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27-737: The State Rail Authority , a former statutory authority of the Government of New South Wales , operated and maintained railways in the Australian state of New South Wales from July 1980 until December 2003. The Transport Authorities Act 1980 separated the functions of the Public Transport Commission (formerly responsible for all public transport) and established the State Rail Authority. The State Rail Authority assumed responsibility for trains, while

54-668: A British style of parliamentary democracy such as the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth countries like Australia , Canada , India and New Zealand . They are also found in Israel and elsewhere. Statutory authorities may also be statutory corporations , if created as a body corporate . '. A statutory authority is a generic term for an authorisation by Parliament given to a person or group of people to exercise specific powers. A statutory authority can be established as

81-667: A blue and yellow scheme. On 1 July 1996, the State Rail Authority was restructured into four distinct entities by the Transport Administration Amendment (Rail Corporatisation and Restructuring) Act 1996 to separate infrastructure from operations as required by the Competition Policy Reform Act 1995 . This was part of the process of moving to an open access regime. The entities were: Another restructure in February 1998 saw

108-464: A corporate Commonwealth entity or a non-corporate Commonwealth entity. A statutory authority may also be a body within a Commonwealth entity, exercising the powers given by Parliament but administratively part of the entity." A statutory corporation is defined in the government glossary as a "statutory body that is a body corporate, including an entity created under section 87 of the PGPA Act" (i.e.

135-507: A joint venture to operate both the BCI mine and the railway connection to the port. As the larger player, Fortescue will run the show. The joint venture gives BC Iron inside information as to how much the railway and port will cost, while Fortescue gains inside information about the mine. In 2010, Mount Gibson Iron spent a total of 20 million dollars to upgrade the ore unloaded at Geraldton . The facility will be open to other users who will pay

162-571: A regulator. In time of flood and accident which puts a line out of order, compulsory trackage rights may be ordered in the public interest to keep traffic flowing, assuming that alternative routes exist. One of the problems faced by Open Access are fair prices. Consider the Iron Ore minnow BC Iron which seeks access to the Fortescue railway . (Fortescue has declared itself to be an open access operator). BC Iron and Fortescue agreed to set up

189-666: A statutory authority may be a statutory corporation). An earlier definition describes a statutory corporation as "a statutory authority that is a body corporate", and the New South Wales Government 's Land Registry Services defines a state-owned corporation as "a statutory authority that has corporate status". Statutory authorities at the State or Territory level are established under corresponding State or Territory laws. Each statutory authority tends to have its own enabling legislation, or originating act , even if it

216-471: A toll for such usage. The Oakajee port and railway network is also to be open access. In 2011, GVK has offered to make its proposed railway from the Galilee Basin to Abbot Point as open access to other players. In the telecommunications industry, open access to existing infrastructure, in the form of local loop unbundling , duct sharing , utility pole sharing, and fiber unbundling ,

243-438: Is in the public interest that access disputes be resolved in an efficient way, so that for example, profits are maximized and therefore income tax on those profits is also maximized. The potential for monopoly infrastructure to charge high fees and provide poor service has long been recognized. Monopolies are often inevitable because of high capital costs, with governments often imposing conditions, in exchange for approval of

270-659: The Western Mail to Dubbo and the Canberra Monaro Express to Cooma all ceased. After receiving the Booz Allen Hamilton report, the government released its response in July 1989 under the title CountryLink 2000 . It was announced the number of staff employed on country rail operations would fall from 18,000 to 10,000, including the withdrawal of staff from 94 country railway stations and

297-620: The Nyngan – Bourke , Queanbeyan – Cooma and Glen Innes – Wallangarra lines would close. Several country passenger services ceased over the next few years including the Silver City Comet , Northern Tablelands Express , Canberra XPT , Brisbane Limited , Pacific Coast Motorail , South Coast Daylight Express , Intercapital Daylight and Sydney/Melbourne Express . These were replaced either by XPT sets, EMU/DMU sets or coaches. Coach services which had been operated by

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324-586: The Pilbara region of Western Australia , two large mining companies operate their own private railway networks to bring iron ore from mines to the port. In 1999 North Limited made an application to access Rio Tinto's system, but Rio's takeover of North Limited meant that application was never fully tested. In 2004 Fortescue Metals Group launched a bid to have the Mount Newman railway owned by BHP Billiton declared for third party access. The owner of

351-618: The Urban Transit Authority responsibility for buses and ferries. In July 1982 a new colour scheme developed by Phil Belbin of red, yellow, orange and white was unveiled, which was commonly referred to as the "candy colours". The L7 logo used by the Public Transport Commission was retained, albeit with the dark and light blue replaced with red and orange. Around this time, they also gave playing cards and soap to passengers. During its tenure

378-588: The Federal Government advisory body, the National Competition Council, recommended that BHP Billiton's Goldsworthy railway and Rio Tinto's Hamersley & Robe River railway should be declared open access. Treasurer Wayne Swan was given 60 days to make a final decision based on this recommendation. On October 27 the three lines were declared with open access to apply from November 20, 2008. This will apply for 20 years under

405-565: The National Access Regime within the Trade Practices Act 1974 . The declaration does not give a right of access, but provides a third party with recourse if access terms cannot be negotiated with the infrastructure owner. A player seeking access to infrastructure would expect to pay several fees of a capital and operating kind. Hopefully, the cost of this is less than having to build separate infrastructure. It

432-528: The State Rail Authority completed a number of electrification projects: The State Rail Authority introduced new 80 Class , 81 Class and 86 Class locomotives used on both freight and country passenger services, K set , C set , Tangara , Millennium and V set double deck electric passenger trains and the XPT . It also placed an order for the 82 Class and 90 Class locomotives that were delivered to FreightRail in 1994. A fleet of Denning and Scania coaches

459-565: The State Rail Authority split into four operating divisions: In January 2001, the Rail Access Corporation and Railway Services Authority were merged into the Rail Infrastructure Corporation that took responsibility for ownership and maintenance of the infrastructure. In January 2004, after much criticism and public perceptions of blame shifting between units for operational failings, RailCorp

486-410: The State Rail Authority's own fleet were contracted out to private operators. The report had recommended closing all country passenger services as they were judged unviable, however this was not politically acceptable. The State Rail Authority was divided into business units: CityRail adopted a blue and yellow colour scheme including L7 logo, CountryLink a blue, white and grey scheme and FreightRail

513-432: The following areas; Open access (infrastructure) For example, private railways within a steel works are private and not available to outsiders. In the hypothetical case of the steelworks having a port or a railway to a distant mine, outsiders might want access to save having to incur a possibly large cost of building their own facility. The Marconi Company was a pioneer of long distance radio communication, which

540-487: The line claimed that they formed an integral part of the production process, and so should not be subject to completion requirements. When these mines started in the 1960s , state laws required the miners to make their infrastructure available to other players, but no application had been made. In the same region, the Fortescue Metals Group railway has been set up for open access for a fee. In June 2008

567-435: The project and for the granting of useful powers such as land resumption . Thus a canal might have its rates regulated, and be forbidden to operate canal boats on its own waters. Where there are many separate railways and one railway wishes to run trains off their own tracks onto the tracks of another, they may seek trackage rights from the other railway(s). This can be done by voluntary agreement, or by compulsory order of

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594-564: The same fashion as an act of parliament, but usually with specific initials (depending on the authority) and a number. Just as with laws enacted by Parliament, all laws made by a statutory authority must be published in the Government Gazette. The Parliament of Australia , or a State or Territory Parliament , will delegate its authority to a statutory authority for several reasons; The power to enact legislation has been delegated by Australian Parliaments (State and/or Federal) in

621-680: Was established before the relevant over-riding legislation. For example, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) was established in 1949 by the Science and Industry Research Act , but it has since come under the jurisdiction of the Commonwealth Authorities and Companies Act 1997 as legislation covering statutory authorities has evolved. Laws made by statutory authorities are usually referred to as regulations. They are not cited in

648-418: Was formed taking over the passenger train operations from the residual State Rail Authority (CityRail and CountryLink) and responsibility for maintaining the greater metropolitan network from the Rail Infrastructure Corporation . By June 2006 much of the operational function had been transferred, with the State Rail Authority in the process of being wound down. From September 1981 until June 1989, State Wide

675-539: Was particularly useful for ships at sea. Marconi was very protective about its costly infrastructure and refused—except for emergencies—to allow other radio companies to share its infrastructure. Even if the message sender was royalty, as in the Deutschland incident of 1902 , they continued to refuse access. Since radio communication was so new, it preceded laws, regulations and licenses, which might otherwise impose conditions to open infrastructure to other players. In

702-733: Was purchased to replace withdrawn country rail services. Following the election of the Greiner State Government in March 1988, consultants Booz Allen Hamilton were commissioned to prepare a report into NSW rail services. In November 1988, before the report was complete, the North Coast Overnight Express to Grafton , the Northern Mail to Moree and Tenterfield , the Bathurst day train,

729-578: Was the SRA's inhouse journal . [REDACTED] Media related to State Rail Authority of New South Wales at Wikimedia Commons Statutory authority A statutory body or statutory authority is a body set up by law ( statute ) that is authorised to implement certain legislation on behalf of the relevant country or state, sometimes by being empowered or delegated to set rules (for example regulations or statutory instruments ) in their field. They are typically found in countries which are governed by

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