A subprefecture is an administrative division of a country that is below prefecture or province .
28-587: There are twelve Albanian counties or prefectures, each of which is divided into several districts , sometimes translated as subprefectures. In Brazil the subprefectures ( Portuguese : subprefeituras ) are administrative divisions of some big cities, such as São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro . The head of a subprefecture, the subprefeito , is indicated by the municipality's mayor (in Brazil called prefeito ). In São Paulo there are 32 subprefectures. The largest in total area, Parelheiros , covers 353.5 km, and
56-474: A provisional government; that a council of elders be elected to assist and supervise the government; and that a commission be sent to Europe to defend Albanian interests among the Great Powers. The delegates unanimously agreed with the words of Ismail Kemal bey and resolved that Albania, as of today, should be on her own, free and independent under a provisional government. The meeting was adjourned until
84-666: A way to cut off the interests of Kingdom of Serbia . Soon after the Declaration of Independence Albania was occupied by the Balkan League member states ( Serbia , Montenegro, and Greece ). The Occupation of Albania (1912–1913) took place during the Balkan Wars . The facade of the building where the independence was proclaimed is depicted on the reverses of the Albanian 200 lekë banknote of 1992–1996, and of
112-843: Is an administrative division of a department in Ivory Coast . Examples: Anyama Subprefecture, Bingerville Subprefecture, Brofodoumé Subprefecture, Songon Subprefecture Some Japanese prefectures have branch offices called 支庁 (shichō) in Japanese , which are translated in English as "subprefectures", "branch offices", or "branches of the prefectural government". See details in Subprefectures of Japan and an example of Kushiro Subprefecture . Counties of Albania Counties ( Albanian : qarqe or qarqet ), also sometimes known as prefectures ( prefekturë ), are
140-500: Is in today, all the delegates with one voice decided that Albania today is to be on its own, free and independent. Below is the list of the forty signatories as published by newspaper Perlindja e Shqipëniës . The original act of the Declaration of Independence was written on a single piece of letter. On the front page, there are a total of 34 recognizable signatures and on the back page are found 6 more signatures. Under these circumstances, delegates from all over Albania were gathered in
168-479: The Assembly of Vlorë (Albanian: Kuvendi i Vlorës ). Ismail Kemal returned to Albania with Austro-Hungarian support and, at the head of a swiftly convened national assembly , declared Albanian independence in the town of Vlora on 28 November 1912. The declaration was more theoretical than practical because Vlora was the only town in the whole country under the delegates' control―yet it proved to be effective in
196-481: The Assembly of Vlorë , in the presence of hundreds of Albanians. This is a complete list of the 79 registered delegates by region: Just as the overseas communities of Albanians had stimulated the patriotic fervor which gradually led to the independence of their homeland, so at this critical juncture they once again demonstrated their solidarity. On 1 March 1913, they convened an Albanian Congress of Trieste , Austria. There were 119 representatives in all, coming from
224-700: The Ottoman Empire . Independent Albania was proclaimed in Vlorë on 28 November 1912. Six days later the Assembly of Vlorë formed the first Government of Albania which was led by Ismail Qenali and the Council of Elders (Pleqnia). The success of the Albanian Revolt of 1912 sent a strong signal to the neighboring countries that the Ottoman Empire was weak. The Kingdom of Serbia opposed
252-529: The Great Powers that had vital interests in the Balkans. As there was no more hope of saving Albania by means of arms, the only road to salvation was to separate Albania from Turkey. Ismail Kemal bey promoted this idea and objective, that was well received by all the Great Powers, in particular by Austria and Italy. It was only Russia that remained somewhat hostile to the idea because of the Slavs, but it did not deny
280-636: The Ottoman Empire, the Albanians had never forgotten their own language and nationality, the best proof of this being the endeavours and uprisings that had taken place from time to time, in particular over the last four years, to preserve their rights and customs. The Ottoman Government had never taken their interests into consideration and had never been willing to recompense the Albanians for the great services they had rendered. It had recently shown some interest in coming to an understanding with our people, but had not given proof of good faith and had not taken all
308-529: The Turkish army had been defeated and that the Empire would not survive, the Albanians, who had played a greater role in the fighting than the soldiers, hastened to take requisite steps in their own interests as owners of the country. For this reason, Ismail Kemal bey departed for Istanbul and, having come to an understanding with the Albanians of Bucharest, too, set off for Vienna, where he reached an agreement with
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#1732773175608336-677: The United States, Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Egypt, Italy, and of course from the new state itself. Bishop Fan Noli of Boston was one of the featured speakers. The congress recognized the provisional government of Ismail Qemal, pledged its faithful support, discussed the ethnic boundaries of the new state and sent strong resolutions to the European capitals and to the London Conference of Ambassadors then in session, appealing for their recognition of Albanian independence and for
364-446: The afternoon at the house of Xhemil bey. Ismail Kemal bey, as the prime initiator of the gathering, took the floor and explained to the delegates the purpose of the assembly, that is, that they all must strive to do what is necessary to save Albania from the great perils it is now facing. The chairman, Ismail Kemal Bey, then took the floor and, in an ardent, fluid and reasonable speech, stated that although they had always been faithful to
392-515: The city of Vlorë on 28 November 1912, declared Albania an independent country. On 4 December 1912 they set up a provisional government. The complete text of the declaration, composed in Albanian , partially in Gheg , Tosk and Ottoman Turkish , was: In Vlorë on 15/28 of the third Autumn 1328/1912. After the words spoken by Mr. Chairman Ismail Kemal Bey, in which he told of the great danger Albania
420-424: The countryside. This was revised in 2014, so that the 2015 local elections divided the counties into municipalities ( bashki ) at the regional level and administrative units ( njësi administrative ) for local government . Albanian Declaration of Independence The Albanian Declaration of Independence ( Albanian : Deklarata e Pavarësisë ) was the declaration of independence of Albania from
448-550: The existence of Albania and an Albanian people. To realise this objective, he invited all Albanians to gather in Vlora and was delighted today to see that his call had not been in vain, and that delegates had been sent from all parts of Albania to reflect together on ways to save the Fatherland. According to Ismail Kemal Bey, the most urgent measures that the Albanian nation must take today are these: that Albania be independent under
476-423: The first-level administrative subdivisions of Albania , replacing the earlier districts . Since 2000, there have been 12 counties. Since 2015 , they have been divided into 61 municipalities , 373 communes , and 2,972 villages . Since its Declaration of Independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912, Albania has reorganized its domestic administrative divisions 21 times. The primary division until mid-2000
504-474: The following day and the delegates went out and greeted the flag that was raised at five thirty in the afternoon. The second session of the Assembly of Vlorë was held on 4 December 1912. During that members of the assembly founded the first government of Independent Albania on 4 December 1912, which was led by Ismail Kemal . The government established also a 'Council of Elders' (Pleqësia) , which would help
532-514: The government to its duties. In addition, the Assembly of Vlorë decided that it would agree to any decision of the Great Powers for the system of government in Albania and that the provisional government would cease to exist after the recognition of independence of the country and the nomination of the monarch. The same day, Kemal waved the national flag of Albania, from the balcony of
560-730: The lifting of the Greek blockade. In December 1912 the Great Powers met in London to deal with territorial adjustments arising out of the conclusion of the First Balkan War . After months of wrangling and compromise under the constant threat of a general war, the conference announced its formal decisions on 17 May 1913. The question of Albanian independence that had prompted the Conference of Ambassadors at London came up for discussion at their first session. According to article II of
588-507: The most populous, Capela do Socorro , has more than 600,000 inhabitants. Example: Djibasso Subprefecture Examples: N'Gouri Subprefecture, Massakory Subprefecture It was used in Qing dynasty . Called ting (廳 or 厅) in Chinese , it is also on the same level as a department (州) and a district (縣), and is below a prefecture (府). Example: A separate term also translated as subprefecture
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#1732773175608616-558: The plan for an Albanian Vilayet , preferring a partition of the European territory of the Ottoman Empire among the four Balkan allies . Balkan allies planned the partition of the European territory of the Ottoman Empire among them and in the meantime the territory conquered during First Balkan War was agreed to have status of the Condominium . That was the reason for Kemal to organize an All-Albanian Congress in Vlorë . The Assembly of 40 delegates meeting in southern Albania in
644-428: The six great powers. They also appointed an International Commission of Control for Albania, to be composed of one representative from each of the six powers and one Albanian. This commission would supervise the Albanian government's organization, finances and administration for a 10-year period. Dutch officers would organize the gendarmerie. Austria-Hungary was a major supporter of Albanian independence and saw it as
672-400: The steps needed to appease and satisfy the Albanians. War had recently broken out with four countries in the Balkans that were seeking change and rights for their peoples, united by their ethnicity and religion. Later, these countries put aside their initial objective and, as the war was going well for them, they agreed to divide the Empire up among themselves, including Albania. Realizing that
700-532: The treaty, the six ambassadors decided that Albania would be recognized as an autonomous state under the sovereignty of the Ottoman sultan. After the breakout of the Balkan Wars, on 29 July, the ambassadors decided to recognize the total independence and sovereignty of Albania. They provided that it be governed by a European prince to be elected by the powers. Albanian neutrality would be jointly guaranteed by
728-548: The vacuum of power. Though Albanian independence was recognised de facto on 17 December 1912 at the London Conference of Ambassadors, it was not until 29 July 1913, after the second Balkan War and the solving of the delicate problem of Shkodra , that the international community agreed to recognise Albania as a neutral, sovereign and hereditary principality. The newspaper Përlindja of Vlora described it as follows: The National Assembly, composed of delegates from all over Albania and convening here in Vlora, opened today at four in
756-675: Was jūnmínfǔ ( t 軍民府 , s 军民府 ) , for instance at Qianshan in Guangdong . A subprefecture is the administrative town of an arrondissement where an arrondissement does not contain the prefecture . The civil servant in charge of local executive power is the sous-préfet . Examples: Aix-en-Provence , Apt , Arles , Bayonne , Boulogne-Billancourt , Boulogne-sur-Mer , Calais , Cambrai , Chalon-sur-Saône , Château-Thierry , Cherbourg , Le Havre , Narbonne , Reims , Saint-Germain-en-Laye , Saint-Malo , Saint-Omer , Sedan , Vichy . A sous-préfecture
784-480: Was into districts ( Albanian : rrethe ), whose number, size, and importance varied over time. They were organized into groups comprising 12 counties beginning in 1991. The current status of the counties is based on the 1998 constitution and was implemented on 31 July 2000. The former districts were abolished entirely and replaced with urban municipalities ( bashki ) and rural municipalities ( komuna ), which further oversaw villages ( fshatra ) in
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