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178-496: A stripper or exotic dancer is a person whose occupation involves performing striptease in a public adult entertainment venue such as a strip club . At times, a stripper may be hired to perform at private events. Modern forms of stripping minimize the interaction of strippers with customers, reducing the importance of the tease in the performance in favor of speed of undress (the strip ). Not all strippers are comfortable dancing topless or fully nude, but in general, full nudity
356-512: A bachelorette party or Hen party. Private parties are popular events for which to hire strippers. There are many entertainment businesses that have strippers contracted for private performances. Some of these companies have a national presence, with strippers contracted in multiple states and some who work regionally over a multi-state area. Strippers will also do side work and handle their own agreements and payment arrangements. Written agreements are atypical in this type of transaction unless
534-439: A seductive and sexually suggestive manner. The person who performs a striptease is commonly known as a " stripper " or an "exotic" or " burlesque " dancer. The origins of striptease as a performance art are disputed and various dates and occasions have been given from ancient Babylonia to 20th century America. The term "striptease" was first recorded in 1932. In Western countries, the venues where stripteases are performed on
712-467: A "disrobing" act onstage as early as 1896, which was captured in the 1901 Edison film Trapeze Disrobing Act . Another milestone for modern American striptease is the possibly legendary show at Minsky's Burlesque in April 1925 that inspired the novel and film The Night They Raided Minsky's . Another performer, Hinda Wassau , claimed to have inadvertently invented the striptease in 1928 when her costume
890-488: A "mystifying spectacle", a "reassuring ritual" where "evil is advertised the better to impede and exorcise it". By the 1960s "fully nude" shows were provided at such places as Le Crazy Horse Saloon . In the United States, striptease started in traveling carnivals and burlesque theatres, and featured famous strippers such as Gypsy Rose Lee and Sally Rand . The vaudeville trapeze artist Charmion performed
1068-430: A 10% service charge, which is subject to the 9% Goods & Services Tax . Excess tipping is not practiced and is rarely expected in most instances. Tips may be regarded as an insult or mistaken for illegal bribery. Taxi drivers given a tip will mistake it for overpayment, and return the exact change. In Taiwan , tipping is not customary, but all mid and high end restaurants include a mandatory "10% service charge", which
1246-476: A New Burlesque troupe. Until the 1970s, strippers in Western cultures were almost invariably female, performing to male audiences. Since then, male strippers have also become common. Before the 1970s, dancers of both sexes appeared largely in underground clubs or as part of a theatre experience, but the practice eventually became common enough on its own. Well-known troupes of male strippers include Dreamboys in
1424-462: A beautiful go-go dancer who aspires to quit her job. In 2009 a DVD called, "Crazy Horse Paris" featuring Dita Von Teese was released. Magic Mike (2012) features a male stripper Mike Lane ( Channing Tatum ) guiding a younger male stripper in his first steps into stripping in clubs. Tip (gratuity) A gratuity (often called a tip ) is a sum of money customarily given by a customer to certain service sector workers such as hospitality for
1602-436: A club circuit and making appearances. Strippers are often not direct employees of clubs but instead perform as independent contractors . Before the 1970s, strippers in Western cultures were almost invariably female, performing to male audiences, usually in strip clubs. At the same time, strippers of all genders were dancing in underground clubs or as part of a theatre experience. Since the 1970s, mainstream stripping has adopted
1780-412: A compensation agreement is waiters and waitresses who are paid tips. Studies show however that, in the real world, the size of the tip is only weakly correlated with the quality of the service and other effects dominate. A tronc is an arrangement for the pooling and distribution to employees of tips, gratuities and/or service charges in the hotel and catering trade. The person who distributes monies from
1958-440: A dance during slow periods in the club with few customers. This is particularly true if the customers do not appear to be engaged or actively tipping because they are not being compensated for their time on stage. The practice of topless dancing is banned in many jurisdictions, but strippers have been known to work around the constraints by selectively uncovering her breasts "peek-a-boo" style for short periods of time then replacing
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#17327762329602136-468: A debate about a minimum wage, some people disapprove of tipping and say that it should not substitute for employers paying a good basic wage. But most people in Germany consider tipping to be good manners as well as a way to express gratitude for good service. It is illegal, and rare, to charge a service fee without the customer's consent. However, a tip of about 5% to 10%, depending on the type of service,
2314-491: A fee is explicitly charged for the service. Giving a tip is typically irreversible, differentiating it from the reward mechanism of a placed order, which can be refunded. From a theoretical economic point of view, gratuities may solve the principal–agent problem (the situation in which an agent, such as a server, is working for a principal, such as a restaurant owner or manager) and many managers believe that tips provide incentive for greater worker effort. However, studies of
2492-478: A formal, registered business is involved. They could also travel over significant (i.e. flight required) distances for private events and appointments, most of the time passing the cost of travel and accommodations onto the customer. Patrons at the clubs in which the strippers work are a primary source of customers for their work outside the club. Much like activities inside the club, different dancers have different comfort levels for services they will provide during
2670-556: A girl who becomes a stripper to earn enough money to enter college and study journalism. Dancing at the Blue Iguana (2000) is a feature film starring Daryl Hannah . The female cast of the film researched the film by dancing at strip clubs and created their parts and their storylines to be as realistic as possible. The Raymond Revuebar the Art of Striptease (2002) is a documentary, directed by Simon Weitzman. Los Debutantes (2003)
2848-550: A gratuity. Taxi drivers in Hong Kong may also charge the difference between a fare and a round sum as a "courtesy fee" to avoid making change for larger bills. As a service charge is typically included as part of bills at hotels and restaurants, tipping is generally not practiced in Japan . In addition, Japan has a set of traditions and customs regarding giving money as a gift, so tipping may cause confusion or be considered rude if
3026-447: A greater gender diversity and male strippers have become an established form of entertainment for female audiences. Their performances are usually fully choreographed, involving dance routines and costumes. Certain male and female strippers also perform for LGBT audiences as well as for all genders in bisexual contexts. The term "male stripper" has decreased in use in books published in the 21st century. Strippers perform striptease for
3204-458: A high school cheerleader who, after switching bodies with a small time criminal ( Rob Schneider ), starts working at a strip club called Pole Cat. The Raymond Revuebar: The Art of Striptease (2002) is a documentary, directed by Simon Weitzman. Los Debutantes (2003) is a Chilean film set in a strip club in Santiago . In Closer (2004), Natalie Portman plays Alice Ayres aka Jane Jones,
3382-756: A legitimate actress. Gilda (1946), showcases one of the most famous stripteases in cinematic history, performed by Rita Hayworth to " Put the Blame on Mame ", though in the event she removes just her gloves, before the act is terminated by a jealous admirer. Murder at the Windmill (1949) (US title: Mystery at the Burlesque ), directed by Val Guest is set at the Windmill Theatre, London and features Diana Decker , Jon Pertwee and Jimmy Edwards . Salome (1953) once again features Rita Hayworth doing
3560-460: A man's ( Bruce Greenwood ) obsession with a schoolgirl stripper named Christina ( Mia Kirshner ). Showgirls (1995) was directed by Paul Verhoeven and starred Elizabeth Berkley and Gina Gershon . Striptease (1996), was an adaptation of the novel starring Demi Moore . The Players Club (1998) starred LisaRaye McCoy as a girl who becomes a stripper to earn enough money to enter college and study journalism. In Jekyll and Hyde (1997),
3738-456: A more generous (10% or more) tip would not be out of place. Tips should always be offered in cash, as credit card terminals don't include a tipping option. Attending a performance in a private theater may be the only case in France where a tip is expected (generally €1), even though it is illegal. Tipping ( Trinkgeld ) is not seen as obligatory. In the case of waiting staff, and in the context of
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#17327762329603916-484: A movement to improve their work environment and benefits. One potential critique of the organization of strippers and sex workers of other types is that people in management positions in these industries, who are in a position to perpetuate the exploitation that sex workers face, can infiltrate these labor organizations and lobby for the maintenance of a status quo. The Striptease Artists of Australia formed in 2002. The SAA successfully negotiated an industrial award with
4094-408: A number of reasons, predominantly to make money. The physical attractiveness , sex appeal and techniques of the dancer determines the business the stripper tends to generate. In some localities, strippers are required to obtain permits to work in adult entertainment. Most of the time dancers have to audition to get the job. Once a dancer has secured the job the formal training is minimal, primarily on
4272-506: A particular club or franchise , while feature dancers usually have celebrity status, touring a club circuit and making live appearances. Porn stars often become feature dancers to earn extra income and build their fan base. High-profile adult film performers such as Jenna Haze and Teagan Presley have participated in feature shows throughout the US, as did now-retired stars such as Jenna Jameson . These dancers are not usually direct employees of
4450-485: A performance art are disputed and various dates and occasions have been given from ancient Babylonia to 20th century America. The term "striptease" was first recorded in 1932. There is a stripping aspect in the ancient Sumerian myth of the descent of the goddess Inanna into the Underworld (or Kur). At each of the seven gates, she removed an article of clothing or a piece of jewelry. As long as she remained in hell,
4628-437: A performance, both the breasts and the genitals typically remain covered by revealing clothes, while dancers provide services and entertainment. A female stripper whose upper body is exposed, but whose genitals remain covered during a performance, is said to be topless . Strippers who uncover the genital areas while removing the rest of their clothing during a performance are said to be dancing fully nude. The fully nude practice
4806-413: A person does leave a tip then it is accepted and appreciated. Tips, when given, usually take the form of rounding up the bill. Tipping is not an obligation, and it is not considered rude not to tip, though workers will be pleased if tipped. Normally in low to medium-end restaurants, the bill is rounded up to the nearest Rs. 100 or 1000 and the change is given as tip either directly to the waiter or left on
4984-522: A possibly legendary account of the birth of striptease at Minsky's Burlesque theatre in New York. In 1968, the sci-fi film Barbarella depicted Jane Fonda stripping in zero-gravity conditions whilst wearing her spacesuit. Marlowe (1969) stars Rita Moreno playing a stripper, in the finale of the movie simultaneously delivering dialogue with the title character and performing a vigorous dance on stage. The Beatles movie Magical Mystery Tour has
5162-399: A private party. While working, a stripper is not necessarily required to remove all of their clothing. Regardless of size, name, or location in the world, strip clubs can be full nude, topless or bikini. For any type of strip club there are exceptions based on the individual dancer and management, and clubs are classified based on typical performances, zoning, and advertised services. During
5340-430: A private room on the premises. Depending on the quality of the club, the room, which is away from the hustle and bustle of the main club, is well decorated and usually has its own bar. Clubs sell champagne by the glass or by the bottle for both the dancer and the customer. Strippers can be contracted for performances outside the strip club environment. Some strippers will only strip for private engagements and do not have
5518-470: A regular affiliation with a strip club. Adult industry trade shows often have strippers working, though many of them are affiliated with individual companies and not necessarily freelancers . There are also exhibitions, festivals, and competitions where independent strippers perform. Nudes-A-Poppin' was a popular festival scheduled annually which features both female and male dancers competing in erotic dance. A bachelor party may involve activities beyond
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5696-489: A regular basis are now usually called strip clubs , though they may be performed in venues such as pubs (especially in the United Kingdom), theaters and music halls . At times, a stripper may be hired to perform at a bachelor or bachelorette party . In addition to providing adult entertainment , stripping can be a form of sexual play between partners. This can be done as an impromptu event or – perhaps for
5874-660: A review called The Whitehall Follies. By the 1950s, touring striptease acts were used to attract audiences to the dying music halls. Arthur Fox started his touring shows in 1948 and Paul Raymond started his in 1951. Paul Raymond later leased the Doric Ballroom in Soho and opened his private members club, the Raymond Revuebar, in 1958. This was one of the first of the private striptease members clubs in Britain. In
6052-463: A scene where all the men on the tour bus go to a gentleman's club and watch a woman strip on stage. Ichijo's Wet Lust (1972), Japanese director Tatsumi Kumashiro 's award-winning Roman porno film featured the country's most famous stripper, Sayuri Ichijō, starring as herself. A British film production of 1976 is the film Get 'Em Off , produced by Harold Baim . Alain Bernardin the owner of
6230-526: A separate area of the pub. Striptease became popular in Japan after the end of World War II . When entrepreneur Shigeo Ozaki saw Gypsy Rose Lee perform, he started his own striptease revue in Tokyo's Shinjuku neighborhood. During the 1950s, Japanese "strip shows" became more sexually explicit and less dance-oriented, until they were eventually simply live sex shows . Modern striptease acts typically follow
6408-407: A sign reading Aufrunden bitte ("round up please") is found in places where tipping is not common (like supermarkets, or clothing retailers). This requests that the bill be rounded up to the nearest €0.10. This is not to tip the staff, but a charity donation (fighting child poverty), and completely voluntary. In Germany, tips are considered as income, but they are tax free according to § 3 Nr. 51 of
6586-413: A six-foot distance while performing. There are a limited amount of dancers and clubs that condone touching of dancers during private dances, and it is illegal in many U.S. states. In some locales, dancers may give a customer a "lap dance", whereby the dancer grinds against the customer's crotch while they are fully clothed. Other rules forbid "full nudity". In some parts of the US, there are laws forbidding
6764-462: A sleazy Soho strip club owner who gets stabbed to death by a stripper. Gypsy (1962), features Natalie Wood as the famous burlesque queen Gypsy Rose Lee in her memorable rendition of " Let Me Entertain You ". It was re-made for TV in 1993 Starring Bette Midler as Mama Rose and Cynthia Gibb as Gypsy Rose Lee. The Stripper (1963) featured Gypsy Rose Lee, herself, giving a trademark performance in
6942-425: A special occasion – with elaborate planning involving fantasy wear , music, special lighting, practiced dance moves, or unrehearsed dance moves. Striptease involves a slow, sensuous undressing. The stripper may prolong the undressing with delaying tactics such as the wearing of additional clothes or putting clothes or hands in front of just undressed body parts such as the breasts or genitalia . The emphasis
7120-456: A stage set are their primary form of payment per shift. The dancer qualifies a customer by sizing up their appearance and personal characteristics. Once the dancer identifies her mark, she approaches and attempts to create social relationship with her customer using tactical interactions and manipulations. Alternatively, customers can make the first move and engage the dancer directly. Strippers appeal to masculine desires, but they can adapt to fit
7298-473: A stage show and is mingling with the audience. A customary tip (where customers can do so at the stage) is a dollar bill folded lengthwise and placed in the dancer's garter from the tip rail . Other common tip methods are to insert the dollar into the stripper's cleavage from the hand or mouth, or to simply place it or toss it onto the stage. Tipping during a stage performance is prohibited by some clubs due to restrictions in local ordinance or past incidents on
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7476-496: A strip club. Barely Phyllis is a play on Phyllis Dixey which was first staged at the Pomegranate Theatre, Chesterfield in 2009. The Hangover (2009) features Heather Graham as a Las Vegas stripper and escort who marries Stu ( Ed Helms ) despite his plan to propose to his controlling girlfriend ( Rachael Harris ). She reprised her role in the sequel The Hangover III . The seventh episode of season 6 of
7654-458: A stripper making money to support her sick mother and is also being abused by her manager. In the TV series La que se avecina , Lola Reynolds (played by Macarena Gómez ), changes her job and works as a stripper after know she will earn more money. Strippers have been the inspiration for a number of musical artists, with several of the songs resulting in hit singles. An instrumental, " The Stripper ",
7832-472: A stripper who is hired by her drug dealer neighbor to pose as his wife in order to smuggle marijuana from Mexico into America. Lap Dance (2014), which stars Briana Evigan and Carmen Electra , focuses on an aspiring actress who makes a pact with her husband to take a job as an exotic dancer so she can make money to care for her cancer-stricken father. It is based on the true story of the film's director Greg Carter. Dixieland (2015) involves Riley Keough as
8010-581: A striptease act; this time as the famous biblical stripper Salome, performing the Dance of the Seven Veils. According to Hayworth's biographers this erotic dance routine was "the most demanding of her entire career", necessitating "endless takes and retakes". Expresso Bongo (1959) is a British film which features striptease at a club in Soho, London. In 1960, the film Beat Girl cast Christopher Lee as
8188-548: A superior enough substitute for them to switch clubs. In areas where choice in formats exist, exotic dancers express concern that the more they offer in their performance (nudity included) the more they stand to profit . Still, strippers have been known to dance only at topless clubs because of their desire not to strip completely nude. Some clubs permit both nude stage dancing and fully nude lap dances. Where nude private dances are allowed with contact, some dancers choose to place some type of barrier (cloth or occasionally plastic) over
8366-774: A tendency to treat female customers differently than males. Because of the non-physical motivations ascribed to female intimacy, dancers select women to approach who are smiling and sitting comfortably with open body language such as uncrossed arms, actively participating with the crowd, laughing and engaging with fellow customers, and applauding for dancers at the main stage also increase the likelihood they will be approached. Dancers tend to avoid women with unfriendly facial expressions or visibly hostile body language, again regardless of sexual orientation. In order to become approached, men must indicate financial potential through their appearance. Women must demonstrate their good attitude and willingness to participate in club activities. At that point,
8544-564: A thriving sector of the economy. Canadian style pole dancing, table dancing and lap dancing , organized by multi-national corporations such as Spearmint Rhino , was exported from North America to (among other countries) the United Kingdom, the nations of central Europe, Russia and Australia. In London, England a raft of such so-called "lap dancing clubs" grew up in the 1990s, featuring pole dancing on stage and private table dancing, though, despite media misrepresentation, lap-dancing in
8722-426: A tip can be a specific range or a certain percentage of the bill based on the perceived quality of the service given. It is illegal to offer tips to some groups of workers, such as U.S. government workers and more widely police officers , as the tips may be regarded as bribery . A fixed percentage service charge is sometimes added to bills in restaurants and similar establishments. Tipping may not be expected when
8900-425: A tip is generally interpreted as dissatisfaction with the food and/or service. In clubs and café bars, it is common to round up the bill (e.g. to 10 kn if the bill is more than 5 kn, or 100 kn if the bill is 88 kn). Tips are always expected in cash, even when the bill is paid by credit card. If a customer leaves a tip with a credit card, the employee does not receive any of it. It is not common to tip hairdressers, but
9078-409: A tip of around 10% of the bill is customary in restaurants; even porters, guides and chauffeurs expect tips. Duty-free alcohol is often used as a type of tip for porters, bellhops and the like, though some people (such as Muslims) can find it offensive. Tipping is not required but often expected, particularly in restaurants where roughly 5% to 10% is common. This depends on the service one received and
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#17327762329609256-424: A trip to the champagne room for a set fee rather than a tip. This fee will typically include a set fee for the room, for a set amount of time. Private dances in the main club areas most often take the form of table dances , lap and couch dances , and bed dances among others. An air dance is a particular form of private dance where little to no contact between the dancer and customer occurs. This class of dance spans
9434-432: A tronc cannot be counted when assessing whether a wage or salary meets the national minimum wage. Tipping may not be expected when a fee is explicitly charged for the service. A service charge is sometimes added to bills in restaurants and similar establishments. Attempts to hide service charge by obscuring the line on the receipt have been reported. A service charge, or fee assessed, is determined by and paid directly to
9612-429: A woman's perceived profitability is also a factor in a dancer's decision to approach a female patron. The presence of male companionship has been cited in research as an indicator used by dancers to gauge the profitability of a female once she is perceived to be a customer. The image of strippers has evolved through the late 1960s and 1970s in the U.S. and international cultures which embraced Americanized striptease. By
9790-523: A word meant to imply the unnecessary and gratuitous gifting of something somewhat taboo, like a joke, or a sure bet , or illicit money exchanges." The etymology for the synonym for tipping, "gratuity", dates back either to the 1520s, from "graciousness", from the French gratuité (14th century) or directly from Medieval Latin gratuitas , "free gift", probably from earlier Latin gratuitus , "free, freely given". The meaning "money given for favor or services"
9968-556: A young American stripper who arrives in London, England. Portman won the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture for her performance. Rob Zombie 's 2007 Halloween remake features Michael Myers ' mother Deborah (played by Zombie's wife Sheri Moon Zombie ), dancing to " Love Hurts " by Nazareth . I Know Who Killed Me (2007) stars Lindsay Lohan as Dakota Moss, an alluring stripper involved in
10146-529: A young stripper just arrived in London from America. Crazy Horse Le Show (2004) features dance routines from the Crazy Horse, Paris. Mrs Henderson Presents (2005) portrays the erotic dance routines and nude tableau-vivants which featured at the Windmill Theatre before and during World War II. The film Factotum (2005) (by Norwegian director Bent Hamer ) concludes with Matt Dillon (in
10324-580: Is a Chilean film set in a strip-club in Santiago . In the Cradle 2 the Grave a 2003 action film a woman named Daria, played by Gabrielle Union performs a striptease to distract a man named Odion, played by Michael Jace from the infiltration of a night club owned by a crime lord named Jump Chambers, played by Chi McBride . Portraits of a Naked Lady Dancer (2004) is a documentary, directed by Deborah Rowe. In Closer (2004), Natalie Portman plays Alice,
10502-480: Is a scam. Tips ( drikkepenge , lit. "drinking money") are not required in Denmark since service charges must always be included in the bill by law. Tipping for outstanding service is a matter of choice, but is not expected. In Estonia , tipping ( jootraha, lit. "drinking money" ) is not required and never expected. In Finland , tipping is never expected. Rounding the bill in restaurant, hairsalon or in taxi
10680-629: Is banned in many jurisdictions, but many dancers work around these constraints by selective uncovering of the vulva , anus , or both, for short periods of time, followed by immediate replacement of the clothing. In many clubs, entertainers will walk the floor in their revealing clothing. When a stripper performs personal services (such as lap or bed dances ) they come into contact with a customer, and are required to remain in their revealing clothing in more restrictive club environments. Private dances in particular are scrutinized to ensure that no club policies or local ordinances are being violated during
10858-414: Is common at upscale hotels and restaurants but a service charge is usually included in the bill, though the employees rarely get this as part of their wages. In Madagascar , tipping is not expected. In Morocco , tipping is not mandatory, but rounding up the bill and leaving tips at restaurants and cafés, or to the service providers is a standard practice and appreciated. In China , traditionally there
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#173277623296011036-421: Is common where not prohibited by law . The integration of the burlesque pole as a frequently used prop has shifted the emphasis in the performance toward a more acrobatic, explicit form of expression compared to the slow-developing burlesque style. Most strippers work in strip clubs. A house dancer works for a particular club or franchise , while a feature dancer typically has her own celebrity , touring
11214-416: Is customary. For example, Germans usually tip their waiters. As a rule of thumb, the more personal the service, the more common it is to tip. Payments by card may also include the tip, but the tip is usually paid in cash when the card is handed over. At times, rather than tipping individually, a tipping box is set up. Rounding up the bill in Germany is commonplace, sometimes with the comment stimmt so ("keep
11392-710: Is first attested in the 1530s. In some languages, the term translates to "drink money" or similar: for example pourboire in French, Trinkgeld in German, drikkepenge in Danish, drinksilver in Middle Scots , and napiwek in Polish. This comes from a custom of inviting a servant to drink a glass in honour of the guest, and paying for it, in order for the guests to show generosity among each other. The term bibalia in Latin
11570-489: Is graphic in its depiction of dancer rivalry ( older dancers gag at what new talent seems to mean, smaller tits and younger limbs ) and customers longing to bed them. Public acceptance of the music has not faltered, and many dancers perform to these and other songs depicting women in subjectively negative ways while on stage. Achille Lauro represented San Marino in the Eurovision Song Contest 2022 with
11748-510: Is likely that the women performing these dances did not do so in an indigenous context, but rather, in response to the demand for this type of entertainment. Middle Eastern belly dance , also known as oriental dancing, was popularized in the United States after its introduction on the Midway at the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago by a dancer known as Little Egypt . Some claim the origin of
11926-418: Is no tipping. However, hotels that routinely serve foreign tourists allow tipping, as do tour guides and associated drivers. In cities bordering Hong Kong like Shenzhen , some restaurants and hotels also started to charge gratuity since the 1980s. In Hong Kong , tipping is not typically expected at hotels or restaurant establishments, where a "service charge" of 10% is added to a bill instead of expecting
12104-470: Is not customary in Korean culture , and tipping is not expected in the general service industry. Some people even regard tipping as an inappropriate behaviour. High-end hotels and restaurants often include a service charge of between 10% and 15%, but it is always included in the bill and customers are not expected to leave an additional gratuity for servers. In Singapore , bars and restaurants typically add
12282-452: Is not fixed and may depend on the customer. Taxis are not provided tips but customer may pay extra to avoid loose change (usual range of 10 to 30 pesos). App based vehicles (Grab etc.) are usually paid tips via app and therefore under the discretion of the customer. There are establishments that strictly implement a "No tipping policy". There are establishments that can accept tips but must be placed in designated tipping containers. Tipping
12460-412: Is not frowned upon. If service is great one can give a tip, usually around 10%. Tips ( pourboires , lit. "for drinking") in France are neither required nor expected, and should only be offered after the customer received outstanding service. Waiters are paid a living wage and do not depend on tips, and cafés and restaurants are required by law to include a service charge (usually 15%) in the menu price; it
12638-615: Is not given to the service staff, but rather considered by Taiwanese law as general revenue, as reported by the Taipei Times in "False Gratuity" on July 9, 2013. In Nepal, tipping is not compulsory, but is commonly practiced in the country's tourist sector, particularly among tour groups and in hotels. Tipping ( bakshish ) in Albania is very much expected almost everywhere. In recent times it has become more common, as many foreigners and Albanians living abroad visit Albania. Leaving
12816-460: Is not usually set out separately on the bill. Tipping is better received in venues accustomed to tourists, but can be treated with disdain in smaller food establishments and those in more rural areas. Should one decide to tip after experiencing excellent service, it is customary to round up to the next Euro for small bills, and up to 5% for larger ones. Anything over 5% is considered very generous. For superior service in higher-end eating establishments,
12994-417: Is on the act of undressing along with sexually suggestive movement, rather than the state of being undressed. In the past, the performance often finished as soon as the undressing was finished, though recently strippers may continue dancing in the nude. The costume the stripper wears before disrobing can form part of the act. In some cases, audience interaction can form part of the act, with the audience urging
13172-405: Is perfectly acceptable not to tip at all. It is not customary to leave a tip on the table. According to Czech law, service charge must always be included in the listed price (but tips do not appear in the bill). Some Prague restaurants have been reported to display "Service is not included" signs to persuade foreign tourists to pay more, mimicking the practice in the United States. However, this
13350-496: Is the formation of labor unions, which involves formal membership. These strippers' unions have tended to focus on economic and workers' rights rather than civil rights, which constitutes a significant departure from the advocacy groups for prostitutes' rights that began in the 1970s and 1980s. The stigma attached to sex work also creates another obstacle to organization because many strippers and other types of sex workers are uncomfortable with declaring their profession publicly, even in
13528-562: Is the norm for female strippers. This is different from the Chippendales scene that emerged to prominence in the 1980s with today's norm being one sole performer, or a series of individual performers rather than a group of strippers. The social psychologist Richard Tewksbury says that male strippers 'masculinise' the role; thus are not disempowered in the way that, he asserts, female strippers are. Ethnographic research has observed that strippers, regardless of sexual orientation , have
13706-485: Is unclear. According to the Online Etymology Dictionary , the meaning "give a small present of money" began around 1600, and the meaning "give a gratuity to" is first attested in 1706. The noun in this sense is from 1755. The term in the sense of "to give a gratuity" first appeared in the 18th century. It derived from an earlier sense of tip , meaning "to give; to hand, pass", which originated in
13884-453: The AIRC in 2006. Despite this establishment of an industry-wide minimum standard for labor rights, changes to employment legislature under a Conservative government enabled employers to utilize loopholes such as employing strippers as sub-contractors. Striptease A striptease is an erotic or exotic dance in which the performer gradually undresses, either partly or completely , in
14062-640: The CBS crime drama Criminal Minds focuses on the BAU team tracking down a trio of young men, one of whom is revealed to be the son of the sheriff leading the investigation, who kidnap, rape, and murder several exotic dancers in Indiana . The 2012 film Magic Mike and 2015 sequel Magic Mike XXL are fictionalized stories of the lives of several male performers. In We're the Millers (2013), Jennifer Aniston plays
14240-402: The Windmill Theatre , opened in London, and began to present nude shows, British law prohibited performers moving whilst in a state of nudity. To get around that rule, models appeared naked in stationary tableaux vivants . To keep within the law, sometimes devices were used which rotated the models without them moving themselves. Fan dances were another device used to keep performances within
14418-463: The goddess Flora . Empress Theodora , wife of 6th-century Byzantine emperor Justinian is reported by several ancient sources to have started in life as a courtesan and actress who performed in acts inspired from mythological themes and in which she disrobed "as far as the laws of the day allowed". She was famous for her striptease performance of Leda and the Swan . From these accounts, it appears that
14596-548: The thieves' cant in the 17th century. This sense may have derived from the 16th-century "tip" meaning "to strike or hit smartly but lightly" (which may have derived from the Low German tippen , "to tap"), but this derivation is "very uncertain". The word "tip" was first used as a verb in 1707 in George Farquhar 's play The Beaux' Stratagem . Farquhar used the term after it had been "used in criminal circles as
14774-473: The 1720 German translation of the French La Guerre D'Espagne (Cologne: Pierre Marteau, 1707), where a galant party of high aristocrats and opera singers entertain themselves with hunting, play and music in a three-day turn at a small château: The dancers, to please their lovers the more, dropped their clothes and danced totally naked the nicest entrées and ballets ; one of the princes directed
14952-463: The 1930s, when Laura Henderson began presenting nude shows at the Windmill Theatre , London, censorship regulations prohibited naked girls from moving while appearing on-stage. To get around the prohibition, the models appeared in stationary tableaux vivants . The Windmill girls also toured other London and provincial theatres, sometimes using ingenious devices such as rotating ropes to move their bodies round, though strictly speaking, staying within
15130-486: The 1960s, changes in the law brought about a boom of strip clubs in Soho with "fully nude" dancing and audience participation. Pubs were also used as a venue, most particularly in the East End with a concentration of such venues in the district of Shoreditch . This pub striptease seems in the main to have evolved from topless go-go dancing. Though often a target of local authority harassment, some of these pubs survive to
15308-454: The 1980s pole dancing had become popular in America, and the highly sexual imagery associated with the period's performers was widely accepted and frequently portrayed in film, television, and theater. In addition to lesser-known videos, the 1980s also featured mainstream films involving strippers and their work as part of the central narrative. These included Flashdance (1983), which told
15486-431: The Blue Iguana (2000) is a feature film starring Sandra Oh and Daryl Hannah . The female cast of the film researched the film by dancing at strip clubs and created their parts and their storylines to be as realistic as possible. Stripsearch (2001–), an ongoing Australian reality television show which centers around the training of male strippers. The Hot Chick (2002) stars Rachel McAdams , in her film debut, as
15664-561: The Condor for 22 years. Women are at times employed in adult-only venues to perform or pose topless in forms of commercial erotic entertainment. Such venues can range from downmarket strip clubs to upmarket cabarets , such as the Moulin Rouge . Topless entertainment may also include competitions such as wet T-shirt contests in which women display their breasts through translucent wet fabric—and may end up removing their T-shirts before
15842-624: The Crazy Horse in Paris directed the film,"Crazy Horse de Paris" [1977]. Paul Raymond's Erotica (1981) stars Brigitte Lahaie and Diana Cochran and was directed by Brian Smedley-Aston. The Dance routines were filmed at the Raymond Revuebar Theatre. In addition to lesser-known videos such as A Night at the Revuebar (1983), the 1980s also featured mainstream films involving stripping. These included Flashdance (1983), which told
16020-600: The German Income Tax Law. The Hungarian word for tip is borravaló (literally "intended for wine", a loose calque from German : Trinkgeld ) or colloquially baksis (from Persian : بخشش bakhshesh ), often written in English as backsheesh . Tipping is widespread in Hungary; the degree of expectation and the expected amount varies with price, type and quality of service, and also influenced by
16198-627: The Men" was too "risqué"). In Neighbours (1985), the character of Daphne is originally a stripper at Des's bucks party, and eventually goes on to marry him. Married... with Children (1987–97) often featured Al Bundy , Jefferson D'Arcy , and the NO MA'AM crew spending a night at the Nudie Bar. In The Sopranos (1999–2007) business was often conducted at the Bada Bing strip club. Dancing at
16376-604: The U.S., laws forbid the exposure of female (though not male) nipples, which must be covered by pasties . In early 2010, the city of Detroit banned fully exposed breasts in its strip clubs, following the example of Houston, where a similar ordinance was implemented in 2008. The city council has since softened the rules, eliminating the requirement for pasties but keeping other restrictions. Both cities were reputed to have rampant occurrences of illicit activity linked to striptease establishments. For some jurisdictions, even certain postures can be considered "indecent" (such as spreading
16554-473: The UK and Chippendales in the US. Male strippers have become a popular option to have at a bachelorette party . A variation on striptease is private dancing, which often involves lap dancing or contact dancing. Here the performers, in addition to stripping for tips, also offer "private dances" which involve more attention for individual audience members. Variations include private dances like table dancing where
16732-419: The UK as Striptease Lady ) (1943) based on the novel The G-String Murders (1941), by famous striptease artist Gypsy Rose Lee, stars Barbara Stanwyck as a stripper who gets involved in the investigation of murders at a burlesque house. A play by Gypsy Rose Lee entitled The Naked Genius (1943) was the inspiration for Doll Face (1945), a musical about a burlesque star ( Vivian Blaine ) who wants to become
16910-548: The US, there are laws forbidding the exposure of female nipples, which the dancers must cover with pasties . The common practice of hiring strippers as contractors rather than full-time employees often leads to job insecurity, unstable pay and a lack of health benefits. Strippers are also sometimes required to pay fees to the club for renting their stage. Strippers typically use make-up, costume, and perfume to enhance their performance. Strippers most commonly work as providers of live entertainment in strip clubs. House dancers work for
17088-514: The act as the origin of modern striptease. In 1905, the notorious Dutch dancer Mata Hari , later shot as a spy by the French authorities during World War I, was an overnight success from the debut of her act at the Musée Guimet . The most celebrated segment of her act was her progressive shedding of clothing until she wore just a jeweled bra and some ornaments over her arms and head but exposing her pubic region. Another landmark performance
17266-455: The audience. Strippers can engage in these alternate topless activities at sanctioned times inside the club or as independent contractors at outside venues. Not all strippers are comfortable dancing topless . In areas where choice in formats exist, exotic dancers express concern that the more they offer in their performance (nudity included) the more they stand to profit. Even the dancers that will go topless have been known to stay covered during
17444-401: The bill or 5%-10% of the bill. However, it is gaining popularity and the food delivery apps often nudge the customers to tip the delivery partners. Tipping is not expected for occupations mostly. In Malaysia , tipping is not the norm and is not expected for any service. Instead restaurants can add a service charge of 10% to the bill. In Malaysia the people are familiar with tipping, so if
17622-486: The cash earned to support themselves throughout their studies" and likely to come from middle class backgrounds. The study also stated that "students were now a 'core supply group into the sex industries', with clubs even targeting freshers' week events with recruitment leaflets." This is supported by a 2014 story in the New York Daily News regarding San Francisco strip clubs taking out recruitment ads in
17800-421: The change"), rather than asking for all the change and leaving the tip afterwards. Or the customer says how much he will pay in total, including the tip: thus if the basic price is €10.50, the customer might, rather generously but not unusually, say zwölf ("twelve"), pay with a €20 note and get €8 in change. When paying a small amount, it is common to round up to the nearest euro (e.g. €1.80 to €2.00). Sometimes
17978-485: The character of Lucy Harris (originally portrayed by Linda Eder ) works as a prostitute and stripper in a small London club called The Red Rat, where she meets a multi-dimension man named Doctor Henry Jekyll, who turns into his evil persona Mr. Edward Hyde. Lucy performs the song "Bring on the Men" during a show at The Red Rat (which was later replaced with "Good 'n' Evil" in the Broadway production, some claiming "Bring on
18156-444: The classic American burlesque striptease of the early half of the 20th century. New Burlesque focuses on dancing, costumes and entertainment (which may include comedy and singing) and generally eschews full nudity or toplessness. Some burlesquers of the past have become instructors and mentors to New Burlesque performers such as The Velvet Hammer Burlesque and The World Famous Pontani Sisters . The pop group Pussycat Dolls began as
18334-522: The classification of dancers as independent contractors has been challenged in court, successfully in Massachusetts in 2009. One of the more notorious local ordinances is San Diego Municipal Code 33.3610, specific and strict in response to allegations of corruption among local officials which included contacts in the nude entertainment industry. Among its provisions is the "six foot rule", copied by other municipalities in requiring that dancers maintain
18512-474: The clothing. For a male dancer , a bare chest is not considered in the same light and does not face the same legal restrictions . During a show where customer tipping is permitted, most strip clubs limit contact with a dancer's breasts to one way—from dancer to customer. Many clubs do not allow any breast contact, and some go so far as to place markers on stage that a dancer is not permitted to cross while nude. This physical separation enforces compliance with
18690-492: The club but instead perform as independent contractors for a predetermined house fee. Most clubs have a dancer rotation where each dancer in turn will perform for one or more songs in a fixed sequence, which repeats during a shift. More informal clubs will have dancers take turns when a stage becomes empty or have a free flow of entertainers, where they can wander off and on stage at their own will. Feature entertainers have set times for their performance, and are not usually part of
18868-434: The company. The charges may be for services rendered, administrative fees, or processing cost. In the United States, criminal charges were dropped in two separate cases over non-payment of mandatory gratuities. Courts ruled that automatic does not mean mandatory. Some cruise lines charge their patrons US$ 10 per day in mandatory tipping; this does not include extra gratuities for alcoholic beverages. In Nigeria , tipping
19046-416: The customer standing in these designated areas. A service provided by many clubs is for a customer to be placed on stage with one or more dancers for a public lap dance. Occasions for this type of performance are bachelor parties and birthdays in the club among others. Bed dances are designed for the customer to be lying down with the entertainer(s) positioned on top of them. Bed dances are the least common of
19224-446: The customer's lap as a precautionary measure. Strippers are focused on making money from customers. Strippers are employed as independent contractors and expected to generate income themselves making the profession similar to a sales job. How dancers go about maximizing revenue varies. For customers they do not already know, dancers use factors such as clothing, shoes, age, and race to determine whom they wish to interact with. Dancers are
19402-563: The customer(s). Table dances should not be confused with table stages, where the stripper is at or above eye level on a platform surrounded by chairs and usually enough table surface for customers to place drinks and tip money. These stages are configured for close viewing of the striptease and are known for dancers lowering themselves from the stage onto customers during their set. Lap dances can be (and are) performed in all manner of seating, ranging from plain stools and kitchen-grade chairs to plush leather armchairs. They can also be performed with
19580-453: The dance in the earlier sections. Striptease dance routines are usually improvised, except for male strippers who generally choreograph their performances and focus as much on the earlier sections as the later. Recently pole dancing has come to dominate the world of striptease. In the late 20th century, pole dancing was practised in exotic dance clubs in Canada. These clubs grew up to become
19758-606: The delightful music, and only the lovers were allowed to watch the performances. An Arabic custom, first noted by French colonialists and described by the French novelist Gustave Flaubert may have influenced the French striptease. The dances of the Ghawazee in North Africa and Egypt consisted of the erotic dance of the bee performed by a woman known as Kuchuk Hanem . In this dance, the performer disrobes as she searches for an imaginary bee trapped within her garments. It
19936-412: The different categories above, and some dancers can perform air dances when more contact-heavy forms of dance were expected and paid for. Table dances are distinguished from other forms of dances in that they can be performed where the customer is seated on the main floor. Table dances also refer to a form of minimal touch private dance where the performer is physically located on a small table in front of
20114-643: The earth was barren. When she returned, fecundity abounded. Some believe this myth was embodied in the dance of the seven veils of Salome , who danced for King Herod , as mentioned in the New Testament in Matthew 14:6 and Mark 6:21-22. However, although the Bible records Salome's dance, the first mention of her removing seven veils occurs in Oscar Wilde 's play Salome , in 1893. In ancient Greece,
20292-631: The exposure of female nipples, which have thus to be covered by pasties by the dancer (though not applied to the exposure of male nipples). In early 2010, the U.S. city of Detroit, Michigan banned fully exposed breasts in its strip clubs, following the example of Houston, Texas who began enforcing a similar ordinance in 2008. The Detroit city council has since softened the rules eliminating the requirement for pasties but kept other restrictions. Both municipalities were reputed to have rampant occurrences of illicit activity including prostitution linked to its striptease establishments within their city limits. In 1930
20470-431: The film in a cameo role. Massive Attack : Eleven Promos. "Be Thankful For What You've Got" (1992), directed by Baillie Walsh, includes one dance routine by Ritzy Sparkle at the Raymond Revuebar Theatre. Exotica (1994), directed by Atom Egoyan , is set in a Canadian lap-dance club, and portrays a man's ( Bruce Greenwood ) obsession with a schoolgirl stripper named Christina ( Mia Kirshner ). Showgirls (1995)
20648-576: The introduction of the Policing and Crime Act 2009 , a local authority licence is required for venues in England and Wales (and later Scotland) where live nude entertainment takes place more than 11 times a year. The legal status of striptease in Iceland was changed in 2010, when Iceland outlawed striptease. Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir , Iceland's prime minister said: "The Nordic countries are leading
20826-428: The job and provided by more senior dancers. Dancers learn a set of rules, such as never leave money unattended; never leave the club with a customer; and never refuse a table dance. Touching strippers is not permitted in many localities; few dancers and clubs allow touching of dancers during private dances. If permitted, during a lap dance the dancer may dance sitting in the customer's lap, clothed or topless. In parts of
21004-409: The late 2000s (decade) to the present day with high-profile adult film performers such as Jenna Haze and Teagan Presley scheduling feature shows through the US. In December 2006, a Norwegian court ruled that striptease is an art form and made strip clubs exempt from value added tax . In the latter 1990s, a number of solo performers and dance groups emerged to create Neo-burlesque , a revival of
21182-410: The law. These allowed a naked dancer's body to be concealed by her fans or those of her attendants, until the end of an act, when she posed naked for a brief interval whilst standing stock still, and the lights went out or the curtain dropped to allow her to leave the stage. In 2010, Iceland outlawed striptease . Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir , Iceland's prime minister, said: "The Nordic countries are leading
21360-418: The law. These allowed a naked dancer's body to be concealed by her fans or those of her attendants, until the end of an act, when she posed naked for a brief interval whilst standing stock still, and the lights went out or the curtain dropped to allow her to leave the stage. Changes in the law in the 1960s brought about a boom of strip clubs in Soho, with "fully nude" dancing and audience participation. Following
21538-461: The lawgiver Solon established several classes of prostitutes in the late 6th century BC. Among these classes of prostitutes were the auletrides : female dancers, acrobats, and musicians, noted for dancing naked in an alluring fashion in front of audiences of men. In ancient Rome , dance featuring stripping was part of the entertainments ( ludi ) at the Floralia , an April festival in honor of
21716-433: The legs). In Britain in the 1930s, when the Windmill Theatre , London, began to present nude shows, British law prohibited performers moving whilst in a state of nudity. To get around that rule, models appeared naked in stationary tableaux vivants . To keep within the law, sometimes devices were used which rotated the models without them moving themselves. Fan dances were another device used to keep performances within
21894-497: The letter of the law by not moving of their own volition. Another example of the way the shows stayed within the law was the fan dance , in which a naked dancer's body was concealed by her fans and those of her attendants, until the end of her act in when she posed nude for a brief interval whilst standing still. In 1942, Phyllis Dixey formed her own company of girls and rented the Whitehall Theatre in London to put on
22072-420: The machinations of a serial killer, and features a long striptease sequence at a strip club. In Planet Terror (2007), Rose McGowan plays go-go dancer Cherry Darling who, after having her leg eaten by a zombie, uses an assault rifle as a prosthetic leg. In the two-part season 6 finale of Degrassi: The Next Generation , Alex Nunez resorts to stripping after she and her mother do not have enough money to pay
22250-511: The modern striptease lies in Oscar Wilde 's play Salome (play) , in 1893. In the Dance of the Seven Veils , the female protagonist dances for King Herod and slowly removes her veils until she lies naked. After Wilde's play and Richard Strauss 's operatic version of the same , first performed in 1905, the erotic "dance of the seven veils" became a standard routine for dancers in opera, vaudeville, film and burlesque . A famous early practitioner
22428-517: The money is given without being placed in a special gift envelope first. Like many other countries in East Asia, Japanese people see tipping as insulting. The Tip Project , a plan to normalise tipping in Japan in 2021, was met with severe backlash from locals who deemed the practice "un-Japanese", and the project was abandoned in early 2023. In India, tipping is not normal in hotels and restaurants, but may be appreciated. Tips can be rounding off
22606-530: The needs of female patrons to view them as customers. Adapting the experience to the customer is an integral part of exotic dancing. In the 21st century, as adult themes and work are becoming more commonplace, more of the population is attracted to this type of work. For example, a University of Leeds study, published by the British Journal of Sociology of Education , revealed that as many as one third of "strip club dancers are students, with many using
22784-609: The no-touch policy. Strippers are banned from dancing fully nude in many jurisdictions, but many dancers will work around the regulations by selectively uncovering their vulva , anus , or both for short periods of time then replacing the clothing. For a male dancer, exposing the penis or anus is equivalent. Not all strippers are comfortable dancing fully nude. If viewed as a continuum, fewer dancers will dance topless than go-go and fewer still would dance fully nude. It has been reported when in direct competition with more conservative offerings, fully nude formats are seen by customers as
22962-584: The older tradition of burlesque dancing. Carol Doda of the Condor Night Club in the North Beach section of San Francisco is given the credit of being the first topless go-go dancer. The club opened in 1964 and Doda's première topless dance occurred on the evening of June 19 of that year. The large lit sign in front of the club featured a picture of her with red lights on her breasts . The club went "bottomless" on September 3, 1969 and began
23140-473: The performance. The additional clothing also acts as a deterrent to prevent a customer from exceeding the boundaries set by a particular dancer. On 19 June 1964, Carol Doda began go-go dancing topless at the Condor Club on Broadway and Columbus in the North Beach neighborhood of San Francisco. She became the world's most famous go-go dancer, and a prototype for the modern stripper, while dancing at
23318-468: The performer dances on or by customer's table rather than the customer being seated in a couch. From ancient times to the present day, striptease was considered a form of public nudity and subject to legal and cultural prohibitions on moral and decency grounds. Such restrictions have been embodied in venue licensing regulations, and national and local laws, including liquor licensing restrictions. Numerous U.S. jurisdictions have enacted laws regulating
23496-483: The practice in America suggest that tipping is often discriminatory or arbitrary: workers receive different levels of gratuity based on factors such as age, sex, race, hair color and even breast size, and the size of the gratuity is found to be only tenuously related to the quality of service. According to the Oxford English Dictionary , the word "tip" originated as a slang term and its etymology
23674-575: The practice was hardly exceptional nor new. It was, however, actively opposed by the Christian Church , which succeeded in obtaining statutes banning it in the following century. The degree to which these statutes were subsequently enforced is, of course, opened to question. What is certain is that no practice of the sort is reported in texts of the European Middle Ages. An early version of striptease became popular in England at
23852-451: The premises. Each club and dancer will have individual tolerance levels for customer interaction including tipping. Some clubs will have multiple stages on the premises that dancers will move between, but typically the dancer would collect for her time on the main stage during a rotation. Tips can also be collected during private dances. Where legal (or legal restrictions are ignored), dancers may offer additional services such as lap dances or
24030-408: The present day. An interesting custom in these pubs is that the strippers walk round and collect money from the customers in a beer jug before each individual performance. This custom appears to have originated in the late 1970s when topless go-go dancers first started collecting money from the audience as the fee for going "fully nude". Private dances of a more raunchy nature are sometimes available in
24208-520: The primary enablers to encourage potential patrons to spend time in strip clubs. The dancers continually interact with the customers in the club by walking around and attempting to solicit drinks and lap dances, usually scanning the floor of a club to find the most lucrative customer to target. While clubs can generate revenue through means such as cover charges and drink fees, dancers make most of their profit from giving lap dances or VIP dances where regulations allow. Otherwise, customer tips to dancers from
24386-479: The rent on their apartment. Darren Aronofsky 's 2008 drama film The Wrestler features Marisa Tomei playing a stripper and single mother who is romantically pursued by professional wrestler Randy "The Ram" Robinson ( Mickey Rourke ). Tomei received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance. Zombie Strippers (2008) chronicles a zombie virus that makes its way to
24564-488: The restaurant level (low, medium, high prices). In standard restaurants it is OK to round up to the next euro. Another common setting where tipping is customary is taxis, where bills may be rounded up to the next euro. Even though most people in the service industry are paid a living wage, tips (in Croatian: napojnica , manča ) are quite common. 10% (or more, depending on the service) is expected in restaurants. Absence of
24742-562: The revenue of selling alcoholic beverages. The resulting financial pressure caused proprietors to welcome tips, as a way of supplementing employee wages. Contrary to popular belief, tipping did not arise because of servers' low wages, because the occupation of waiter (server) was fairly well paid in the era when tipping became institutionalized. Tipping researcher Michael Lynn identifies five motivations for tipping: A 2009 academic paper by Steven Holland calls tipping "an effective mechanism for risk sharing and welfare improvement" which reduces
24920-422: The risk faced by a service customer, because the customer can decide whether or not to tip. Tipping is sometimes given as an example of the principal–agent problem in economics. One example is a restaurant owner who engages servers to act as agents on his behalf. In some cases, "[c]ompensation agreements [can] increase worker effort [...] if compensation is [...] tied to the firm's success" and one example of such
25098-452: The role of Henry Chinaski - an alter ego of Charles Bukowski , who wrote the novel on which the film is based) having an artistic epiphany whilst watching a stripper in a strip club. I Know Who Killed Me (2007) stars Lindsay Lohan as Dakota Moss, an alluring stripper involved in the machinations of a serial killer, and features a long striptease sequence at a strip club. Planet Terror (2007) stars Rose McGowan as Cherry Darling,
25276-409: The rotation. If a DJ is present, they will emcee the rotation, advertise the feature entertainers performance and typically announce the current dancer(s) on stage and possibly whom to expect in future sets. During each set of one or more songs, the current performer will dance on stage in exchange for tips. Dancers collect tips from customers either while on stage or after the dancer has finished
25454-497: The rounding-up method is common for taxi drivers. Tipping ( spropitné , informally dýško or tuzér ) in the Czech Republic , like in Germany and Austria, is optional but polite and very welcome, especially in restaurants, and less often in taxis, hairdressers and similar services. The usual practice is for the customer to round the price to the nearest higher "nice number" so as not to have to handle small coins, and to tell
25632-439: The sense of bodily contact was forbidden by law. "Feature shows" are used to generate interest from potential customers who otherwise would not visit the establishment but know the performer from other outlets. A headlining star of a striptease show is referred to as a feature dancer , and is often a performer with credits such as contest titles or appearances in adult films or magazines. The decades-old practice continued through
25810-501: The sequence established in Burlesque : commencing in a dress, baring the upper body first, and continuing to a final reveal of the pelvic region. The traditional performance ended at this point, but modern acts usually continue with a nude dance section. This last element forms the major part of the act in small strip clubs and bars, but performances in larger venues (such as those done by feature dancers ) usually place as much weight on
25988-473: The service they have performed, in addition to the basic price of the service. Tips and their amount are a matter of social custom and etiquette , and the custom varies between countries and between settings. In some countries, it is customary to tip servers in bars and restaurants, taxi drivers, tattoo artists , hair stylists and so on. However, in some places tipping is not expected and may be discouraged or considered insulting. The customary amount of
26166-467: The show, or only remove all clothing for a brief time. Performances are usually fully choreographed, involve dance routines and a costume of some sort. Prominent male strip groups include the Dreamboys in the UK & Chippendales in the US. A male stripper will likely perform at club, bar, workplace or private home with private advanced bookings or ladies nights being prevalent over strip clubs which
26344-440: The song " Stripper ". Duke Nukem 3D , released in 1996, became the original pioneer video game for the inclusion of strippers. The Grand Theft Auto series has strippers and strip clubs in many of its games, starting with Grand Theft Auto: Vice City (2002). Many U.S. jurisdictions have specific laws on the books related to striptease, with more being added increasing both complexity of enforcement and impact. For example,
26522-415: The story of blue-collar worker Alexandra "Alex" Owens ( Jennifer Beals ), who works as an exotic dancer in a Pittsburgh bar at night and at a steel mill as a welder during the day. Blaze (1989) features Lolita Davidovitch as notorious stripper Blaze Starr . Starr herself appears in the film in a cameo role. Exotica (1994), directed by Atom Egoyan , is set in a Canadian lap-dance club, and portrays
26700-549: The story of blue-collar worker Alexandra (Alex) Owens ( Jennifer Beals ), who works as an exotic dancer in a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania bar at night and at a steel mill as a welder during the day. Stripping also was part of "genre" films, such as horror thriller Fear City (1984), by Abel Ferrara , about a mass-murderer who terrorizes dancers working at a seedy strip club in Times Square , New York City . The erotic drama 9½ Weeks (1986) depicted Kim Basinger stripping to
26878-401: The stripper to remove more clothing, or the stripper approaching the audience to interact with them. Striptease and public nudity have been subject to legal and cultural prohibitions and other aesthetic considerations and taboos . Restrictions on venues may be through venue licensing requirements and constraints and a wide variety of national and local laws. These laws vary considerably around
27056-457: The striptease. One of the more notorious local ordinances is San Diego Municipal Code 33.3610, specific and strict in response to allegations of corruption among local officials which included contacts in the nude entertainment industry. Among its provisions is the "six-foot rule", copied by other municipalities, that requires that dancers maintain a six-foot (1.8 m) distance while performing. Other rules forbid "full nudity". In some parts of
27234-422: The support of the labour movement, which led to the eventual abolition of customary tipping in most European countries. Also, proprietors regarded tips as equivalent to bribing an employee to do something that was otherwise forbidden, such as tipping a waiter to get an extra large portion of food. However, the introduction of Prohibition in the US in 1919 had an enormous impact on hotels and restaurants, who lost
27412-707: The table. In more formal settings, hotels and restaurants add a 10% service charge to the bill, which is paid along with the bill itself. Tipping is not customary in most areas and is not generally expected. In upscale restaurants, if a service charge is added, tipping is not needed nor expected. Among smaller side street restaurants, service charge is usually not included and tip amount may vary from loose changes to not at all (most do not give tips). The customer in this case can give any amount he/she wishes. Fastfood areas (McDonald's, Jollibee, Popeyes, etc.) are not tipping locations and staffs are reluctant to accept money. Hotels bellboys are generally provided tips but amount
27590-407: The three, and in many clubs, these are a more expensive option than a lap dance because of the novelty and increased level of contact between customer and service provider. A champagne room (also called a champagne lounge or champagne court ) is a specialized VIP Room service offered by gentleman's clubs where a customer can purchase time (usually in half-hour increments) with an exotic dancer in
27768-484: The time of the Restoration . A striptease was incorporated into the Restoration comedy The Rover , written by Aphra Behn in 1677. The stripper is a man; an English country gentleman who sensually undresses and goes to bed in a love scene. (However, the scene is played for laughs; the prostitute he thinks is going to bed with him robs him, and he ends up having to crawl out of the sewer.) The concept of striptease
27946-536: The title role. A documentary film, Dawn in Piccadilly , was produced in 1962 at the Windmill Theatre. In 1964, We Never Closed (British Movietone) depicted the last night of the Windmill Theatre. In 1965, the feature film Viva Maria! starred Brigitte Bardot and Jeanne Moreau as two girls who perform a striptease act and get involved in revolutionary politics in South America. Also produced in 1965
28124-506: The trend of explicit " full nudity " in American striptease dancing. which was picked up by other establishments such as Apartment A Go Go . San Francisco is also the location of the notorious Mitchell Brothers O'Farrell Theatre . Originally an X-rated movie theater this striptease club pioneered lap dancing in 1980, and was a major force in popularizing it in strip clubs on a nationwide and eventually worldwide basis. In Britain in
28302-509: The tronc is known as the troncmaster. Where a tronc exists in the UK, responsibility for deducting pay-as-you-earn taxes from the distribution may lie with the troncmaster rather than the employer. The word "tronc" has its origins in the French for collecting box. In June 2008, the Employment Appeals Tribunal ruled in a UK test case ( Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Annabel’s (Berkeley Square) Ltd ) that income from
28480-480: The tune of "You Can Leave Your Hat On" by Joe Cocker . Stripped to Kill (1987) was an exploitation film from Roger Corman about a lady cop who poses as a stripper to catch a murderer; which was followed by a sequel of the same name. Ladykillers (1988), was a 'whodunnit' murder mystery involving the murders of male strippers by an unknown female assailant. Blaze (1989) features Lolita Davidovitch as notorious stripper Blaze Starr . Starr herself appears in
28658-740: The university newspaper for the University of California at Berkeley , The Daily Californian . One distinction made is that many view working as a strip club dancer as a short-term means to address financial needs, while others view it as a profession and go on to other types of sex work such as performing in adult films . Until the 1970s, strippers in Western cultures were almost invariably female, performing to male audiences. Male and female strippers also perform for all types of adult audiences. The modern male stripper show usually involves full nudity , although sometimes they may retain underwear, especially g-strings, bikini briefs or thongs throughout
28836-409: The usual party and social-gathering ingredients, such as going to a strip club or hiring a stripper to perform in a private setting like a home or hotel. In some traditions, there are hazing -like tests and pranks at the future groom's expense. These pranks can involve a stripper if the entertainer is willing. Some women also participate in a similar party to be held for the bride-to-be. This is known as
29014-401: The waiter does not have to return anything after rounding up (e.g. if the price is 174 CZK and the customer pays with a 200 CZK note), it is customary to say " To je v pořádku " ("Keep the change", literally "That's alright"). A tip of more than 10-15% is more likely to be given in recognition of outstanding service. On the other hand, especially in the case of dissatisfaction with the service, it
29192-432: The waiter what amount to round the price to. The resulting tip tends to be around 10%, but this is not a hard and fast rule. So, for example, if the waiter says the price is 279 CZK, the customer pays with a 500 CZK note and says: "Three hundred crowns." This means that the waiter should return only 200 CZK and keep 21 CZK as a tip. When paying by card, the tip can either be added to the payment or given separately in cash. If
29370-465: The way on women's equality, recognizing women as equal citizens rather than commodities for sale." The politician behind the bill, Kolbrún Halldórsdóttir , said: "It is not acceptable that women or people in general are a product to be sold." Mary Martin reprised her famous fur coat striptease of " My Heart Belongs to Daddy " in the 1940 movie Love Thy Neighbor and the 1946 Cole Porter biopic Night and Day . Lady of Burlesque (known in
29548-476: The way on women's equality, recognizing women as equal citizens rather than commodities for sale." The politician behind the bill, Kolbrún Halldórsdóttir , said: "It is not acceptable that women or people in general are a product to be sold." As the sex industry has grown and become a more established sector of national economies, sex workers—strippers included—have mobilized to negotiate or demand workplace rights . One means of collectivization pursued by strippers
29726-427: The world, and even between different parts of the same country. H. L. Mencken is credited with coining the word ecdysiast – from " ecdysis ", meaning "to molt" – in response to a request from striptease artist Georgia Sothern , for a "more dignified" way to refer to her profession. Gypsy Rose Lee , one of the most famous striptease artists of all time, approved of the term. The origins of striptease as
29904-547: Was Carousella , a documentary about Soho striptease artistes, directed by John Irvin . Another documentary film, which looked at the unglamorous side of striptease, is the 1966 film called,"Strip", filmed at the Phoenix Club in Soho. Secrets of a Windmill Girl (1966) featured Pauline Collins and April Wilding and was directed by Arnold L. Miller . The film has some fan dancing scenes danced by an ex-Windmill Theatre artiste. The Night They Raided Minsky's (1968) gives
30082-424: Was Maud Allan , who in 1907 gave a private performance for King Edward VII . In the 1880s and 1890s, Parisian shows such as the Moulin Rouge and Folies Bergère were featuring attractive scantily clad women dancing and tableaux vivants . In this environment, an act in the 1890s featured a woman who slowly removed her clothes in a vain search for a flea crawling on her body. The People's Almanac credits
30260-454: Was a No. 1 hit on the U.S. pop singles charts for David Rose and His Orchestra in 1962. That song pre-dated the opening of what is considered to be the first modern strip club, Condor Club on Broadway in the U.S. city of San Francisco, California . " Private Dancer " by Tina Turner was an international hit and her second highest-charting single reaching No. 7 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart. " Girls, Girls, Girls " by Mötley Crüe
30438-585: Was also a Top 20 hit on the U.S. charts. T-Pain had a No. 5 hit on the Billboard chats with " I'm 'n Luv (Wit a Stripper) " in 2006. Hip hop artist Flo Rida had two No. 1 hits in the U.S. in the 2000s with " Right Round " and " Low ". For both hip-hop artists, the depictions of strippers and expressions of lust are far more explicit than in songs released in earlier music eras. This is not limited to hip-hop, with contemporary songs in other styles of music sharing similar traits. "Worked Up So Sexual" by The Faint
30616-483: Was also widely known, as can be seen in the reference to it in Thomas Otway 's comedy The Soldier's Fortune (1681), where a character says: "Be sure they be lewd, drunken, stripping whores". Striptease became standard fare in the brothels of 18th century London , where the women, called "posture girls", would strip naked on tables for popular entertainment. Striptease was also combined with music, as in
30794-616: Was directed by Paul Verhoeven and starred Elizabeth Berkley and Gina Gershon . Striptease (1996), was an adaptation of the novel starring Demi Moore . Barb Wire (1996), starred Pamela Anderson (of Baywatch fame), who performs a wet striptease. The Full Monty (1997) is a story of British ex-steel workers who form a Chippendales-style dance revue and decide to strip naked to make an extra buck. It featured songs including an updated version of David Rose 's big hit The Stripper and Tom Jones 's version of "You Can Leave Your Hat On". The Players Club (1998) starred LisaRaye as
30972-472: Was imported from Europe to America in the 1850s and 1860s by Americans who wanted to seem aristocratic. However, until the early 20th century, Americans viewed tipping as inconsistent with the values of an egalitarian, democratic society, as the origins of tipping were premised upon noblesse oblige , which promoted tipping as a means to establish social status to inferiors. Six American states passed laws that made tipping illegal. Enforcement of anti-tipping laws
31150-424: Was problematic. The earliest of these laws was passed in 1909 (Washington), and the last of these laws was repealed in 1926 (Mississippi). Some have argued that "The original workers that were not paid anything by their employers were newly freed slaves" and that "This whole concept of not paying them anything and letting them live on tips carried over from slavery." The anti-tipping movement spread to Europe with
31328-535: Was recorded in 1372. The practice of tipping began in Tudor England . In medieval times, tipping was a master-serf custom wherein a servant would receive extra money for having performed superbly well. By the 17th century, it was expected that overnight guests to private homes would provide sums of money, known as vails, to the host's servants. Soon afterwards, customers began tipping in London coffeehouses and other commercial establishments". The practice
31506-458: Was shaken loose during a shimmy dance. Burlesque theatres in New York were prohibited from staging striptease performances in a legal ruling of 1937, leading to the decline of these " grindhouses " (named after the bump 'n grind entertainment on offer). However many striptease stars were able to work in other cities and, eventually, nightclubs. The 1960s saw a revival of striptease in the form of topless go-go dancing . This eventually merged with
31684-688: Was the appearance at the Moulin Rouge in 1907 of an actress called Germaine Aymos, who entered dressed only in three very small shells. In the 1920s and 1930s, Josephine Baker danced topless in the danse sauvage at the Folies, and other such performances were provided at the Tabarin . These shows were notable for their sophisticated choreography and often featuring the women in glitzy sequins and feathers. In his 1957 book Mythologies , semiotician Roland Barthes interpreted this Parisian striptease as
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