Great Partition ( Swedish : storskiftet Finnish : isojako ) was an agricultural land reform in Swedish Empire . It was a reform supported by the government with the purpose of shifting the land of the village communities, from the solskifte , where every farmer owned several pieces of land split about the village, to a new system, where every farmer owned a connected piece of farmland. The purpose was to increase profit. This was the greatest land reform in Swedish history.
7-404: The shift began in 1749 by the initiative of Jacob Faggot , and in 1757 a regulation was issued to given the reform a set organization. Initially, the request to start a reform of a peasant community demanded consensus, but in the regulation of 1757, a village could be shifted upon the request of only one farmer. The reform greatly changed the rural life. According to the old rules, solskifte ,
14-559: A founding member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1739, serving as its secretary from 1741 to 1744 and again from 1757 to 1760. He criticized the organization for using Latin instead of Swedish , which led to his founding the breakaway group Tungomålsgillet (Language Guild). Due to opposition from the Academy of Sciences, he was unable to get a royal charter for the organization. Faggot assisted in creating
21-632: The Storskiftet (great repartition), a land reform to improve agricultural output, similar to the British model, begun in 1749. He was involved in the mapping of Finland and led storskiftesverket in both Finland and Scania . From 1733 to 1739, Faggot served on the Tabellkommissionen (Commission for the adjustment of weights and measures). He later served as a member of the commission to oversee and improve forestry schemes. He became
28-465: The farmers of a village all had equal share in the land owned by the village collectively, and the land belonging to their farm were split around the area. This made the land belonging to each farm hard to access and work, as it was spread with long distances, but it also secured a greater social justice, as everyone had both bad and good land in their possession. The result of the reform was that each farm possessed fewer but larger land parcels. This made
35-555: The first Census in Sweden in 1749, after becoming the director of the Survey Office. In later life, he published on agricultural topics. His work researching genealogies via hemmansklyvning (division of inherited family lands) led to increased interest in population studies and local history. In 1730, Faggot married Elisabeth Ehrenström; the couple had five children. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences posthumously awarded
42-503: The land easier to use, but also lessened the standard of living for those being allotted bad land. The reform was slow, however, and new reform laws were introduced: the radical enskiftet of 1803-07 by initiative of Rutger Macklean signified the partition of the traditional villages in to separate farms, while the laga skiftet of 1827 was a more mild reform with better consideration for local necessities. Jacob Faggot Jacob Faggot (13 March 1699 – 28 February 1777)
49-524: Was a Swedish scientist, civil servant, and surveyor . Faggot was educated at Uppsala University and later worked as a tutor of Swedish political leader Nils Reuterholm . From 1727 onwards, he worked in the Lantmäterikontoret (surveying office) as a surveyor and geometry teacher. He became its director in 1747. On his initiative Sweden printed their first cadastral maps . His interest in reforming Swedish agriculture led him to implement
#241758