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51-839: Compared with Ranging Rook, leaving the rook in its starting position on the 2nd file (8th file for Gote), or in that general area on the right side, can be a more natural idea for a strategy. Although the rook does move in strategies where it's placed on the 3rd file (7th for Gote), such as with Sleeve Rook , or on the 4th file (6th for Gote), such as with Right Fourth File Rook , these openings are still broadly classified as Static Rook, rather than Ranging. The castles mainly used in Double Static Rook games are Yagura (Fortress), Gangi (Snowroof), and Left Mino (often seen vs Ranging Rook as well). In games against Ranging Rook, rapid castles, such as boat and elmo , or sturdier castles, such as anaguma and millennium , are often used. For

102-619: A Floating Rook shape. It aims for a surprise edge attack on the ninth file with support from the floating rook if the Ranging Rook opponent uses a Mino castle . Kurukuru Bishop (クルクル角 kurukuru kaku ) is a Static Rook opening similar to the Iijima Bishop Pullback. It is characterized by not opening the bishop's diagonal with a pawn push and instead moving the bishop up to the player's left edge (B-9g for Black, B-1c for White). The player subsequently moves their up to

153-516: A Right Fortress castle, and so on. Certain castles are generally paired with certain openings . For example, if White is playing a Ranging Rook opening like Fourth File Rook , then White often uses a Mino (or related) castle on their right side of the board. A Fourth File Rook opening can be met with Black playing a Static Rook opening, which may often lead to Black building a Static Rook Bear-in-the-hole castle. The Fortress castle ( Japanese : 矢倉囲い , romanized :  yagura gakoi )

204-430: A castle development on the player's left side of board. In the adjacent diagram is an example of a castle built on the left side of the board paired with a Static Rook position. The castle is a Left Silver Crown Anaguma (with advanced edge pawn). Static Rook castles can be divided into two main categories: Double Static Rook castles and Counter-Ranging Rook castles. Different structures are required in these two cases since

255-577: A frontal assault, though it is weaker from the side. It is typically used against Static Rook openings that involve advancing the rook's pawn. However, one's opponent may just as easily adopt this defense, giving neither side an advantage. Although the Gold Fortress is the most common form of Fortress, there are many variations of Fortress. A Fortress may be developed into a Fortress Bear-in-the-hole castle. The Helmet or Headpiece ( Japanese : カブト , romanized :  kabuto ) castle

306-422: A silver is placed on the 67 square, the sixth file pawn must be pushed forward to 66. Thus, Snowroof positions are characterized by having a closed bishop diagonal just as in traditional Ranging Rook positions and Fortress positions played by Black. In Snowroof, the bishop may be kept in situ ( Japanese : 居角 , romanized :  ikaku ) on the 88 square. In this case, the 86 square is not defended allowing

357-500: A time, amateurs shied away from Static Rook, as there are many more jōseki lines to memorize when compared with the Ranging Rook, which almost always used a variant of the Mino Castle . However, entering into the 21st century, Ranging Rook has also seen a greater diversification of tactics, such as with Ranging Rook Bishop Exchange, Ranging Rook counter-attacks, and even the appearance of Double Ranging Rook, which has largely closed

408-451: A version of the Mino castle called Left Mino and the Ranging Rook player might build a version of anaguma, known as Ranging Rook anaguma . One of the most prominent features of a Static Rook position is pushing the pawn directly above the rook forward. In even games, this forward marching rook pawn (飛車先 hisha saki ) bears down directly on the opponent's bishop, which in the initial position

459-458: A very hard castle, a variant of a Left Mino castle with an extra dragon and gold reinforcement that was created after an aborted attempt at making an Bear-in-the-hole castle. She used this castle in a Static Rook Counter-Ranging Rook position (that is, her rook remained in its starting position in the opening ). Her opponent, Fusako Ajiki (White) was using an Incomplete Mino castle (on the right side of her board) that has been attacked forcing

510-566: A wide variety of forms that are dependent upon the specific opening used. Some openings like Fortress and Bishop Exchange openings have the king moved leftward away from the rook in compact castles while openings like Double Wing Attack and Side Pawn Capture have rather minimal castle formations with much less king safety in a trade off of defending wider areas within the Static Rook side's camp in order to defend against future piece drops. Iijima Bishop Pullback (飯島流引き角 Iijima-ryuu hiki kaku )

561-435: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Castle (shogi)#Boat In shogi , castles ( Japanese : 囲い , romanized :  kakoi ) are strong defensive configurations of pieces that protect the king ( Japanese : 玉 ). In contrast to the special castling move in western chess , shogi castles are structures that require making multiple individual moves with more than one piece. Usually

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612-434: Is a Static Rook opening used against a Ranging Rook opponent. It is characterized by not opening the bishop's diagonal and instead moving the bishop down (to 3a if played by White or 7i if played by Black) so that it can then exit one's camp via the central file. Takishita's Spread Golds (滝下流対振り飛車金開き takishita-ryū tai furibisha kinbiraki ) is a Counter-Ranging Rook trap opening that uses a Central House castle along with

663-400: Is a castle characterized by the king being one rank above a sitting king position, that is, in the case of Black the king is moved to 58. While the positions of golds and silvers are not particularly fixed, the golds are often moved to 78 and 38, while the silvers are often moved to 68, 48 or 38. Putting more emphasis on a wide defense than on solidness, the goal of the player using this castle

714-496: Is a castle that used to be built by the computer shogi engine Bonanza. It has some similarities with the Incomplete Fortress castle. Snowroof (also Snow Roof Fortress or Zigzag , Japanese : 雁木 , romanized :  gangi ) castle has the left silver positioned on 67 and the two golds positioned on 78 and 58. Typically, the right silver is also moved up to 57 as well making a four general castle. Since

765-486: Is a recent variant that positions the right silver on 47 instead of the usual 57. This allows the possibility of moving the silver to the 56 square in a Reclining Silver position. The silver horns name comes from the similar positioning of the two silvers on rank 7 flanking the central file on the sixth and fourth file that is found in the Central Rook Silver Horns variation. The horns metaphor

816-590: Is a structure often used to protect the king while playing a Reclining Silver strategy usually in combination with a Bishop Exchange opening. The Helmet castle is structurally related to the Fortress castle and is also known as the Helmet Fortress ( カブト矢倉 or Japanese : 兜矢倉 , romanized :  kabuto yagura ). If bishops have already been exchanged, then the silver that originated at 79 will have moved up to 77 via 88. And, for Reclining Silver,

867-426: Is a variant of Climbing Silver that attempts to use only a silver, rook, and pawn to attack. It is called primitive since such a simple strategy will not be successful if defended against properly. Reclining Silver (腰掛け銀 koshikake gin ) is a formation in which a player's right silver has advanced to the front of their camp on the middle 5th file and has an advanced pawn on the silver's right and pawn directly under

918-467: Is considered by many to be the strongest defensive position in shogi in Double Static Rook games. A common Fortress structure is the Gold Fortress ( Japanese : 金矢倉 , romanized :  kin yagura ). It has a strongly protected king; a well-fortified line of pawns; and the bishop, rook, and a pawn all support a later attack by the rook's silver or knight. It is difficult to break down with

969-408: Is describing the way the two silvers extend out from the corners of the gold positioned on the 58 square. Right King (右玉 migi gyoku ) Yoshiharu Habu (White) used a Right King castle in a 2016 Ōi tournament game on September 12 against opponent Kazuki Kimura (Black). The opening was Bishop Exchange Double Reclining Silver . Although Habu had initially moved his king leftwards to

1020-495: Is less flexible compared to a Central House castle, thanks to its having a gold in the 1st. rank it is strong against both rook drops and knight attacks. Moreover, because it is easy to build up Nakahara thought it would be safe to presume that its use would become widespread. In recent years attention has been paid to its use for sente (black) in Side-Pawn Capture openings, and some research has been conducted about

1071-563: Is moved one square to the left behind the middle silver. The crab name comes from the way the king at 69 can only move from side to side (79, 59). The Crab castle is used in Static Rook positions and also appears in handicap game positions played by Black (such as the 2-Piece handicap ). Furthermore, it may be possible to utilize the Crab castle in a Ranging Rook position in Double Ranging Rook games. When playing

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1122-475: Is moved to the third file if played by Black or the seventh file if played by White. Aside from being its own opening, a Sleeve Rook formation is used in some variations of several different openings. For instance, there are Sleeve Rook variations of the Double Fortress and of different Static Rook vs Ranging Rook openings. The Sleeve Rook opening is one of the oldest shogi openings appearing around

1173-493: Is nowadays used almost exclusively by gote (white), particularly as this castle is played often along with the R-85 variation of Side Pawn Capture . The typical configuration involves S-22, G-32, K-41, G-51, and S-62. Although feeble in appearance, the main characteristic of this castle is that as the formation is low the king has plenty of routes to escape from attacks coming from right or left. While according to Nakahara this castle

1224-681: Is the N-33 variation of the Side Pawn Capture opening. Nakahara castle ( Japanese : 中原囲い , romanized :  Nakahara gakoi ) The castle is named after Makoto Nakahara , for which he won the Kōzō Masuda Award in 1996. The Nakahara castle was originally part of the Nakahara Double Wing Attack , and consisted simply of the silver moving up from its initial position. Since the obtained position with

1275-584: Is to prevent the opponent from dropping pieces into their camp. Usually the player is also aiming for the same goal of dropping into the opponent's promotion zone. Therefore, the castle is often used Double Wing Attack openings and in the Aerial Battle variation of the Side Pawn Capture opening. In some rare cases, it is also used with Fortress openings and Double Ranging Rook as well as other uncommon openings (such as Takishita's Spread Golds opening). It's considered to be weak against attacks from above

1326-510: Is typically regarded negatively. However, there are a few strategies (often involving early attacks) that allow a sitting king (such as the Ureshino opening ). There are many types of castles and variations on those types which can be used, but it is important to understand which ones are useful in the current situation and how to compensate for their weak points. As an example from a professional game, Shino Kumakura (Black, on bottom) used

1377-405: Is undefended. When faced with this rook pawn push, the Static Rook's opponent must prevent this pawn from breaking through their camp by developing a piece to defend this file. In addition, the opponent must decide whether to allow the Static Rook player to exchange this rook pawn off the board or to prevent this pawn exchange from happening. The Rook pawn exchange. G-32. S-32. Preventing

1428-489: The Fortress opening , a Crab castle is usually constructed as a strong intermediate castle in the development of a Fortress castle. In these positions, the three pawns above the castle generals are advanced with the bishop in its start positions and the right silver is developed to the 48 square adjacent to the other generals so that the pieces are lined up as 角金銀金銀 bishop-gold-silver-gold-silver. The Bonanza castle (ボナンザ)

1479-628: The 42 square earlier in the game, he later moved his king rightwards (K-52, K-61, K-72) to form a Right King position. Additionally, his left silver that was earlier on the 33 square has moved after a pawn trade on the fourth file to the 53 square (via S-44) further strengthening the Right King castle. Kimura is using a Gold Fortress castle with his king on the 79 square. Black's Silver Horns Snowroof Right King Black's Silver Horns Snowroof Right King 48-Gold variant Central House (shogi) ( Japanese : 中住まい , romanized :  nakazumai )

1530-425: The Ranging Rook side has swung their rook to. In the case of a slow game, the main focus will be less a matter of the attack and more a matter of the castle strength of either side, and the opening will be defined strictly by defensive tactics. Both the Static Rook and Ranging Rook sides move their kings away from their rooks to castle (Static Rook castles to the left, Ranging Rook castles to the right). In general, as

1581-511: The Rook pawn exchange. P-34, B-33. P-14, B-13. P-34, S-32/S-42, S-33 (P-34) R-22. ii. Lx1e   P*1c The Climbing Silver (棒銀 bōgin ) attack involves advancing a silver upward along with an advanced or dropped pawn supported by the rook aiming to break through the opponent's camp on their bishop's side. In the board diagram here, the Black's silver has successfully climbed to

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1632-522: The Snowroof player's bishop may be traded off if the opponent pulls their bishop back to attack along the 31–97 diagonal. Thus, the Snowroof player must weigh the pros and cons of a rook pawn trade vs a bishop trade. Yet another common possibility has the bishop moving B-77, B-59 aiming for a position on the 37 or 25 squares so that it may be utilized on these diagonals. Silver Horns Snowroof ( Japanese : ツノ銀雁木 , romanized :  tsuno gin gangi )

1683-418: The attack patterns of the player's opponent differ. In Double Static Rook openings, a Static Rook player's king is initially threatened from above by the opponent's rook which has remained on its starting square. In Counter-Ranging Rook openings, the Static Rook king is initially threatened from the king's right side and/or obliquely from the king's right upper corner. Castles in Double Static Rook openings have

1734-632: The common Bishop Exchange is categorized separately from the Tempo Loss Bishop Exchange , and the Gangi castle , which has been popular in recent years, was included in its own category. To simplify, examples of the four main lines are as follows. From any of these positions, a variety of different tactics may develop. In a Double Static Rook opening, there is no clear advantage to Sente nor Gote, and there are strategies that can be adopted by either position. In Yagura or Bishop Exchange,

1785-473: The e rank on the first file (1e). A subsequent attack by Black, for example, could aim to sacrifice this silver in order to remove White's lance and then drop a dangling pawn within White's camp that threatens to promote. Climbing Silver formations may be used with several different Static Rook openings such as Fortress , Double Wing , and Bishop Exchange . Primitive Climbing Silver (原始棒銀 genshi bōgin )

1836-546: The first rank and moving it to the left-side, and so on. In Double Static Rook games (相居飛車, ai ibisha ), it is common for both players to try and keep pace with their opponent as they develop their pieces during the opening, and avoid moves that would result in a disadvantage. The main lines of this kind of game can be categorized into Yagura , Bishop Exchange , Double Wing Attack , and Side Pawn Picker , but there are many variations that these could be sub-divided into. It could be said that there are actually six main lines, if

1887-407: The gap between difficulty curves. Further, between professionals, there is less of a distinction between Static Rook and Ranging Rook players, and the number of all-rounders are growing. In recent years, the traditional view of "Static Rook Patterns" and "Ranging Rook Patterns" have been overwritten by the growing popularity of unconventional playstyles, such as right-side king, pulling the rook back to

1938-459: The gold at 59 and the king at 69 resembled old-style Double Attack, Nakahara asked Yasujirō Kon, the teacher of his own teacher (Toshio Takayanagi), to teach him the basics of it. With this knowledge, Nakahara went on to apply it to modern strategy. A similar castle has been since discovered in an early game during the Edo period. While Nakahara developed it originally as a castle for sente (black), it

1989-484: The king is normally kept near the center so that the entire camp can be quickly defended, and the Central House formation is often used. In games against Ranging Rook , the Static Rook side may choose to stick with a simple castle and immediately initiate a rapid attack or take the time to build up a stronger castle and play a slow game. In the case of a rapid attack, the opening will vary depending on which file

2040-480: The king's position. It used to be a popular castle among non-professional players playing "bench" shogi in the streets. This castle is also called Spread Golds ( Japanese : 金開き , romanized :  kinbiraki ), which is also another name for the Duck castle. A Kōji Tanigawa vs Kenji Waki game in an All Nihon Pro tournament from August 1993 shows Tanigawa (Black) using a Central House castle. The opening

2091-555: The king, the rook ( Japanese : 飛 ), a silver, and two golds for a total of six moves. Others such as the Static Rook Bear-in-the-hole castle are more complex, which requires moving the king, a pawn, the bishop ( Japanese : 角 ), a lance ( Japanese : 香 ), a silver, and two golds for a total of twelve moves. The lack of a castle and with the king in its start position is known by the term sitting king ( Japanese : 居玉 , romanized :  igyoku ), which

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2142-399: The middle e rank and then down to central file (B-7e ... B-5g for Black, B-3e ... B-5c for White.) The player can then castle their king leftwards into a Left Mino. YouTube: HIDETCHI's Shogi Openings: Sleeve Rook In shogi , Sleeve Rook (袖飛車 sodebisha, also translated as Right Third File Rook, Sideways Rook or Sidestepped Rook ) is a Static Rook opening in which the rook

2193-536: The opponent to trade off rook pawns at any time in contrast to the Fortress castle and the Helmet castle (used in Bishop Exchange openings). If the eighth file pawn trade happens, the side pawn on 76 cannot be captured as it is defended by the 67-silver. Alternately, the bishop may be moved up to 77 so that it defends 86 preventing the eighth file pawn trade. However, once the bishop is on the 95–59 diagonal, then

2244-436: The opponent's rook will be attacking from the side, both sides will build a castle shape that can withstand an attack from the side. For the Static Rook side, popular choices would be the quick but less sturdy boat castle for a rapid attack game, and the slower but sturdier anaguma for a slow game. For the Ranging Rook side, the quick and sturdy Mino castle is mainly used. Otherwise, the Static Rook player may choose to build

2295-431: The pieces involved in constructing castles are golds ( Japanese : 金 ), silvers ( Japanese : 銀 ), and pawns ( Japanese : 歩 ). Typically, they also require moving the king from its starting position – often to the left or right side of the board. The simplest castle involves two pieces and requires three moves, but it is more common to move at least three different pieces. For example, a simple Mino castle requires moving

2346-404: The right silver that originated at 39 will have reached the central file at 56 (through 38 and 47) with pawn on the fourth file moving up to 46 to make way for the silver. The Crab castle ( Japanese : カニ囲い , romanized :  kanigakoi ) three generals 金銀金 gold-silver-gold lined up next to each other on rank 8 (or rank 2 for White) starting from the sixth to the central file. The king

2397-498: The same time as the Black's Static Rook vs White's Traditional Ranging Rook type of openings and the Wrong Diagonal Bishop (thus predating other old openings such as Fortress , etc). The adjacent diagram shows a game from 1614 between Sansa Hon'inbō (Black) and Sōkei Ōhashi I (White), the first Meijin . Hon'inbō is playing a Sleeve Rook position against Ōhashi's Static Rook. This shogi-related article

2448-506: The silver and gold are lined up vertically to create a strong defense to stop the incoming rook from advancing. When playing with the yagura system it is common to build a yagura castle up on the left side and then move the king into this safer position. On the other hand, Double Wing Attack and Side Pawn Picker largely forego this defense in order to begin a rapid attack, freeing up both rooks to run around in any direction and attack from different locations. To be able to respond to these attacks,

2499-427: The silver previously on 72 to move to 61. Ajiki's castle was used (as is typical) with Fourth File Rook , a type of Ranging Rook position. There are piece development relations between castles. For instance, a basic Mino castle can be developed into a Silver Crown castle, a Gold Fortress castle can be developed into a Complete Fortress castle, a Boat castle into a Bear-in-the-hole castle, a Gold Excelsior castle into

2550-558: The silver. The reclining name is meant to describe the way this silver rests on these two pawns as if it were seated on them. In the board diagram, both Black and White have created Reclining Silver positions. Black has their silver on 5f (with pawns on 4f and 5g) while White has their silver on 5d (pawns on 5c, 6d). Reclining Silver can often be played as a component of different Static Rook openings such as Double Wing or Bishop Exchange. (However, it can also be played in Double Ranging Rook games.) Most Static Rook openings coincide with

2601-509: The solidness of the king, and following this research the Right Nakahara variation, where the position of the pieces on left and right of the king are reversed, has become rarely used. Duck or Duck Legs (アヒル ahiru ) or Spread Golds ( Japanese : 金開き , romanized :  kinbiraki ) is a Static Rook castle used in the surprise Duck opening . Paperweight castle ( Japanese : 文鎮囲い , romanized :  bunchingakoi )

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