United States. It will be seen in the Americas . A partial eclipse was visible across the width of Canada, ranging from 89 percent in Victoria, British Columbia to 11 percent in Resolute, Nunavut . In Ottawa, viewing parties were held at the Canada Aviation and Space Museum . In Toronto, viewing parties were held at the CNE and the Ontario Science Centre. A partial eclipse was visible from Central America , Mexico ,

4944-425: The actual figures were probably higher since many people who attended the rally refused to speak to them. They also pointed out that the study only involved one state, although rally attendees came from across the country. Concerns about virus transmission appeared again before the 2021 rally, expected to draw 700,000 visitors. The City of Sturgis planned to make 15-minute self test kits for SARS‑CoV‑2 available during

5047-548: The aegis of the LGF Museum of Natural History near Vale, Oregon , was lost at 20,000 feet (6,100 m). Given that the balloon was believed to have burst at 100,000 feet (30,000 m), it could have parachuted down anywhere from eastern Oregon to Caldwell, Idaho (most likely) to Sun Valley, Idaho ; a $ 1,000 reward is offered for its recovery. The National Solar Observatory organized Citizen CATE volunteers to man 60 identical telescopes and instrumentation packages along

5150-478: The behavior of these attendees. In 1982, a referendum was presented to the city asking them to no longer provide municipal services such as parking on Main Street, law enforcement and allowing camping in City Park. City attorney Dale Hansen advised that any vote would be non-binding and could not stop the rally because the motorcycle rally is sponsored by private groups. Although the referendum was defeated 1,454 to 826,

5253-553: The cases reported in Minnesota were people who had been Sturgis event employees or volunteers. On August 27, 2020, the results of mass testing in Sturgis became available. Out of 650 tests there were 26 positive results, all asymptomatic. As of August 28, 2020, 46 cases in Minnesota had been linked to the rally, including two hospitalizations, with one person in intensive care. An additional cluster of secondary transmission from

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5356-489: The cities of Makanda, Carbondale, Cape Girardeau, Missouri , and Paducah, Kentucky , will thus experience two total solar eclipses within a span of less than seven years. The solar eclipse of August 12, 2045 , will have a very similar path of totality over the U.S. to the 2017 eclipse: about 400 km (250 mi) to the southwest, also crossing the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the country; however, totality will be more than twice as long, and it will be seen not only in

5459-400: The city limits. The 250,000 participants were recommended but not required to wear face masks in a state that had seen 9,371 confirmed cases, and 144 deaths due to contraction of COVID-19 (0.016% of the population). Several checkpoints to stop outsiders were put up on the Cheyenne River Indian Reservation , an action that state and federal officials consider illegal. The 2020 final traffic count

5562-450: The clouds, prolonging the observation time spent in the umbra . A partial solar eclipse was seen from the much broader path of the Moon 's penumbra , including all of North America , particularly areas just south of the totality pass, where the eclipse lasted about 3–5 hours, Hawaii , Central America , the Caribbean , northern South America , Western Europe , and some of West Africa and Northeast Asia . At one location in Wyoming,

5665-478: The communities in which the rallies are held, and the communities welcome the rallies to their towns. Compared to European and American rallies, Australian rallies are often small affairs with attendance ranging from a few dozen to a few hundred bikes. The Ulysses Club Annual General Meeting Event is a weeklong affair that brings in thousands of motorcyclists and millions of dollars to its host site, which can be different each year. The 2014 event in Alice Springs

5768-476: The country's declaration of independence in 1776 . Prior to this, the path of totality of the eclipse of June 13, 1257, was the last to make landfall exclusively on lands currently part of the United States. The path of the solar eclipse of April 8, 2024 crossed the path of the 2017 eclipse, with the intersection in southern Illinois in Makanda Township at Cedar Lake, just south of Carbondale . An area of about 9,000 square miles (23,000 km ), including

5871-456: The decision was made by the Black Hills Motor Classic Committee to not hold their regular event until after the war was over. The reason given for not holding the event was the "inability to obtain high-class talent." The Sturgis Rally would not be held again until 1946, when the Black Hills Classic Reorganized and made plans to revive the motorcycle rally. Originally the rally was composed of two separate events that spanned three days. Starting of

5974-419: The differences between its glasses and counterfeits. Andrew Lund, the owner of a company which produces eclipse glasses, noted that not all counterfeit glasses were necessarily unsafe. He stated to Quartz that the counterfeits he tested blocked the majority of harmful light spectrum, concluding that "the IP is getting ripped off, but the good news is there are no long-term harmful effects." As one example,

6077-429: The eclipse destroying the lens iris, which mechanically regulates the amount of light that enters the camera. Another problem reported was one of a cinema camera's neutral-density filter being damaged by the heat and light of the eclipse. The cost of all of this damage likely amounted to thousands of dollars. Officials inside and near the path of totality planned – sometimes for years – for

6180-494: The eclipse with correspondents stationed across the path of totality, along with CNN , Fox News Channel , Science , and The Weather Channel . The PBS series Nova presented streaming coverage on Facebook hosted by Miles O'Brien , and aired a special episode chronicling the event—"Eclipse Over America"—later in the day (which marked the fastest production turnaround time in Nova history). Other institutions and services also announced plans to stream their perspectives of

6283-493: The eclipse, including the Exploratorium in San Francisco , the Elephant Sanctuary of Hohenwald, Tennessee , the Slooh robotic telescope app , and The Virtual Telescope Project . The Eclipse Ballooning Project, a consortium of schools and colleges that sent 50 high-altitude balloons into the sky during the eclipse to conduct experiments, provided streams of footage and GPS tracking of its launches. Contact with one balloon with $ 13,000 of scientific equipment, launched under

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6386-465: The eclipse, more than 500,000 vehicles traveled Wyoming roads, creating large traffic jams, particularly on southbound and eastbound highways. Drivers reported that it took up to 10 hours to travel 160 miles (260 km) into northern Colorado. There was one traffic fatality, and another fatality related to an off-highway ATV accident, but in general there were far fewer incidents and traffic citations than authorities had anticipated. In Tennessee ,

6489-405: The eclipse, since it would be the last chance to view such an eclipse in the contiguous United States for almost four decades. The August 2017 eclipse was the first with a path of totality crossing the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the U.S. since the solar eclipse of 1918 . Also, its path of totality made landfall exclusively within the United States, making it the first such eclipse since

6592-420: The eclipse; the state DOT made sure its full complement of emergency-aid HELP trucks were available as well. Alert signs on the highways also warned motorists not to pull over onto the shoulders to watch the eclipse as it could increase the risk of dangerous accidents and block the path of emergency vehicles. In North Carolina, the Department of Transportation added cameras, message boards and safety patrols in

6695-441: The entirety of the United States since June 8, 1918 ; not since the February 1979 eclipse had a total eclipse been visible from anywhere in the mainland United States. The path of totality touched 14 states, and the rest of the U.S. had a partial eclipse. The area of the path of totality was about 16 percent of the area of the United States, with most of this area over the ocean, not land. The event's shadow began to cover land on

6798-485: The event was a Gypsy tour, where riders would be guided through the Black Hills by an escort of Jackpine Gypsy club members. The following two days would be filled with motorcycle and automobile races. Additional events would be held in the downtown district of Sturgis, including parades, dances, and animal shows. Through the 1970s and early 1980s, many attendees camped in City Park. When a record 40,000 visitors arrived in Sturgis in 1980, local residents became concerned with

6901-633: The event, please get tested and self-isolate while you wait for the test results." By August 24, 2020, there were a total of 76 cases linked to the rally (0.016% of attendees), in four states, South Dakota, Minnesota, Nebraska and Wyoming, with additional reports of cases in North Dakota and Washington State. The number rose to 103 (0.022% of attendees) on August 26, in at least eight states, including 37 cases in South Dakota , and cases in Wisconsin, Montana, Wyoming, Nebraska, Washington and North Dakota. On August 26, 6 cases were reported in New Hampshire. On August 27, over 20 cases were reported in Colorado. Two of

7004-432: The event. Cicadas were reported to grow louder before going silent during totality. Various birds were also observed flying in unusually large formations. Flowers such as the Hibiscus closed their petals which typically happens at night, before opening again after the solar event. Pornhub, a pornographic video-sharing website provided an unusual sociological and statistical report: its traffic dropped precipitously along

7107-432: The extreme northwest of the country. In all regions east of the orange line on the map, the eclipse was not visible. A partial eclipse was visible during sunrise or morning hours in Russian Far East (including Severnaya Zemlya and New Siberian Islands archipelagos). For big cities in Russia , the maximal obscuration was in Anadyr , and it was 27.82%. In some locations in West Africa and western North Africa ,

7210-484: The first such event in the smartphone and social media era in the United States. Information, personal communication, and photography were widely available as never before, capturing popular attention and enhancing the social experience. The event was received with much enthusiasm across the nation; people gathered outside their homes to watch it, and many parties were set up in the path of the eclipse. Many people left their homes and traveled hundreds of miles just to get

7313-554: The furthest distance travelled, best bike, best rat bike , oldest person attending, youngest person attending, etc. There are usually planned ride-outs on the Saturday taking in good roads and sometimes historic sites, museums, etc. In the UK, many people relate motorcycle rallies to the famous Bulldog Bash near Stratford-upon-Avon . This is a hugely popular event and attracts thousands of people including non-motorcyclists. There are many much smaller rallies that attract between 50 and 500 bikers to each event, organised and controlled by

7416-479: The greatest extent (width) was at 36°58′0″N 87°40′18″W  /  36.96667°N 87.67167°W  / 36.96667; -87.67167 near the village of Cerulean, Kentucky , located in between Hopkinsville and Princeton . This was the first total solar eclipse visible from the Southeastern United States since the solar eclipse of March 7, 1970 . Two NASA WB-57Fs flew above

7519-419: The ground along the path of totality, along with cameras on high-altitude balloons , jets, and coverage from the International Space Station ; NASA stated that "never before will a celestial event be viewed by so many and explored from so many vantage points—from space, from the air, and from the ground." ABC , CBS , and NBC announced that they would respectively broadcast live television specials to cover

7622-480: The longest eclipse being 6 minutes and 54 seconds) occurred over the contiguous United States on March 7, 1970 along the southern portions of the Eastern Seaboard , from Florida to Virginia. The path of totality of the solar eclipse of February 26, 1979 crossed only the states of Washington , Oregon , Idaho , Montana , and North Dakota . Many enthusiasts traveled to the Pacific Northwest to view

7725-552: The number of cases that could have been caused by the 2020 rally, at which few attendees wore masks, could have infected 267,000 and result in $ 12.2 billion in health care costs. A partnership between Slate magazine, New America , and Arizona State University , questioned the methodology and thereby contested the findings of the study. The Slate analysis did find the IZA estimates for Meade County, South Dakota , between 177 and 195 cases (0.038–0.042% of attendees), to be consistent with

7828-487: The organizer or sponsor of the rally. To allow such an inference would be tantamount to saying that it would be reasonable to infer that the City of New York organizes the sessions of the United Nations General Assembly because of everything it does to assist their occurrence. One cannot infer from the fact that a city augments its municipal services to accommodate those who attend an event-e.g.,

7931-559: The path of totality had been reserved several months, if not years, in advance. The state anticipated up to 500,000 visitors to join its 1.6 million residents. Oregon deployed six National Guard aircraft and 150 soldiers because the influx of visitors coincided with the state's fire season. Hospital staffing, and supplies of blood and anti–snake bite antidote, were augmented along the totality line. Also in Oregon, there were reports of hoteliers canceling existing reservations made at

8034-490: The path of totality, so much so that its researchers were themselves surprised. NASA reported over 90 million page views of the eclipse on its websites, making it the agency's biggest online event ever, beating the previous web traffic record about seven times over. In the months leading up to the eclipse, many counterfeit glasses were put up for sale. Effective eclipse glasses must not only block most visible light, but most UV and infrared light as well. For visible light,

8137-535: The rally included the crew from the television series COPS , and basketball player Dennis Rodman . From 1996 to 1999, World Championship Wrestling (WCW) held a pay-per-view event called Road Wild ( Hog Wild for the 1996 event). Rodman participated at the show in the final year in 1999. Sturgis was featured in Season 7, Episode 13 of King of the Hill , "Queasy Rider." The episode features Hank and Peggy buying

8240-492: The rally opening and for the duration of the rally each year. Sturgis was also featured on American Pickers Season 4, Episode 6, "What Happens In Sturgis ...". Originally aired January 2, 2012, on the History Channel. "... When Mike tells Frank let's pack up for a trip to South Dakota, Frank says he can't. He's secretly going to his 30th annual trip to the legendary Sturgis motorcycle rally, but says he'll cover

8343-433: The rally was identified at a wedding. The number of infections increased substantially although health authorities suspected the real number could be far higher because many attendees refused to cooperate with contact tracers. On September 2, 2020, the first COVID-19 death related to the 2020 Sturgis rally was reported in Minnesota. A paper by economist Dhaval Dave and colleagues at IZA Institute of Labor Economics estimated

8446-665: The rally, with more cases expected, and a few cases had been reported in Wyoming . Public health notices were issued for One-Eyed Jack's Saloon, The Knuckle Saloon, The Broken Spoke, and Asylum Tattoo in Sturgis, and for the Bumpin’ Buffalo Bar and Grill in Hill City . Some exposures in Minnesota could not be traced to specific locations. A Minnesota public health official urged all rallygoers to monitor for symptoms for 14 days, adding that "if you are feeling ill after returning from

8549-476: The raw data. South Dakota governor Kristi Noem said the study was "fiction," and an "attack on those who exercised their personal freedom to attend Sturgis...Predictably, some in the media breathlessly report on this non-peer-reviewed model, built on incredibly faulty assumptions that do not reflect the actual facts and data here in South Dakota." State epidemiologist Joshua Clayton stated, "From what we know

8652-578: The reason he wanted to start building choppers. American Chopper Season 7, Episodes 5-9 is a bike build off between Paul Sr and Paul Jr, in which they are competing to build bikes to be debuted at the Sturgis Rally. Paul Sr built an electric drag bike called "The Lawless Drag Bike", meanwhile Paul Jr built two bikes, "The Anti-Venom Bike" and "The Geico Bike". Episodes 8 and 9 are spent in Sturgis, while episodes 5-7 are focused on building those bikes. The bikes were debuted on stage at The Buffalo Chip. American Chopper Season 11, Episode 1 "Welcome Back" Paul Jr makes

8755-463: The regular market rate and increasing their rate, sometimes threefold or more, for guests staying to view the eclipse. The Oregon Department of Justice (DOJ) investigated various complaints and reached settlements with affected customers of at least 10 hotels in the state. These settlements included refunds to the customers and fines paid to the DOJ. Although traffic to areas within the path of totality

8858-479: The results do not align with what we know." By September 8, 2020, South Dakota reported 124 residents had become ill after attending the rally. On November 20, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identified 51 people from Minnesota who were infected at the 2020 rally and another 35 who got secondary infections from attendees; four of the 86 were hospitalized and one died. Researchers noted that

8961-402: The second Sunday. In 2017, the Rally became a 10-day event starting on the first Friday in August. The South Dakota Department of Transportation provides official traffic counts, which sometimes differ from official attendance figures. Attendance is higher on major anniversaries (e.g. 75th in 2015) and one or two years prior to the anniversary and falls off the following year or two. "Attendance"

9064-703: The shop ...". Sturgis has also been featured in the TV Show Pawn Stars in which Richard and Corey Harrison visit Sturgis with Chumlee Russell on his birthday. 44°24′52″N 103°30′32″W  /  44.41444°N 103.50889°W  / 44.41444; -103.50889 Motorcycle rally Notable annual North American rallies include the Sturgis Motorcycle Rally , Laconia Motorcycle Week , Black Bike Week and Daytona Beach Bike Week , with each having thousands in attendance. The Republic of Texas Biker Rally

9167-597: The sudden influx of people. Smaller towns struggled to arrange viewing sites and logistics for what could have been a tourism boom or a disaster. In the American West , illegal camping was a major concern, including near cities like Jackson Hole, Wyoming . Idaho's Office of Emergency Management said Idaho was a prime viewing state, and advised jurisdictions to prepare for service load increases; nearly every hotel and motel room, campground, and in some cases backyards for nearly 100 miles (160 km) north and south of

9270-501: The totality path to study changes in the corona over the duration of the eclipse. In orbit , the International Space Station and the satellites Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter , Solar Dynamics Observatory , Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer , Solar and Heliospheric Observatory , and Hinode gathered data from the eclipse. A viewing party was held at the White House, during which President Donald Trump appeared on

9373-416: The tribes. There are generally several motorcycle related fatalities each year. The 75th anniversary in 2015 saw the highest number of fatalities at 15. The next most deadly years were 2023 and 1990 which both had 11 fatalities. In addition there are many more motorcycle accidents which are non-fatal. The number of non-fatal accidents generally range from 45-70 accidents. One of the leading causes of accidents

9476-462: The twice-a-season NASCAR Cup Series races at Bristol or the formerly-held Boomsday fireworks festival. "Maybe they should have considered a tsunami of traffic combining all three of those heavily attended events", the News Sentinel commented. The Tennessee Highway Patrol made sure that "[e]very trooper not on sick leave or military leave or pre-approved leave [wa]s working" the day of

9579-508: The user should only be able to see the Sun, sunlight reflected off shiny metal, halogen bulbs, the filament in unfrosted incandescent bulbs, and similarly intense sources. Determining whether the glasses effectively block enough UV and infrared light requires the use of spectrophotometer , which is a rather expensive piece of lab equipment. The eye's retina lacks pain receptors , and thus damage can occur without one's awareness. The American Astronomical Society (AAS) said products meeting

9682-590: The words "Sturgis", "Sturgis Motorcycle Rally" and "Sturgis Rally & Races" through an attempted trademark claim. Those trademark claims were later transferred to Sturgis Motorcycle Rally Inc., which made efforts to enforce the claims. In 2018, the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit Court ruled the trademark invalid in a dispute between Sturgis Motorcycle Rally Inc. (SMRI) and Rushmore Photo and Gifts. In their ruling,

9785-549: The world. Many gypsy tours have been held over the years and are still a regular event for many vintage and modern motorcycle groups. The annual gypsy tour to Laconia , New Hampshire near Lake Winnipesaukee began in 1916 and is the oldest continuous motorcycle event in the U.S. A number of rallies are held throughout Australia throughout the year. These range from 'back to basics' rallies, usually held in remote locations with no facilities, to catered rallies held in country towns and other rural locations. Many rallies are held at

9888-875: Was Clarence "Pappy" Hoel . He purchased an Indian motorcycle franchise in Sturgis in 1936 and formed the Jackpine Gypsies in 1938. The Jackpine Gypsies were inducted to the Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 1997. Hoel was inducted into the AMA Hall of Fame the following year. The focus of a motorcycle rally was originally racing and stunts . In 1961, the rally was expanded to include the Hillclimb and Motocross races. This could include half-mile track racing (the first year in Sturgis, there were 19 participants), intentional board wall crashes, ramp jumps and head-on collisions with automobiles. The Sturgis Rally has been held every year, with exceptions during World War II. In 1942,

9991-407: Was a conservative estimate based on a one-day traffic count of limited portions of major highways. There were additional arrivals by aircraft, plus travelers who arrived early or stayed for additional days. Two days before the eclipse, traffic increased 18 percent over a five-year average, with an additional 131,000 vehicles on the road. Sunday saw an additional 217,000-vehicle increase. Following

10094-490: Was about 462,000, with many attendees not wearing masks or observing social distancing . Cell phone data showed that by August 25, 2020, 61% of US counties had been visited by a Sturgis attendee. As of August 20, 2020, seven COVID-19 cases in the Nebraska Panhandle had been traced to the Rally, and 22 cases had been reported among out-of-state attendees. As of August 21, 2020, Minnesota had 15 cases traced to

10197-420: Was almost in conjunction with the Sun. Mars was 8° to the right, and Venus 34° right. Mercury was 10° left, and Jupiter 51° left. This was the first total solar eclipse visible from the United States since that of July 11, 1991 —which was seen only from part of Hawaii —and the first visible from the contiguous United States since 1979. An eclipse of comparable length (up to 3 minutes, 8 seconds, with

10300-650: Was called in to help manage traffic in Madras along US 26 and US 97 . Madras Municipal Airport received more than 400 mostly personal planes that queued for hours while waiting to leave after the eclipse. Officials in Idaho, where the totality path crossed the center of the state, began planning for the eclipse a year in advance. The state Transportation Department suspended construction projects along Interstate 15 , which traverses Eastern Idaho , from August 18–22 in order to have all lanes open; their counterparts in neighboring Utah , where many were expected to travel

10403-741: Was seen for a greater time period, beginning shortly after 9:00 am PDT along the Pacific Coast of Oregon. Weather forecasts predicted clear skies in Western U.S. and some Eastern states, but clouds in the Midwest and East Coast. The longest ground duration of totality was 2 minutes 41.6 seconds at about 37°35′0″N 89°7′0″W  /  37.58333°N 89.11667°W  / 37.58333; -89.11667 in Giant City State Park , just south of Carbondale, Illinois , and

10506-480: Was somewhat spread out over the days prior to the eclipse, there were widespread traffic problems across the United States after the event ended. Michael Zeiler, an eclipse cartographer, had estimated that between 1.85 million and 7.4 million people would travel to the path of the eclipse. In Oregon, because an estimated one million people were expected to arrive, the Oregon National Guard

10609-470: Was taking them two hours to travel the 47 miles (76 km) from that city to Pocatello to the south, a journey that normally takes 45 minutes. Others reported that it took three hours to travel from Idaho Falls to the closer city of Blackfoot , 30 miles (48 km) farther north of Pocatello. In the rest of the state the impact was less severe. Traffic nearly doubled on US 93 , and was up 55 percent on US 20 . For some northbound travelers on I-15 ,

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