Misplaced Pages

#732267

59-407: Sunnydale is located on a "Hellmouth"; a portal "between this reality and the next", and convergence point of mystical energies. Sunnydale's size and surroundings are implausible but justified given its origins — to sustain a human population for supernatural evils to prey upon. The town's founder spared no expense to attract a populace, and Sunnydale thus contains many elements of a large city — which

118-470: A Japanese man showcased a wooden reaping tool with a metal edge, which he used to show how rice was cut. He was impressed with the speed of the local reapers, but said such a large scythe would never work in Japan. The Norwegian municipality of Hornindal has three scythe blades in its coat-of-arms. In Poland, especially regions surrounding Kraków , the memory of Scythemen ( Polish : Kosynierzy ) of

177-533: A cave-in that swallowed up the Master and his lair, as well as the Satanist temple on Kingman's Bluff. (The date of this earthquake is given as either 1932 or 1937, although it is possible these were two distinct quakes.) Sometime in the 1980s or 1990s, Richard Wilkins was again elected mayor, now under the name of "Richard Wilkins III", and served more than one term. By the 1990s, Sunnydale appeared to have become

236-544: A day's drive of Sunnydale is a desert . It is stated several times that Sunnydale is approximately two hours' drive north of Los Angeles. In the final episode of Buffy the Vampire Slayer (" Chosen "), and also in the first issue of the Buffy: Season Eight comic book, Sunnydale is depicted being surrounded by desert terrain. The episode " Pangs " reveals that Sunnydale is in the former homeland of

295-502: A hand reaper that would be considered a scythe. The Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet in Sheffield , England, is a museum of a scythe-making works that was in operation from the end of the 18th century until the 1930s. This was part of the former scythe-making district of north Derbyshire , which extended into Eckington . Other English scythe-making districts include that around Belbroughton . The German Renaissance scythe sword ,

354-453: A large park containing a creek and a lake, and one of its cemeteries is shown to be adjacent to a lake. Sunnydale has a number of parks: Weatherly Park, Glebe Park, Radcliff Park and Nelson Park are just some of the examples. Sunnydale has a train station, a bus station, a small airport, and a small military base. There is also a seaport with a harbor deep enough to allow the docking of coastal freighters. Directly beneath Sunnydale High School

413-750: A magic scythe was used at the site of the Hellmouth "to kill the last pure demon that walked upon the Earth." After this, the scythe was hidden, and its last guardian remained, waiting in a pagan temple that would somehow remain unnoticed for centuries. Centuries later, the Navajo and Chumash peoples lived in this area along with one or more groups of monks and friars who also settled there. As in general Californian history, these friars are assumed to have been Spanish Franciscans, who arrived in California in

472-402: A magic shop named The Magic Box. Sometime between the fourth and fifth seasons (during the summer of 2000), the mysterious "Key" is transformed into Buffy's younger "sister", Dawn Summers and the evil goddess Glory arrives in the town, leading to an increase in the number of mentally ill patients due to her ability to suck the sanity from their brains to maintain her own. The next year brings

531-409: A popular traditional sport, called segalaritza (from Spanish verb segar : to mow). Each contender competes to cut a defined section of grown grass before his rival does the same. There is an international scything competition held at Goričko where people from Austria, Hungary, Serbia, and Romania, or as far away as Asia enter to showcase their culturally unique method of reaping crops. In 2009,

590-577: A rare Sunnydale scene for this series. Angel himself returns to Sunnydale at least four times in Buffy seasons 4, 5 and 7. At the end of the sixth season (spring 2002), the Magic Box is demolished in a battle between Willow and Buffy. At the beginning of the seventh season (fall 2002), Sunnydale High School was rebuilt on the same location as before — directly over the Hellmouth. By this time, knowledge of supernatural phenomena seems to be slowly growing in

649-419: A scythe blade is maintained by occasional peening followed by frequent honing . Peening reforms the malleable edge by hammering; creating the desired edge profile , locally work-hardening the metal, and removing minor nicks and dents. For mowing fine grass, the bevel angle may be peened extremely fine, while for coarser work a larger angle is created to give a more robust edge. Peening requires some skill and

SECTION 10

#1732786763733

708-427: A shaft about 170 centimetres (67 in) long called a snaith , snath , snathe or sned , traditionally made of wood but now sometimes metal . Simple snaiths are straight with offset handles, others have an "S" curve or are steam bent in three dimensions to place the handles in an ergonomic configuration but close to the shaft. The snaith has either one or two short handles at right angles to it, usually one near

767-487: A sickle made of the strongest metal to her youngest son Kronos , who is also the youngest of the Titans and god of the harvest, to seek vengeance against her husband Ouranos for torturing their eldest sons. The Grim Reaper is often depicted carrying or wielding a scythe. According to Jack Herer and Flesh of The Gods (Emboden, W. A. Jr., Praeger Press, New York, 1974), the ancient Scythians grew hemp and harvested it with

826-406: A small step forward and repeats the motion, proceeding with a steady rhythm, stopping at frequent intervals to hone the blade. The correct technique has a slicing action on the grass, leaving a swathe of uniformly cut stubble , and forming a regular windrow on the left. When mown in a team, the team starts at the edge of the meadow in a staggered line, then proceeds clockwise, finishing in

885-555: A typical town on the California coast, with a popular mayor, a police force that Principal Snyder describes as "deeply stupid," and a local newspaper (the Sunnydale Press ). However, Mayor Wilkins had instructed the police to cover up any supernatural or mysterious violence occurring in the city and had directed Principal Snyder to conceal supernatural violence occurring at Sunnydale High. At some point in Sunnydale's history,

944-489: Is a 45-minute drive from town. Sunnydale is located on or near the Pacific Ocean . An ocean port with several docked ships is nearby. Kingman's Bluff stands on a tall cliff overlooking the sea. There is a beach not too far away. Close to or in Sunnydale is an old quarry house built beside a deep lake, located a few feet from a cliff edge. In addition, there is a hydroelectric dam in the vicinity of Sunnydale. Within

1003-535: Is a Hellmouth, a subterranean, mystical portal that attracts evil forces. This functions as a major plot device in Buffy the Vampire Slayer , as it explains why vampires and other demons are so prevalent in Sunnydale. Also beneath the school is a small pool of sea water with an outlet to the Pacific Ocean. Sunnydale exhibits many common horror-movie characteristics, including an abundance of dark alleyways, abandoned mansions, and factories. The adult population

1062-427: Is an agricultural hand tool for mowing grass or harvesting crops . It is historically used to cut down or reap edible grains , before the process of threshing . The scythe has been largely replaced by horse -drawn and then tractor machinery, but is still used in some areas of Europe and Asia. Reapers are bladed machines that automate the cutting of the scythe, and sometimes subsequent steps in preparing

1121-415: Is being used here, but blades can be free-peened using various designs of peening anvils. The peening jig shown has two interchangeable caps that set different angles: a coarse angle is set first about 3 mm back from the edge, and the fine angle is then set on the edge, leaving an edge that lends itself to being easily honed. The blade is then honed using progressively finer honing stones and then taken to

1180-467: Is divided into five neighborhoods. The first is the entertainment district which contains the Bronze, Sunnydale's nightclub, which attracts some well-known artists despite a clientele consisting mainly of high-school kids. The second consists of the alleys directly behind Bronze, housing the town's surplus supply of pallets and cardboard. The high school makes up the third neighborhood. The fourth neighborhood

1239-408: Is done using a peening hammer and special anvils or by using a peening jig. Historically, when mowing in teams, a peening station was set up on the edge of the field during harvest, but now more likely back in the workshop. In the example below, a short scythe blade, being used to clear brambles , is being sharpened. Before being taken to the forest, the blade is peened in the workshop: this reforms

SECTION 20

#1732786763733

1298-427: Is easier when it is damp, and so hay-making historically began at dawn and often stopped early, the heat of the day being spent raking and carting the hay cut on previous days or peening the blades. Scythes are designed for different tasks. A long, thin blade 90 to 100 centimetres (35 to 39 in) is most efficient for mowing grass or wheat, while a shorter, more robust scythe 60 to 70 centimetres (24 to 28 in)

1357-401: Is either clueless or perpetually in denial, in stark contrast to the demon-fighting, supernaturally aware teens. By the show's seventh season, set in 2002–03, the city's population had fallen to 32,900. In the spring, the town was almost completely evacuated. Sunnydale is somewhat isolated. The town is situated near several acres of woods and forest, including Miller's Woods. Breaker's Woods

1416-466: Is entirely occupied by a large graveyard, and finally, the suburban residential sprawl forms the last neighborhood. The prevalence of very nice homes is made possible by low property values resulting from frequent murders. In later seasons it is revealed that Sunnydale contains a campus of the University of California system, as well as a profitable magic supply shop. The town is also seen to include

1475-504: Is located in Santa Barbara County , or possibly Ventura County or San Luis Obispo County (all are along the coast north of Los Angeles but south of Monterey). Maps of Sunnydale have appeared at various times during the show: Various southern California locations are used as stand-ins for Sunnydale: Long before humans settled the area, a Hellmouth existed at the site of the future town of Sunnydale. In ancient times,

1534-518: Is more appropriate for clearing weeds, cutting reed or sedge and can be used with the blade under water for clearing ditches and waterways. Skilled mowers using long-bladed scythes honed very sharp were used to maintain short lawn grass until the invention of the lawnmower . Many cultures have used a variety of 'cradles' to catch cut different kinds of grain stems, keeping the seed heads aligned and laying them down in an orderly fashion to make them easier to sheaf and winnow . The cutting edge of

1593-500: The Chumash people , which is the area northwest of Los Angeles, centered on Santa Barbara County . The episode references a lost Spanish mission, which might be a reference to a historical mission originally located near Point Conception which was destroyed by an earthquake and relocated inland. The episode "Shadow" (5.08) contains a telephone directory ad for the Magic Box, which uses an 805 area code. This would indicate that Sunnydale

1652-566: The First Evil results in the complete obliteration of the town. Sunnydale collapses into a giant pit, closing the entrance to the Hellmouth. During the weeks between the series finale of Buffy and the Season 5 premiere of Angel , Lindsey McDonald makes an off-screen trip to the crater and digs up the amulet worn by Spike in the final battle. He sends it to Angel at Wolfram & Hart where it releases an incorporeal Spike. The destruction of

1711-604: The United States government was operating a "black" (secret) military unit, The Initiative, and has a laboratory and demon confinement complex in a cavern beneath the UC Sunnydale campus. The Initiative is closed down at the end of the season (spring 2000) after a climactic battle with the cyborg Adam . By this time, Tara Maclay and Anya have been added to the Scooby Gang. Later this same year, Giles purchases

1770-412: The developed world , the scythe has been largely replaced by the motorised lawn mower and combine harvester . However, the scythe remained in common use for many years after the introduction of machines because a side-mounted finger-bar mower – whether horse- or tractor-drawn – could not mow in front of itself, and scythes were still needed to open up a meadow by clearing

1829-404: The sickle for reaping crops by the 16th century, as the scythe was better ergonomically and consequently more efficient. In about 1800, the grain cradle was sometimes added to the standard scythe when mowing grain; the cradle was an addition of light wooden fingers above the scythe blade which kept the grain stems aligned and the heads together to make the collection and threshing easier. In

Sunnydale - Misplaced Pages Continue

1888-572: The 1794 Kościuszko Uprising is still vivid and commemorated. In order to strengthen the Polish forces against the Russians Kościuszko issued an act of mobilisation, but the difficulties with providing enough armament for the mobilised troops made Kościuszko form large units composed of peasants armed with scythes. Their motto was They Feed and Defend ( Polish : Żywią i Bronią , archaic spelling: Żywią y Bronią ). The emblem of Bnei Akiva ,

1947-734: The Bronze, the Espresso Pump (a local coffee house with a retro gas station motif) and the Sun Cinema. Buffy's mother, Joyce , works in an art gallery in Sunnydale. (It is not clear whether or not she owns the gallery.) During their time in high school, Buffy and her friends fight a number of vampires, most notably the Master , Angel , a vampire with a soul, who fell in love with Buffy; Spike , Drusilla , and Angelus (when Angel had lost his soul). Another slayer, Faith , arrives in their senior year of high school (Season 3) and lives at

2006-487: The Downtowner Motel until she joins forces with Mayor Wilkins. In the third season episode " The Wish ", Cordelia angrily wishes that Buffy Summers had never arrived in Sunnydale, and her wish is granted by vengeance demon Anyanka . Cordelia finds herself in an alternate universe where The Master has risen to the surface and completely taken over the town, with the surviving human population living in terror of

2065-582: The Greek and Roman harpe and the Egyptian khopesh were scythes or sickles modified as weapons or symbols of authority. An improvised conversion of the agricultural scythe to a war scythe by re-attaching the blade parallel to the snaith, similar to a bill , has also been used throughout history as a weapon. See § In art below for an example. Although the scythe is still an indispensable tool for farmers in developing countries and in mountainous terrain,

2124-624: The Seed of Wonder, an artifact that is the source of all magic on Earth, and serves as a battleground between themselves and a massive legion of extra-dimensional demons. High school (North America) High schools in North America are schools for secondary education , which may also involve intermediate education . Highschooling in North America may refer to: Scythe A scythe ( / s aɪ ð / SYDHE )

2183-406: The alternate names "Happydale" and "Sunny Acres") in a demon infested valley after a Navajo Slayer died there in 1899. He made a pact with the demons to found a town atop the Hellmouth for them "to feed on", in return for the promise of immortality by becoming a pure demon himself. Wilkins became Mayor of Sunnydale. In the 1930s, there was at least one more major earthquake in Sunnydale. This caused

2242-475: The belt. A burr is set up on the outside of the blade by stroking the blade on the inside; the burr is then taken off by gently stroking it on the outside. There are many opinions, regional traditions and variations on exactly how to do this; some eastern European countries even set up the burr on the inside. Unlike European blades, which are made from malleable steel, typical American blades are made of harder, more brittle, steel and risk cracking if peened. While

2301-479: The city is mentioned several times during Angel's final season, mainly tying into Spike's brief ghostly status. It is seen one more time when a military general oversees the crater in Season 8 . The destruction of the town has also led the U.S. government to brand the Scooby Gang and their Slayers an international terrorist group. In the final arc of Season 8, the Scooby Gang return to the ruins of Sunnydale to secure

2360-494: The deaths of Joyce Summers and Buffy herself (although Buffy is returned from the grave by a magic spell cast by Willow). After this point, Buffy and Dawn become co-owners of the family house. Before Season 5's end, a scene in the city would be shown at least once in the second season of Buffy ' s spinoff, Angel . In the episode "Disharmony", Cordelia Chase calls Willow from Los Angeles when her high school friend Harmony Kendall turns up. We see Willow's side of this call in

2419-425: The edge steel is typically clad on either side with the tough iron, while some Nordic laminated blades have a layer of iron on the top only, with the edge steel comprising the bottom layer. Scythes may date back as far as c.  5000 BC ; they seem to have been used since Cucuteni–Trypillia settlements, becoming widespread with agricultural developments. Initially used mostly for mowing hay, it had replaced

Sunnydale - Misplaced Pages Continue

2478-658: The farmers often celebrate by having a small feast where they dance, drink and eat, while being careful to keep in shape for the next day's hard work. In other parts of the Balkans, such as in Serbian towns, scything competitions are held where the winner takes away a small silver scythe. In small Serbian towns, scything is treasured as part of the local folklore, and the winners of friendly competitions are rewarded richly with food and drink, which they share with their competitors. Among Basques scythe-mowing competitions are still

2537-412: The field. In the field, the blade is honed using a fine, ovoid whetstone (or rubber ), fine-grained for grass, coarser for cereal crops. Honing is performed the moment the mower senses that the edge has gone off; this may be every half hour or more depending on the conditions. The laminated honing stone shown here has two grades of stone and is carried into the field soaking in a water-filled holster on

2596-513: The first swathe to give the mechanical mower room to start. The Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities of Sir William Smith argues that the scythe, known in Latin as the falx foenaria as opposed to the sickle, the falx messoria , was used by the ancient Romans. According to ancient Greek mythology , Gaia  – the Greek goddess and mother of the Titans  – gave

2655-480: The following mystic artifacts were hidden throughout the town's cemeteries and perhaps elsewhere: The series begins when Buffy Summers, the current vampire slayer , moves to 1630 Revello Drive, and begins attending Sunnydale High School. There she meets new friends, including Willow Rosenberg , Xander Harris , and her new watcher, Rupert Giles . This "Scooby Gang", eventually including popular cheerleader Cordelia Chase and Willow's boyfriend Oz , often hangs out at

2714-511: The grain or the straw or hay . The word "scythe" derives from Old English siðe . In Middle English and later, it was usually spelt sithe or sythe . However, in the 15th century some writers began to use the sc- spelling as they thought (wrongly) the word was related to the Latin scindere (meaning "to cut"). Nevertheless, the sithe spelling lingered and notably appears in Noah Webster 's dictionaries. A scythe consists of

2773-549: The handles in the wrong locations to suit the body, setting the blade at the wrong turn-in and turn-up angles to suit the conditions, choosing a blade that is too long for the skill level, failing to start with a sharp edge and persevering with a dull one during use, chopping or hacking at the grass, trying to cut too wide a strip of grass at once and striking the ground with the blade. Historically, beginners relied on mentors to help them set up and maintain their scythe and to teach them to mow comfortably and efficiently. Mowing grass

2832-428: The harder blade holds an edge longer and requires less frequent honing in the field, the edge can only be reshaped by grinding after heavy use or damage. This usually only needs to be done only 1–3 times a season because of the greater wear resistance of the harder steel. Some examples have a laminated construction with a hard, wear-resistant core providing the edge, and softer sides providing strength. In American blades,

2891-459: The late 18th century. In 1812, there was an earthquake in the Sunnydale region that caused a cave-in during which an entire mission was lost; the very existence of the mission was soon forgotten. (The Mission La Purísima Concepción , originally sited near Point Conception and relocated to Lompoc would fit this description.) Richard Wilkins arrived in California in the late 19th century, looking for gold. He founded Sunnydale (after considering

2950-506: The left-handed mower would be mowing in the opposite direction and could not mow in a team. Although left-handed scythes exist, their primary purpose is not to suit left-handed mowers but to mow back out from an obstruction on the left, such as when mowing back from the end of a ditch; ditch mowers may have both left and right-handed ditch scythes with them to do this. The use of a scythe was historically called mowing , now often scything to distinguish it from machine mowing. The mower holds

3009-448: The malleable steel to create an edge profile that can then be honed. Peening is done only occasionally; how often depends on the hardness of the steel and the nature of the work. The Austrian blade shown is being used to cut tough-stemmed brambles and it is being peened about every thirty hours of work. Nicks and cuts to the blade edge can usually be worked out of the blade by peening and a new edge profile formed for honing. A peening jig

SECTION 50

#1732786763733

3068-411: The middle. Mowing with a scythe is a skilled task that takes time to learn fully. Long-bladed scythes, typically around 90 centimetres (35 in) (such as in the example below) and suitable for mowing grass or wheat, are harder to use at first; consequently, beginners usually start on shorter blades, generally 70 centimetres (28 in) or less. Common beginner errors include setting up the snaith with

3127-409: The show's writers utilized fully for comic effect and narrative convenience. During the first three seasons, Sunnydale is shown to have 38,500 inhabitants, very few high schools , forty-three churches, a small private college, a zoo, a museum, and one modest main street. Even so, it has twelve gothic cemeteries . These cemeteries are so heavily used that services are sometimes held at night. Sunnydale

3186-467: The television show of the political leaders of the city. The police occasionally appear, but the police chief does not. There is no further discussion of the police covering up supernatural evidence, although one newspaper headline suggests this may have continued. As the fourth season begins (fall 1999), Buffy and Willow begin attending the University of California, Sunnydale. There they discover that

3245-548: The tool has become associated with the Grim Reaper. In Romania, for example, in the highland landscape of the Transylvanian Apuseni Mountains , scything is a very important annual activity, taking about 2–3 weeks to complete for a regular house. As scything is a tiring physical activity and is relatively difficult to learn, farmers help each other by forming teams. After each day's harvest,

3304-418: The top handle in the left hand and the central one in the right, with the arms straight, the blade parallel and very close to the ground. The mower cuts along the mowing edge of the meadow, keeping the uncut grass to the right. The blade hooks the grass on the right and is swung to the left in a long arc ending to the left of the mower to form a windrow of cut grass on the previously mown ground. The mower takes

3363-503: The town. Sunnydale's population is also revealed to have dropped to 32,900. In the second half of the seventh season (early 2003), supernatural manifestations at Sunnydale High reach unprecedented levels. Within less than a month, virtually the entire population of the town flees in a mass evacuation. Soon thereafter, the cataclysmic showdown between the Scooby Gang, the Potential Slayers Buffy has gathered together, and

3422-461: The upper end and always another roughly in the middle. The handles are usually adjustable to suit the user. A curved, steel blade between 60 and 90 centimetres (24 and 35 in) long is mounted at the lower end at 90°, or less, to the snaith. Scythes almost always have the blade projecting from the left side of the snaith when in use, with the edge towards the mower; left-handed scythes are made but cannot be used together with right-handed scythes as

3481-411: The vampires. The school is sparsely populated; curfews are strict; humans wear crosses and drab colors to avoid attracting vampires; and almost all of the people she knew are either dead or have been turned into vampires. At the end of the third season (June 1999), Sunnydale High School is destroyed in a great conflict that kills Mayor Wilkins and Principal Snyder. After this point, there is no mention in

#732267