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60-577: The stadium underwent a two-stage, complete reconstruction in the years 2008–2011. Only a small part of the main building facade was preserved from the old construction (with another part being precisely reconstructed). With space for 31,103 spectators it is the 5th biggest football stadium in Ekstraklasa and the 7th biggest in the country. The stadium is equipped with a heated pitch, training pitch, underground parking, sport bar, club museum and other facilities. The stadium, which for decades belonged to

120-540: A 25,000 seated audience and installing artificial lighting. Speedway held significant fixtures at the stadium, including qualifying rounds of the Speedway World Championship in 1956, 1957, 1958, 1961, 1962 and 1964. At the end of 1987, at the Legia stadium, the speedway track was removed and the football field was widened. The necessity to build a new stadium for Legia Warszawa players increased in

180-416: A capacity of 30,500 to 35,000 spectators, with underground parking, and – a first at a Polish sports facility – was supposed to have a fully retractable roof. The City, however, did not accept the consortium's condition that all the funds for the construction be secured by the investor prior to the construction. The Polish side cancelled the deal. On 26 September 2006, Legia's new owners – ITI Group – during

240-642: A common room. There was a running track and a cycling track around the pitch. It officially opened on 9 August 1930. The first motorcycle speedway was raced on 9 November 1930 and in 1933, the stadium was officially named the Polish Army Stadium. The stadium suffered damage during World War II and the offensive of the Red Army and the Polish Army in January 1945. After the end of the war,

300-407: A meeting with the acting President of Warsaw Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz , in the club premises presented their own idea of rebuilding the stadium. Their idea provided for the construction of the stadium in stages (so that the club could still play games during the construction), with the capacity between 31,000 and 34,000 seats (depending whether standing spaces were included). In November of that year,

360-516: A new stadium on the said land. The decision led to the announcement of tender for redevelopment of the Legia's facilities. On 25 September 2006, the City of Warsaw dismissed the offer of the German consortium: HMB Stadien GmbH und Sportstättenbau with Wayss Schlüsselfertigbau und Freytag AG and Krupp Stahlbau Hannover GmbH, which had won the tender. Their project planned the construction of a building with

420-404: Is 31,103 all seating spaces, however it is possible to increase the capacity up to 33,609, by way of creating 6,126 standing spaces (leaving 27,483 seats). These figures include press posts and VIP seats in the total amount of 2,137. The number of press posts can be increased at the cost of seats for regular spectators. The location of the stands compared to the old stadium has not been changed. Only

480-623: Is a unicameral governing body of the city of Warsaw , the capital of Poland . The council was first created following the location of Warsaw under the terms of the Magdeburg Law in the Middle Ages . The modern council is regulated by the Warsaw Act of 2002. It consists of 60 councillors elected in free elections for a five-year term. Incumbent chairperson of the council is Ewa Malinowska-Grupińska ( Civic Coalition ), elected at

540-528: Is a factor in the public that can still polarize just as much as that from the history of architecture known all time. From a global perspective, the entire discussion about the pros and cons of reconstruction is a problem rooted in Eurocentric sensitivities. Other cultures, both the Anglo-American region and Asia, deal with the topic differently: The regular, complete rebuilding of a Buddhist temple

600-428: Is five storeys high and is fully roofed with its maximum height not allowed to be higher than nearby Ujazdów Castle . The stadium includes press boxes, office spaces, as well as a fitness and wellbeing center for players and coaching staff. There are also 12 catering stands, a sports bar, Legia club museum and two club merchandise stores located within the stadium. The stadium's capacity is variable. The general capacity

660-540: Is in the north-west corner. Between 2011 and early 2015 the stadium was officially known as Pepsi Arena on the basis of a sponsorship agreement with PepsiCo . Currently the stadium naming rights are not commercially exploited. Żyleta ( Polish pronunciation: [ʐɨˈlɛta] , English: the Razor ) is a common name for the northern stand in the Polish Army Stadium in Warsaw , Poland , traditionally occupied by

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720-400: Is located at the back of the southern, eastern, and northern stands. The first level accommodates 387 vehicles, the second level 392. Moreover, in front of the main grandstand there are spaces for 18 cars (a VIP section). In total, the stadium offers 797 parking spaces. The entrance to the car park is located in the north-east corner of the stadium, and a separate entrance dedicated to team buses

780-573: Is often hardly preserved and architects in particular argue against this approach, saying that it merely creates a historical impression in order to appeal to a certain groups of buyers. However, there are also prominent examples of reconstructions with missing original substance. The reconstruction of completely destroyed Warsaw's Old Town is a reconstruction even in the UNESCO list of World Heritage. Reconstructed buildings are generally not perceived as such by those who are unfamiliar with them, which makes

840-475: Is one of Poland's most decorated footballers, having won 97 caps and scored 41 goals for the white and reds (the national team). A gold medal winner at the 1972 Munich Olympics (and top scorer with nine goals), he was also part of the third-placed Polish team at the 1974 World Cup in West Germany, before winning the silver medal with the national side at the 1976 Summer Olympics . It was in 1974 that he

900-773: Is part of the centuries-old tradition in Asian architecture, the European concept of "true to the original" plays in this culture, which has everything in the philosophical core Material regarded as worthless shell, until today a subordinate role. The 2000 year old Ise-jingū-Shrines in Japan are ritually rebuilt every 20 years according to exactly the same plans made of wood. In China, for example, while entire historic cities and city centers are being sacrificed to major urban and economic planning projects (Shanghai, 3 Gorges Dam), conversely, historicizing projects are also being implemented - such as

960-409: Is perceived by the average citizen as more appealing than contemporary architecture. The loss of the "beautiful old" is seen as an aesthetic diminution, historically created and poorly closed building gaps are experienced as a permanent "flaw in the cityscape". The reconstruction of buildings is often controversial among architects and preservationists . There are different motives and values. Overall,

1020-465: Is the main route between different sections of a particular stand. Fans may not access other stands through the promenade. The Legia club museum is located within the north stand. It was established with the cooperation of Legia supporters, in particular with its current custodian - Wiktor Bołba. The concept of the museum is to guide visitors through all the periods of club's history. The museum hosts temporary exhibitions commemorating important events in

1080-523: The Polish Armed Forces , is currently owned by the City of Warsaw . In 1929, Legia obtained a subsidy that enabled the implementation of the plan to build a representative Military Stadium. The stadium was built according to the design of Maksymilian Dudryk-Darlewski. Under the main stand, which had a capacity of 5,000 people, there were club rooms, locker rooms, gymnasiums, sports magazines and

1140-484: The Theseus paradox . A crucial question in monument protection today is that of whether the value and originality is in the materials, or in the design. This does not only refer to the material erected at the time of construction, but also to the various later layers that are evidence of their times. The practice of both architectural and art history does not regard a certain version of an object as "the original", neither

1200-559: The German Federal Building Culture Foundation, 80% of all participants were in favor of the reconstruction of historic buildings and 15% were against. The approval of reconstructions was particularly high among women (83%) and 18 to 29 year olds (86%). When asked whether historical buildings should also be rebuilt for other uses, 80% of all participants answered with "yes" and 16% with "no". Prominent examples with worldwide attention that illuminate

1260-529: The architectural concepts of restoration (repairing existing building fabric) and preservation (the prevention of further decay), wherein the most extensive form of reconstruction is creating a replica of a destroyed building. More narrowly, such as under the Secretary of Interior's Standards in the United States, "reconstruction" is "the act or process of depicting, by means of new construction,

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1320-409: The cityscape more attractive in the eyes of the beholder. Even in the awareness of the residents, the fact of the reconstruction of a building is mostly forgotten after a while, the buildings are perceived again as an organic part of their environment. The desire for the original substance, which is usually put forward by monument conservationists, cannot be met in many old buildings either; one speaks of

1380-479: The club signed a 23-year lease with the City of Warsaw. In June 2007, the Warsaw City Council allocated 360 million PLN in funding (which later had to be increased to 460 million PLN) for the construction of the new stadium according to the club's proposed design. In April 2008 the then President of Warsaw Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz issued a permit for the construction of the stadium. On 12 November 2008

1440-500: The club to finalize the project named Let’s built a monument for Deyna . There was a competition launched to design Deyna's monument. The winner was a project designed by Tomasz Radziewicz. The design was selected via an Internet poll , and many different actions have been undertaken by fans to raise money for this monument. The 3.2 m tall statue was cast from bronze and it is situated on a small illuminated socle . The official unveiling ceremony took place on 6 June 2012. Kazimierz Deyna

1500-495: The club's colours. The lower level of the stands is green, while the upper is a mix of three colors: green, white and red. There is a white inscription "LEGIA" on the east grandstand. The railings of the stadium are made of glass, which allows to comfortably watch the sport events. The railings are 130 cm high and 2 cm thick. They consist of double-layer glass shields, which may resist up to 200 kg per square meter. The stadium has two video screens . They are attached to

1560-413: The club's history. It was opened on October 23, 2010 - the 63rd anniversary of Kazimierz Deyna 's birth. The Sports Bar & Restaurant "Łazienkowska 3" is located within the north stand (under the famous " Żyleta "). The facility is open not only during the games but also during the week. Inside the restaurant, there are TV screens, where sports events are broadcast. It was opened on 7 August 2010 before

1620-455: The contemporary phase of architecture and its peculiarities cannot be said. For architects it is often not desirable to create replicas instead of creating something new. In this sense, every new building is "more historically accurate" because the destroyed objects were an expression of their own time. On the one hand, the "idea of a building" is the actual work of an architect and a reconstruction would represent an appreciation in this sense. On

1680-547: The demolition of all the stands and the construction of brand new ones, with only the historic façade of the main "Kryta" grandstand preserved. The stadium is commonly referred to as the "Nowy Stadion (New Stadium)" in its current form. The new stadium, designed by the German studio JSK Architekten, meets the criteria for the UEFA Elite class, which allows it to host semi-finals of the Champions League . The facility

1740-598: The destroyed areas were rebuilt. At the end of the 1950s, attendance records were set at the Stadium when Legia won the Polish championship and qualified for European cups. The first record, 40,000 spectators was set on 19 September 1956 during the European Cup match between Legia Warszawa and Slovan Bratislava. In the 1960s, the stadium underwent one of the most significant modernisations in its history, able to accommodate

1800-587: The diversity of reconstructive intentions and methods: Plans are also being made for reconstructing the Birgu Clock Tower , which was destroyed in 1942. [REDACTED] Media related to Reconstruction (architecture) at Wikimedia Commons Warsaw City Council Warsaw City Council , officially the Council of the Capital City of Warsaw ( Polish : Rada Miasta Stołecznego Warszawy )

1860-583: The end of World War II ). A specifically well-known example is the rebuilding of the historic city center of Warsaw after 1945. The Old Town and the Royal Castle had been badly damaged already at the outset of World War II. It was systematically razed to the ground by German troops after the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. The reconstruction of Warsaw's historic center (e.g., St. John's Cathedral , St. Kazimierz Church , Ujazdów Castle ) and, e.g.,

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1920-501: The first version nor the most splendid or most popular at the time, nor the last one that has been remembered. The Venice Charter of 1964 was an international guideline for dealing with the original building fabric for the preservation of monuments; it is the most important monument conservation text of the 20th century and defines central values and procedures for the conservation and restoration of monuments. Opponents of reconstruction often point out that rebuilding could contribute to

1980-439: The form, features, and detailing of a non-surviving site, landscape, building, structure, or object for the purpose of replicating its appearance at a specific period of time and in its historic location". There may be several reasons for the construction of a building or creation of a replica building or structure. Sometimes, it is the result of destruction of landmark monuments that is experienced as traumatic by inhabitants of

2040-415: The inaugural match against Arsenal F.C. The TV studio is located in the south-west corner of the stadium, on the second level of the stands. It is suitable for hosting various kinds of presentations and conferences . Within the studio, the stadiums operational centre is located, where the sound system , lighting and monitoring systems are managed. Inside the stadium there is a two-level car park. It

2100-445: The investor – the City of Warsaw – signed an agreement with a consortium Polimex - Mostostal for the construction works. On 17 November 2008 the first stage of the new stadium construction began. This stage provided for the demolition and construction of three stands: the southern, the eastern, and the northern one. Works began by the demolition of the club's old premises and of the eastern stand (the famous " Żyleta "). The first stage

2160-476: The land, which belonged to the military, effectively discouraged potential investors. The new hope came together with the new owners – Daewoo company, which bought the majority stake in Legia in the late 1996. The Korean club owners strongly lobbied the City of Warsaw to take over the property and invest in the new facility, however, the then owners of the site – the Military Property Agency –

2220-579: The mid-1990s, when Legia had one of the most successful periods in its history. Championship of Poland (1994, 1995), Polish Cup (1995, 1997), semi-final of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (1991) and the quarter-final of the UEFA Champions League (1996) strengthened the demand to modernize or even replace the old facility. Ultimately, however, until 1997 virtually nothing on this subject has been done. The complicated legal status of

2280-463: The most spontaneous and fanatical fans of the Legia Warsaw football club . Before the stadium's renovation (2008–2011), the “old” Żyleta referred only to the central section of the eastern stand of the stadium (occasionally, it would also refer to eastern stand as a whole). There is a special exhibition dedicated to the "old" Żyleta in the Legia club museum. Today, after the stadium renovation,

2340-412: The national team has played six matches at the stadium. Five of them were friendlies. 52°13′13.66″N 21°2′26.26″E  /  52.2204611°N 21.0406278°E  / 52.2204611; 21.0406278 Reconstruction (architecture) Reconstruction in architectural conservation is the returning of a place to a known earlier state by the introduction of new materials. It is related to

2400-582: The old town project of Datong, a city in the Ming style, or the restoration of the one in the cultural revolution destroyed sacred buildings. In the USA, too, the monument concept plays only a subordinate role today and relates much more to historic monuments that are significant in terms of time and culture than to those of architectural history. In a representative survey by the Forsa Institute on behalf of

2460-485: The other hand, every architect works in some way with the history of the building site. This reference to the previous buildings is to be seen as an appreciation, even if it is in explicit contrast. Building solutions by the architects of the historical compete with a new project. The fundamental question that remains is why something should be created again instead of a new building. Prominent individual examples of reconstruction projects and executions show that architecture

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2520-399: The other hand, to recreate old architecture. This consensus on what is contemporary is questioned by those in favor of reconstruction. From cultural and historical Critics see reconstruction as a phenomenon of the 19th and 20th centuries that had hardly any role models in history and is now outdated. Reconstruction can thus only be historically legitimized to a limited extent. On the other hand,

2580-469: The parking lots. The seats in the stadium are made from polypropylene . They are resistant to weather conditions and mechanical damage. A similar model is already used in Allianz Arena . The stadium has three categories of seats: the regular seats, press seats and VIP seats. Press seats have additional desktop space, power sockets and Internet access. Seat colours on the stadium is associated with

2640-446: The playing field has been slightly moved in a south-eastern direction. The stadium has four two-level stands. These are: the western stand (the main stand, commonly referred to as "Kryta"), the eastern stand (named after Kazimierz Deyna ), the northern stand (commonly referred to as " Żyleta ") and the southern stand (unofficially named after Lucjan Brychczy ). Within the first level of the southern, eastern and northern stands located are

2700-428: The principles that are not permitted today. However, it is precisely the free access to the formal language of all earlier epochs that is considered one of the essential features of historicism as seen in postmodernism. In a different sense, the reconstruction fulfils the demand for an answer to the needs of the time and in this sense is an expression of contemporary building activity. How later historical epochs will judge

2760-426: The question of the reconstruction of prominent urban locations in the context of the cityscape proves to be significantly more conflict-prone than is the case with remote buildings or in the open, for example with experimental or didactic reconstructions. Many reconstructions are new buildings with a historical façade design, but modern construction technology and with completely new uses. The original building fabric

2820-666: The rebuilding of numerous structures in Independence National Historical Park in Philadelphia, and Fort William Historical Park in Ontario, Canada. There are different approaches to reconstruction, which differ in the degree of fidelity to the original and in the sensitivity to implementation. In architecture, Georg Mörsch describes reconstruction as a "scientific method of extracting sources to rebuild things that have gone under, regardless of

2880-849: The region, such as through war, planning errors and politically motivated destruction, other times, merely the result of natural disaster. Examples include Yongdingmen (former Peking city gate temporarily sacrificed to traffic considerations), St Mark's Campanile in Venice (collapsed in 1902), House of the Blackheads (Riga), Iberian Gate and Chapel and the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow (destroyed by order of Joseph Stalin ), Dresden Frauenkirche and Semperoper in Dresden (bombed at

2940-652: The replica of the Stari Most built in Mostar ( Bosnia Herzegovina ) have met with official approval by UNESCO . Other times, reconstructions are made in the case of sites where the historic and cultural significance was not recognized until long after its destruction, common in North America, especially with respect to its early history. Examples include the reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia,

3000-422: The stadium's promenade allows for effective and multi-colored lighting of the outer parts of the stands and the roof structure. The stadium has four entrances, two on Łazienkowska Street and two on Kanał Piaseczyński. They lead to the promenade , from which the fans may access the stands. The promenade is located approximately 6 meters above street level. The promenade includes catering facilities and toilets. It

3060-458: The stadium. The stadium's lighting system is divided into several separate sections: lighting of the space under the grandstands, promenade illumination , spectator's stand lighting, and finally illumination of the pitch itself. The illumination of the pitch is 2000 lux (power 516 kW), which enables the transmission of matches in the HD technology . The illumination system located in front of

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3120-408: The steel elements of the roof structure in the north-west and south-east corners of the stadium. The screens are 5.4 m wide and 9.4 m high. Each of them weighs 7 tones. The entrance gates are equipped with SKIDATA Vario Gate reader. The stadium is one of the few arenas in the world to use this type of readers. The biggest advantage of this device is the ability to control various types of tickets (e.g.

3180-411: The term cityscape - as an architectural unit extending beyond the individual building - only came into the field of vision of architecture in the course of modernity. Proponents of the reconstruction, on the other hand, have little fear of contact with the harmonistic architectural conceptions of the 19th century and also point to the lasting popularity of the domes that were "then completed" according to

3240-474: The time that has passed since then". Regardless of what type of reconstruction is done, there are some recurring challenges and questions. Since the end of the Second World War, the reconstruction of buildings has been the subject of controversy, especially in cities destroyed by the war. In the public debate around reconstruction it is mostly assumed that historical or historicising architecture

3300-422: The traditional paper cards, magnetic cards, as well as MMS tickets in mobile phones.) The reader has a color screen, which may display messages to fans entering the venue. The same equipment is being installed in the parking lot, allowing the fans to move around the stadium with only one card. The club also plans to introduce a non-cash payment system, which will accelerate the speed of making various purchases around

3360-435: The transfiguration of the past. Reconstruction critics from the architectural profession and related professions assume that modern urban design and contemporary architecture are an expression of social identity that is continuously developing. According to this, it is important for a society to maintain its architecture, which meets its living conditions and needs and whose expression it is, through building projects, and not, on

3420-418: The “new” Żyleta means the whole northern stand of stadium (located behind the goal). Capacity of the stand is 7,477 spectators. Kazimierz Deyna monument is a statue dedicated to one of the most famous Legia players in the club history. The monument is located just in front of the entrance to the Żyleta stand in the north-east corner of the stadium. An official committee was founded by fans and people related to

3480-457: Was completed and taken over by the investor on 10 May 2010. The stadium was officially opened (with only three stands completed) by a match against Arsenal F.C. on 7 August 2010. The second stage of construction, which provided for the demolition and construction of the eastern stand (the main stand – so-called "Kryta") was completed and taken over by the investor on 10 May 2011. The most recent reconstruction, November 2008 to March 2011, involved

3540-478: Was not willing to sell the property. The deadlock existed for the next 5 years, during which time the Koreans sold the club. Eventually, the sale went through on 29 July 2002, when the City of Warsaw acquired the title to the land. Although the market value was estimated at 60 million PLN, the purchase price was agreed at 16 million PLN. In October 2004, Warsaw's chief architect Michał Borowski gave permission to build

3600-758: Was ranked third in the European Footballer of the Year list, behind Dutch great Johan Cruyff and West Germany captain Franz Beckenbauer . He died in a car accident in San Diego , California , aged just 41 in September 1989. In the past, the old Legia Stadium was used many times as a venue for the Poland national football team , especially during the 1930s and 1990s. Since the reconstruction,

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