Al-Ṣuffah ( Arabic : الصُّفّة ), or Dikkat Ashab As-Suffah ( دِكَّة أَصْحَاب الصُّفَّة ) was a sheltered raised platform that was available at the rear side of the Prophet's Mosque during the Medina period (622-632) of early Islam . It was initially available at the northeastern corner of the mosque and Muhammad ordered it to be covered by palm leaves in order to provide shade, hence it was called al-Suffah or al-Ẓullah ( الظلة ) "the shade". It was moved several decades later into another place in the mosque during an expansion project.
18-608: Homeless and unmarried Muhajirun ( companions of the Prophet who migrated from Mecca ) who did not have relatives in Medina , dwelt in al-Suffah where they were mainly learning the Quran and Sunnah . These people were called Aṣhab al-Ṣuffah "Companions of the Ṣuffah". Muhammad used to sit with them, chat together, and used to call them to his meal, sharing together his drinks, so they were counted as his dependents. The Companions of
36-1004: A Qurayshi Meccan who preached a new faith, Islam , during the Medinese pilgrimage to Kaaba . As Muhammad managed to convince many notables of both Aws and Khazraj, which also included Abbad ibn Bishr who personally convinced by a Muhajirun named Mus'ab ibn Umayr of his cause on his new faith, the chieftains of both Aus and Khazraj tribe, particularly Sa'd ibn Mu'adh , Usaid Bin Hudair , Saʽd ibn ʽUbadah , and As'ad ibn Zurara agreed to embrace Islam and appoint Muhammad as arbitrator and de facto leader of Medina. In no time, Abbad and other Yathribese agreed to provide shelter for Meccan Muslims who had been persecuted by Quraysh polytheists , while also agreeing to change their city name from Yathrib to Medina, as Yathrib has bad connotation in Arabic. The Ansari helped Muhammad in several battles, one of
54-567: A watering place in Hejaz . No fighting took place, as the Quraysh were quite far from the place where Muslims were in the offing to attack the caravan. Nevertheless, Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas shot an arrow at the Quraysh. This is known as the first arrow of Islam. Despite this surprise attack, no fighting took place and the Muslims returned empty-handed. It is believed that Ubaydah was the first to carry
72-1068: The hijra . They belonged to the tribes of Banu Khazraj and Banu Aus . The Medinese, which consisted of Aws and Khazraj, along with their Arabian Jewish allies ( Banu Nadir , Banu Qurayza , and Banu Qaynuqa ), were involved in degenerating years of warfare such as battle of Sumair, battle of Banu Jahjaha of Aus-Banu Mazin of Khazraj, battle of Sararah day, battle of Banu Wa'il ibn Zayd, battle of Zhufr-Malik, battle of Fari', battle of Hathib, battle of Rabi' day, first battle of Fijar in Yathrib (not Fijar war between Qays with Kinana in Mecca ), battle of Ma'is, battle of Mudharras, and second battle of Fijar in Yathrib. The Medinese also even contacted against foreign invaders came from outside Hejaz , including such as Shapur II of Sasanian Empire in relatively vague result, and also in successful defense against Himyarite Kingdom under their sovereign, Tabban Abu Karib , who also known as Dhu al-Adh'ar . However,
90-455: The Ansar's most prominent warrior, Abu Dujana , fell. During the caliphate of Umar, prominent Ansaris contributed greatly during campaigns against Byzantium. The Ansari chief 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit particularly played many significant roles during Muslim conquest of Egypt and Muslim conquest of Levant under the likes of Abu Ubaydah , Khalid ibn Walid , Amr ibn al-Aas , and Muawiyah In
108-416: The Muslims returned to Medina without a fight. The fourth raid, known as the invasion of Waddan , was the first offensive in which Muhammad took part personally with 70, mostly Muhajir, troops. It is said that twelve months after moving to Medina, Muhammad himself led a caravan raid to Waddan ( Al-Abwa ). The aim was to intercept the caravans of the Quraysh. The raid party did not meet any Quraysh during
126-590: The Prophet used to take two or three of the Ashab al-Suffah to feed them at home and used to select the best dates and hang them out in al-Suffah's ceiling for meals. Due to the scarcity of jobs caused by a combination of trade boycott and military threat, members of Ashab al-Suffah had little income. It is estimated that al-Suffah held up to 300 people at a time, but they were merely increasing and decreasing in numbers. They could have reached about 400 total members, and it lasted about nine years till they became rich before
144-622: The appointing of Thabit, bin Qays bin Shammas, an orator of Ansar), to lead Ansaris in support of Khalid ibn al-Walid in the Battle of Buzakha at the time of Caliph Abu Bakr. Later they also played a prominent role in the Battle of Yamama where Ansars under Al Bara bin Malik Al Ansari charged at a perilous moment of the battle marking its turning point. The battle of Yamama is also where
162-426: The banner of Islam; others say Hamzah was the first to carry the first banner. Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas was ordered to lead the third raid. His group consisted of about twenty Muhajirs. This raid was done about a month after the previous. Sa'd, with his soldiers, set up an ambush in the valley of Kharrar on the road to Mecca and waited to raid a returning Meccan caravan from Syria. But the caravan had already passed and
180-598: The death of Muhammad. Later, every one of them became a ruler or an emir . The Suffah was originally situated in the north-east corner of the Mosque. When Muhammad was ordered by Allah to face the new qibla (prayer direction) to be towards Mecca at the south of Medina, the Suffah was left at the rear of the mosque, where it remained. When al-Walid I , the Umayyad Caliph , expanded the mosque, Al-Suffah's location
198-504: The earliest the Patrol of Buwat . A month after the raid at al-Abwa that Muhammad ordered, he personally led two hundred men including Muhajirs and Ansars to Bawat, a place on the caravan route of the Quraysh merchants. A herd of fifteen hundred camels was proceeding, accompanied by one hundred riders under the leadership of Umayyah ibn Khalaf , a Quraysh. The purpose of the raid was to plunder this rich Quraysh caravan. No battle took place and
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#1732772900333216-625: The event is known in Islam as the Hijra . The early Muslims from Medina are called the Ansar ("helpers"). About a month after Hamzah's unsuccessful attack in the first caravan raid, Muhammad entrusted a party of sixty Muhajirun led by Ubaydah to conduct another operation at a Quraysh caravan that was returning from Syria and protected by one hundred men. The leader of this caravan was Abu Sufyan ibn Harb . The Muslim party went as far as Thanyatul-Murra,
234-512: The most terrible conflict for both Aws and Khazraj was a civil war called the Battle of Bu'ath , which left a bitter taste for both clans, and caused them to grow weary of war, due to the exceptionally high level of violence, even by their standards, and the needless massacres that occurred during that battle. Thus, in search of enlightenments and seeking arbitration from third party, the Yathribese then pledged their allegiance to Muhammad,
252-612: The property and belongings left behind by Muslims and sold those. The caravan was led by 100 Quraysh and 2,500 camels were with them. Ansar (Islam) The Ansar or Ansari ( Arabic : الأنصار , romanized : al-Anṣār , lit. 'The Helpers' or 'Those who bring victory') are the local inhabitants (mostly Muslims) of Medina who took the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers (the Muhajirun ) into their homes when they fled from Mecca during
270-407: The raid resulted in no booty. This was due to the caravan taking an untrodden unknown route. Muhammad then went up to Dhat al-Saq, in the desert of al-Khabar. He prayed there and a mosque was built at the spot. This was the first raid where a few Ansars took part. During the tenure of Caliphates after Muhammad, the Ansar mainly became important military elements in many conquests , (as indicated with
288-543: The raid. The fifth raid, known as the invasion of Buwat , was also commanded by Muhammad. A month after the raid at al-Abwa, he personally led 200 men including Muhajirs and Ansars to Bawat, a place on the caravan route of the Quraysh merchants. A herd of 1,500 camels, accompanied by 100 riders under the leadership of Umayyah ibn Khalaf , a Quraysh. The purpose of these raids was to get back what they had lost when they migrated from Mecca to Medina to avoid persecution by Quraysh for practicing their religion. Quraysh seized
306-620: The year 24/645, during the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan , prominent Ansaris also held major positions like Al-Bara' ibn `Azib who was made governor of al-Ray (in Persia). He eventually retired to Kūfā and there he died in the year 71/690. During the Umayyad era the Ansar became somewhat of an opposing political faction of the regime. They are described as closely affiliated with the Hashim Clan Contingent rather than with
324-416: Was changed to where it is now called: Dikkat Al-Aghwat . This Islam-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Muhajirun The Muhajirun ( Arabic : المهاجرون , romanized : al-muhājirūn , singular مهاجر , muhājir ) were the converts to Islam and the Islamic prophet Muhammad 's advisors and relatives, who emigrated from Mecca to Medina ,
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