98-615: The Strand Campus is the founding campus of King's College London and is located on the Strand in the City of Westminster , adjacent to Somerset House and continuing its frontage along the River Thames . The original campus comprises the Grade I listed King's Building of 1831 designed by Sir Robert Smirke , and the college chapel , redesigned in 1864 by Sir George Gilbert Scott with
196-700: A Tory response to reassert the educational values of the established order. More widely, King's was one of the first of a series of institutions which came about in the early nineteenth century as a result of the Industrial Revolution and great social changes in England following the Napoleonic Wars . By virtue of its foundation King's has enjoyed the patronage of the monarch , the Archbishop of Canterbury as its visitor and during
294-550: A military hospital in 1915 during World War I. It became the King George Military Hospital, and accommodated about 1,800 patients on 63 wards. Now the largest university building in London, the building was acquired by King's in the 1980s and underwent extensive refurbishment in 2000. The building is named after Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins for their major contributions to the discovery of
392-471: A 50-year lease for the Aldwych Quarter site incorporating the historic Bush House . It has been occupied since 2017. In 2017, former-president and principal Edward Byrne launched Vision 2029, a strategy that seeks to broaden the base of King's, extend the reach of King's, expand access, deliver an extraordinary student experience and strengthen how well the university works together. Strategy 2026
490-507: A Byzantine style, integrating it to the existing plain structure by substituting a waggon roof for the existing flat ceiling. Scott was appointed architect to Westminster Abbey in 1849, and in 1853 he built a Gothic terraced block adjoining the abbey in Broad Sanctuary. In 1858 he designed ChristChurch Cathedral , Christchurch, New Zealand which now lies partly ruined following the earthquake in 2011 and subsequent attempts by
588-607: A Military Department to train officers for the Army and the British East India Company , and in 1846 a Theological Department to train Anglican priests. In 1855, King's pioneered evening classes in London; that King's granted students at the evening classes certificates of college attendance to enable them to sit University of London degree exams was cited as an example of the worthlessness of these certificates in
686-469: A friend of Israel Gollancz , Professor of English Language and Literature at King's. They were placed in the foyer (old entrance hall) of the King's Building, where they have remained ever since. The two statues symbolise King's motto of sancte et sapienter ('with holiness and with wisdom'). The Great Hall is one of the central congregation spaces within the King's Building. Many original features and styles of
784-567: A further attempt was made to acquire the East Wing. The report recommended a large expansion in student numbers accommodated by a new building programme. The King's "quadrilateral plan" was to create a campus stretching from Norfolk Street in the east to Waterloo Bridge Road in the west. Plans were also drawn up for modern high-rise buildings along the Strand and Surrey Street to house a new library and laboratories. A contemporary report stated that
882-505: A letter to Wellington, he accused the Duke to have in mind "insidious designs for the infringement of our liberty and the introduction of Popery into every department of the State". The letter provoked a furious exchange of correspondence and Wellington accused Winchilsea of imputing him with "disgraceful and criminal motives" in setting up King's College London. When Winchilsea refused to retract
980-694: A new public arts venue for London. Proposals were also aired for the relocation of the Tate Gallery to the site. In the 1990s the eventual vacation by government departments and a comprehensive restoration programme saw the opening of the Courtauld Gallery , the Gilbert and Hermitage collections and the Edmond J. Safra Fountain Court. In early 2010 a £25 million renovation of the East Wing
1078-404: A plan he and his second almost certainly decided upon before the duel; Wellington took aim and fired wide to the right. Accounts differ as to whether Wellington missed on purpose. Wellington, noted for his poor aim, claimed he did, other reports more sympathetic to Winchilsea claimed he had aimed to kill. Honour was saved and Winchilsea wrote Wellington an apology. "Duel Day" is still celebrated on
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#17327941956321176-457: A proposal by King's chaplain, the Reverend E. H. Plumptre, that the original chapel should be reconstructed was approved by King's College London council, who agreed that its "meagreness and poverty" made it unworthy of King's. King's approached Sir George Gilbert Scott to make proposals. In his proposal of 22 December 1859 he suggested that, "There can be no doubt that, in a classic building,
1274-521: A public bath was in the late eighteenth century. The 'Roman bath' is mentioned by Charles Dickens in chapters thirty-five and thirty-six of the novel David Copperfield . There was an old Roman bath in those days at the bottom of one of the streets out of the Strand—it may be there still—in which I have had many a cold plunge. Dressing myself as quietly as I could, and leaving Peggotty to look after my aunt, I tumbled head foremost into it, and then went for
1372-727: A pulpit for Lincoln Cathedral in 1863. Scott restored the Inner Gateway (also known as the Abbey Gateway) of Reading Abbey in 1860–61 after its partial collapse. St Mary's of Charity in Faversham , which was restored (and transformed, with an unusual spire and unexpected interior) by Scott in 1874, and Dundee Parish Church , and designed the chapels of Exeter College, Oxford , St John's College, Cambridge and King's College, London . He also designed St Paul's Cathedral, Dundee . Lichfield Cathedral 's ornate West Front
1470-404: A pupil of James Edmeston and, from 1832 to 1834, worked as an assistant to Henry Roberts . He also worked as an assistant for his friend, Sampson Kempthorne , who specialised in the design of workhouses, a field in which Scott was to begin his independent career. Scott's first work was built in 1833; it was a vicarage for his father in the village of Wappenham , Northamptonshire. It replaced
1568-465: A walk to Hampstead. Moreover, part of Aldwych tube station , a well-preserved but disused London Underground station, is utilised as part of the campus. A 20m rifle range , used by King's College London Rifle and Pistol Club was constructed in the 1920s on the leased site of the disused second platform and tunnel of the station, which were taken out of service during the First World War, and
1666-530: A woman, Linetta de Castelvecchio . The end of the war saw an influx of students, which strained existing facilities to the point where some classes were held in the Principal's house. In World War II, the buildings of King's College London were used by the Auxiliary Fire Service with a number of King's staff, mainly those then known as college servants, serving as firewatchers . Parts of
1764-1109: Is Waterloo . The St Thomas' Campus in the London Borough of Lambeth , facing the Houses of Parliament across the Thames, houses parts of the School of Medicine and the Dental Institute. The Florence Nightingale Museum is also located here. The museum is dedicated to Florence Nightingale, the founder of the Nightingale Training School of St Thomas' Hospital (now King's Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care). St Thomas' Hospital became part of King's College London School of Medicine in 1998. The St Thomas' Hospital and Campus were named after St Thomas Becket . The Department of Twin Research ( TwinsUk ), King's College London
1862-540: Is a founding member of the King's Health Partners academic health sciences centre , Francis Crick Institute and MedCity . It is the largest European centre for graduate and post-graduate medical teaching and biomedical research, by number of students, and includes the world's first nursing school, the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery . King's is generally regarded as part of
1960-465: Is based. Its academic activities are organised into nine faculties, which are subdivided into numerous departments, centres, and research divisions. In 2022/23, King's had a total income of £1.230 billion, of which £236.3 million was from research grants and contracts. It has the fourth largest endowment of any university in the United Kingdom, and the largest of any in London. King's
2058-751: Is located in St. Thomas' Hospital. The nearest Underground station is Westminster . Denmark Hill Campus is situated in south London near the borders of the London Borough of Lambeth and the London Borough of Southwark in Camberwell and is the only campus not situated on the River Thames. The campus consists of King's College Hospital , the Maudsley Hospital and the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN). In addition to
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#17327941956322156-466: Is located on the Strand in the City of Westminster , sharing its frontage along the River Thames . The original campus comprises the Grade I listed King's Building of 1831 designed by Sir Robert Smirke , and the King's College London Chapel redesigned in 1864 by Sir Gilbert Scott , with the subsequent purchase of much of adjacent Surrey Street (including the Norfolk and Chesham Buildings) since
2254-487: Is situated adjacent to the Strand Campus. A condition of King's acquiring the site in the 1820s was that it should be erected "on a plan which would complete the river front of Somerset House at its eastern extremity in accordance with the original design of Sir William Chambers " which had for so long offended "every eye of taste for its incomplete appearance". In 1875, a dispute arose when new windows were added to
2352-732: Is the fifth-largest university in the United Kingdom by total enrolment and receives over 69,000 undergraduate applications per year (36,000 domestic and 33,000 international). King's is a member of academic organisations including the Association of Commonwealth Universities , the European University Association , and the Russell Group . King's is home to the Medical Research Council 's MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders and
2450-640: The Admiral's House on Admiral's Walk in Hampstead . Scott married Caroline Oldrid of Boston in 1838. Two of his sons George Gilbert Scott, Jr. (founder of Watts & Company in 1874) and John Oldrid Scott , and his grandson Giles Gilbert Scott , were also prominent architects. His third son, photographer, Albert Henry Scott (1844–65) died at the age of twenty-one; George Gilbert designed his funerary monument in St Peter's Church, Petersham , whilst he
2548-698: The Foreign and Commonwealth Office , all in London, St Mary's Cathedral, Glasgow , the main building of the University of Glasgow , St Mary's Cathedral in Edinburgh and King's College Chapel, London . Born in Gawcott , Buckingham , Buckinghamshire, Scott was the son of the Reverend Thomas Scott (1780–1835) and grandson of the biblical commentator Thomas Scott . He studied architecture as
2646-630: The Francis Crick Institute , committing £40 million to the project. The Chemistry department was reopened in 2011 following its closure in 2003. In February 2012, Her Majesty The Queen officially opened Somerset House East Wing. In September 2014, King's College London opened King's College London Mathematics School , a free school sixth form located in Lambeth that specialises in mathematics. In October 2014, Ed Byrne replaced Rick Trainor as Principal of King's College London,
2744-662: The GKT School of Medical Education . Also in 1998 Florence Nightingale 's original training school for nurses merged with the King's Department of Nursing Studies as the Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery . The same year King's acquired the former Public Record Office building on Chancery Lane and converted it at a cost of £35 million into the Maughan Library , which opened in 2002. In July 2006, King's College London
2842-587: The Hepatitis D genome , and the Higgs boson ; pioneers of in-vitro fertilisation , stem cell / mammal cloning and the modern hospice movement; and key researchers advancing radar, radio, television and mobile phones. Alumni also include heads of states, governments and intergovernmental organisations; seventeen members of the current House of Commons , two Speakers of the House of Commons and thirteen members of
2940-682: The National Trust and popularly known as the 'Roman bath' is situated on the site of the Strand Campus beneath the Norfolk Building and can be accessed via the Surrey Street entrance. Hidden by surrounding King's buildings, the bath was widely thought to be of Roman origin giving its popular name; however, it is more likely that it was originally a cistern for a fountain built in the gardens of Somerset House for Queen Anne of Denmark in 1612. Evidence of its first use as
3038-610: The Neo-Norman church of St Peter at Norbiton , Surrey (1841). They built Reading Gaol (1841–42) in a picturesque, castellated style. Meanwhile, he was inspired by Augustus Pugin to participate in the Gothic Revival . While still in partnership with Moffat. he designed the Martyrs' Memorial on St Giles', Oxford (1841), and St Giles' Church, Camberwell (1844), both of which helped establish his reputation within
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3136-841: The Southbank Centre in the London Borough of Lambeth and consists of the James Clerk Maxwell Building, the Franklin – Wilkins Building and the Waterloo Bridge Wing Building. Cornwall House, now the Franklin-Wilkins Building, constructed between 1912 and 1915 was originally the His Majesty's Stationery Office (responsible for Crown copyright and National Archives ), but was requisitioned for use as
3234-749: The United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals and the Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery (in 1998). King's has five campuses: its historic Strand Campus in central London, three other Thames -side campuses (Guy's, St Thomas' and Waterloo) nearby and one in Denmark Hill in south London . It also has a presence in Shrivenham , Oxfordshire , for its professional military education, and another in Newquay , Cornwall , where its information service centre
3332-453: The " golden triangle " of universities located in the cities of Oxford, Cambridge and London. King's has often had royal patronage by virtue of its foundation, with the late Queen Elizabeth II having been patron and her son King Charles III taking over patronage in May 2024. King's alumni and staff include 14 Nobel laureates ; contributors to the discovery of DNA structure, Hepatitis C ,
3430-671: The 1829 charter (although King's remained incorporated under that charter). The act also changed King's College London from a (technically) for-profit corporation to a non-profit one (no dividends had ever been paid in over 50 years of operation) and extended the objects of King's to include the education of women. The Ladies' Department of King's College London was opened in Kensington Square in 1885, which later in 1902 became King's College Women's Department. The King's College London Act 1903 ( 3 Edw. 7 . c. xcii) abolished all remaining religious tests for staff, except within
3528-881: The Anglican Church authorities to demolish it. Demolition was blocked after appeals by the people of Christchurch, and in September 2017 the Christchurch Diocesan Synod announced that the cathedral would be reinstated. The choir stalls at Lancing College in Sussex, which Scott designed with Walter Tower, were among many examples of his work that incorporated green men . Later, Scott went beyond copying mediaeval English gothic for his Victorian Gothic or Gothic Revival buildings, and began to introduce features from other styles and European countries as evidenced in his Midland red-brick construction,
3626-603: The East Wing of Somerset House and the Virginia Woolf Building next to LSE on Kingsway . In 2015, King's acquired a 50-year lease for the Aldwych Quarter site incorporating the historic Bush House . It began occupation of Bush House and Strand House on a phased basis, starting with the north west wing of Bush House in September 2016, with King House and Melbourne House to be added from 2025. The nearest Underground stations are Temple , Charing Cross and Covent Garden . The Grade I listed King's Building
3724-596: The East Wing. There was even a suggestion that King's should be relocated to new premises in Bloomsbury to alleviate space concerns; however, these plans never came to fruition. Instead, a new top floor was added to the King's Building to house the Anatomy Department and other buildings along Surrey Street were purchased. Following the publication of the Robbins Report on Higher Education in 1963
3822-485: The Faculties of Arts & Humanities , Law , Social Science & Public Policy and Natural & Mathematical Sciences (formerly Physical Sciences & Engineering & Computer Science). The Strand is also home to King's College London Archives, which holds a number of collections including the papers of Field Marshal Alan Brooke, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke . Since 2010, the campus has expanded rapidly to incorporate
3920-544: The Faculty of Social Science & Public Policy, Department of Informatics (part of the Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences), English Language Centre, Entrepreneurship Institute and core Student Services functions, including King's Sport, Counselling and Careers. It houses new facilities for the students' union, including new bars and catering, and (from August 2017) the King's Business School. A Stuart cistern and later eighteenth century public bath protected by
4018-599: The Foreign Office and War Office. Before work began, however, the administration which had approved his plans went out of office. Palmerston, the new Prime Minister, objected to Scott's use of the Gothic, and the architect – after some resistance – drew up new plans in a more acceptable style. Scott designed the memorial to Thomas Clarkson in Wisbech , where his brother Rev John Scott was vicar. The Clarkson Memorial
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4116-400: The Guy's Campus including activity rooms, meeting rooms alongside a student cafe; The Shed and student bar; Guy's Bar. Guy's Campus is located opposite the Old Operating Theatre Museum , which was part of old St Thomas Hospital in Southwark. The nearest Underground stations are London Bridge and Borough . The Waterloo Campus is located across Waterloo Bridge from the Strand Campus, near
4214-407: The Hall, such as the oak panelling and the King's College crest, were repaired, and Grade I listed windows, ceiling and column capital were refurbished in the 21st century. The original King's College London Chapel was designed by Sir Robert Smirke and was completed in 1831 as part of the King's building. Given the foundation of the university in the tradition of the Church of England the chapel
4312-439: The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, parts of the Dental Institute and School of Medicine, and a large hall of residence, King's College Hall, are situated here. Other buildings include the campus library known as the Weston Education Centre (WEC), the James Black Centre, the Rayne Institute (haemato-oncology) and the Cicely Saunders Institute ( palliative care ). The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute
4410-411: The King's Buildings between 2004 and 2006, and renovation of the East Wing of Somerset House between 2009 (when the college secured a 78 year lease) and 2012, and the completion of the £10 million Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care on the Denmark Hill campus. More recently, a £42 million development for the Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute was completed in 2016, and a sports pavilion
4508-406: The Midland Grand Hotel at London's St Pancras Station, from which approach Scott believed a new style might emerge. In 1863, after restoration of the chapel at Sudeley Castle , the remains of Queen Catherine Parr were placed in a new neo-Gothic canopied tomb designed by Gilbert Scott and created by sculptor John Birnie Philip . Between 1864 and 1876, the Albert Memorial , designed by Scott,
4606-439: The Office of the President and Principal. Since 2010, the campus has expanded rapidly to incorporate the East Wing of Somerset House and the Virginia Woolf Building next to LSE on Kingsway . It has also expanded to incorporate Bush House , which formerly housed the BBC World Service . The nearest Underground stations are Temple , Charing Cross and Covent Garden . Guy's Campus is situated close to London Bridge and
4704-405: The Royal Institute of British Architects . His projects include: Scott was involved in major restorations of medieval church architecture, all across England. Additionally, Scott designed the Mason and Dixon monument in York Minster (1860), prepared plans for the restoration of Bristol Cathedral in 1859 and Norwich Cathedral in 1860 neither of which resulted in a commission, and designed
4802-473: The Second World War and the 1972 Strand Building. The Macadam Building of 1975 houses the Strand Campus Students' Union and is named after King's alumnus Sir Ivison Macadam , first President of the National Union of Students . The Strand Campus houses the arts and science faculties of King's, including the faculties of Arts & Humanities , Law , Business, Social Science & Public Policy and Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences. It also houses
4900-415: The Senior department teaching was divided into three courses: a general course comprised divinity, classical languages, mathematics, English literature and history; a medical course; and miscellaneous subjects, such as law, political economy and modern languages, which were not related to any systematic course of study at the time and depended for their continuance on the supply of occasional students. In 1833
4998-490: The Shard on the South Bank of the Thames and is home to the Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine and the Dental Institute. The campus is named for Thomas Guy , the founder and benefactor of Guy's Hospital established in 1726 in the London Borough of Southwark . Buildings include: the Henriette Raphael building, constructed in 1902, the Gordon Museum of Pathology , the Hodgkin building, Shepherd's House and Guy's Chapel. The Students' Union has extensive facilities on
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#17327941956325096-489: The Strand Quadrangle between the King's Building and Somerset House was announced in April 2012. This was completed in 2022. As well as the creation of new social spaces in the quadrangle, the space beneath the quadrangle was redeveloped to provide 3,000 square metres of new laboratories and teaching spaces for the department of engineering. Sir George Gilbert Scott Sir George Gilbert Scott RA (13 July 1811 – 27 March 1878), largely known as Sir Gilbert Scott ,
5194-424: The Strand building, the quadrangle , and the roof of apse and stained glass windows of the chapel suffered bomb damage in the Blitz . During the post-war reconstruction, the vaults beneath the quadrangle were replaced by a two-storey laboratory, which opened in 1952, for the departments of Physics and Civil and Electrical Engineering. One of the most famous pieces of scientific research performed at King's were
5292-562: The Strand designed by E. D. Jefferiss Mathews was opened in 1972. In 1980 King's regained its legal independence under a new Royal Charter. In 1993 King's, along with other large University of London colleges, gained direct access to government funding (which had previously been through the university) and the right to confer University of London degrees itself. This contributed to King's and the other large colleges being regarded as de facto universities in their own right. King's College London underwent several mergers with other institutions in
5390-409: The Theological department. In 1910, King's was (with the exception of the Theological department) merged into the University of London under the King's College London (Transfer) Act 1908 ( 8 Edw. 7 . c. xxxix), losing its legal independence. During the First World War, the medical school was opened to women for the first time. From 1916 to 1921, the college's Department of Italian was headed by
5488-410: The UK armed services through the Joint Services Command and Staff College since 2000 under contract to the Ministry of Defence . Between 1999 and 2010, more than half of King's activities were moved into new or refurbished buildings. Major projects in this period included a £40 million renovation of the former public records office to become the Maughan Library in 2002, a £40 million renovation of
5586-423: The best mode of giving ecclesiastical character is the adoption of the form and, in some degree, the character of an ancient basilica." His proposals for a chapel modelled on the lines of a classical basilica were accepted and the reconstruction was completed in 1864 at a cost of just over £7,000. In December 2009, King's signed a 78-year lease to the East Wing of Somerset House . It has been described as one of
5684-402: The competition, the winner being one in a Florentine inspired style by Gottfried Semper , but the decision was overturned by a faction who favoured a Gothic design. Scott's entry had been the only design in the Gothic style. In 1854 he remodelled the Camden Chapel in Camberwell , a project in which the critic John Ruskin took a close interest and made many suggestions. He added an apse, in
5782-434: The crucial contributions to the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA in 1953 by Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin , together with Raymond Gosling , Alex Stokes , Herbert Wilson , and other colleagues at the Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics at King's. Major reconstruction of King's began in 1966 following the publication of the Robbins Report on Higher Education. A new block facing
5880-414: The current House of Lords ; and the recipients of three Oscars , three Grammys , one Emmy , one Golden Globe , and one Booker Prize . King's College, so named to indicate the patronage of King George IV , was founded in 1829 (though the roots of King's medical school, St. Thomas, date back to the 16th century with recorded first teaching in 1561) in response to the theological controversy surrounding
5978-420: The decision by the University of London to end the affiliated colleges system in 1858 and open their examinations to everyone. The King's College London Act 1882 ( 45 & 46 Vict. c. xiii) amended the constitution. The act removed the proprietorial nature of King's, changing the name of the corporation from "The Governors and Proprietors of King's College, London" to "King's College London" and annulling
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#17327941956326076-433: The fact that King's is a constituent college of the University of London. All current students with at least one year of study remaining were in August 2007 offered the option of choosing to be awarded a University of London degree or a King's degree. The first King's degrees were awarded in summer 2008. In April 2011, King's became a founding partner in the UK Centre for Medical Research and Innovation, subsequently renamed
6174-450: The façade overlooking King's. Following a complaint by King's College London council at the loss of privacy, the response of the Metropolitan Board of Works was that "the terms under which the college is held are not such as to enable the council to restrict Her Majesty from opening windows in Somerset House whenever she may think proper". By the end of World War I, King's began to outgrow its premises which led to rekindled efforts to acquire
6272-401: The first Thursday after 21 March every year, marked by various events throughout King's, including reenactments. King's opened in October 1831 with the cleric William Otter appointed as first principal and lecturer in divinity. The Archbishop of Canterbury presided over the opening ceremony, in which a sermon was given in the chapel by Charles James Blomfield , the Bishop of London , on
6370-418: The founding of "London University" (which later became University College, London ) in 1826. London University was founded, with the backing of Utilitarians , Jews and Nonconformists , as a secular institution, intended to educate "the youth of our middling rich people between the ages of 15 or 16 and 20 or later" giving its nickname, "the godless college in Gower Street". The need for such an institution
6468-444: The general course was reorganised leading to the award of the Associate of King's College (AKC), the first qualification issued by King's. The course, which concerns questions of ethics and theology, is still awarded today to students and staff who take an optional three-year course alongside their studies. The river frontage was completed in April 1835 at a cost of £7,100, its completion a condition of King's College London securing
6566-460: The late 20th century. These including the reincorporation in 1983 of the King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, which had become independent of King's College Hospital at the foundation of the National Health Service in 1948, mergers with Queen Elizabeth College and Chelsea College in 1985, and the Institute of Psychiatry in 1997. In 1998 the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals merged with King's to form
6664-447: The latter having served for 10 years. In December 2014, King's announced its plans to rebrand its name to 'King's London'. It was emphasised that there were no plans to change the legal name of King's, and that the name 'King's London' was designed to promote King's and to highlight the fact that King's is a university in its own right. King's announced that the rebranding plans had been dropped in January 2015. In 2015, King's acquired
6762-401: The longest-ever property negotiations, taking over 180 years to complete. Since King's was built it has been in various discussions to expand into one of the wings of Somerset House itself; however, the relationship between King's and HM Revenue and Customs that occupied the East Wing were sometimes difficult. Sir Robert Smirke 's design of King's was sympathetic to that of Somerset House which
6860-668: The medical schools at the London hospitals could confer degrees. In 1835 the government announced that it would establish an examining board to grant degrees, with "London University" and King's both becoming affiliated colleges. This became the University of London in 1836, the former "London University" becoming University College, London (UCL). The first University of London degrees were awarded to King's College London students in 1839. In 1840, King's opened its own hospital on Portugal Street near Lincoln's Inn Fields , an area composed of overcrowded rookeries characterised by poverty and disease. The governance of King's College Hospital
6958-407: The movement. Commemorating three Protestants burnt during the reign of Queen Mary , the Martyrs' Memorial was intended as a rebuke to those very high church tendencies which had been instrumental in promoting the new authentic approach to Gothic architecture. St Giles' was in plan, with its long chancel, of the type advocated by the Ecclesiological Society : Charles Locke Eastlake said that "in
7056-605: The neighbourhood of London no church of its time was considered in purer style or more orthodox in its arrangement". It did, however, like many churches of the time, incorporate wooden galleries, not used in medieval churches and highly disapproved of by the high church ecclesiological movement. In 1844 he received the commission to rebuild the Nikolaikirche in Hamburg (completed 1863), following an international competition. Scott's design had originally been placed third in
7154-633: The nineteenth century counted among its official governors the Lord Chancellor , Speaker of the House of Commons and the Lord Mayor of London . The simultaneous support of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (who was also Prime Minister of the United Kingdom then), for an Anglican King's College London and the Roman Catholic Relief Act , which was to lead to the granting of almost full civil rights to Catholics,
7252-538: The patronage of King George IV and the Duke of Wellington . In 1836, King's became one of the two founding colleges of the University of London . It is one of the oldest university-level institutions in England . In the late 20th century, King's grew through a series of mergers, including with Queen Elizabeth College and Chelsea College of Science and Technology (in 1985), the Institute of Psychiatry (in 1997),
7350-633: The previous vicarage occupied by other relatives of Scott. Scott went on to design several other buildings in the village. In about 1835, Scott took on William Bonython Moffatt as his assistant and later (1838–1845) as his partner. Over ten years or so, Scott and Moffatt designed more than forty workhouses in the wake of the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 . Their first churches were St Mary Magdalene at Flaunden , Bucks (1838, for Samuel King, Scott's uncle); St Nicholas, Newport, Lincoln (1839); St John, Wall, Staffordshire (1839); and
7448-469: The range remains in use, despite the closure of the station as part of the network in 1994. 51°30′43″N 0°07′00″W / 51.51194°N 0.11667°W / 51.51194; -0.11667 King%27s College London King's College London (informally King's or KCL ) is a public research university located in London , England. King's was established by royal charter in 1829 under
7546-550: The redevelopment would provide "London with a university precinct on the Strand of which the capital could be proud". The plans were revisited in the early 1970s by the then Principal, Sir John Hackett ; however, progress was prevented by funding problems and the unwillingness of the Government to re-house its civil servants. In 1971 the Evening Standard led a public campaign for Somerset House to be transformed into
7644-466: The remarks, Wellington – by his own admission, "no advocate of duelling" and a virgin duellist – demanded satisfaction in a contest of arms: "I now call upon your lordship to give me that satisfaction for your conduct which a gentleman has a right to require, and which a gentleman never refuses to give." The result was a duel in Battersea Fields on 21 March 1829. Winchilsea did not fire,
7742-588: The site from the Crown. Unlike those in the school, student numbers in the Senior department remained almost stationary during King's first five years of existence. During this time the medical school was blighted by inefficiency and the divided loyalties of the staff leading to a steady decline in attendance. One of the most important appointments was that of Charles Wheatstone as professor of Experimental Philosophy. At this time neither King's, "London University", nor
7840-496: The structure of DNA. Today it is home to: The adjacent James Clerk Maxwell Building houses the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care and many of the central professional services functions of the college. The Building was named after Scottish mathematical physicist James Clerk Maxwell , who was the Professor of Natural Philosophy at King's from 1860 to 1865. The nearest Underground station
7938-469: The subject of combining religious instruction with intellectual culture. Despite the attempts to make King's Anglican-only, the initial prospectus permitted, "nonconformists of all sorts to enter the college freely". William Howley : the governors and the professors, except the linguists, had to be members of the Church of England but the students did not, though attendance at chapel was compulsory. King's
8036-636: The subsequent purchase of much of adjacent Surrey Street (including the Norfolk and Chesham Buildings) since the Second World War and the 1972 Strand Building. The Macadam Building of 1975 previously housed the Strand Campus Students' Union and is named after King's alumnus Sir Ivison Macadam , first President of the National Union of Students . The Strand Campus houses the arts and science faculties of King's, including
8134-536: Was a prolific English Gothic Revival architect, chiefly associated with the design, building and renovation of churches and cathedrals, although he started his career as a leading designer of workhouses . Over 800 buildings were designed or altered by him. Scott was the architect of many notable buildings, including the Midland Grand Hotel at St Pancras Station , the Albert Memorial , and
8232-405: Was a result of the religious and social nature of the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, which then educated solely the sons of wealthy Anglicans . The secular nature of London University gained disapproval, indeed, "the storms of opposition which raged around it threatened to crush every spark of vital energy which remained". The creation of King's College as a rival institution represented
8330-419: Was announced in 2022 as a refreshed path towards delivering Vision 2029, with four fundamental priorities: Enabling student success; A thriving King's staff community; Sustainable research and innovation excellence; Knowledge with purpose. In 2024, King's announced a major £45.5 million investment in science talent, research, education and infrastructure. The Strand Campus is the founding campus of King's and
8428-592: Was challenged by George Finch-Hatton, 10th Earl of Winchilsea , in early 1829. Winchilsea and his supporters wished for King's to be subject to the Test Acts , like the universities of Oxford , where only members of the Church of England could matriculate , and Cambridge , where non-Anglicans could matriculate but not graduate, but this was not Wellington's intent. Winchilsea and about 150 other contributors withdrew their support of King's College London in response to Wellington's support of Catholic emancipation . In
8526-615: Was completed after his death under the direction of his son John in 1881. Scott was awarded the RIBA 's Royal Gold Medal in 1859. He was appointed an Honorary Liveryman of the Turners' Company ; and on 9 August 1872 he was knighted , choosing the style Sir Gilbert Scott. He died in 1878 and is buried in Westminster Abbey . A London County Council " blue plaque " (in fact brown) was placed in 1910 to mark Scott's residence at
8624-585: Was constructed at Honor Oar Park Sportsground in 2016. The Strand Campus redevelopment won the Green Gown Award in 2007 for sustainable construction. The award recognised the "reduced energy and carbon emissions from a sustainable refurbishment of the historic South Range of the King's Building". King's was also the recipient of the 2003 City Heritage Award for the conversion of the Grade II* listed Maughan Library . A £20 million redevelopment of
8722-516: Was constructed in Hyde Park . It was a commission on behalf of Queen Victoria in memory of her husband, Prince Albert . Scott advocated the use of Gothic architecture for secular buildings, rejecting what he called "the absurd supposition that Gothic architecture is exclusively and intrinsically ecclesiastical." He was the winner of a competition to design new buildings in Whitehall to house
8820-541: Was designed by Sir Robert Smirke in 1831. It is the founding building of King's, located alongside Somerset House. Sir John Nash (the architect of Buckingham Palace ) offered free services for the building, yet this was declined by King's since the same was in favour of the services of Sir Robert Smirke (the architect of the British Museum and King's neighbour, Somerset House ). Marble statues of Sappho and Sophocles were bequeathed by Frida Mond in 1923,
8918-442: Was divided into a senior department and a junior department, also known as King's College School , which was originally situated in the basement of the Strand Campus. The Junior department started with 85 pupils and only three teachers, but quickly grew to 500 by 1841, outgrowing its facilities and leading it to relocate to Wimbledon in 1897 where it remains today, though it is no longer associated with King's College London. Within
9016-463: Was extensively renovated by Scott from 1855 to 1878. He restored the cathedral to the form he believed it took in the Middle Ages , working with original materials where possible and creating imitations when the originals were not available. It is recognised as some of his finest work. In 1854 Gilbert Scott began a restoration of Sudeley Castle "working on the western side of the inner court in
9114-524: Was granted degree-awarding powers in its own right, as opposed to through the University of London , by the Privy Council . This power remained unexercised until 2007, when King's announced that all students starting courses from September 2007 onwards would be awarded degrees conferred by King's itself, rather than by the University of London. The new certificates however still make reference to
9212-486: Was intended to be an integral part of the campus. This is reflected in its central location within the King's Building on the first floor above the Great Hall, accessible via a grand double staircase from the foyer. The original chapel was described as a low and broad room "fitted to the ecclesiological notions of George IV 's reign." However, by the mid nineteenth century its style had fallen out of fashion and in 1859
9310-441: Was later transferred to the corporation of the hospital established by the King's College Hospital Act 1851. The hospital moved to new premises in Denmark Hill , Camberwell in 1913. The appointment in 1877 of Joseph Lister as professor of clinical surgery greatly benefited the medical school, and the introduction of Lister's antiseptic surgical methods gained the hospital an international reputation. In 1845 King's established
9408-1505: Was living at The Manor House at Ham in Richmond. His fifth and youngest son was the botanist Dukinfield Henry Scott . He was also great-uncle of the architect Elisabeth Scott . Scott's success attracted a large number of pupils and many would go on to have successful careers of their own, not always as architects. Some notable pupils are as follows, their time in Scott's office shown after their name: Hubert Austin (1868), Joseph Maltby Bignell (1859–78), George Frederick Bodley (1845–56), Charles Buckeridge (1856–57), Somers Clarke (1865), William Henry Crossland (dates uncertain), C. Hodgson Fowler (1856–60), Thomas Garner (1856–61), Thomas Graham Jackson (1858–61), John T. Micklethwaite (1862–69), Benjamin Mountfort (1841–46), John Norton (1870–78), George Gilbert Scott, Jr. (1856–63), John Oldrid Scott (1858–78), J. J. Stevenson (1858–60), George Edmund Street (1844–49), and William White (1845–47). Additionally he wrote over forty pamphlets and reports. As well as publishing articles, letters, lectures and reports in The Builder , The Ecclesiologist , The Building News , The British Architect , The Civil Engineer's and Architect's Journal , The Illustrated London News , The Times and Transactions of
9506-717: Was opened by the Princess Royal in 2015 at the Denmark Hill Campus. It is named after British philanthropist Maurice Wohl , who had a long association with King's and supported many medical projects. The nearest Overground station is Denmark Hill . Whilst not a formal campus, King's retains an academic presence and estate at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom in Shrivenham , Oxfordshire . Through its Defence Studies Department, King's has delivered professional military training to much of
9604-647: Was undertaken and took 18 months to complete. On 29 February 2012, Queen Elizabeth II officially opened the building. It is home to the School of Law , a public exhibition space called the Inigo Rooms curated by the King's Cultural Institute as well as adding a further entrance to the Strand Campus. Previously the headquarters of BBC World Service , King's began occupying Bush House in September 2016 with full occupation scheduled for completion in summer 2017. The prestigious site will provide expanded accommodation to
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