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27-425: Suessa may refer to: Geography [ edit ] Sessa Aurunca , town and comune in the province of Caserta, Campania, southern Italy Suessa Pometia , ancient city of Latium People [ edit ] Suessa Baldridge Blaine (1860-1932), American writer of temperance pageants Taddeo da Suessa (c. 1190/1200 – 1248), Italian jurist Topics referred to by

54-509: A Lombard count who was raised by the citizens in opposition to the young Richard II . The latter was only reinstalled with the aid of his fellow Normans and thus Capua became dependent on the Hautevilles and their duchy, though the princes continued to try and influence papal elections and act as papal protectors. With the death of the religious Jordan II in 1127, the principality became the object of desire of Roger II , who in 1130 united

81-571: A chunk of papal territory for the principality. At Richard's death, his family, the Drengot , had a prestige and power to match that of the Hauteville family , but they acted in a different sphere of influence: the Papal States and central Italy primarily. With the death of Jordan I, the principality declined fast. From 1090 to 1098, the city of Capua itself was in the hands of Lando ,

108-425: A mosaic cross. Events in the town include: Baia Domizia is a small resort town included in the comune of Sessa Aurunca. The village was built since 1964 and is located near the river Garigliano, inside an Italian pine forest and nice volcanic sand beaches. It is a holiday town with 11 kilometres (7 mi) of private beaches. The village offers a superb combination of sea, sand and sightseeing. Baia Domizia gained

135-480: A new zenith under Pandulf IV , who was deposed twice between his succession in 1016 and his death in 1050. He was originally an ally of the Byzantines and remained allied with them against all his neighbours until the end. His reign was occupied by constant disputes with the church, whose bishops and abbots he treated with disdain, and with the coastal duchies of Naples, Gaeta, and Amalfi . He desired to give Capua

162-540: A principle soon borrowed by Salerno. Atenulf associated his son, Landulf , as co-prince and built up alliances with the local Greek states, like Naples and Gaeta , which alliances were continued under his successor. Atenulf also began planning the eventual reconquest of Muslim-occupied territory in the region, but died before his plans came to fruition at the Battle of the Garigliano in 915. Landulf mostly continued

189-528: A seaport and deposed both Sergius IV of Naples and John V of Gaeta . His personal character, however, soon involved him in a war with Guaimar IV of Salerno , who had him deposed by the Holy Roman Emperor , and took his principalities. Despite the importance of Capua in the region, the city declined under Pandulf's successors until it was eventually taken by the Norman allies of Guaimar. In 1058,

216-570: A year after the death of Pandulf's weak successor, the Norman count Richard of Aversa conquered Capua, but left the city itself in the control of Landulf VIII for another four years. Richard immediately increased his prestige with the princely title and his power by the territory which came under his authority. He became a neighbour of the popes and was both their protector and supporter and also an enemy who spent his last years in excommunication, as did his son and successor, Jordan I , who carved out

243-400: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Sessa Aurunca It is situated on the site of ancient Suessa Aurunca , near the river Garigliano . The hill on which Sessa lies is a mass of volcanic tuff . The name Sessa comes from Colonia Julia Felix Classica Suessa , a city belonging to the ancient Auruncan Pentapolis , which is

270-518: Is known of this part of its history. It first enters history as a Lombard state under Landulf the Old with the assassination of the Beneventan duke Sicard in 839. Landulf and his sons were partisans of Siconulf of Salerno . In 841, Capua was sacked and completely destroyed by Saracens in the pay of Radelchis I of Benevento . Landulf and his eldest son, Lando I , took the initiative in fortifying

297-621: The Duchy of Benevento (later Principality of Capua ) and the Duchy of Gaeta . Starting from the 14th century it became a fiefdom (as a semi-independent duchy) of the Marzano family, part of the Kingdom of Naples . In 1466 it returned under direct control of the Neapolitan crown. In some streets are memorial stones with inscriptions in honour of Charles V , surmounted by an old crucifix with

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324-533: The Emperor Otto III , and a third deposed by the citizens. The old dynasty was reinstalled in 1000 under Landulf VII , who made his brother, Pandulf II of Benevento , regent for his heir, Pandulf II of Capua . Thus, Capua and Benevento were briefly united for the last time. The chief interest of Lombard Capua in this, its declining period, was the control of a seaport, especially a large and important one, such as Gaeta or Naples . Capua experienced

351-637: The Bourbon Kingdom of Two Sicilies. The engineer who designed the bridge was Luigi Giura. Sessa Aurunca is connected by railway to Naples and Rome. [REDACTED]   This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). " Sessa Aurunca ". Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 701–702. Principality of Capua The Principality of Capua ( Latin : Principatus Capuae or Capue , Modern Italian : Principato di Capua )

378-797: The Sicilian and peninsular domains of his family into the Kingdom of Sicily. More than a decade of constant war followed thereafter between the Normans and the Lombard principalities, the Papal States, and the Holy Roman Empire. Ultimately during the summer of 1139, Pope Innocent II invaded the kingdom of Sicily with a large army. On 22 July 1139, at Galluccio, Pope Innocent was captured by Roger's son, Roger III. Days later, by means of

405-432: The aid of the aforementioned Athanasius of Naples. Atenulf would try to avert future succession crises and to vindicate the independent pretensions of Capua à la those of Benevento and Salerno. In 899, Atenulf defeated Radelchis II and conquered Benevento . He declared Capua and Benevento inseparable and introduced the principle of co-rule, whereby sons would be associated with their fathers and brothers with each other,

432-575: The area enclosed, about 100 by 50 metres (330 by 160 ft), is too small for anything but a detached fort. This site dates more probably from a time before the wars between the Aurunci and the Romans. In 337 BC the town was abandoned under the pressure of the Sidicini , in favour of the site of the modern Sessa. The new town kept the old name until 313, when a Latin colony under the name Suessa Aurunca

459-674: The following year, the succession to the county was thrown into dispute. His son was deposed by Bishop Landulf who thus united the ecclesiastical and secular rule of the region as Athanasius was to do near-contemporaneously in Naples . Disputes over the bishopric and the countship befell Capua on Landulf's death and a civil war enveloped the principality between Pandenulf , the earlier deposed son of Pando, and Lando III , another grandson of Landulf I. Salerno allied with Lando and Benevento with Pandenulf. A succession crisis followed in 887 and Atenulf I established himself and his princely status with

486-513: The historic core of the downtown. It is assumed that the name can be derived from the happy location ("sessio", that is, seat, gentle hill from the mild climate of the local territory). The ancient chief town of the Aurunci , Suessa is sometimes identified with a site at over 600 metres (2,000 ft) above the level of the sea, on the narrow south-western edge of the extinct crater of Roccamonfina. Here some remains of Cyclopean masonry exist; but

513-613: The nearby hill of Triflisco on which was built "New Capua": the Capua of today. A civil war between Benevento and Salerno ensues. In 849, Emperor Louis II ends the civil war by decreeing that Benevento be split into two distinct principates - Benevento and Salerno. In 851, as a part of the Divisio of Louis II, Capua is included as a part of Salerno. In 861, Pando the Rapacious declared Capua independent of Salerno. On his death in

540-605: The policies of his father and spent most of his career after Garigliano trying to weaken the Byzantine authority in Apulia and the Campania. In this, he was only moderately successful. His son, Landulf II , allied against the Lombard principality of Salerno, but failed to oust Gisulf I . Like his father, he attacked Byzantine possessions, but was defeated and forced to submit to nominal Byzantine suzerainty. Under Landulf's sons,

567-409: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Suessa . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Suessa&oldid=1074793996 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

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594-667: The status as a main destination of summer tourism on the Litorale Domizio and is one of the best known seaside resorts in Campania Region. The Real Ferdinando Bridge is a suspension bridge over the River Garigliano. It was the first iron catenary suspension bridge built in Italy, and one of the earliest in continental Europe. This bridge, which was technologically advanced for its age, was built in 1832 by

621-402: The title of Duke of Spoleto from Emperor Otto I . Afterward, Pandulf split his dominion between his sons, Landulf IV receiving Benevento-Capua and Pandulf II receiving Salerno. Shortly thereafter, Benevento and Capua split legally, with Landulf IV keeping a Capua much reduced in power. In the 990s, Capua experienced debilitating turmoil as one prince was assassinated, another deposed by

648-513: The union of Capua and Benevento broke down although they remained legally bound. During this time, Pandulf Ironhead ruled separately in Capua while Landulf III ruled in Benevento. Langobardia minor was unified one last time, however, when Pandulf usurped his brother's share from his nephew on Landulf's death in 969 and became Prince of Salerno in 978. Before his death in 981, Pandulf gained

675-611: Was a Lombard state centred on Capua in Southern Italy . Towards the end of the 10th century the Principality reached its apogee, occupying most of the Terra di Lavoro area. It was originally a gastaldate , then a county , within the principality of Salerno . Old Capua was an ancient Italian city, the greatest Roman city of the south. It was the centre of Lombard gastaldate in the duchy of Benevento , although little

702-400: Was founded here. It was among the towns that had the right of coinage, and it manufactured carts, baskets and others. Cicero speaks of it as a place of some importance. The triumviri settled some of their veterans here, whence it appears as Colonia Julia Felix Classica Suessa. From inscriptions it appears that Matidia the younger , sister-in-law of Hadrian , had property in the district. It

729-597: Was not on a highroad, but on a branch between the Via Appia at Minturnae and the Via Latina crater mentioned. Suessa saw its maximum urban expansion in the early Roman imperial age : the town extended over an area almost twice the current and counted several large buildings. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire , Sessa lost much of its population, and was located on the boundaries between

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