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122-575: The unit was raised on 1 October 1939 in Stockholm as the Östgöta Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment 's Detachment in Stockholm (A 10 S). On 1 October 1941, the detachment was separated from the Östgöta Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment and became an independent unit under the name of Stockholm Anti-Aircraft Regiment (A 11). As part of the Defence Act of 1942, the regiment was transferred in 1942 to

244-484: A plague killed about 20,000 (36 percent) of the population. After the end of the Great Northern War the city stagnated; population growth halted and economic growth slowed. The city was in shock after having lost its place as the capital of a great power . However, Stockholm maintained its role as Sweden's political centre and continued to develop as the country's economic and cultural capital. During

366-440: A courtyard for motor training and a short-range shooting range . Mellingeholm . South of Norrtälje, between County Road 276 towards Åkersberga and Lake Limmaren, Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps had an area called Mellingeholm. At Mellingeholm there was a shooting range, hand grenade range and several places for different types of fire control and intelligence units as well as staff and tross units. Väddö . Väddö training area

488-766: A history going back to the conservatory founded as part of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music in 1771, the Royal University College of Fine Arts , which has a similar historical association with the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts and a foundation date of 1735, and the Swedish National Academy of Mime and Acting , which is the continuation of the school of the Royal Dramatic Theatre , once attended by renowned actors like Greta Garbo . Other schools include

610-470: A major European power, reflected in the development of the city of Stockholm. From 1610 to 1680 the population multiplied sixfold. In 1634, Stockholm became the official capital of the Swedish empire. Trading rules were also created that gave Stockholm an essential monopoly over trade between foreign merchants and other Swedish, Baltic and Scandinavian territories. In 1697, Tre Kronor Castle burned down and

732-514: A modern and ethnically diverse city in the latter half of the 20th century. Many historical buildings were torn down during the modernist era, including substantial parts of the historical district of Klara (which caused major controversy), and replaced with modern architecture. However, in many other parts of Stockholm (such as in Gamla stan , Södermalm , Östermalm , Kungsholmen and Vasastan ), many older buildings, blocks and streets built before

854-632: A regiment either. This was because the government considered that the basic organization should reflect the war organization. The Defence Act also led to concentrating the brigades' training to a number of infantry and armored regiments, and in order to achieve further rationality in the training of the military units in western Sweden. It was decided to relocate the Göta Anti-Aircraft Regiment to Halmstad , to be co-located with Halland Regiment (I 16/Fo 31). The other units in Kviberg,

976-465: A result of this massive population growth, there has been a proposal to build densely packed high-rise buildings in the city centre connected by elevated walkways, though these have been opposed by several groups. Stockholm is located on Sweden's east coast at the 59th parallel north, where the freshwater Lake Mälaren —Sweden's third-largest lake—flows out into the Baltic Sea. The central parts of

1098-722: A scale unprecedented since the reign of Queen Christina . During this time, Carl Michael Bellman and Joseph Martin Kraus helped develop the city's music, a process further accelerated by the founding of the Royal Swedish Opera . Various artists and writers became prominent, funded by the king and other cultural patrons like Carl Gustaf Tessin ; the two aforementioned figures laid the base for Sweden's Nationalmuseum at this time. Science also became prevalent; renowned figures like Carl Linnaeus and Anders Celsius spent time in Stockholm, and various research institutes, like

1220-466: A similar latitude, or even farther south. With an average of 1900 hours of sunshine per year, it is also one of the sunniest cities in Northern Europe, receiving more sunshine than Paris, London and a few other major European cities of a more southerly latitude. Because of the urban heat island effect and the prevailing wind travelling overland rather than sea during summer months, Stockholm has

1342-551: A traditional standard. The regimental standard was drawn by Kristina Holmgård-Åkerberg and embroidered by hand in insertion technique by Maj-Britt Salander/company Blå Kusten. The standard was presented to the regiment in Halmstad by His Majesty the King Carl XVI Gustaf on 15 September 2001. Blazon : "On blue cloth in the centre the lesser coat of arms of Sweden , three open yellow crowns placed two and one. In

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1464-417: A white ram passant, arms and crosstaff yellow and a red banner with edging and five flaps in yellow (a legacy from the former Gotland Anti-Aircraft Corps , Lv 2) and in the fourth corner the town badge of Sundsvall ; an open helmet over two musketforks in saltire, all white (a legacy from the former Sundsvall Air Defence Regiment, Lv 5). On the reverse side in the centre three open crowns placed two and one, in

1586-580: Is Sweden's primary financial centre , one of the largest in Scandinavia, and hosts several of Sweden's largest companies. Furthermore, the headquarters of most of Sweden's largest banks are in Stockholm. Stockholm is one of Europe's major tech centres; the city has sometimes been called Europe's innovation hub. The Stockholm region has a GDP of around $ 180 billion, and Stockholm County has the highest GDP per capita of all counties in Sweden . Stockholm

1708-543: Is also responsible for financial administration and long-term development. The City Executive Board consists of 13 members, who represent both the majority and the opposition. Its meetings are not open to the public. Stockholm City Hall is one of the city's key landmarks, built in the National Romantic Style at the beginning of the twentieth century. Hosting the Nobel Prizes and the government of

1830-726: Is an administrative unit defined by geographical borders. The semi-official name for the municipality is City of Stockholm ( Stockholms stad in Swedish). As a municipality, the City of Stockholm is subdivided into district councils, which carry responsibility for primary schools, social, leisure and cultural services within their respective areas. The municipality is usually described in terms of its three main parts: Innerstaden ( Stockholm City Centre ), Söderort (Southern Stockholm) and Västerort (Western Stockholm). The districts of these parts are: The modern centre Norrmalm (concentrated around

1952-572: Is based on export-oriented services, often towards larger, nearby European markets like Poland or Germany. Tourism is a major industry in Stockholm. Research and higher education in the sciences started in Stockholm in the 18th century, with education in medicine and various research institutions such as the Stockholm Observatory . The medical education was eventually formalised in 1811 as Karolinska Institutet . KTH Royal Institute of Technology ( Swedish: Kungliga Tekniska högskolan )

2074-444: Is located at Ytterskär on Väddö , and was the most frequently used training area during live fire exercises with the air defense units. The coat of arms of the unit was used from 1977 to 2000. Blazon : "Azure, the badge of Stockholm , the crowned head of Saint Eric couped or. The shield surmounted two gunbarrels of older pattern in saltire and two wings, both or." In 1942, the units was presented with its standard by His Majesty

2196-513: Is projected to reach 1,079,213 by 2030. Of the inhabitants, 482,982 were men and 492,569 women. The average age is 39 years; 40.1% of the population is between 20 and 44 years. The marimonial statistics are that 411,273 people, or 42.2% of the population, over the age 15 were unmarried; 268,291 people, or 27.5% of the population, were married; and 104,099 or 10.7% of the population, had been married but divorced. As of December 2021, there were 252,750 foreign-born people in Stockholm, making up 25.8% of

2318-584: Is the capital and most populous city of the Kingdom of Sweden , as well as the largest urban area in the Nordic countries . Approximately 1 million people live in the municipality , with 1.6 million in the urban area , and 2.4 million in the metropolitan area . The city stretches across fourteen islands where Lake Mälaren flows into the Baltic Sea . Outside the city to the east, and along

2440-530: Is the name of the local assembly. Its 101 councillors are elected concurrently with general elections , held at the same time as the elections to the Riksdag and county councils . The Council convenes twice every month at Stockholm City Hall , and the meetings are open to the public. The matters on which the councillors decide have generally already been drafted and discussed by various boards and committees. Once decisions are referred for practical implementation,

2562-743: Is the official residence and principal workplace of the Swedish monarch, while Drottningholm Palace in neighbouring Ekerö serves as the Royal Family 's private residence. Stockholm's location appears in Norse sagas as Agnafit , and in Heimskringla in connection with the legendary king Agne . Birka , located near Stockholm, was one Sweden's major trade centres during the Viking Age , and its restored remains are one of Stockholm County 's most-visited sites. The earliest written mention of

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2684-586: Is the only anti-aircraft regiment in the Swedish Armed Forces . Its new organisation was introduced in 2000, when all other anti-aircraft units in Sweden were disbanded. The regiment is located in Halmstad and has the responsibility for training two air defence battalions and one home guard battalion. Through the Defence Act of 1936 , the air defence was given a more independent role in

2806-777: Is the seat of the Swedish government and most of its agencies , including the highest courts in the judiciary , and the official residences of the Swedish monarch and the Prime Minister . The government has its seat in the Rosenbad building, the Riksdag (Swedish parliament) is seated in the Parliament House , and the Prime Minister's residence is adjacent at the Sager House . Stockholm Palace

2928-459: The Age of Enlightenment in the late eighteenth century, the city flourished. The new monarch, Gustav III , proved an able and energetic regnant; his economic policies helped the Swedish economy develop, and his partially successful war against Russia restored some of Sweden's international reputation. The king was an avid patron of the arts, and scientists and cultural figures flocked to Stockholm on

3050-561: The Gothenburg and Bohus Defence District (Fo 34), where the Gothenburg Coastal Artillery Defence (GbK) became the defence district authority and was given the overall mobilization responsibility within the defence district. However, the mobilization responsibility did not professionally include the mobilization responsibility for the infantry brigades were are trained at Bohuslän Regiment (I 17), thus

3172-650: The Hanseatic League . Stockholm developed strong economic and cultural linkages with Lübeck , Hamburg , Gdańsk (Danzig), Visby , Tallinn (Reval), and Riga during this time. The strategic and economic importance of the city made Stockholm an important factor in relations between the Danish Kings of the Kalmar Union and the Swedish national independence movement in the fifteenth century and early sixteenth century. The Danish King Christian II

3294-493: The Stockholm Observatory , were founded. The early nineteenth century saw a major economic decline of Stockholm and Sweden as a whole, but by the second half of the nineteenth century, Stockholm had regained its leading economic role. New industries emerged with industrialisation and Stockholm was transformed into an important trade and service centre as well as a key gateway point within Sweden. The population also grew dramatically during this time, mainly through immigration . At

3416-528: The Swedish Museum of Natural History , as well as the botanical garden Bergianska trädgården . The Stockholm School of Economics , founded in 1909, is one of the few private institutions of higher education in Sweden, and is generally reckoned one of the most prestigious business schools in the world. In the fine arts , educational institutions include the Royal College of Music , which has

3538-504: The 16th century. In 1625, the Great Stockholm Fire of 1625 destroyed the southwestern section of Stadsholmen , an island in the centre of Stockholm. The amount of destruction led to the beginning of the demolition of the Stockholm walls. Today, most of the younger city walls cannot be found anywhere above ground. However, parts of the northern city walls are preserved in the modern Museum of Medieval Stockholm . In 1710,

3660-570: The Air Defence Combat School ( Luftvärnets stridsskola , LvSS) was located in Norrtälje, which also had an experimental site on Väddö training area. The disadvantage what could spurr a disbandment of Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps was the need to increase expertise for Robotsystem 77/97 surface-to-air missile system and that the corps was an isolated organizational unit with limited opportunities for garrison coordination. This

3782-712: The City Executive Board. The Mayor holds a special position among the Vice Mayors, chairing both the Council of Mayors and the City Executive Board. The City Executive Board ( Swedish : Kommunstyrelsen ) is elected by the City Council and is equivalent to a cabinet . The City Executive Board renders an opinion in all matters decided by the council and bears the overall responsibility for follow-up, evaluation and execution of its decisions. The Board

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3904-400: The Defence Act, was that Gotland Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 2) was to be disbanded and Norrland Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 7) to be reduced to one battalion and organize it under Norrbotten Regiment . This was because the operations of Gotland Anti-Aircraft Corps were considered too limited to be able to be developed into a single unit for the country's air defense. For Norrland Anti-Aircraft Corps,

4026-616: The European Union. The Stockholm Stock Exchange , founded in 1863, is the largest stock exchange in the Nordic Countries measured by market capitalisation, listing numerous multinational Swedish companies. Trade is a vital part of Stockholm's economy; the city's corporations are largely reliant on foreign consumers to supplement the small Swedish market. Stockholm is one of the Baltic Sea's larger ports, hosting especially cruise ships and yachts. Most of Stockholm's economy

4148-541: The Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps as it had greater and better opportunity for garrison coordination with an expanded infrastructure to cope with increased mechanization of the air defense. With the Defence Act the training of the air defense was concentrated to four air defense battalions, three in Halmstad and to Norrland Anti-Aircraft Battalion in Boden. As the Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps became a unified unit for

4270-541: The Göta Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Lv 6) were missing. Prior to the bill, the government's inquiry had come to the conclusion that only one air defence unit could be disbanded for reasons of saving and rationalization. The inquiry had examined the possibilities of disbanding Sundsvall Anti-Aircraft Regiment or Göta Anti-Aircraft Regiment. To the detriment of the Sundsvall Anti-Aircraft Regiment, the investigation pointed out, among other things, that

4392-544: The Göta Artillery Regiment (A 2), Karlsborg Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Lv 1) and Östgöta Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Lv 2) being disbanded, which in practice did not mean any increase of regiments in the army's peace organization but also because the army in the early 1960s bought the MIM-23 Hawk missile system, which led to air defence missile units being organized at the unit in 1962. In connection with

4514-595: The King Gustaf V . In 2000, the Roslagens luftvärnskårs (Lv 3) minnesmedalj ("Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 3) Commemorative Medal") in silver (RoslvkSMM) of the 8th size was established. The medal ribbon is of blue moiré with red edges followed by a white stripe. A Saint Eric head is attached to the ribbon. Regimental commanders and corps commander from 1941 to 2000. Stockholm Stockholm ( Swedish: [ˈstɔ̂kː(h)ɔlm] )

4636-465: The OLLI reform, which was implemented in the Swedish Armed Forces in the years 1973–1975, A units and B units were formed. The A units were the regiments that were given responsibility for a defence district , and which were referred to as defence district regiments ( försvarsområdesregemente ). At the same time, the defence district regiments were given the mobilization and materiel responsibility within

4758-488: The Ringenäs training area, as well as large investment costs in Halmstad to relocate the Air Defence Combat School to Halmstad. However, the government judged that synergy effects with units and schools were good in Halmstad, compared with Norrtälje. The government also considered that Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps had the best conditions for air defence training from a purely air defence perspective. Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps

4880-777: The Swedish Kosovo Force in 2012 and the Swedish operation in Afghanistan in 2013. On 1 January 2013, four military regions were formed, where the Western Military Region was subordinated to the commander of Skaraborg Regiment , but was under the command of the Chief of Joint Operations at the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters in Stockholm regarding ground territorial leadership in peace, crisis and war. However,

5002-623: The Swedish Anti-Aircraft Technical School ( Luftvärnets tekniska skola , LvTS) were relocated to Östersund and the Swedish Anti-Aircraft Officers’ College ( Luftvärnets officershögskola , LvOHS) was relocated to Norrtälje . In connection with the Defence Act, the regiment was reduced to a corps on 1 July 1994 and regained its old name Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 6), and the defence district group ( försvarsområdesgrupp ) Gothenburg Group

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5124-399: The Swedish artillery, which among other things resulted in a number of air defence divisions being organized, where, among other things, a division was relocated to Gothenburg . The division was raised as a preparedness division of Karlsborg Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment (A 9) on 1 October 1941 under the name Gothenburg Anti-Aircraft Division (A 9 G). Through the Defence Act of 1942, it

5246-709: The Western Military Region. Furthermore, the staff of the Western Military Region in command matters was directly subordinated to the Chief of Joint Operations at the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters. In the Swedish Armed Forces' budget documentation for the government for 2020, it was proposed that the four military regional staffs be established as separate organizational units from 1 January 2020. The chiefs of

5368-477: The air defence. According to the Defence Act, the training of the air defence was concentrated in four anti-aircraft battalions, three in Halmstad and Norrland Anti-Aircraft Battalion in Boden . As the Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps became a unified unit for the country's air defence, containing three anti-aircraft battalions and the Air Defence Combat School, the corps was elevated to a regiment, and on 1 July 2000 adopted

5490-621: The annual Nobel Prize ceremonies and banquet at the Stockholm Concert Hall and Stockholm City Hall . One of the city's most prized museums, the Vasa Museum , is the most visited museum in Scandinavia. The Stockholm metro , opened in 1950, is well known for the decor of its stations; it has been called the longest art gallery in the world. The city was the host of the 1912 Summer Olympics , and has played host to several other international sports events since. Stockholm

5612-561: The arms of the unit since 2000. Blazon: "Azure, the lesser coat of arms of Sweden , three open crowns or. The shield surmounted two gunbarrels of older pattern in saltire and two wings, both or". On 6 June 1943, the military commander of the III Military District , major general Folke Högberg presented a standard to the Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps. On 1 April 1962, the Göta Anti-Aircraft Regiment took over Göta Artillery Regiment 's (A 2) standard and since then it carries it as

5734-568: The autumn the leaves change color. During the winter months, the trees lose their leaves. For details about the other municipalities in the Stockholm area, see the pertinent articles. North of Stockholm Municipality: Järfälla , Solna , Täby , Sollentuna , Lidingö , Upplands Väsby , Österåker , Sigtuna , Sundbyberg , Danderyd , Vallentuna , Ekerö , Upplands-Bro , Vaxholm , and Norrtälje . South of Stockholm: Huddinge , Nacka , Botkyrka , Haninge , Tyresö , Värmdö , Södertälje , Salem , Nykvarn and Nynäshamn . Stockholm Municipality

5856-585: The city consist of fourteen islands that are continuous with the Stockholm archipelago . The geographical city centre is situated on the water, in Riddarfjärden bay. Over 30% of the city area is made up of waterways and another 30% is made up of parks and green spaces. Positioned at the eastern end of the Central Swedish lowland and near the Bergslagen region, the city's location reflects

5978-455: The city is said to have been founded by Birger Jarl to protect Sweden from sea invasions made by Karelians after the pillage of Sigtuna on Lake Mälaren in the summer of 1187. Stockholm's core, the present Old Town ( Gamla Stan ) was built on the central island next to Helgeandsholmen from the mid-13th century onward. The city originally rose to prominence as a result of the Baltic trade of

6100-530: The city of Stockholm, it is one of Sweden's most important buildings. As the primary financial centre in Sweden, Stockholm is an influential hub for trade, finance and technology in Europe , and one of Scandinavia's largest financial centres. The Stockholm region is the leading region in Sweden by both GDP and GDP per capita, and is amongst the ten wealthiest regions in the European Union when measured by

6222-455: The coast, is the island chain of the Stockholm archipelago . The area has been settled since the Stone Age , in the 6th millennium BC, and was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl . The city serves as the county seat of Stockholm County . Stockholm is the cultural, media, political, and economic centre of Sweden. The Stockholm region alone accounts for over a third of

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6344-563: The conscripts were largely recruited from the Western Military District , which meant that they were trained far from their hometown, while the Göta Anti-Aircraft Regiment recruited its conscripts from the Gothenburg region. Furthermore, a disbandment of Sundsvall Anti-Aircraft Regiment would affect fewer people than a disbandment of the Göta Anti-Aircraft Regiment. Against a disbandment was the ability to train air defence units in winter conditions would be reduced, and that

6466-610: The corps moved to the barracks in Kviberg, where they took over the camp from disbanded Göta Artillery Regiment (A 2). The former barracks area in Högsbo later became Högsbo Hospital. On 1 July 1994, the unit was relocated to Halmstad and was co-located with Halland Regiment (I 16). From 1 July 2000, the unit took over the entire area. While the unit was located in Gothenburg, they trained at Vallda Sandö, Ringenäs training area and Sisjön training area. After moving to Halmstad,

6588-486: The corps was an isolated organizational unit with limited opportunities for garrison coordination. This was something that was considered an advantage, as the Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps was already part of a garrison that housed both the Military Academy Halmstad ( Militärhögskolan Halmstad , MHS H) and the Swedish Armed Forces' Halmstad Schools ( Försvarsmaktens Halmstadsskolor , FMHS). At the same time,

6710-571: The country's GDP , and is among the top 10 regions in Europe by GDP per capita . Considered a global city , it is the largest in Scandinavia and the main centre for corporate headquarters in the Nordic region. The city is home to some of Europe's top-ranking universities, such as the Karolinska Institute (medicine), KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm School of Economics and Stockholm University . It hosts

6832-491: The country's air defense, including three air defense battalions and the Air Defence Combat School, the corps was upgraded to regiment, and on 1 July 2000 adopted the new name Air Defence Regiment (Lv 6). The Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps was disbanded on 30 June 2000. From 1 July 2000, the operations went over to a decommissioning organization, called the Avvecklingsorganisation Norrtälje , until

6954-415: The current municipal area. In the ensuing decades several other areas were incorporated (such as Brännkyrka Municipality in 1913, at which time it had 25,000 inhabitants, and Spånga in 1949). The municipal border was established in 1971; with the exception of Hansta, in 1982 purchased by Stockholm Municipality from Sollentuna Municipality and today a nature reserve. The population was 984,748 in 2022 and

7076-461: The defence district. This meant that the army units that were part of a defence district became a B unit (training regiment). In Scania , on the west coast and in Norrbotten , certain deviations were made from the principled organization, ie a defence district regiment was assigned the overall mobilization responsibility within the defence district. On the west coast, the departure was made within

7198-444: The departure from the principled organization. The Göta Anti-Aircraft Regiment, which was part of the Gothenburg and Bohus Defence District, however, became a B unit, where the Gothenburg and Bohus Defence District were given the overall mobilization responsibility. On 1 July 1975, the Göta Anti-Aircraft Regiment joined the new organization as a training regiment. The Government Bill 1977/78:65, concerning defence organizational issues,

7320-646: The design school Konstfack , founded in 1844, the University College of Opera (founded in 1968 but with older roots), the University College of Dance , and the Stockholms Musikpedagogiska Institut (the University College of Music Education). The Södertörn University was founded in 1995 as a multi-disciplinary institution for southern Metropolitan Stockholm , to balance the many institutions located in

7442-425: The detachment was transferred to the Östgöta Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Lv 2). Nordrona . The Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps used the area east of the barracks area. Because the Nordrona area in the east and north is bounded by Lake Lommaren, in the south by E18 and in the west by the barracks area, it was difficult for the public to get to the area when there was no exercise. At Nordrona there was, among other things,

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7564-427: The disbandment of Sundsvall Anti-Aircraft Regiment during the 1983/84 financial year. In the same bill, the government changed the previous Riksdag decision to relocate the Army Radar and Anti-Aircraft Engineering School to Östersund , so that it would remain in Gothenburg. hrough the Defence Act of 1992, it was decided that all training regiments that did not raise war units the size of a regiment, would not be called

7686-437: The disbandment was completed by 31 December 2001. The decommissioning organization was dissolved in turn on 30 June 2001, when the disbandment of the unit was completed. When the unit was raised as the Stockholm Anti-Aircraft Regiment, it was located in Göta Life Guards former barracks were on Linnégatan in Stockholm . On 7 April 1952, the regiment began to move into a newly erected barracks area in Norrtälje . On 25 March 1952,

7808-473: The early orientation of Swedish trade toward the Baltic region. Stockholm belongs to the Temperate deciduous forest biome, which means the climate is very similar to that of the far northeastern area of the United States and coastal Nova Scotia in Canada . The average annual temperature is 7.9 °C (46 °F). The average rainfall is 531 mm (21 in) per year. The deciduous forest has four distinct seasons, spring, summer, autumn, and winter. In

7930-447: The employees of the City administrations and companies take over. The elected majority has a Mayor and eight Vice Mayors. The Mayor and each majority Vice Mayor is the head of a department, with responsibility for a particular area of operation, such as City Planning. The opposition also has four Vice Mayors, but they hold no executive power. Together the Mayor and the 12 Vice Mayors form the Council of Mayors, and they prepare matters for

8052-433: The end of the nineteenth century, less than 40% of the residents were Stockholm-born, with most migrants being from poorer rural Sweden; major settlement began to expand outside the historical city limits. The nineteenth century also saw the establishment of a number of scientific institutes and universities, including the Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology . The General Art and Industrial Exposition

8174-406: The expeditionary team at Utbyvägen. On 1 October 1944 the unit began a move into the newly built barracks in Högsbo , which were completed 12 August 1945. On 21 October 1945, a move-in ceremony was held over the new location. Prior to the Defence Act of 1958 , the Swedish government proposed to the Riksdag that the Göta Artillery Regiment (A 2) be disbanded. This is against the background that

8296-418: The first corner the former badge of the regiment; a doubletailed rampant yellow lion with an open crown, in the right forepaw a yellow sword and in the left a blue shield with three open yellow crowns placed two and one; in the second corner the badge of Stockholm ; a yellow Saint Erik head (a legacy from the former Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Regiment , Lv 3), in the third corner the provincial badge of Gotland ;

8418-445: The future could require defence with surface-to-air missiles . The Defence Act stated that the Göta Artillery Regiment would be reorganized into an air defence regiment with the Army Radar and Anti-Aircraft Engineering School affiliated. In practice, however, the Göta Artillery Regiment was disbanded as a peace unit on 31 March 1962. However, the name "Göta" was taken over by the Gothenburg Anti-Aircraft Corps, which on 1 July 1962 adopted

8540-421: The government considered that it had to take into account that the corps was affected in the two previous Defence Acts, partly through the relocation from Gothenburg, and by taking over parts of air defence training from the Scanian Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 4) which was disbanded by the Defence Act of 1996. What was in favor of a disbandment of the Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps were limited training area opportunities at

8662-455: The government considered that it would result in serious loss of skills in the short perspective of locating the entire air defense function to Boden . The choice was between keeping Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 3) in Norrtälje or Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 6) in Halmstad as the main alternative for future air defense training. The advantage of maintaining Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps was, among other things, good training areas and that

8784-503: The government considered that the Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps had the best conditions for air defense training, from a purely air defense perspective, but the Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps was decided by the government to have sufficiently good conditions for continued air defense training. The government came, in its bill regarding the Defence Act of 2000, therefore, to disband Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps and maintain

8906-423: The government considered that the artillery would train entire divisional units within the framework of the peace unit something that was not considered possible unless the number of peace units was reduced. The fact that the Göta Artillery Regiment was proposed to be disbanded was based on the fact that the unit's establishment was considered to be surrounded by civilian interests, and that the unit's training area in

9028-594: The head of the Halland Group ( Hallandsgruppen , HAG) was still subordinate to the commander of the Air Defence Regiment regarding production management of the Home Guard units and task management within the training groups' geographical area. On 1 January 2018, however, the leadership of Skaraborg Regiment and the Western Military Region was divided by the appointment of a separate commander for

9150-458: The lack of student accommodations, the difficulty in finding other accommodations and the high rent. The Stockholm region is home to around 22% of Sweden's total population, and accounts for about 29% of its gross domestic product . The geographical notion of "Stockholm" has changed over time. By the turn of the 19th century, Stockholm largely consisted of the area today known as City Centre, roughly 35 km (14 sq mi) or one-fifth of

9272-503: The largest investment firms in Europe are headquartered in the city, including Investor AB and Nordstjernan ; also headquartered in Stockholm is EQT AB . Stockholm is one of continental Europe's leading hubs for the technology industry; this influential industry is based in Kista , a suburb in northern Stockholm which is Europe's largest Informations and Technology cluster. Stockholm has

9394-565: The latter. Many of Sweden's largest companies are headquartered in the city; they are drawn by its central location, skilled workforce and preeminent financial sector. These companies include some of the Nordic region 's most valuable corporations, like Ericsson , which is one of the world's largest telecommunications companies, or Atlas Copco , which is one of the world's largest industrial companies; other large companies based in Stockholm include Electrolux , H&M and Securitas AB . Some of

9516-504: The long term did not correspond to the requirements of modern artillery equipment. It was proposed that the training contingent of conscripts be distributed to the remaining artillery units. At the same time, the government proposed that Kviberg's barracks should remain, as the Gothenburg Anti-Aircraft Corps' (Lv 6) establishment in Högsbo was also rebuilt and had even worse conditions compared to Kviberg. Thus, it

9638-442: The main alternative for future air defence training. What was in favor of maintaining Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps was, among other things, good training areas and that the Air Defence Combat School ( Luftvärnets stridsskola , LvSS), was located in Norrtälje, which also had a test site on Väddö training area. What was in favor of a disbandment of Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps was to build up competence for Missile System 77/97 , and that

9760-480: The military region staffs were in turn proposed to be subordinated to the Chief of Home Guard regarding the production of training groups and Home Guard units. This meant that the training groups were transferred organizationally from a training unit to the four military regional staffs. In the Government's bill, however, the Government emphasized that the military regional division could be adjusted, depending on

9882-404: The modernism and functionalism movements survived this era of demolition. Throughout the century, many industries shifted away from industrial activities into more high-tech and service industry areas, which still dominate the city's economy today. Stockholm's metropolitan area has become one of the fastest-growing regions in Europe. In 2020 alone, Stockholm's population increased by 1,477. As

10004-491: The most precipitation falling in December and January (as either rain or snow). The average winter temperatures range from −3 to −1 °C (27 to 30 °F), and occasionally drop below −20 °C (−4 °F) in the outskirts of the city. Spring and autumn are generally cool to mild. The climate table below presents weather data from the years 1991–2020. According to ongoing measurements, the temperature has increased during

10126-403: The name Göta Anti-Aircraft Regiment. The Gothenburg Anti-Aircraft Corps officially moved into Kviberg on 1 April 1962. Initially, it was co-located with a disbandment organization formed after the disbandment of the Göta Artillery Regiment, which ended on 30 September 1962, 1 from October 1962, the unit was completely organized in Kviberg. That the corps was reorganized into a regiment was due to

10248-437: The name Stockholm dates from 1252, by which time the mines in Bergslagen made it an important site in the iron trade. The first part of the name ( stock ) means log in Swedish, although it may also be connected to an old German word ( Stock ) meaning fortification . The second part of the name ( holm ) means islet and is thought to refer to the islet Helgeandsholmen in central Stockholm. According to Erik's Chronicle

10370-454: The new name Air Defence Regiment (Lv 6). In Halmstad, the new regiment took over the barracks area from the disbanded units Halland Regiment (I 16 / Fo 31) and Halland Brigade ( Hallandsbrigaden , IB 16). Through the Defence Act of 2004, the Riksdag decided, among other things, to reduce the number of anti-aircraft battalions from four to one, which meant that Norrland Anti-Aircraft Battalion

10492-543: The newly formed air defence military branch ( Luftvärnstrupperna ) as the Stockholm Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Lv 3). One battery from the regiment was detached to Gotland in 1944 under the designation Lv 3 G. On 1 July 1952 a relocation of the regiment began to Norrtälje , whereby the Gotland battery was transferred to Östgöta Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Lv 2) under the designation Lv 2 G. When

10614-785: The northern part of the region. Other institutes of higher education include the Military Academy Karlberg , the world's oldest military academy to remain in its original location, inaugurated in 1792 and housed in Karlberg Palace ; there is also the Swedish Defence University , Ersta Sköndal University College , Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences and the University College Stockholm . The biggest complaints from students of higher education in Stockholm are

10736-477: The number of daylight hours is relatively small during winter – about six hours – while in June and the first half of July, the nights are relatively short, with about 18 hours of daylight. Due to its eastern position within Sweden's respective time zone, sunsets occur as early as 2:46 PM in mid-December. Around the summer solstice the sun never reaches further below the horizon than 7.3 degrees. This gives

10858-425: The outcome of the investigation "Ansvar, ledning och samordning inom civilt försvar" (Directive 2018:79). For the Air Defence Regiment, this change meant that the Halland Group was transferred to the Western Military Region from 1 January 2020. The regiment has the following organisation: In connection with Karlsborg Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Lv 1) detaching a preparedness division on 1 October 1941 to Gothenburg, it

10980-568: The population. Around 57.5% of them (143,167) immigrated to Sweden when they were at least 10 years old, and 109,213 (43.9%) of them were foreign citizens. The largest nationality groups among the foreign-born people were the Iraqis (16,137), followed by Finns (15,693), Iranians (12,329) and Poles (11,569). Of the population, 336,275 residents (34.4%) of Stockholm had a foreign-background. Air Defence Regiment (Sweden) The Air Defence Regiment ( Swedish : Luftvärnsregementet , Lv 6),

11102-535: The queen for several years prior to his death. Inventors, like Christopher Polhem , moved to the city during the time of the Swedish Empire. Academics also spent much time in Stockholm, like Olaus Rudbeck , rector of the Uppsala University . Throughout Sweden's history, walls were created in Stockholm to defend the city from attacks. These defensive walls were modified throughout the 13th to

11224-550: The regiment at close range had the air defence's best training area, Åstön. The Chief of the Army advocated maintaining the Göta Anti-Aircraft Regiment in front of Sundsvall Anti-Aircraft Regiment, as he considered that it would benefit the army's design in the longer term. At its base in Kviberg, the Göta Anti-Aircraft Regiment also had a better training capacity compared with the regiment in Sundsvall. The inquiry therefore advocated

11346-420: The regiment had a farewell ceremony in Stockholm, but the Swedish naval ensign was not hoisted until 5 March 1953, when the staff was also relocated to Norrtälje. In Norrtälje, the regiment had a moving-in ceremony on 8 March 1952. Although not all parts were in place in Norrtälje until March 1953, the regiment officially began operations in Norrtälje on 1 October 1952. On 1 April 1944, the air defense on Gotland

11468-596: The relocation from Gothenburg and partly by taking over parts of the air defense training from the Scanian Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 4), which was disbanded by the Defence Act of 1996. Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps on the other hand, had limited opportunities at Ringenäs training area as well as large investment costs in Halmstad to relocate the Air Defence Combat School to Halmstad. However, the government decided that synergy effects with units and schools were best in Halmstad compared to Norrtälje. However,

11590-594: The relocation to Norrtälje was fully completed the regiment changed name to the Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Lv 3). In connection with the OLLI reform, which was carried out in the Swedish Armed Forces between 1973 and 1975, the Life Guard Dragoons (K 1) was amalgamated with Stockholm Defence District (Fo 44) and formed the defence district regiment K 1/Fo 44 in 1975. This resulted in Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Regiment, which

11712-603: The second most unicorns per capita in the world, after Silicon Valley; the city also has one of the highest startup rates in Europe. Prominent startup technology companies in Stockholm include Mojang , Spotify and Klarna ; the latter two either have been or are among the largest startup companies in the world. Most of Sweden's largest banks are headquartered in the city, including the SEB Group , Handelsbanken and Swedbank ; Nordea had its headquarters in Stockholm until moving to Helsinki in 2018 for legal reasons involving

11834-495: The sky a bright blue colour in summer once the sun has set because it does not get any darker than nautical twilight . Also, when looking straight up towards the zenith , few stars are visible after the sun has gone down. This is not to be confused with the midnight sun , which occurs north of the Arctic Circle , around 7 degrees farther north. The Stockholm Municipal Council ( Swedish : Stockholms kommunfullmäktige )

11956-452: The town square Sergels torg ) is the largest shopping district in Sweden . It is the most central part of Stockholm in business and shopping. Stockholm has a humid continental climate in the 0 °C isotherm ( Köppen : Dfb ) bordering on an oceanic climate ( Cfb ) in the -3 °C isotherm. Although winters are cold, average temperatures generally remain above 0 °C for much of

12078-441: The training group Hallandsgruppen was subordinated from 1 January 2006 to the Air Defence Regiment. In connection with the conscription being suspended by the Defence Act of 2009, two new battalions were raised, which consist of contracted soldiers as well as employed officers and soldiers. Parts of the battalions participated both nationally and internationally in ground and air operations, such as Nordic Battlegroup 11 (NBG 11),

12200-506: The unit started training at Mästocka training area and Nyårsåsen training area. The coat of the arms of the unit from 1977 to 2000. Blazon : "Azur, the regimental badge, three waves bendy-sinister argent, charged with a doubletailed crowned lion rampant or, armed and langued gules, in dexter forepaw a sword or and in sinister a shield azure charged with three open crowns or placed two and one. The shield surmounted two gunbarrels of older pattern in saltire and two wings, both or". The coat of

12322-601: The upper inner corner two gunbarrels of older pattern in saltire (a legacy from the former Göta Artillery Regiment , A 2) and in the other corners the badge of the Air Defence Corps; two winged gunbarrels of older pattern in saltire, all yellow. Blue fringe." In 2000, the Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps Commemorative Medal (GötalvkårMSM) was established. The medal is awarded for distinguished effort among junior personnel, at

12444-918: The warmest July months of the Nordic capitals. Stockholm has an annual average snow cover between 75 and 100 days. Despite its mild climate, Stockholm is located further north than parts of Canada that are above the Arctic tree line at sea level. Summers average daytime high temperatures of 20–25 °C (68–77 °F) and lows of around 13 °C (55 °F), but temperatures can reach 30 °C (86 °F) on some days. Days above 30 °C (86 °F) occur on average 1.55 days per year (1992–2011). Days between 25 °C (77 °F) and 30 °C (86 °F) are relatively common especially in July and August. Night-time lows of above 20 °C (68 °F) are rare, and hot summer nights vary from 17 to 18 °C (63 to 64 °F). Winters generally bring cloudy weather with

12566-399: The year. Summers are pleasantly warm, and precipitation occurs throughout the year. Due to the city's high northerly latitude, the length of the day varies widely from more than 18 hours around midsummer to only around 6 hours in late December. The nights from late May until mid-July are not completely dark even when cloudy. Stockholm has relatively mild weather compared to other locations at

12688-457: The year. The precipitation is not uniformly distributed throughout the year. The second half of the year receives 50% more than the first half. Snowfall occurs mainly from December through March. Snowfall may occasionally occur in late October as well as in April. In Stockholm, the aurora borealis can occasionally be observed. Stockholm's location just south of the 60th parallel north means that

12810-506: The years 1991–2020 as compared with the last series, from 1961 to 1990. This increase averages about 1.0 °C (1.8 °F) over all months. Warming is most pronounced during the winter months, with an increase of more than 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) in January. For the 2002–2014 measurements some further increases have been found, although some months such as June have been relatively flat. The highest temperature ever recorded in Stockholm

12932-464: Was 36 °C (97 °F) on 3 July 1811; the lowest was −32 °C (−26 °F) on 20 January 1814. The temperature has not dropped to below −25.1 °C (−13.2 °F) since 10 January 1987. The warmest month ever recorded was July 2018 with a mean temperature of 22.5 °C (72.5 °F) which is also the nationwide record. Annual precipitation is 546.4 mm (21.51 in) with around 170 wet days and light to moderate rainfall throughout

13054-602: Was able to enter the city in 1520 and on 8 November of that year, a massacre of opposition figures called the Stockholm Bloodbath took place and set off further uprisings that eventually led to the breakup of the Kalmar Union with the attainment of Swedish independence. With the accession of Gustav Vasa in 1523 and the establishment of royal power, the population of Stockholm began to grow, reaching 10,000 by 1600. The seventeenth century saw Sweden grow into

13176-617: Was adopted by the Riksdag on 15 December 1977. The bill contained, among other things, a disbandment of Sundsvall Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Lv 5). The background was, among other things, that the government in its bill considered that Sundsvall Anti-Aircraft Regiment had unsatisfactory access to training areas in Sundsvall , which the government also stated that the Scanian Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Lv 4) in Malmö and

13298-399: Was because the Swedish government felt that the basic organization would mirror the war organization. In connection with this, the regiment was reduced to a corps on 1 July 1994 and regained its old name Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 3). By the Defence Act of 2000 , the government considered that only four air defense battalions were needed in the future organization. What was clear prior to

13420-474: Was because the activities at Gotland Anti-Aircraft Corps were considered too limited to be able to develop into a single unit for the country's air defence. Regarding Norrland Anti-Aircraft Corps , the government judged that it would give serious competence losses in the short term to locate the entire air defence function to Boden. The choice was between retaining Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 3) in Norrtälje or Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 6) in Halmstad, as

13542-489: Was decided to separate the air defence from the artillery to form its own branch. The change resulted, among other things, in the Gothenburg Anti-Aircraft Division being separated fromKarlsborg Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment and forming the Gothenburg Anti-Aircraft Corps (LV 6) on 1 October 1942 (Lv 6). The division from 1 October 1941 was stationed in provisional barracks on Kviberg road with

13664-407: Was disbanded. With this, the air defence became completely concentrated in Halmstad. The Defence Act of 2004 also included the disbandment of four military districts. The main tasks of the military districts were territorial activities, training of Home Guard and volunteer personnel and operations, primarily within the framework of support to society. Through the disbandment of the military districts,

13786-473: Was founded in 1827 and is Scandinavia's largest higher education institute of technology with 13,000 students; it is Sweden's foremost polytechnic, and spearheaded several governmental research projects in the twentieth century. Stockholm University , founded in 1878 with university status granted in 1960, has 52,000 students as of 2008 . It also incorporates historical institutions, such as the Observatory,

13908-553: Was held in 1897, drawing international attention. From 1887 to 1953 the Old Stockholm telephone tower was a landmark; originally built to link phone lines, it became redundant after these were buried, and it was later used for advertising before its demolition in the twentieth century. The early twentieth century also saw the creation of the Nobel Prizes , some of Stockholm's most renowned institutions. Stockholm became

14030-580: Was included in Stockholm Defence District, to become a B unit (training regiment), and its mobilization and material responsibilities were transferred to the Life Guard Dragoons, which became an A unit (defence district regiment, försvarsområdesregemente ). By the Defence Act of 1992, it was decided that all training regiments that did not raised war-time units of regimental size, should also not be called regiments. This

14152-445: Was judged by the government to have sufficiently good conditions for continued air defence training. In its bill regarding the Defence Act of 2000, the government disbanded Roslagen Anti-Aircraft Corps and retained the Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps. This was considered to be due to the Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps having a greater and better opportunity for garrison coordination with an expanded infrastructure to cope with increased mechanization of

14274-399: Was placed in a barracks camp at Kvibergsvägen 19-21. After the detachment was separated from the regiment on 1 October 1942 and formed the Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 6), the corps began to move into a newly built barracks area on Tunnlandsgatan 2A in Högsbo on 30 September 1944. On 12 August 1945 the move was completed, and on 21 October 1945 a ceremony was held over the move. On 1 April 1962,

14396-499: Was proposed that the Gothenburg Anti-Aircraft Corps should be moved and take over the establishment in Kviberg. Kviberg has had the Swedish Army Radar and Anti-Aircraft Engineering School ( Arméns radar- och luftvärnsmekanikerskola , RMS) since 1950, which the government also considered to facilitate the necessary collaboration between the two units. This was partly because Gothenburg was a primary protection object, which in

14518-479: Was replaced eventually by Stockholm Palace ; the time of the Swedish Empire also saw several architectural modernisations of the city. The beginning of the Swedish Empire saw a renaissance in the arts and sciences; the new queen, Christina , was a strong supporter of science and culture. Réne Descartes , one of the most prominent European philosophers of his time, died in Stockholm; he had been hosted by

14640-400: Was something that was considered to be an advantage for Göta Anti-Aircraft Corps, as it was already part of a garrison that housed both a military college and the Swedish Armed Forces' Halmstad Schools ( Försvarsmaktens Halmstadsskolor , FMHS). At the same time, the government considered that it was necessary to consider that the corps was affected in the two previous Defence Acts, partly through

14762-563: Was transferred from the Coastal Artillery to the Stockholm Anti-Aircraft Regiment, which formed the detachment of Stockholm Anti-Aircraft Regiment's Battery on Gotland (Lv 3 G). The detachment was located on Söderväg in southwest Visby . In 1945, the detachment moved to barracks 2 and 3, which were erected the same year at the Gotland Artillery Corps (A 7) barracks area on Östra Hansegatan. From 1 November 1952,

14884-511: Was transferred to the West Coast Naval Command . Through the Defence Act of 2000 , the government considered that only four anti-aircraft battalions were needed in the future rapid reaction organisation ( insatsorganisation ). What was clear before the Defence Act was to disband Gotland Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 2) and reduce Norrland Anti-Aircraft Corps (Lv 7) to a battalion and place it under Norrbotten Regiment (I 19). This

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