91-492: Opposition Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) is the local civic body responsible for the administration of Surat , Gujarat which has come into being under the Bombay Provincial Municipal Act, 1949. The Surat Municipal Corporation was established on 2 October 1966. Surat Municipal Corporation area 462.149 sq km. It carries out all the obligatory functions and discretionary functions entrusted by
182-665: A business process outsourcing facility in the Philippines. Since 2006, TCS has signed large contracts with American biopharmaceutical majors including Pfizer and Eli Lilly for providing clinical research - data management , biostatistics , and medical writing services. TCS also provides services to European biopharmaceutical corporations such as Roche and Novartis in the areas of clinical data management, biostatistics , clinical programming, pharmacovigilance , and RWE support towards global drug development efforts. TCS established India's first software research centre,
273-503: A hundred thousand units and mills in total. The overall annual turnover is around 5 billion rupees. There are over 800 cloth wholesalers in Surat. It is the largest manufacturer of clothes in India, and Surti dress material can be found in any state of India. Surat produces 9 million meters of fabric annually, which accounts for 60% of the total polyester cloth production in India. Now the city
364-612: A market capitalization of US$ 200 billion, making it the first Indian IT company to achieve this valuation. In 2012, it was the world's second-largest user of U.S. H-1B visas . In 2024, parent company Tata Sons owned 71.74% of TCS, and close to 80% of Tata Sons' dividend income came from TCS. Tata Consultancy Services Limited, originally known as Tata Computer Systems, was established in 1968 by Tata Sons Limited . The company's initial contracts involved providing punched card services to its sister company TISCO (now Tata Steel ), developing an Inter-Branch Reconciliation System for
455-518: A network of 245 buses connecting major localities. Surat International Airport located in Magdalla , 11 kilometres (7 mi) southwest of Surat. It is the 2nd busiest airport in Gujarat in terms of both aircraft movements and passenger traffic. Currently, airlines such as Air India, Alliance Air, AirAsia India, SpiceJet, IndiGo Airlines, Air Odisha, Ventura AirConnect provide flight services from
546-406: A network of innovation labs, start-up alliances, university research departments, and venture capitalists. In addition, TCS has 19 innovation labs based in three countries. TCS' partners include Collabnet and Cassatt , and academic institutions such as IITs , Stanford , MIT , and Carnegie Mellon , and venture capitalists like Sequoia and Kleiner Perkins . Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)
637-625: A partnership with Aurus, a payments technology company, to deliver payment solutions for retailers through TCS OmniStore, a pioneering unified store commerce platform. The same year, TCS China entered into a joint venture with the Chinese government. In March 2018, Tata Sons sold TCS shares worth $ 1.25 billion in a bulk transaction. In 2019, TCS received four Stevies at the American Business Awards. On 8 October 2020, TCS surpassed Accenture in market capitalization, becoming
728-532: A range of manufacturing and industry fields such as diamonds, textiles, petrochemicals, shipbuilding, automobile, port etc. Since it is known for producing textiles, including silk, Surat is known as the textile hub of the nation or the Silk City of India. It is very famous for its cotton mills and Surat Zari Craft . Surat is the biggest center of MMF (man-made fiber) in India. It has a total of 381 dyeing and printing mills and 41,100 power loom units. There are over
819-475: Is a Dutch name. There are many other names of Surat in history. Surat is referred to as Surrat, Surate or Soorat in some literature. Before the rise of Surat in the 1500s, the nearby town of Rander was the main commercial centre in the area. Rander had a prominent Arab merchant community involved in overseas trade with regions such as Burma, China, Malaya, and Sumatra. In the 1500s, Rander declined due to Portuguese raids. Surat became an important port city around
910-505: Is a small Buddhist and Christian community. Languages of Surat M Corp. (2011) At the time of the 2011 census, 54.42% of the population spoke Gujarati , 22.39% Hindi , 9.92% Marathi , 3.24% Urdu , 3.11% Odia , 1.74% Marwari and 1.38% Bhojpuri as their first language. Surat is a stronghold of the BJP, which has ruled Gujarat continuously for 30 years. Mukesh Dalal , of BJP is the MP from
1001-640: Is also home to the world's largest office building by floor area , the Surat Diamond Bourse . Surat is listed as the second cleanest city of India as of 21 August 2020 according to the Swachh Survekshan 2020 on 20 August. It suffered a major pipeline fire which caused some damage. In the 2021 edition of the same survey, it slipped to 12th place and further dropped to 25th in 2023. Despite these recent fluctuations, Surat continues to implement various cleanliness initiatives and shared
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#17328018456211092-574: Is an Indian multinational technology company specializing in information technology services and consulting . Headquartered in Mumbai , it is a part of the Tata Group and operates in 150 locations across 46 countries. It is the second-largest Indian company by market capitalization . As of 2024, TCS is ranked seventh on the Fortune India 500 list. In September 2021, TCS recorded
1183-538: Is focusing on increasing the exports of its textile. There are many SME Domestic IT Companies present in Surat. MNC IT companies like IBM, HCL have satellite or virtual branches in Surat. On 14 February 2014, Government of Gujarat DST had handover STPI Surat at Bhestan-Jiav Road, Bhestan Near Udhana-Sachin BRTS Route. Surat city administration will demand for setting up of an information technology (IT) hub and an Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT) on
1274-678: Is in the 1190s, after Qutb ud-Din Aibak , then a general of Muhammad Ghuri , defeated the Chaulukya king Bhima II in battle. According to the local histories of Bakshi Mian Walad Shah Ahmad and Munshi Ghulam Mohi ud-Din , Aibak went as far south as Rander and Surat. Surat was then ruled by a Hindu chief based at nearby Kamrej . This ruler initially tried to take refuge in a garden at Surat, but then decided that he had no chance of resisting Aibak's forces and offered his submission. Aibak, in turn, confirmed him as ruler of Kamrej. From 1297, Gujarat
1365-530: Is located in Hazira , an industrial suburb where most of the industries are located while other region is Magdalla which is also developed as Port of Magdalla . The government of Gujarat plans another project near Surat similar to Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT). The Chief Minister has suggested that the government wishes to develop DREAM to have a five-seven star hotel, bank, IT, corporate trading house, entertainment zone and other facilities while
1456-620: Is located on the Tapti River (popularly known as Tapi) , close to the Arabian Sea . Surat will be the world's fastest-growing city from 2019 to 2035, according to a study conducted by Economic Times . The city registered an annualised GDP growth rate of 11.5% over the seven fiscal years between 2001 and 2008. Surat was awarded "best city" by the Annual Survey of India's City-Systems (ASICS) in 2013. Surat has been selected as
1547-585: Is now in the Magadalla and Hazira area of Surat Metropolitan Region . It has a famous beach called 'Dumas Beach' located in Dumas.The city is located at 21°12′18″N 72°50′24″E / 21.205°N 72.840°E / 21.205; 72.840 . It has an average elevation of 13 metres. The Surat district is surrounded by the Bharuch , Narmada , Navsari and Tapi districts, and Gulf of Cambay to
1638-496: Is one of the largest private-sector employers in India, and ranks as the fourth-largest employer among listed Indian companies , following Indian Railways , Indian Army , and India Post . As of 8 July 2022, TCS had over 600,000 employees. As of 31 March 2013, the number of non- Indian nationals employed by TCS was 21,282, representing 7.7% of the workforce. For the fiscal year 2012–13, TCS's employee costs amounted to US$ 4.38 billion, which constituted approximately 38% of
1729-832: Is people from the Saurashtra region of Gujarat. Because of demand in the American market from the early 1970s to the mid-1980s (with only a brief recession in 1979), Surat's diamond industry grew tremendously. Currently, most of the diamond polishing workshops are running in the Varachha area of Surat, mostly by the people of the Patel community. Around the world, 8 out of 10 diamonds on the market were cut and polished in Surat. This industry earns India about US$ 10 billion in annual exports. That declined by about 18% in 2019 due to reduced demand for diamonds. The decline continued in 2020 when
1820-548: Is the only city in India to disclose municipal budgets on a weekly basis. Surat began the 'Safe City Project' in 2011 aimed at keeping the city safe using surveillance cameras. The project was headed by Sanjay Srivastava (IPS) who was then the Joint-Commissioner of Surat Police. The 280-square-foot video wall claimed to be the largest surveillance screen in the country, is being installed in the control room of Police Commissioner Mr. Rakesh Asthana (IPS). This will help
1911-624: Is the only city in India to disclose municipal budgets on a weekly basis. This story is from 25 June 2018 Surat slips in swachhata rank TNN | Updated: Jun 25, 2018, 10:36 IST In the Swachh Survekshan 2018 conducted by the Union minister. Surat Surat ( Gujarati : [suɾət] ) is a city in the western Indian state of Gujarat . The word Surat directly translates to face in Urdu , Gujarati and Hindi . Located on
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#17328018456212002-680: Is the ruling party with a majority. Under the Provisions of Bombay Provincial Municipal Corporations Act, 1949, Section – 4, the powers have been vested in three Distinct Statutory Authorities: the General Board, the Standing Committee, and the Municipal Commissioner. It ranked 7 out of 21 cities for best administrative practices in India in 2014. It scored 3.5 on 10 compared to the national average of 3.3. It
2093-460: Is the second largest city in Gujarat after Ahmedabad and the eighth largest city by population and ninth largest urban agglomeration in India. It is the administrative capital of the Surat district . The city is located 284 km (176 mi) south of the state capital, Gandhinagar ; 265 km (165 mi) south of Ahmedabad ; and 289 km (180 mi) north of Mumbai . The city centre
2184-419: Is valued at approximately $ 3 billion. He noted that 95% of the deals won by TCS between October 2020 and October 2021 were for its cloud and SaaS platforms. In 2021, TCS underwent a millennial rebranding, and the company updated its tagline from "Experience Certainty" to "Building on Belief". In 2021, Tata Consultancy Services was also one of the largest job providers in India, hiring 43,000 new employees in
2275-827: The Central Bank of India , and offering bureau services to the Unit Trust of India . In 1975, TCS implemented an electronic depository and trading system named SECOM for Swiss company SIS SegaInterSettle. It also developed System X for the Canadian Depository System and automated the Johannesburg Stock Exchange . TCS also partnered with the Swiss firm TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired. In 1980, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development center,
2366-701: The Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage deeming Surat as the second cleanest city in India. On 2 October 2007, Surat district was split into two by the creation of a new Tapi district, under the Surat District Re-organisation Act 2007. Surat is a port city situated on the banks of the Tapi river. After dams were built, water flow in Tapi deceased causing the original port facilities to close. The nearest port
2457-530: The Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation . By 2008, its e-business operations were generating over US$ 500 million in annual revenue. In 2011, TCS entered the small and medium enterprises market with cloud -based solutions. On the final trading day of 2011, it surpassed RIL to achieve the highest market capitalization of any India-based company. In the 2011–12 fiscal year, TCS achieved annual revenues exceeding US$ 10 billion for
2548-540: The Jalalpore Railway Station , removed the Rails and burnt down the post office. After this, situation in the neighbouring villages of Borsad , Anand and Thasra taluqas became so aggravated that British troops was marched through the villages between 22 and 24 August 1942. The Armenian community in Surat, India , flourished from the 16th to the 17th centuries, leaving a lasting impact on
2639-457: The River Tapi and treated at treatment plants in the city. The supplied water received ISO-9000-2008 certification in 2010. Building homes and shelters for homeless and poorer people in Surat. These homes also provide education, government benefits, social security schemes, and voter IDs to help them live a better life and find jobs to support themselves. The SMC operates bus services in
2730-452: The Surat Diamond Bourse (SDB) will be based there. Allotment of Khajod land for the project is convenient for the state government because they have 2,000 acres (810 ha) of available land. The Trade Centre, located near Sarsana village, will have a 100,160 m (1,078,100 sq ft) pillar-less air-conditioned hall with a 90 by 35 m (295 by 115 ft) pillar-less dome. Built in 1860, Surat railway station falls under
2821-722: The Surat Lok Sabha constituency . He was elected unopposed to the Lok Sabha in 2024. Govind Dholakia he was nominated by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to the Rajya Sabha , elected unopposed for the term spanning from 2024 to 2030. The Assembly constituencies of Surat district are The Surat Municipal Corporation is responsible for maintaining the city's civic infrastructure as well as carrying out associated administrative duties. At present, BJP
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2912-592: The Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC), located in Pune . The following year, it created India's first client-dedicated offshore development centre , established for Tandem . Anticipating the Y2K bug and the introduction of the unified European currency ( Euro ), Tata Consultancy Services developed a factory model for Y2K conversion. The company also created software tools to automate
3003-407: The Tata Research Development and Design Centre , in Pune , in 1981. TRDDC undertakes research in software engineering , process engineering , bioinformatics , and systems research. Researchers at TRDDC also developed MasterCraft (now a suite of digitization and optimization tools), a Model-driven Development software that can automatically create codes based on a model of a software, and rewrite
3094-630: The US District Court, Northern District of California in Oakland , California, granted final approval for the settlement of the lawsuit. In a lawsuit filed in October 2014 in the US District Court in Madison, Epic Systems accused TCS and Tata America International Corp of "brazenly stealing the trade secrets, confidential information, documents, and data" belonging to Epic. This lawsuit
3185-414: The 10th-century Arabic geographer Istakhri as being four days south of Khambhat and five days north of Sanjan . Other Arabic authors spelled the name as "Subara" or "Sufara". The identification of this place with Surat, though, is uncertain, and in any case these early mentions of Suryapur or Surabaya do not indicate whether it was a sizeable town or just a small hamlet. Another early mention of Surat
3276-483: The 1570s, he launched two major campaigns against Gujarat —one of a much longer duration and one much shorter. The fall of Surat occurred during the former campaign and lasted one month and seventeen days. Akbar implemented large military power during these conquests, fighting many battles. Notably, the conquest of Surat was an important catalyst for overseas trade during the rule of the Mughal Empire as it became
3367-408: The 2011 India census, the population of Surat is 4,467,797. Surat has an average literacy rate of 89%, higher than the national average of 79.5%, male literacy is 93%, and female literacy is 84%. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. In Surat, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. Hindus are the majority community. Muslims and Jains are the largest minorities, and there
3458-502: The 20th century, Surat has experienced some 20 floods. In 1968, most parts of the city were flooded and in 1994 a flood caused a country-wide plague outbreak, Surat being the epicenter. In 1998, 30 per cent of Surat had gone under water due to flooding in Tapti river following release of water from Ukai dam located 90 km from Surat and in Aug 2006 flood more than 95 per cent of the city
3549-655: The Armenians' business prowess, seeking their cooperation for trading privileges in the Mughal court . Today, these gravestones serve as a poignant reminder of the Armenian community's significant contributions to Surat's history and culture. After India gained independence on 15 August 1947, Surat became part of India. At that time it was a part of Bombay State. Later it became the part of Gujarat state. Along with Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Pune, Nagpur and Vadodara, Surat became one of
3640-461: The BPMC Act, 1949 with the following mission. To make Surat a dynamic, vibrant, self-reliant and sustainable city with all basic amenities, Surat Municipal Corporation perceives its role as the principal facilitator and provider of services as detailed below to provide a better quality of people life. Surat Municipal Corporation is local self-government that came into being under the provisions of
3731-399: The Bombay Provincial Municipal Act, 1949 carries out all the obligatory & discretionary functions prescribed thereunder. Surat Municipal Corporation perceives its role as the principal facilitator and provider of services as detailed below to provide a better quality of life. Potable water supply The SMC supplies potable drinking water to the residents of Surat. The water is drawn from
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3822-731: The Gujarat Sultans or the Deccan sultanates . However, following the fall of the Gujarat Sultanate in 1538 it was controlled by more local nobles starting with Chengiz Khan who enjoyed absolute authority over Surat, Broach , Baroda and Champaner . However, in 1637, Aurangzeb fully annexed Baglana into the Mughal Empire. In 1514, the Portuguese traveler Duarte Barbosa described Surat as an important seaport, frequented by many ships from Malabar and various parts of
3913-556: The Mughal Empire. Though it remained a pivotal city for textile-based products, it was less important to the British as a port city than it was for the Mughals. Nevertheless, Surat was very interconnected with Asia and Europe, involving trade with both Europeans and Armenian merchants. Tactically, Surat involved itself in trade in fields that did not compete with existing European products, such as pearls and silver. The textile industry
4004-499: The Surat City Police. Surat ranked 9th in India with a GDP of $ 40 billion in the fiscal year 2016. The GDP of Surat in 2020 will be around $ 57 billion estimated by The City Mayors Foundation, an international think tank on urban affairs. Surat is a major hub of diamond cutting and polishing. The first diamond workshops in Gujarat appeared in Surat and Navasari in the late 1950s. The major group working in this industry
4095-489: The Surat to various major cities like New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Goa, Jaipur, Visakhapatnam. There are also regular international flights on the Sharjah route of Air India Express. Apart from the main city, Surat Airport also caters to various localities of south Gujarat including Navsari, Bardoli, Valsad, Bharuch, Ankleshwar. Tata Consultancy Services Tata Consultancy Services ( TCS )
4186-585: The United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and Singapore. The TCS BPS (Business Process Services) division had revenues of US$ 1.44 billion in FY 2012–13, which was 12.5% of the total revenue of TCS. TCS BPS has more than 45,000 employees who serve over 225 million customers across 11 countries. The rate of attrition in the BPS division during the financial year 2012–13 was 19.5%. The firm has also opened
4277-514: The United States, following Infosys , Cognizant , Wipro , and Satyam . In 2012, TCS and other Tata Group companies were the second-largest recipients of H-1B visas. Subramaniam Ramadorai, the former CEO of TCS, authored an autobiographical book titled The TCS Story...and Beyond about his experiences with the company. TCS is the title sponsor for Toronto Waterfront Marathon , London Marathon , Amsterdam Marathon , Mumbai Marathon , Lidingöloppet , and New York City Marathon and one of
4368-590: The administrative control of Western Railway zone of the Indian Railways . In early 2016, the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation rated the facility the best large station in India based on cleanliness. The Sitilink or Surat BRTS is a bus rapid transit system in the city. Initiated by Bharat Shah, additional city engineer of Surat Municipal Corporation. It is operated by Surat Municipal Corporation and as of August 2017, had
4459-467: The banks of the river Tapti near its confluence with the Arabian Sea, it used to be a large seaport . It is now the commercial and economic centre of South Gujarat , and one of the largest urban areas of western India. It has well-established diamond and textile industry, and is a major supply centre for apparels and accessories. About 90% of the world's diamonds are cut and polished in Surat. It
4550-415: The city as well as the regular collection of garbage. Rao also demolished many illegal constructions. However, slums would often fall subject to removal when streets were widened, but Rao ensured that the residents were given alternative residential sites with adequate facilities to accommodate them. Rao’s urban and sanitary-related actions fostered the revival of Surat in its post-plague state. Nevertheless,
4641-400: The city under a public–private partnership . The Surat Municipal Corporation operates under the Provisions of Bombay Provincial Municipal Corporations Act, 1949, under the executive power of the municipal commissioner. The Surat Municipal Corporation ranked 7th out of 21 Cities for best administrative practices in India in 2014. It scored 3.5 on 10 compared to the national average of 3.3. It
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#17328018456214732-502: The city was mentioned, many residents of Surat fled the city. About a quarter of Surat’s population fled the city, including people who were in the incubation phase of the disease. This, in turn, partly contributed to the spread of the plague throughout India. In the media, the cause of the plague was attributed to poor garbage disposal. However, the spread was instead brought about by rodents and fleas which were inadvertently caused by garbage in Surat. The disease ran more rampant through
4823-490: The city's history. The Armenian gravestones in Surat, dating back to this period, are intricate and well-preserved, showcasing the community's presence and customs. Armenians in Surat were renowned traders, dealing in jewelry, precious stones, cotton, and silk. They established trade routes to destinations such as Egypt , the Levant , Turkey , Venice , and Leghorn , often traveling with their families. The British recognised
4914-409: The city. By the middle of the 19th century, Surat had become a stagnant city with about 80,000 inhabitants. When India's railways opened, the city started becoming prosperous again. Silks , cotton, brocades, and objects of gold and silver from Surat became famous and the ancient art of manufacturing fine muslin was revived. Under British Raj , Surat saw a period of decline from its success under
5005-513: The co-operation continued into 2016. Surat is being a port city, it has turned as a major commercial and industrial hub in India. It is home for many companies such as Oil and Natural Gas Corporation , Reliance Industries ( Hazira Manufacturing Division ), Essar Steel , Larsen & Toubro , Krishak Bharati Cooperative , NTPC Limited , Bharat Petroleum , Indian Oil Corporation , UltraTech Cement , Shell , GAIL , GSEG , Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation , Hero MotoCorp etc. Hazira Port
5096-511: The codes based on the users' needs. The research at TRDDC has also resulted in the development of Sujal, a low-cost water purifier, that can be manufactured using locally available resources. TCS deployed thousands of these filters in the Indian Ocean tsunami disaster of 2004 as part of its relief activities. This product has been marketed in India as Tata Swach , a low-cost water purifier. In 2007, TCS launched its co-innovation network,
5187-432: The company's total revenue for that period. During the same fiscal year, TCS recruited 69,728 new staff members, with 59,276 based in India and 10,452 located elsewhere. The employee attrition rate for that period was 10.6%, and the average age of a TCS employee is 28 years. The employee utilization rate, excluding trainees, for the fiscal year 2012–13 was 82%. In 2008, TCS was the fifth-largest recipient of H-1B visas in
5278-468: The conversion process and facilitate implementation by third-party developers and clients. In late 1999, TCS introduced Decision Support System (DSS) solutions to the domestic market. In 1999, the company also registered its first tagline, "Beyond the Obvious." In 2001, TCS entered the bioinformatics segment, and three years later, launched India's first bioinformatics product. In 2003, TCS became
5369-567: The evening, especially near the Bazaar (marketplace), the streets became crowded with people and merchants (including Banyan merchants ) selling their goods. Surat was a populous city during the Mughal era but also had a large transient population: during the monsoon season, when ships could come and go from the ports without danger, the city's population would swell. In 1612, England established its first Indian trading factory in Surat. The city
5460-462: The fast growing cities and major commercial and industrial centers of Western India. During the post-independence period, Surat has experienced considerable growth in industrial activities especially textiles and chemical along with trading activities. Surat faced a major health crisis in 1994. News of a plague outbreak in Surat occurred in September 1994, and when the possibility of quarantine for
5551-433: The first Indian IT company to record $ 1 billion in revenue. On 25 August 2004, TCS became a publicly listed company after its initial public offering . In July 2005, Tata Infotech, which was until then a different IT subsidiary of Tata Sons , merged with TCS in a stock swap deal. Later that year, TCS changed its tagline from "Beyond the Obvious" to "Experience Certainty". In 2006, TCS developed an ERP system for
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#17328018456215642-410: The first half of the fiscal year 2021–22. As of September 2023, TCS had a total of 51 subsidiary companies in 55 countries. As of 2024, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) operates from over 50 countries and more than 500 offices globally. In India, TCS has multiple delivery centers in major cities, including Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, and Hyderabad. It has significant operations in key markets such as
5733-558: The first smart IT city in India which is being constituted by the Microsoft CityNext Initiative tied up with IT services majors Tata Consultancy Services and Wipro . The city has 2.97 million internet users, about 65% of total population. Surat was selected in 2015 for an IBM Smarter Cities Challenge grant. Surat has been selected as one of twenty Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission . Surat
5824-736: The first time. In May 2013, TCS was awarded a six-year contract valued at over ₹ 11 billion (US$ 130 million) to provide services to the Indian Department of Posts . In 2013, the company moved from 13th to 10th place in the League of top 10 global IT services companies . In July 2014, it became the first Indian company to exceed ₹ 5 trillion (equivalent to ₹ 8.0 trillion or US$ 96 billion in 2023) in market capitalization. In January 2015, TCS became India's most profitable company, ending Reliance Industries Limited 's 23-year streak. In January 2017, TCS announced
5915-587: The hottest months, the average maximum temperature being 37 °C (99 °F). Monsoon begins in late June and the city receives about 1,200 mm (47 in) of rain by the end of September, with the average maximum being 32 °C (90 °F) during those months. October and November see the retreat of the monsoon and a return of high temperatures until late November. Winter starts in December and ends in late February, with average mean temperatures of around 23 °C (73 °F), and negligible rain. Since
6006-718: The industry closed for some months because of the COVID-19 pandemic in India . A legacy of old Dutch trade links, it began after a Surti entrepreneur returned from East Africa bringing diamond cutters. The rough diamonds are mined in South Africa and other regions of the African continent, and go from here as smooth gems to Antwerp, Belgium where the international diamond trade is run mainly by Hasidic Jews and Jains from Palanpur in North Gujarat. Surat's economy drives from
6097-637: The most important port city of that reign and evolved into a bustling trading hub. It was the most prosperous port in the Mughal empire. Despite being a rich city, Surat looked like a typical "grubby" trader's town with mud-and-bamboo tenements and crooked streets, although along the riverfront there were a few mansions and warehouses belonging to local merchant princes and the establishments of Turkish, Armenian, English, French and Dutch traders. There were also hospitals for cows, horses, flies and insects run by religious Jains , which puzzled travelers. Some streets were narrow while others were of sufficient width. In
6188-535: The name "Suraj", or "Suryapur", or "city of the sun". Gopi sent a request to the unnamed king of Gujarat for this to be the new town's name. The Muslim king altered it to Surat after the word surah , which is the name of the chapters of the Qur'an . However, the names Suryapur and Surat are both mentioned in sources before 1500, so both the name and the town predate Gopi's time. Duarte Barbosa described Surat as Suratt. Jacob Peeters referred to Surat as Sourratte which
6279-472: The outskirts of the city. Microsoft CityNext initiative has tied up with IT services majors Tata Consultancy Services and Wipro to leverage technology for sustainable growth of cities in India. The first smart IT city in India is being constituted by the Microsoft CityNext Initiative in Surat, Gujarat . In 2011, Surat hosted India's first Microsoft DreamSpark Yatra (a tech event) with speakers from Microsoft Headquarters at Redmond, Washington . The event
6370-406: The plague had long-lasting implications for Surat. It brought attention to the lack of information and the spread of misinformation that occurred in India. Incorrect death tolls and false facts about the cause of the disease were spread, leaving lots of room for post-plague city revival both in terms of information control and cleanliness. Surat’s actions pertaining to the latter eventually resulted in
6461-422: The plague, Suryadevara Ramachandra Rao was elected as the new administrator and launched extensive cleaning campaigns to combat the outbreak. This was a major step towards sanitation and cleanliness in Surat. Rao’s campaigns included launching hotel and shop inspections (to address their irresponsible garbage practices) for several months and calling for the broadening of roads. He enforced designated sweeping of
6552-590: The players’ fitness levels and for security purposes in the stadiums. TCS conducts an annual IT quiz for high school students called TCS IT Wiz . TCS also currently sponsors Jaguar Racing in Formula E and Nakajima Racing in Super Formula . On 14 February 2006, the US law firm Lieff Cabraser filed a nationwide class action lawsuit against TCS concerning payments to employees on deputation. This lawsuit
6643-405: The police view the entire city live through 10,000 CCTV cameras across the city. Surat police have decided to install 5,000 CCTV cameras at sensitive points across the city. While 1,000 cameras will be night vision cameras, 4,000 others will be simple CCTV cameras. This has been installed on PPP base with the help of the city's businessmen, the city's social persons, Surat Municipal Corporation , and
6734-414: The rise of Bombay (present-day Mumbai ). Afterward, Surat's shipbuilding industry declined and Surat itself gradually declined throughout the 18th century. During 1790–1791, an epidemic killed 100,000 Gujaratis in Surat. The British and Dutch both claimed control of the city, but in 1800, the British took control of Surat. A fire in 1837 resulted in more than 500 deaths and the destruction of much of
6825-436: The same time, and some of Rander's merchant population likely moved to Surat for economic opportunity. Early references to Surat appear by the 10th century, but they shed little light on what type of settlement it was. As Suryapur, it is mentioned along with Bharuch as a place where an army from Anhilwara passed through in 990 en route to attack the ruler of Lata . Suryapur may also be the port called "Surabaya" mentioned by
6916-468: The slum population of Surat. In order to combat the spread of this disease, Surat closed its schools, universities, and public places for an indefinite period. They also ordered the shutdown of important industrial businesses, including diamond-cutting units. Eventually, antibiotics were given out and the plague was controlled. Prior to the major plague outbreak, Surat Municipal Corporation was suspended in 1993, leaving no major elected body in charge. During
7007-615: The sponsors of City2Surf , Australian Running Festival, Berlin Marathon , Chicago Marathon , and Boston Marathon . In India, it is the title sponsor of World 10K held in Bangalore every year. TCS has been a sponsor of the Indian Premier League team Rajasthan Royals since 2009. It also provides the team with technology to help in the analysis of player performance, simulation, and use of RFID tags for tracking
7098-403: The title of the cleanest city in India with Indore in the 2023 Swachh Survekshan Awards , highlighting its ongoing efforts towards maintaining high cleanliness standards. The traditional account is that Surat was built up by a wealthy Hindu merchant named Gopi around the year 1500. At first, the town had no name and was simply called "the new place". Gopi consulted with astrologers, who suggested
7189-567: The west. The climate is tropical and monsoon rainfall is abundant. According to the Bureau of Indian Standards , the town falls under seismic zone-III , in a scale of I to V (in order of increasing vulnerability to earthquakes). Surat has a tropical savanna climate ( Köppen : Aw), moderated strongly by the Sea to the Gulf of Camboy. The summer begins in early March and lasts until June. April and May are
7280-414: The world's most valuable IT company with a market capitalization of over $ 144 billion. On 25 January 2021, TCS briefly reclaimed the title of the world's most valuable IT company from Accenture with a market cap of $ 170 billion. On the same day, TCS also became India's most valuable company, surpassing Reliance Industries . In May 2021, TCS, in collaboration with its consortium partner Neurotechnology ,
7371-469: The world. By 1520, the name of the city had become Surat. It was burned by the Portuguese (1512 and 1530), conquered by the Mughals (1573) and was twice raided by the Maratha king Shivaji (17th century). Mughal Emperor Akbar placed major importance on Gujarat and successfully obtained numerous towns in Gujarat. The Mughals were able to conquer Surat due to his campaigns against Gujarat during his rule. In
7462-556: Was also a large portion of Surat’s shipping success. But despite being a primary port for textiles, Surat rarely manufactured these textiles locally. Bullion was also quite important to Surat’s economy during this time. During his first-hand experience on a trip to Surat, Britisher John Ovington recalls the great ores Surat possessed, such as gold and silver. He recollects the notable “abundance of Pearls” and other precious stones like diamonds that could “be purchas’d here [Surat] at very reasonable rates.” As Ovington observed, this industry
7553-671: Was amended in January and December 2015. In April 2016, a US jury imposed a US$ 940 million fine on TCS and Tata America International Corp in the trade secret case, which was reduced to US$ 420 million in 2017. In 2020, an appeals court ruled that the US$ 280 million in punitive damages was "constitutionally excessive", but upheld the remaining portion of US$ 140 million in compensatory damages. The case concluded in November 2023, with TCS agreeing to pay US$ 125 million. In 2019, an employee filed
7644-627: Was appointed governor of Gujarat in 1391, he appointed his son Masti Khan to govern Rander and Surat, but Bakshi Mian adds that Surat was not very populous at this point. As control from the Delhi Sultanate waned at the end of the 14th century, pressure grew for an independent Gujarat, culminating in Zafar Khan declaring independence in 1407. Surat was controlled directly by the nobles of the Rajput kingdom of Baglana who fell either under
7735-478: Was filed on behalf of all non-US citizens employed by TCS in California from 14 February 2002 to 30 June 2005. The workers alleged that they were compelled to forfeit their federal and state tax refunds to their employer and that their Indian salaries were wrongfully deducted from their US pay. On 22 February 2013, TCS agreed to settle the class-action suit for $ 30 million. In July 2013, Judge Claudia Wilken of
7826-592: Was gradually conquered by Allauddin Khilji , the ruler of the principal state in north India at the time, the Delhi Sultanate . The Delhi Sultanate appointed Governors to control Gujarat, but this had to be forcefully imposed, notably in 1347, when Muhammad bin Tughluq sacked Surat, among other cities. Firoz Shah Tughlaq later built a fort at Surat in 1373. According to Bakshi Mian's account, when Zafar Khan
7917-708: Was imperative to Surat’s prosperity under the British Raj and allowed it to maintain its relevance as a port city. During the Quit India Movement of Mahatma Gandhi in 1942, A large number of 3,000 Koli cultivators from Matwad, Karadi, Machhad and Kothmadi in Surat District fought against British soldiers at Matwad with lathis and dharias on 21 August 1942. In this fight, four persons including one policeman died. The kolis also snatched away four police muskets and two bayonets. Kolis smashed up
8008-455: Was looted twice by the Maratha king Shivaji , with the first sacking occurring in 1664. Shivaji's raids scared trade away and caused ruin to the city. Later, Surat became the emporium of India, exporting gold and cloth. Its major industries were shipbuilding and textile manufacture. The coast of the Tapti River , from Athwalines to Dumas, was specially meant for shipbuilders, who were usually Rassis. The city continued to be prosperous until
8099-476: Was organised by Ex- Microsoft Student Partner Samarth Zankharia. In May 2015, Tech giant IBM has chosen Surat among 16 global locations for its smart cities program to help them address challenges like waste management, disaster management and citizen services. Under the program, IBM will send a team of experts to each of the chosen cities where they will spend three weeks working closely with city staff analysing data about critical issues faced by its local bodies;
8190-671: Was selected by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) to provide biometric technology for the Aadhaar digital ID program. The Aadhaar program, which has a database of over 1.3 billion citizens, has been described by World Bank Chief Economist Paul Romer as the "most sophisticated ID program in the world." In October 2021, N. Ganapathy Subramaniam, the COO of TCS, announced that its platforms and products business, including its SaaS -based platforms,
8281-417: Was under Tapti river waters, killing more than 120 people, stranding tens of thousands in their homes without food or electricity and closing businesses and schools for weeks. The city is expected to experience more flooding and extreme weather as climate change becomes worse , so has invested in flood protection and climate resilience infrastructure. A resident of Surat is called Surati . According to
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