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51-558: The municipality covers an area of 831 square kilometres (321 sq mi) around the towns of Stellenbosch and Franschhoek . To the west and southwest it extends as far as the urban edge of the Cape Town metropolitan area, while to the east and southeast it is bounded by mountain ranges. The western part of the municipality around Stellenbosch and the eastern part in the Franschhoek valley are separated by mountains through which

102-544: A Grade 12 education. Of those aged between 5 and 25, 70.0% were attending an educational institution. Amongst those aged between 15 and 65 the unemployment rate was 15.1%. The average annual household income was R 154,617. There were 43,420 households in the municipality, giving an average household size of 3.3 people. Of those households, 75.1% were in formal structures (houses or flats ), while 22.9% were in informal structures ( shacks ). 92.9% of households used electricity for lighting. 80.5% of households had piped water to

153-555: A north–south direction. The municipality currently uses a badge consisting of a fleur de lis and a cross issuing from a stylised bunch of grapes . In the past, the various local authorities used coats of arms. South African municipal election, 2000 Municipal elections were held in South Africa on 5 December 2000 to elect members to the local governing councils in the municipalities of South Africa . The ruling African National Congress (ANC) had grown its support in

204-689: A permanent basis, such as the Springbok Sevens and Western Province. It is also the home base of professional football club Stellenbosch FC who compete in the DStv Premiership . The Stellenbosch, Paarl and Franschhoek valleys form the Cape Winelands , the larger of the two main wine growing regions in South Africa. The South African wine industry produces about 1,000,000,000 litres of wine annually. Stellenbosch

255-618: A rural area to the southeast of Brackenfell was removed from the City of Cape Town and added to Stellenbosch Municipality. According to the South African National Census of 2011 , the population of the Stellenbosch Municipality was 155,733. This represents an annual growth rate of 2.7% compared to the result of the previous census in 2001 which found a population of 118,709 people. The sex ratio

306-601: A single political party where respective NNP and DP members would contest subsequent elections as candidates of the Democratic Alliance (DA). The popular vote, obtained by adding the ward ballots and the municipal proportional representation ballots, were as follows: The ANC won 5 of the 6 metros while the DA won one. Out of 200 seats, the DA won a majority of 107 seats while the ANC won 77 seats. Six smaller parties won

357-444: A wide range of soils in the area, from light, sandy soils to decomposed granite. Stellenbosch Cabernet Sauvignon is beginning to get a good reputation as a fine wine. Stellenbosch University is one of South Africa's leading universities . This institution has a rich history dating back to 1863 and has 10 faculties , including Engineering , Commerce , Science and Arts . The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

408-661: Is 53 km (33 mi) east of Cape Town via National Route N1 . Stellenbosch is in a hilly region of the Cape Winelands , and is sheltered in a valley at an average elevation of 136 m (446 ft), flanked on the west by Papegaaiberg ( Afrikaans : Parrot Mountain ), which is actually a hill. To the south is Stellenbosch Mountain ; to the east and southeast are the Jonkershoek , Drakenstein , and Simonsberg mountains. Die Tweeling Pieke ( Afrikaans : The Twin Peaks ) has an elevation of 1,494 m (4,902 ft);

459-594: Is Franschhoek with 15,616 residents. Klapmuts (pop. 7,703) is situated on the northern edge of the municipality next to the N1 national road . In the Helshoogte Pass between Stellenbosch and Franschhoek are the villages of Pniel (pop. 1,975), Kylemore (pop. 4,328) and Languedoc (pop. 4,289). Other rural settlements in the municipality are Jamestown (pop. 2,840), Koelenhof (pop. 302), Lynedoch (pop. 108), Raithby (pop. 908) and Wiesiesdraai (pop. 1,727). At

510-607: Is in the process of introducing more English centered undergraduate courses following mass protest by the student body. The university council with the concurrence of the senate approved a new language policy on 22 June 2016 for implementation from 1 January 2017. Since the campuses are situated in the Western Cape, the university has committed to introducing multilingualism by using the province’s three official languages, namely Afrikaans , English and isiXhosa . Primary Schools Secondary Schools Stellenbosch lies on

561-568: Is the only university department in the southern hemisphere which has successfully built a communications satellite Sunsat which was launched in 2000 and orbited the Earth for three years. The University currently has about 29,000 students. White students in 2014, namely 18,636, constitute 63.4% of all students enrolled. Although the official language of the university is Afrikaans , most post-graduate courses are presented in English . The university

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612-467: Is the primary location for viticulture and viticulture research. Professor Perold was the first Professor of Viticulture at Stellenbosch University. The Stellenbosch Wine Route established in 1971 by Frans Malan from Simonsig, Spatz Sperling from Delheim, Neil Joubert from Spier and David van Velden from Overgaauw, known as Stellenbosch American Express® Wine Routes since 2002, is a world-renowned and popular tourist destination. This route provides visitors

663-601: The 1999 general election to 66.35% from 62.65% five years earlier . The New National Party (NNP), the successor to the National Party , had declined from being the largest opposition party to becoming the fourth largest party in the National Assembly while Tony Leon's Democratic Party (DP) had grown considerably to become the official opposition. An agreement was reached between the NNP and DP to merge into

714-476: The 2016 local government elections , the DA increased their majority in the council to thirty seats. Gesie van Deventer of the DA was elected as the new mayor. Stellenbosch Stellenbosch ( / ˈ s t ɛ l ə n b ɒ s / ; Afrikaans: [ˈstælənˌbɔs] ) is a town in the Western Cape province of South Africa , situated about 50 kilometres (31 miles) east of Cape Town , along

765-837: The Helshoogte Pass travels. The Stellenbosch Municipality abuts on the Drakenstein Municipality to the north, the Breede Valley Municipality to the northeast, the Theewaterskloof Municipality to the southeast and the City of Cape Town to the west and southwest. About half of the residents of the municipality live in Stellenbosch and its suburbs, which have a total population of 77,476. The second-largest town

816-521: The 20s. Stellenbosch is home to several corporate headquarters of large and small companies including major South African bank, Capitec Bank , fast-food chain, Hungry Lion, major dairy products group Lactalis South Africa, major private hospital group, Mediclinic International and investment holding company, Remgro . Stellenbosch is a warm-weather training venue for cyclists, track and field squads, and triathletes. The Stellenbosch Sports Academy opened its doors in 2012 and hosts several rugby teams on

867-524: The Cape Flats to explore the territory towards what is now known as Stellenbosch. The town grew so quickly that it became an independent local authority in 1682 and the seat of a magistrate with jurisdiction over 25,000 square kilometers (9,700 sq mi) in 1685. The Dutch were skilled in hydraulic engineering and they devised a system of furrows to direct water from the Eerste River in

918-1107: The Internet (either through a computer or a cellphone). The Hon Alan Winde MMP The Seventh Provincial Parliament Speaker Daylin Mitchell MMP Deputy Speaker Reagan Allen MMP Chief Whip of the Majority Party Gillon Bosman MMP Leader of the Opposition Khalid Sayed MMP Chief Whip of the Official Opposition Ayanda Bans MMP Municipal: The municipal council consists of forty-five members elected by mixed-member proportional representation . Twenty-three councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in twenty-three wards , while

969-644: The Muldersvlei rail branch of the Northern Line operated by Metrorail Western Cape commuter rail system which connects Stellenbosch with Cape Town to the west via Eersterivier , Kuilsrivier and Bellville . Stellenbosch has two railway stations including its main railway station, Stellenbosch Railway Station to the east of the CBD along the R310 Adam Tas Road and Du Toit Railway Station to

1020-918: The Pniel Management Board was replaced by the Pniel TLC. In February 1995 the Stellenbosch TLC was established, replacing the Stellenbosch Municipality, the Kayamandi Town Council, and the management committees of Idas Valley/Cloetesville, Johannesdal, Kylemore and Klapmuts South. In the same month the Franschhoek TLC replaced the Municipality for the Area of Franschhoek, and the Western Cape RSC

1071-835: The TLCs on the District Council; the area that was to become Stellenbosch Municipality included the Stellenbosch TRC and part of the Paarl TRC. At the local elections of December 2000 the TLCs and TRCs were dissolved and the Stellenbosch Municipality was established as a single local authority. At the same election the Winelands District Council was also dissolved and replaced by the Boland District Municipality . In 2006

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1122-703: The banks of the Eerste River at the foot of the Stellenbosch Mountain . The town became known as the City of Oaks or Eikestad in Afrikaans and Dutch due to the large number of oak trees that were planted by its founder, Simon van der Stel , to grace the streets and homesteads. Stellenbosch is a popular tourist destination due to its history as the second oldest town in South Africa (dating back to 1679), its many historic buildings that are typical of Cape Dutch architecture , its location in

1173-562: The centre of many famous wine farms, as well as its variety of cafes, restaurants, boutiques and art galleries. The town is home to Stellenbosch University , one of South Africa's oldest universities, whose campus and buildings occupies large swathes of the town centre. Stellenbosch also has a modern science park, Technopark , situated on the southern side of the town, which serves as a base for many large companies and startups, including Capitec Bank (South Africa's second largest retail bank). Stellenbosch has its own municipality (incorporating

1224-413: The dwelling, while 18.6% had piped water through a communal tap. 89.4% of households had regular refuse collection service. 91.7% of households had a flush or chemical toilet , while 2.6% used a bucket toilet. 81.1% of households had a refrigerator , 83.0% had a television and 67.6% had a radio. Only 25.9% had a landline telephone, but 89.2% had a cellphone. 37.7% had a computer, and 45.3% had access to

1275-516: The end of the apartheid era, the area that is today the Stellenbosch Municipality formed part of the Western Cape Regional Services Council (RSC). The towns of Stellenbosch and Franschhoek were governed by municipal councils elected by their white residents. The coloured residents of Idas Valley and Cloetesville (Stellenbosch) and Groendal (Franschhoek) were governed by management committees subordinate to

1326-583: The highest point is Victoria Peak 1,590 m (5,220 ft). Jonkershoek Nature Reserve lies about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Stellenbosch, and the Helderberg Nature Reserve is about 23 km (14 mi) south via provincial route R44 . Just south of the Helderberg Nature Reserve is Strand , a seaside resort town . The soils of Stellenbosch range from dark alluvium to clay . This, combined with

1377-620: The intersection with the R310 just outside Stellenbosch connects the town with Kuilsrivier and the Cape Town International Airport to the west. The M23 (Bottelary Road) which begins at the intersection with the R304 just outside Stellenbosch connects the town with Kuilsrivier, Brackenfell and Bellville to the north-west. Bird Street is the main street through Stellenbosch Central stretching for about 2 kilometres in

1428-399: The mayor, deputy mayor and speaker Gordon Pheiffer of the ANC. Cyril Jooste of the DA became the new mayor, and Mcako and Pheiffer both resigned. In the 2011 local government elections voters handed the DA an outright majority of twenty-five seats on the council, resulting in the first stable municipal council in more than a decade. Conrad Sidego of the DA was appointed the new mayor. In

1479-548: The neighbouring towns of Pniel and Franschhoek ), adjoining the metropolitan area of the City of Cape Town . In 1899 Louis Péringuey discovered Paleolithic stone tools of the Acheulean type at a site named Bosman's Crossing near the Adam Tas Bridge at the western entrance to Stellenbosch. This indicates that human habitation of the area dates as far back as 1 million years. By 10,000 to 20,000 years ago

1530-526: The non-racial Municipality for the Area of Franschhoek in September 1992. After the national elections of 1994 a process of local government transformation began, in which negotiations were held between the existing local authorities, political parties, and local community organisations. As a result of these negotiations, the existing local authorities were dissolved and transitional local councils (TLCs) were created for each town and village. In January 1995

1581-453: The north and Somerset West to the south. The R304 (Bird Street; Koelenhof Road) connects Stellenbosch with Klipheuwel and Atlantis to the north-west. The R310 (Adams Tas Street; Helshoogte Road) connects Stellenbosch with Franschhoek to the east and Muizenberg to the south-west. Stellenbosch is also served by two metropolitan routes linking it to nearby towns in the City of Cape Town . The M12 (Polkadraai Road) which begins at

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1632-677: The north of the CBD in Plankenbrug. Stellenbosch is not directly linked to any major freeway or highway, however it is connected to the N1 (to Cape Town and Paarl ) via the R44 and R304, the N2 (to Cape Town and George ) via the R44 and R310 and the R300 (to Bellville and Mitchells Plain ) via the M12. The R44 (Adam Tas Street; Strand Road) connects Stellenbosch with Klapmuts and Wellington to

1683-476: The opportunity to experience a wide range of cultivars and includes farms such as Warwick and JC Le Roux. The region has a Mediterranean climate with hot dry summers and cool wet winters. Stellenbosch lies at the foot of the Cape Fold mountain range, which provides soil favourable to viticulture . Grapes grown in this area are mainly used for wine production, as opposed to table grapes . The region possesses

1734-589: The population, assumed to have been ancestors of the San people, were established in the area. The town was founded in 1679 by the Governor of the Cape Colony , Simon van der Stel , who named it after himself – Stellenbosch means "(van der) Stel's Bush". It is situated on the banks of the Eerste River ("First River"), so named as it was the first new river he reached and followed when he went on an expedition over

1785-418: The remaining 11 seats. Out of 200 seats, the ANC won a plurality of 95 seats while the DA won 53 seats. The IFP won 35 seats, and an independent candidate won a seat. Six political parties won the remaining 17 seats. Out of 108 seats, the ANC won a majority of 72 seats while the DA won 31 seats. The remaining five seats were won by four political parties. This South African elections -related article

1836-437: The remaining 16 seats. Out of 175 seats, the ANC won a majority of 99 seats while the DA won 55 seats. The remaining 21 seats were won by 10 parties. Out of 217 seats, the ANC won a majority of 128 seats while the DA won 73 seats. The remaining 16 seats were won by seven parties. Out of 152 seats, the ANC won a majority of 86 seats while the DA won 54 seats. An independent candidate won a seat while seven political parties won

1887-539: The remaining twenty-two are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the 2021 local government elections , the Democratic Alliance (DA) received a majority of twenty-eight seats on the council. The following table shows the results of the 2021 election. In the local government elections of 2000 , the Democratic Alliance came to power in Stellenbosch. The administration

1938-482: The time of the 2011 census , the population of the urban area of Stellenbosch was 77,476, living in 23,730 households, in an area of 20.9 square kilometres (8.1 sq mi). Roughly 63.8% of the residents spoke Afrikaans as their home language , 19.6% spoke isiXhosa , and 6.8% spoke English . 28.1% of the population identified themselves as Black African , 52.2% as Coloured (racially mixed), and 18.5% as White . The Stellenbosch Municipality extends beyond

1989-507: The town began in earnest in 1859 with the opening of a seminary for the Dutch Reformed Church. Rhenish Girls' High School , established in 1860, is the oldest school for girls in South Africa. A gymnasium , known as het Stellenbossche Gymnasium , was established in 1866. In 1874 some higher classes became Victoria College and then in 1918 University of Stellenbosch . The first men's hostel to be established in Stellenbosch

2040-457: The town of Stellenbosch itself to include rural areas, villages, and the town of Franschhoek . At the time of the 2011 census, the municipal population was 155,728, while by 2016 it was estimated to be 173,197. In 2017, the municipality estimated that the population in 2018 would increase to 176,523. The 1936 census recorded a total population of 8,782 residents with 3,558 of them recorded as Coloured and 4,995 recorded as White. Stellenbosch

2091-513: The town, including the first church, all the Company property and twelve houses. Only two or three houses were left standing. When the church was rebuilt in 1723 it was located on what was then the outskirts of the town, to prevent a similar incident from destroying it again. This church has been enlarged a number of times since 1723 and is currently known as the "Moederkerk" (Mother Church). The first school had been opened in 1683, but education in

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2142-646: The two councillors from the Kayamandi Community Alliance (KCA) to take control of the council in April 2008. Patrick Swartz of the KCA was elected mayor while Cameron Mcako of the ANC became deputy mayor. After serious allegations of fraud by councillors surfaced, Myra Linders once again used her swing vote to topple the administration in December 2009 by supporting a DA-led motion of no-confidence in

2193-473: The vicinity of Thibault Street through the town along van Riebeeck Street to Mill Street where a mill was erected. Early visitors commented on the oak trees and gardens. During 1690 some Huguenot refugees settled in Stellenbosch, grapes were planted in the fertile valleys around Stellenbosch and soon it became the centre of the South African wine industry. In 1710 a fire destroyed most of

2244-471: The well-drained, hilly terrain and Mediterranean climate , prove excellent for viticulture . Summers are dry and warm to hot, with some February and March days rising to over 40 °C (104 °F). Winters are cool, rainy and sometimes quite windy, with daytime temperatures averaging 16 °C (61 °F). Snow is usually seen a couple of times in winter on the surrounding mountains. Spring and autumn are colder seasons, when daytime temperatures hover in

2295-749: The white councils; those resident in Johannesdal , Kylemore and Klapmuts South by management committees subordinate to the RSC. Kayamandi was governed by a town council established under the Black Local Authorities Act, 1982 . The former mission station of Pniel was governed by a board of management. While the negotiations to end apartheid were taking place a process was established for local authorities to agree on voluntary mergers. The Franschhoek Municipality and Groendal Management Committee took part in this process, merging to create

2346-757: Was 96, meaning that there were slightly more women than men. 52.2% of the population described themselves as Coloured (racially mixed), 28.1% as African , 18.5% as White , and 0.4% as Indian or Asian . When asked about their first language , 67.7% cited Afrikaans , 20.8% Xhosa and 7.2% English . 22.8% of the population was under the age of 15, while 4.9% was 65 or older. Of those residents aged 20 or older, 3.2% had received no schooling, 13.0% had some schooling but did not finish primary school, 6.2% finished primary school but had no secondary schooling, 35.0% had some secondary schooling but did not finish Grade 12 , 25.3% finished Grade 12 but had no higher education, and 17.4% had higher education. Overall, 42.7% had at least

2397-535: Was Wilgenhof, in 1903. In 1905 the first women's hostel to be established in Stellenbosch was Harmonie [1] . Harmonie and Wilgenhof were part of the Victoria College. In 1909 an old boy of the school, Paul Roos , captain of the first national rugby team to be called the Springboks , was invited to become the sixth rector of the school. He remained rector until 1940. On his retirement, the school's name

2448-587: Was changed to Paul Roos Gymnasium . In the early days of the Second Boer War (1899–1902) Stellenbosch was one of the British military bases, and was used as a "remount" camp; and in consequence of officers who had not distinguished themselves at the front being sent back to it, the expression " to be Stellenbosched " came into use; so much so, that in similar cases officers were spoken of as "Stellenbosched" even if they were sent to some other place. At

2499-478: Was formed by the DA and several smaller parties, and Lauretta Maree of the DA was elected as executive mayor and Khulile Shubani of the United Democratic Movement (UDM) as deputy-mayor. In February 2008 councillor Myra Linders left the DA and stood as an independent candidate in the resulting by-election, and won. Her shift in allegiance allowed an ANC-led coalition, with the swing votes of

2550-535: Was reconstituted as the Winelands RSC after the Cape Town metropolitan area was removed from the jurisdiction of the RSC. The transitional councils were initially made up of members nominated by the various parties to the negotiations, until May 1996 when elections were held . At these elections the Winelands District Council was established, replacing the Winelands RSC. Transitional representative councils (TRCs) were also elected to represent rural areas outside

2601-460: Was short-lived, however, and in October 2002, an African National Congress (ANC) and New National Party (NNP) coalition took over the council when four councillors defected from the DA and a local community party during a floor-crossing period. Willie Ortell (NNP) was elected mayor and GW Adonis (ANC) was chosen as deputy mayor. After the next local government elections in 2006 , a coalition

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