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61-500: It is located approximately 100 km (62 mi) away from Gilgit city, and it takes about one and a half hours to reach this valley. The nearby areas of Sumayar include Askurdas and Shayar, and collectively, they are referred to as SAS Valley. Sumayar Valley boasts numerous tourist attractions, including snowy mountains such as Dumani on the northeast side of Diran , Silkiyang Peak, Silkiyang Glacier, Altusill and Menamgusham meadows, Baraimochay Farimuch, Hayano camping sites, Mamubar stream, and

122-422: A cold desert climate ( Köppen climate classification BWk ). Weather conditions for Gilgit are dominated by its geographical location, a valley in a mountainous area, southwest of Karakoram range. The prevalent season of Gilgit is winter, occupying the valley eight to nine months a year. Gilgit lacks significant rainfall, averaging in 120 to 240 mm (4.7 to 9.4 in) annually, as monsoon breaks against

183-427: A small sideway noon ◌ࣿ (U+08FF) is used on top of these letters to indicate a short vowel. Long vowels are written with a combination of diacritics and letters alif , waaw or ye . Below table shows short vowels at the beginning, middle, and end of a word. Below table shows long vowels at the beginning, middle, and end of a word, with "no tone", i.e. a long flat tone ˧ . Below table shows long vowels at

244-600: A hub for trekking and mountaineering expeditions in the Karakoram mountain range. Gilgit was once a major centre for Buddhism ; it was an important stop on the ancient Silk Road , and today serves as a major junction along the Karakoram Highway with road connections to China as well as the Pakistani cities of Skardu , Chitral , Peshawar , and Islamabad . Currently, it serves as a frontier station for

305-489: A long flat tone ˧ , a long rising tone [ ˨˦ ] , or a long falling tone ( /˥˩/ . All five vowels have a defined way of presentation in Shina orthographic conventions, including letters and diacritics . Although diacritics can and are occasionally dropped in writing. Short vowels [a], [i], and [u] are solely written with diacritics. Short vowels [e] and [o] are written with letters waw and buṛi ye . A unique diacritic,

366-644: A major operation could not have been launched without Jinnah's knowledge and approval. The 'Azad Forces' that were part of the so-called tribal invasion were led by Pakistan army officers, and the UNCIP report records Pakistan's admission that they were under Pakistan's 'tactical command'. Gilgit's military leaders did not favour the State's accession to India. However, there was also written evidence of Gilgit troop leaders wanting to set up an independent Islamic state. Major William Brown in his book Gilgit Rebellion describes

427-448: A rising tone and a falling tone respectively. Another diacritic, a small sideway noon ◌ࣿ (U+08FF) is used to represent short vowels when need be. Below table shows Shina consonants. There are five vowels in Shina language. Each of the five vowels in Shina have a short version and a long version. Shina is also a tonal language . Short vowels in Shina have a short high level tone ˥ . Long vowels can either have "no tone", i.e.

488-579: Is represented like other Perso-Arabic alphabets in Pakistan, with Nun Ghunna ( ن٘ـ / ـن٘ـ / ں ). In Shina, tone variation only occur when there is a long vowel. There are conventions unique to Shina to show the three tones. In Shina conventions, specific diacritics are shown in conjunction with the letters alif , waw , buṛi ye , and ye ( ا، و، یـ، ی، ے ), as these letters are written down to represent long vowels. The diacritics inverted damma ◌ٗ (U+0657) and superscript alef ◌ٰ (U+0670) represent

549-623: Is the only airline operating in Gilgit. The Government of Pakistan is planning to build a new international standard airport in Gilgit to meet the requirements of international tourists and demand from domestic investors. Gilgit is located approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) from the Karakoram Highway (KKH). The roadway is being upgraded as part of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor . The KKH connects Gilgit to Chilas , Dasu , Besham , Mansehra , Abbottabad and Islamabad in

610-483: Is theorised as Hindu by some and Buddhist by others. Prince Azur Jamshid succeeded in overthrowing King Badat who was known as the Adam Khor (literally "man-eater"), often demanding a child a day from his subjects, his demise is still celebrated to this very day by locals in traditional annual celebrations. In the beginning of the new year, where a Juniper procession walks along the river, in memory of chasing

671-644: The Patola Shahis dynasty mentioned in a Brahmi inscription, and are devout adherents of Vajrayana Buddhism . In mid-600s, Gilgit came under Chinese suzerainty after the fall of the Western Turkic Khaganate to the Tang military campaigns in the region . In the late 600s CE, the rising Tibetan Empire wrested control of the region from the Chinese. However, faced with growing influence of

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732-910: The Shina people . In Pakistan , Shina is the major language in Gilgit-Baltistan spoken by an estimated 1,146,000 people living mainly in Gilgit-Baltistan and Kohistan . A small community of Shina speakers is also found in India , in the Guraiz valley of Jammu and Kashmir and in Dras valley of Ladakh . Outliers of Shina language such as Brokskat are found in Ladakh , Kundal Shahi in Azad Kashmir , Palula and Sawi in Chitral , Ushojo in

793-806: The Swat Valley and Kalkoti in Dir . Until recently, there was no writing system for the language. A number of schemes have been proposed, and there is no single writing system used by speakers of Shina language. Shina is mostly a spoken language and not a written language. Most Shina speakers do not write their language. Due to effects of dominant languages in Pakistani media like Urdu, Standard Punjabi and English and religious impact of Arabic and Persian, Shina like other languages of Pakistan are continuously expanding its vocabulary base with loan words. It has close relationship with other Indo-Aryan languages, especially Standard Punjabi , Western Punjabi , Sindhi, and

854-802: The Umayyad Caliphate and then the Abbasid Caliphate to the west, the Tibetans were forced to ally themselves with the Islamic caliphates. The region was then contested by the Chinese and Tibetan forces, and their respective vassal states, until the mid-700s. Chinese records of the region continue until late the 700s, at which time the Tangs' western military campaign was weakened due to the An Lushan Rebellion . Control of

915-633: The British India government demanded from the Jammu and Kashmir state to lease them Gilgit town plus most of the Gilgit Agency and the hill-states Hunza, Nagar, Yasin and Ishkoman for 60 years. Abdullah Sahib was an Arain and belonged to Chimkor Sahib village of Ambala district Punjab, British India . Abdullah Sahib was the first Muslim governor of the Gilgit in British time period and

976-743: The Buddhist form of Sanskrit in the Sharada script . They cover a wide range of themes such as iconometry , folk tales , philosophy , medicine and several related areas of life and general knowledge. The Gilgit manuscripts are included in the UNESCO Memory of the World register. They are among the oldest manuscripts in the world, and the oldest manuscript collection surviving in Pakistan, having major significance in Buddhist studies and

1037-661: The Gilgit troop leaders stating, " We know of course that you are loyal to Pakistan-all Britishers are-but it is not our intention to join Pakistan. We intend to set up an independent Islamic State called the United States of Gilgit, and although we shall keep the friendliest relation with Pakistan we shall in no way owe allegiance to that dominion ." The military leaders of the Frontier Districts Province (modern day Gilgit-Baltistan) wanted to join Pakistan. Sensing their discontent, Major William Brown ,

1098-490: The Hunza and their Yasin and Punial allies but was soon reconquered by Gulab Singh's Dogra troops. With the support of Raja Gohar Aman, Gilgit's inhabitants drove their new rulers out in an uprising in 1852. Raja Gohar Aman then ruled Gilgit until his death in 1860, just before new Dogra forces from Ranbir Singh , son of Gulab Singh, captured the fort and town. In the 1870s Chitral was threatened by Afghans, Maharaja Ranbir Singh

1159-742: The Khushwakhte Dynasty when he took Gilgit. Then in 1842, Shah Sakandar's brother, Karim Khan, expelled Yasin rulers with the support of a Sikh army from Kashmir. The Sikh general, Nathu Shah, left garrison troops and Karim Khan ruled until Gilgit was ceded to Gulab Singh of Jammu and Kashmir in 1846 by the Treaty of Amritsar , and Dogra troops replaced the Sikh in Gilgit. Nathu Shah and Karim Khan both transferred their allegiance to Gulab Singh, continuing local administration. When Hunza attacked in 1848, both of them were killed. Gilgit fell to

1220-648: The Maharaja's commander of the Gilgit Scouts , mutinied on 1 November 1947, overthrowing the Governor Ghansara Singh . The bloodless coup d'etat was planned by Brown to the last detail under the code name "Datta Khel", which was also joined by a rebellious section of the Jammu and Kashmir 6th Infantry under Mirza Hassan Khan . Brown ensured that the treasury was secured and minorities were protected. A provisional government ( Aburi Hakoomat )

1281-655: The Sumayar Valley of Nagar District , Gilgit-Baltistan , Pakistan . Geographically it is also closer to the Nagarkhas . The Chumar Bakhoor pass links the Sumayar valley with the Nagar Khas. Walking from central Sumayar, it takes around 4 to 5 hours to reach the pegmatites that crop out on the western side of the mountain above 4000 meters elevation. Appiani (2007) states that according to (Blauwet and Shah, 2004)

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1342-528: The approval of the mirs and rajas for accession to Pakistan. Browns's actions surprised the British Government. The provisional government lasted 16 days. The provisional government lacked sway over the population. The Gilgit rebellion did not have civilian involvement and was solely the work of military leaders, not all of whom had been in favor of joining Pakistan, at least in the short term. Historian Ahmed Hasan Dani mentions that although there

1403-516: The cannibal king Sri Badat away. Azur Jamshid abdicated after 16 years of rule in favour of his wife Nur Bakht Khatùn until their son and heir Garg , grew of age and assumed the title of Raja and ruled, for 55 years. The dynasty flourished under the name of the Kayani dynasty until 1421 when Raja Torra Khan assumed rulership. He ruled as a memorable king until 1475. He distinguished his family line from his stepbrother Shah Rais Khan (who fled to

1464-401: The contrast are found. /æ/ is heard from loanwords. In Shina there are the following diphthongs: In India, the dialects of the Shina language have preserved both initial and final OIA consonant clusters , while the Shina dialects spoken in Pakistan have not. Shina words are often distinguished by three contrasting tones: level, rising, and falling tones. Here is an example that shows

1525-519: The dialects of Western Pahari. There are an estimated 1,146,000 speakers of both Shina and Kohistani Shina in Pakistan according to Ethnologue (2018), a majority of them in the province of Khyber-Pakhtunkwa and Gilgit-Baltistan . A small community of Shina speakers is also settled in Neelam valley of Azad Jammu and Kashmir . A small community of Shina speakers is also settled in India in

1586-544: The equal-sized crystals of fluorite, aquamarine, and fluorapatite together on the Matrix Specimens are extremely impressive. Pink octahedral crystals, from Pakistan, sometimes associated with aquamarine and fluorapatite on muscovite, have been known for many years. However, the specimens from the Chumar Bakoor are far superior to those from previous discoveries, ranking them among the finest known examples of

1647-616: The evolution of Asian and Sanskrit literature . The manuscripts are believed to have been written in the 5th to 6th centuries AD, though more manuscripts were discovered from the succeeding centuries, which were also classified as Gilgit manuscripts. Many of the original manuscripts from Gilgit can be found in the National Archives of India and the Pratap Singh Museum in Srinagar . Two manuscripts collected by

1708-486: The extreme upper region that is occupied by a permanent glacier Silkiang and Ghamultur . And the lower region is of relatively low ascent with snaking of the Mamubar stream. At places, it is occupied with avalanches and materials from lateral moraines. The Middle part : The middle region of the valley is a narrow canyon that is flanked by high precipices, probably due to outcrop rock of the Sumayar granite. This part of

1769-560: The far north of Kargil district bordering Gilgit-Baltistan . Their population is estimated to be around 32,200 according to 2011 census . The following is a description of the phonology of the Drasi, Shina variety spoken in India and the Kohistani variety in Pakistan. The Shina principal vowel sounds: All vowels except /ɔ/ can be either long or nasalized, though no minimal pairs with

1830-512: The fertile villages of Ladakh through a rich corpus of hymns, songs, and folklore that have been passed down through generations. The Dards and Shinas appear in many of the old Pauranic lists of people who lived in the region, with the former also mentioned in Ptolemy 's accounts of the region. Gilgit was an important city on the Silk Road, along which Buddhism spread from South Asia to

1891-447: The gemstone deposits at Chumar Bakhoor were first discovered in 1984 by local hunter Muhammad Shah. According to Blauwet (2006), the prominent fluorite locality in Pakistan is Chumar Bakhoor, which Blauwet notes is generally called Nagar. The fluorite occurs here in a variety of colors and crystal habits, that includes cubes, octahedra, and dodecahedra. Spinel-law twins have also been found here in incredible sizes. Octahedral fluorite from

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1952-461: The gemstone mining area known as Chumar Bakur . The valley contains the reserves of various gems and minerals such as Aquamarine , Fluorite , Apatite , Calcite , and Quartz . The famous aquamarine mining area Chumar Bakhoor is also situated in the Sumayar Valley. The valley is located at the confluence of the Hunza and Nagar rivers. It is surrounded by Nagarkhas from the east, Askurdas from

2013-762: The king of Badakshan, and with whose help he gained Chitral from Raja Torra Khan ), as the now-known dynastic name of Trakhàn. The descendants of Shah Rais Khan were known as the Ra'issiya Dynasty . The period of greatest prosperity was probably under the Shin Ras, whose rule seems to have been peaceable and settled. The whole population, from the Ra to the poorest subject lived by agriculture. According to tradition, Shri Buddutt's rule extended over Chitral , Yassin , Tangir , Darel , Chilas , Gor , Astor , Hunza , Nagar and Haramosh all of which were held by tributary princes of

2074-503: The last five centuries and a half they have been Moslems . The names of the Hindu Ras have been lost, with the exception of the last of their number, Shri Ba'dut. Tradition relates that he was killed by a Mohammedan adventurer, who married his daughter and founded a new dynasty, since called Trakhàn , from a celebrated Ra named Trakhan, who reigned about the commencement of the fourteenth century. The previous rulers—of whom Shri Ba'dut

2135-625: The letter ڦ in Kohistani dialect of Shina. Furthermore, variations and personal preferences can be observed across Shina documents. For example, it is common to see someone use سً instead of ݜ for [ ʂ ] , or use sukun ◌ْ ( U+0652 ) instead of small sideway noon ◌ࣿ (U+08FF) to indicate short vowels. However, these variations are no longer an issue. Another issue is that of how to write loanwords that use letters not found in Shina language, for example letters " س / ث / ص ", which all sound like [s] in Shina. Some documents preserve

2196-526: The local tribal areas. The city's economic activity is mainly focused on agriculture , with wheat, maize, and barley as the main produced crops. The city's ancient name was Sargin , later to be known as Gilit , and it is still referred to as Gilit or Sargin-Gilit by the local people. The native Khowar and Wakhi -speaking people refer to the city as Gilt , and in Burushaski , it is called Geelt . Brokpas trace their settlement from Gilgit into

2257-529: The ongoing flooding displacing many people. The city of Gilgit constitutes a tehsil within Gilgit District . Gilgit District itself is the part of the larger Gilgit Division which is headed by a Commissioner of BPS-20 belonging to Pakistan Administrative service . The Current Commissioner Gilgit Division is Mr Najeem Alam (PAS). Gilgit is served by the nearby Gilgit Airport , with direct flights to Islamabad. Pakistan International Airlines (PIA)

2318-702: The orientalist Sir Aurel Stein are in the British Library in London. They include a rare paper version of the Lotus Sutra . As of 6 October 2014, one source claims that the part of the collection deposited at the Sri Pratap Singh Museum in Srinagar was irrecoverably destroyed during the 2014 India–Pakistan floods . The former rulers had the title of Ra , and there is a reason to suppose that they were at one time Hindus , but for

2379-455: The original spelling, despite the letters being homophones and not having any independent sound of their own, similar to orthographic conventions of Persian and Urdu . Whereas other documents prefer to rewrite all loanwords in a single Shina letter, and thus simplify the writing, similar to orthographic conventions of Kurdish and Uyghur . Shina vowels are distinguished by length, by whether or not they're nasalized, and by tone. Nasalization

2440-532: The other in Indian-controlled area of Dras , Ladakh . Below alphabet has been standardized, documented, and popularized thanks to efforts of literaturists such as Professor Muhammad Amin Ziya, Shakeel Ahmad Shakeel, and Razwal Kohistani, and it has been developed for all Shina language dialects, including Gilgit dialect and Kohistani dialect , which There are minor differences, such as the existence of

2501-463: The pegmatites of Chumar Bakhoor of Sumayar valley, Nagar district has been known for quite some time. Green, white to pink fluorite associated with gemmy aquamarine, and pale pink to dark orange-pink fluorapatite on muscovite druses from the Chumar Bakhoor have been reaching the market since 1984. According to Appiani, (2007) the size and variety of fluorite crystals from the chumar Bakhoor; and

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2562-777: The princely state of Jammu and Kashmir , established the Gilgit Agency . The Agency was re-established under control of the British Resident in Jammu and Kashmir. It comprised the Gilgit Wazarat ; the State of Hunza and Nagar; the Punial Jagir; the Governorships of Yasin, Kuh-Ghizr and Ishkoman , and Chilas. The Tajiks of Xinjiang sometimes enslaved the Gilgiti and Kunjuti Hunza. In 1935,

2623-503: The region was left to the Tibetan Empire. They referred to the region as Bruzha, a toponym that is consistent with the ethnonym " Burusho " used today. Tibetan control of the region lasted until the late 800s CE. This corpus of manuscripts was discovered in 1931 in Gilgit, containing many Buddhist texts such as four sutras from the Buddhist canon, including the famous Lotus Sutra . The manuscripts were written on birch bark in

2684-450: The rest of Asia . It is considered a Buddhism corridor, along which many Chinese monks came to Kashmir, to learn and to preach Buddhism. Two famous Chinese Buddhist pilgrims, Faxian and Xuanzang , traversed Gilgit, according to their accounts. According to Chinese records, in the 600s and 700s, the city was governed by a Buddhist dynasty referred to as Little Balur or Lesser Bolü ( Chinese : 小勃律 ). They are believed to have been

2745-653: The same family. The area had been a flourishing tract but prosperity was destroyed by warfare over the next fifty years, and by the great flood of 1841 in which the river Indus was blocked by a landslip below the Hatu Pir and the valley was turned into a lake. After the death of Abas, Sulaiman Shah, Raja of Yasin , conquered Gilgit. Then, Azad Khan, Raja of Punial , killed Sulaiman Shah, taking Gilgit; then Tahir Shah, Raja of Buroshall ( Nagar ), took Gilgit and killed Azad Khan. Tair Shah's son Shah Sakandar inherited, only to be killed by Gohar Aman, ethnic Kho Raja of Yasin of

2806-883: The south. Gilgit is connected to Karimabad (Hunza) and Sust in the north, with further connections to the Chinese cities of Tashkurgan , Upal and Kashgar in Xinjiang . Gilgit is also linked to Chitral in the west, and Skardu to the east. The road to Skardu will be upgraded to a 4-lane road at a cost of $ 475 million. Transport companies such as the Silk Route Transport Pvt, Masherbrum Transport Pvt and Northern Areas Transport Corporation ( NATCO ), offer passenger road transport between Islamabad, Gilgit, Sust , and Kashgar and Tashkurgan in China. The Astore - Burzil Pass Road, linking Gilgit to Srinagar

2867-594: The southern range of Himalayas . Irrigation for land cultivation is obtained from the rivers, abundant with melting snow water from higher altitudes. The summer season is brief and hot, with daily high temperatures occasionally peaking at over 40 °C (104 °F). As a result of this extremity in the weather, landslides and avalanches are frequent in the area. Climate change has adversely effected this region with more rains every year. On 26 August 2022, most villages in Ghizer district and Hunza were severely effected by

2928-617: The species. Gilgit Gilgit ( / ˈ ɡ ɪ l ɡ ɪ t / ; Shina : گلیٗت ; Urdu : گلگت IPA: [ˈɡɪlɡɪt] ) is a city in Pakistani -administered Gilgit–Baltistan in the disputed Kashmir region. It is the capital of the Gilgit-Baltistan region. The city is located in a broad valley near the confluence of the Gilgit and the Hunza rivers. It is a major tourist destination in Pakistan , serving as

2989-407: The three tones: "The" ( تھےࣿ ) has a level tone and means the imperative "Do!" When the stress falls on the first mora of a long vowel, the tone is falling. Thée ( تھےٰ ) means "Will you do?" When the stress falls on the second mora of a long vowel, the tone is rising. Theé ( تھےٗ ) means "after having done". Shina is one of the few Dardic languages with a written tradition. However, it

3050-465: The valley is mostly covered by deep snow during the winter. The Lower part : The Lower part is comparatively wide and open. On the terraces of the valley, there is vegetation but the remaining areas of skeletal soil are lacking agricultural activity. The depth of the Mamuber stream increases and flows as a single channel. Chumar Bakhoor is located at an elevation of 5,520 m (18,110 ft) in

3111-419: The valley. Mamubar serves as the principal stream, and several tributaries contribute to it. Geographically, the valley can be divided into three distinct geomorphological units: the upper part, the middle part, and the lower part. The Upper part : The upper and southern part of the valley is usually covered with ice and a glacier. The upper part of the valley can be conveniently further divided into two parts -

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3172-410: The west, Ganesh from the north, and mountain ridges including Diran from the south. The valley exhibits an elevation of 2,000 m (6,600 ft) at its northern entrance and rises to over 7,000 m as one moves towards the south, covering a distance of approximately 15 km (9.3 mi). The highest peak in this region, Diran , stands at an elevation of 7,257 m (23,809 ft) and is situated in the southern section of

3233-859: Was an unwritten language until a few decades ago. Only in the late 2010s has Shina orthography been standardized and primers as well as dictionaries endorsed by the territorial government of Gilgit-Baltistan have been published. Since the first attempts at accurately representing Shina's phonology in the 1960s there have been several proposed orthographies for the different varieties of the language, with debates centering on how to write several retroflex sound not present in Urdu and whether vowel length and tone should be represented. There are two main orthographic conventions now, one in Pakistani-controlled areas of Gilgit-Baltistan and in Kohistan , and

3294-414: Was close associate of Maharaja Partap Singh. Khan Bahadur Kalay Khan, a Mohammed Zai Pathan, was the Governor of Gilgit Hunza and Kashmir before partition. On 26 October 1947, Maharaja Hari Singh of Jammu and Kashmir, faced with a tribal invasion by Pakistan due to Masscre of Muslims in Jammu by Hindus and Sikh mobs , signed the Instrument of Accession , joining India. The tribal invasion by Pakistan

3355-598: Was closed in 1978. Gilgit is not served by any rail connections. Long-term plans for the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor call for construction of the 682 km (424 mi) long Khunjerab Railway , which is expected to be completed in 2030, that would also serve Gilgit. Gilgit has not received a gas pipeline infrastructure since Pakistan's independence, unlike other cities. Through the importation of gas cylinders from other provinces, many private gas contractors offer gas cylinders. The LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) Air Mix Plant project by Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited

3416-411: Was established by the Gilgit locals with Raja Shah Rais Khan as the president and Mirza Hassan Khan as the commander-in-chief. However, Major Brown had already telegraphed Khan Abdul Qayyum Khan asking Pakistan to take over. The Pakistani political agent, Khan Mohammad Alam Khan, arrived on 16 November and took over the administration of Gilgit. Brown outmaneuvered the pro-Independence group and secured

3477-410: Was firm in protecting Chitral from Afghans, the Mehtar of Chitral asked for help. In 1876 Chitral accepted the authority of Jammu Clan and in reverse get the protection from the Dogras who have in the past took part in many victories over Afghans during the time of Gulab Singh Dogra. In 1877, in order to guard against the advance of Russia, the British India Government, acting as the suzerain power of

3538-468: Was lack of public participation in the rebellion, sentiments were intense in the civilian population and their anti-Kashmiri sentiments were also clear. According to various scholars, the people of Gilgit as well as those of Chilas, Koh Ghizr, Ishkoman, Yasin, Punial, Hunza and Nagar joined Pakistan by choice. Gilgit is situated in a valley formed by the confluence of the Indus River , Hunza River , Astore River and Gilgit River . Gilgit experiences

3599-431: Was not simply a tribal invasion. Pakistani Major General Akbar Khan has given account of the invasion in his book Raiders in Kashmir . General Akbar Khan, then serving as a colonel in the Pakistan army, has described at least four meetings with Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan to discuss the planning and conduct of the operations. Justice Muhammad Yusuf Saraf, at the time a Muslim Conference activist, has pointed out that such

3660-497: Was the last—were called Shahreis . Gilgit was ruled for centuries by the local Trakhàn Dynasty, which ended about 1810 with the death of Raja Abas, the last Trakhàn Raja. The rulers of Hunza and Nager also claim origin with the Trakhàn dynasty. They claim descent from a heroic Kayani Prince of Persia, Azur Jamshid (also known as Shamsher ), who secretly married the daughter of the king Shri Badat . She conspired with him to overthrow her cannibal father. Sri Badat's faith

3721-405: Was unveiled in 2020, with the goal of bringing the gas facility to Gilgit. This will significantly reduce deforestation , as the public now uses wood from trees for heating and lighting purpose. The first head office has been built in Gilgit. Shina language Shina ( ݜݨیاٗ,شِْنْیٛا Ṣiṇyaá , IPA: [ʂiɳjá] ) is a Dardic language of Indo-Aryan language family spoken by

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