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93-453: Since 2005, the award has been given out annually to a city or major jurisdiction that has implemented innovative transportation strategies, especially in several different areas of sustainable transportation. The award rewards cities for improving mobility for residents, reducing transportation greenhouse gas and air pollution emissions, and improving safety and access for bicyclists and pedestrians.The STA shows international interest in cities at

186-518: A busway or transitway , is a trolleybus , electric bus and public transport bus service system designed to have much more capacity , reliability , and other quality features than a conventional bus system. Typically, a BRT system includes roadways that are dedicated to buses , and gives priority to buses at intersections where buses may interact with other traffic; alongside design features to reduce delays caused by passengers boarding or leaving buses, or paying fares . BRT aims to combine

279-621: A "BHLS" (stands for Bus with a High Level of Service ). The term transitway was originated in 1981 with the opening of the OC Transpo transitway in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada. Critics have charged that the term "bus rapid transit" has sometimes been misapplied to systems that lack most or all the essential features which differentiate it from conventional bus services. The term " bus rapid transit creep " has been used to describe severely degraded levels of bus service which fall far short of

372-611: A BRT system to 35,000 passengers per hour. The single-lane roads of Istanbul Metrobus had been frequently blocked by Phileas buses breaking down, causing delays for all the buses in a single direction. After focusing on Mercedes-Benz buses, capacity increased to 45,000 pph. Light rail, by comparison, has reported passenger capacities between 3,500 pph (mainly street running) to 19,000 pph (fully grade-separated ). TransJakarta Transjakarta (stylised as transjakarta , often erroneously called Busway , sometimes shortened as TJ and branded as TiJe ) or Jakarta BRT

465-472: A Transjakarta shelter include fans, top-up vending machines (although some older and smaller shelters lack this), and wayfinding boards showing which bus stops at which gate. All stations are also equipped with passenger information system (PIS) displays for each platform direction showing estimated time of arrival and number of upcoming and arriving buses, although its accuracy is questionable as it does not account traffic jams. Some shelters have two stories, with

558-508: A Transjakarta ticket since its opening has been a flat rate of Rp 2.000,- at concessional times (05.00 a.m. to 07.00 a.m.) and Rp 3.500,- (about 24 US cents) each trip at all other times. The fare applies to all BRT and Non-BRT services, except Royaltrans, Mikrotrans, and city travel (Bus Wisata) services. Royaltrans costs Rp20.000,- each trip (or Rp35.000,- for some routes), while Mikrotrans and Bus Wisata are free to ride, although Mikrotrans still requires its passengers to tap in and out. One trip

651-481: A driver's door on the front-left side of the bus for big buses and a pair of hydraulic folding doors for medium buses. Transjakarta buses have electronic boards and speakers that announce the name of shelters in Indonesian and English, bi-directional radio transceivers for communication between drivers and control centers, at least four mandatory CCTV cameras per bus, and automatic air freshener dispensers to keep

744-428: A low-noise, low-emissions "hush mode" (in which the diesel engine operates but does not exceed idle speed ) when underground. The need to provide electric power in underground environments brings the capital and maintenance costs of such routes closer to those of light rail, and raises the question of building or eventually converting to light rail. In Seattle, the downtown transit tunnel was retrofitted for conversion to

837-443: A more sustainable and livable city. The Sustainable Transport Award looks for cities working in several of the following policy areas: To be eligible for an STA, cities must have made significant progress in the past year in addressing sustainable transit. Awards are presented for projects implemented in the previous year rather than for planned activities or simply beginning construction. Cities must be nominated to be considered for

930-739: A partition segregates the driver from passengers to enable the former to focus more intently on operating the vehicle. The capacity of each bus varies from 85, 100 to 120 passengers. Single Mercedes-Benz and Hino buses can carry about 85 passengers. Scania , Mercedes-Benz and Volvo Maxi buses can carry 100 passengers, and 120 can be carried by a standard articulated bus. Transjakarta operates some Chinese-made Zhongtong and Swedish-made Scania articulated buses on long corridors and those passing mostly straight roads in mix with non-articulated buses. Articulated buses may also be used for some high-demand cross-corridor BRT routes. Passengers can only board Transjakarta's BRT buses from designated shelters due to

1023-550: A record in 2018 when it carried 730,000 passengers per day, a significant jump from 331,000 per day in 2015. About 189.8 million passengers used Transjakarta in 2018 and targeted to serve one million passengers daily. In November 2020, Transjakarta won the 2021 Sustainable Transport Award . As of September 2019, Transjakarta is currently testing electric buses , with Bundaran Senayan – Monas as its first route. Transjakarta has undertaken an ambitious plan to expand its electric bus (e-bus) fleet to 10,000 units over

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1116-682: A report from the Indonesian Consumers Protection Foundation in 2011, the most common complaint from passengers about the service offered by Transjakarta was the long wait times for buses at some of the main shelters. This issue rearises during revitalisation project and closure of Harmoni in 2022, with customers complaining that Monumen Nasional as a transit point has not enough doors to serve many routes and shelters double-dutying as an alternative to revitalised ones are too small. The large Harmoni Central Busway (HCB) shelter on Jalan Gadjah Mada, Central Jakarta,

1209-449: A result, less forced ventilation will be required in tunnels to achieve the same air quality. Another alternative is to use electric propulsion, which Seattle 's Metro Bus Tunnel and Boston 's Silver Line Phase II implemented. In Seattle, dual-mode (electric/diesel electric) buses manufactured by Breda were used until 2004, with the center axle driven by electric motors obtaining power from trolley wires through trolley poles in

1302-506: A road crossing. Similarly, the Blok M stop provides stair access to the nearby Blok M Mall. Accessing the shelter requires passengers to tap an electronic payment card (known as tap in), which they have to do again to exit the arrival shelter (known as tap out). Older Transjakarta shelters are primarily constructed using aluminium, steel, glass, and concrete materials. The walls are made of aluminium and glass covers, with tread plates constructing

1395-455: A shared hybrid-bus and light-rail facility in preparation for Seattle's Central Link Light Rail line, which opened in July 2009. In March 2019, expansion of the light rail in the tunnel moved busses back to surface streets. Bi-articulated battery electric buses cause no problems in tunnels anymore but provide BRT capacity. A BRT system can be measured by a number of factors. The BRT Standard

1488-419: A static map, featuring services like trip planning, live arrival and departure times, up-to-date line schedules, local station maps, service alerts, and advisories that may affect one's current trip. Transit and Moovit are examples of apps that are available in many cities around the world. Some operators of bus rapid transit systems have developed their own apps, like Transmilenio. These apps even include all

1581-722: A ticket in the Jabodetabek Commuter Train system as of June 2014, easing the integration plan between the BRT and the commuter train system. In April and May 2014, the Transjakarta management started compulsory use of e-tickets at several terminus in the system, based on news that the BCA Flazz Card could also be used in Jabodetabek Commuter Train . In mid-October 2014, 56% passengers have used e-tickets. Now, all Transjakarta corridors and shelters applied

1674-431: A total daily ridership), in the developing world this capacity constraint (or rumor of a capacity constraint) was a significant argument in favor of heavy rail metro investments in some venues. When TransMilenio opened in 2000, it changed the paradigm by giving buses a passing lane at each station stop and introducing express services within the BRT infrastructure. These innovations increased the maximum achieved capacity of

1767-457: A transit point and as such they only serve Corridor 1. This results in notable changes to routes previously stopping and terminating at Harmoni, with affected corridors and routes, notably Corridor 2, 3, and 8 being rerouted and Monumen Nasional being the new temporary transit point. Some cross-corridor routes deemed no longer needed, such as 8A and 12M, were also scrapped or became limitedly operational. In December 2023, Transjakarta announced that

1860-702: Is (a mix of diesel and biodiesel ). For Corridors   2 (bus colours: blue and white) and   3 (bus colours: yellow and red), the buses are CNG -fueled Daewoo buses imported from South Korea. Corridors 4, 5 and   6 used Grey Daewoo and Hyundai CNG buses, with Komodo and Huanghai articulated buses dedicated for Corridor   5. Grey Hino CNG buses are used for Corridors   7 and 8. Corridors   9 and   10 used Red coloured Hyundai and Komodo articulated buses, whilst Corridor 11 uses red Inobus articulated buses. Corridor 12 used to use red coloured Ankai and Inobus buses as well. Due to various coach builders being involved and design tweaks applied over time,

1953-576: Is Bundaran HI shelter, which has ASTRA branding (referred to in service as Bundaran HI ASTRA) as part of naming right afforded to Astra International . Other reasons cited was to rename some shelters to match name of areas surrounding them or integrated railway stations, such as those in Kuningan and Cawang with their integrated LRT Jabodebek stations. In 2024, the second naming right was afforded to municipally-owned Bank DKI for Gelora Bung Karno shelter, being rebranded as "Senayan BANK DKI". The cost of

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2046-530: Is a bus rapid transit (BRT) system in Jakarta , Indonesia . The first BRT system in Southeast Asia, it commenced operations on 15 January 2004 to provide a fast public transport system to help reduce rush hour traffic. The system is considered as the first revolutionary public transit mode in the capital city of Indonesia. The buses run in dedicated lanes ( busways ), and ticket prices are subsidised by

2139-586: Is a risk of a dangerous gap between bus and platform , and is even greater due to the nature of bus operations. Kassel curbs or other methods may be used to ease quick and safe alignment of the BRT vehicle with a platform. A popular compromise is low-floor buses with a low step at the door, which can allow easy boarding at low-platform stops compatible with other buses. This intermediate design may be used with some low- or medium-capacity BRT systems. The MIO system in Santiago de Cali, Colombia, pioneered in 2009

2232-859: Is also shared with Corridor 13's branches, consisting of 13B and L13E, alongside Route 6V. Other than the 14 main BRT corridors, Transjakarta operates 17 direct cross-corridor BRT routes, 57 feeder (Non-BRT) routes split into two categories: partially integrated (stops at a mix of BRT shelters and pedestrian bus stops) and fully disintegrated (stops at just pedestrian bus stops with no BRT integration), alongside 11 suburban routes to satellite cities, 14 routes serving low-cost apartments, 96 micro bus routes branded as Mikrotrans, 4 Bus Wisata (city travel) routes, and 11 Royaltrans routes. Non-BRT and suburban routes fully disintegrated from BRT system usually run Metrotrans-branded buses, while those partially integrated into BRT carries Minitrans branding for smaller buses or generic Transjakarta branding for standard BRT buses. Each bus

2325-628: Is built over the Ciliwung River. It is a transit point between Corridors 1, 2, 3, 5C, 5H, 7F, 8, 8A, 9B and 10H. This 500-person shelter has 18 bus bays. Although many trees had to be chopped down during its construction, an old banyan tree was an exception because it was considered rich in historical value. However, in October 2006 this tree was vandalised by people from the Pemuda Persatuan Islam religious group. Their motive

2418-403: Is considered a period from one tap-in to one tap-out. Passengers who wish to change direction or transit to other corridors do not need to pay again, provided they do not exit the paid area and complete the whole journey in one trip. Based on the definition of "one trip", this rule applies with some terms: Up to 2015, passengers could purchase a single-journey paper ticket at the ticket booth in

2511-414: Is constructed with passenger safety in mind. For example, the body frame is constructed using Galvanyl (Zn–Fe Alloy), a strong and rust-resistant metal. There are also eight or ten glass-shattering hammers mounted on some of the window frames, and three emergency doors for fast evacuation during an emergency. There are also two fire extinguishers at the front and back of the buses. A typical Transjakarta bus

2604-516: Is done at the BRT shelter, while the other tap is done on the bus, unless both boarding and alighting are done each at a BRT shelter. Passengers can easily transfer between BRT and integrated Non-BRT routes at a BRT shelter without tapping again. The most common criticism is the variance of fare-deducting mechanism due to some TOB machines deducting fare at tap in while others and all BRT shelters deduct fare at tap out, sometimes causing double-deducting error, which although has been mostly mitigated and now

2697-585: Is less complex than rail maintenance. Moreover, buses are more flexible than rail vehicles, because a bus route can be altered, either temporarily or permanently, to meet changing demand or contend with adverse road conditions with comparatively little investment of resources. The first use of a protected busway was the East Side Trolley Tunnel in Providence , Rhode Island . It was converted from trolley to bus use in 1948. However,

2790-523: Is operated by various companies aside of the company itself. Transjakarta was conceived to provide a fast, comfortable, and affordable mass transportation system. The proposal for a BRT system in Jakarta was emerged in 2001. Governor of Jakarta at the time, Sutiyoso proposed four mass public transportation modes in Jakarta: The MRT have larger passenger capacity and short travel time than

2883-438: Is painted with blue and white livery with the Transjakarta logo. Transjakarta buses was previously mandated to use compressed natural gas (CNG) and prohibited from using diesel fuel, but regulations have since been revised to permit diesel-powered buses once again due to efficiency issues and a shortage of CNG refueling stations. To facilitate passenger ingress and egress , buses are outfitted with two doors on either side, while

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2976-415: Is to install four cameras on each bus gradually in efforts to improve services such as to inform passengers waiting for buses about how crowded approaching buses are, and to prevent sexual harassment . Note: Bold text indicates current operators Reference: Transjakarta shelters (officially mentioned as a BRT station or BRT shelter) are distinguished from typical bus stops as they are often located in

3069-459: Is today over 18.5 miles long. The OC Transpo BRT system in Ottawa , Canada, was introduced in 1983. The first element of its BRT system was dedicated bus lanes through the city centre, with platformed stops. The introduction of exclusive separate busways (termed 'Transitway') occurred in 1983. By 1996, all of the originally envisioned 31 km Transitway system was in operation; further expansions were opened in 2009, 2011, and 2014. As of 2019,

3162-578: Is very rare, still sometimes occurs. On 13 October 2021, KAI Commuter starts trialling its Multi Trip Card as a payment card for MRT Jakarta, Transjakarta and LRT Jakarta, as part of efforts integrating Jakarta's public transportation ticketing. However, the Multi Trip Card only works at a BRT shelter and cannot be used with TOB machines on Non-BRT buses. In 2017, Transjakarta started allowing its buses to be tracked in Trafi app. Passengers could see

3255-570: The BRT Standard promoted by the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP) and other organizations. Compared to other common transit modes such as light rail transit (LRT), bus rapid transit (BRT) service is attractive to transit authorities because it does not cost as much to establish and operate: no track needs to be laid, bus drivers typically require less training and less pay than rail operators, and bus maintenance

3348-549: The Indonesian National Armed Forces and the Police . In the early days of feeder (Non-BRT) routes, passengers could pay cash to the bus conductor or use a prepaid card issued by a specific bank. This varied depending on the route (ex: Route 6H mainly accepted BCA Flazz cards only, Route 3E mainly accepted BNI Tapcash cards only), and was criticised for being highly unreliable. The card-reading device

3441-624: The Indonesian capital city . Bus rapid transit is a mode of mass rapid transit (MRT) and describes a high-capacity urban public-transit system with its own right of way , vehicles at short headways , platform-level boarding, and preticketing. The expression "BRT" is mainly used in the Americas and China; in India, it is called "BRTS" (BRT System); in Europe it is often called a "busway" or

3534-407: The Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP), World Resources Institute , World Bank , GIZ , Asian Development Bank , Clean Air Asia, ICLEI , and Despacio. The committee looks for projects completed in the previous year that demonstrate innovation and success in improving sustainable transportation. Bus rapid transit Bus rapid transit ( BRT ), also referred to as

3627-937: The MIO in Cali since November 2008, Metrolinea in Bucaramanga since December 2009, Megabús in Pereira since May 2009. This design is also used in Johannesburg 's Rea Vaya . The term "station" is more flexibly applied in North America and ranges from enclosed waiting areas ( Ottawa and Cleveland ) to large open-sided shelters ( Los Angeles and San Bernardino ). A unique and distinctive identity can contribute to BRT's attractiveness as an alternative to driving cars, (such as Viva, Max, TransMilenio, Metropolitano, Metronit, Select) marking stops and stations as well as

3720-730: The "e-tickets". In October 2016, the system had been implemented in all corridors of Transjakarta. Starting on 24 August 2015 students who have the Jakarta Smart Card ( Kartu Jakarta Pintar , KJP) can use it as an e-ticket for a free bus ride. The TJ Card, introduced in January 2018, provides free fares for their holders and is available for seniors above 60, residents of the Thousand Islands Regency , disabled persons, low-income households, teachers, mosquito controllers and mosque caretakers in addition to members of

3813-435: The 15,000 to 25,000 range. Research of the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP) shows a capacity ranking of MRT modes, based on reported performance of 14 light rail systems, 14 heavy rail systems (just 1-track + 3 2-track-systems "highest capacity") and 56 BRT systems. The study concludes, that BRT-"capacity on TransMilenio exceeds all but the highest capacity heavy rail systems, and it far exceeds

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3906-865: The BRT system. Although free of charge, Mikrotrans still requires its passengers to tap in when boarding and tap out when alighting, but Bus Wisata does not. In order to promote gender equality, Transjakarta is aiming to recruit more female drivers, targeting 30% of the total. As of 21 April 2016, Transjakarta introduced female-only buses for Corridor 1, which are operated by female drivers and onboard officers and painted pink to differentiate them from regular buses. Some routes also offer disabled-friendly buses, with plans to acquire an additional 300 such buses by 2017 to serve 15-20 routes. TJ 469-TJ 482 MYS 18111-MYS 18150 MYS 19203-MYS 19223 MYS 23364-MYS 23385 BMP 220252-BMP 220300 Reference: Note :Transjakarta stated that it will not buy any electric buses. Instead, electric buses will be operated by operators under

3999-539: The Corridor 1's road are temporarily closed and replaced by temporary stations to provide the room for the Phase 2 of MRT Jakarta project, including the largest transit point of the network, Harmoni Central Busway station. These temporary stations are small and some of them are made of two separate buildings for opposing directions that require passengers to tap and pay again to cross between, making them unsuitable to be

4092-495: The Rupiah-per-kilometer scheme. Currently all electric bus models listed is either under trial or is to commence trial in the near future. The Mercedes-Benz OH and Hino RG air-conditioned buses operated in Corridor   1 are painted red and yellow, with a picture of a young brahminy kite , which looks similar to a bald eagle grasping a tree branch with three salaks on it. The buses use special fuel which

4185-496: The TOB installed on it and make use of TOB for all payment. As of 2024, all Non-BRT routes already use the TOB system for all buses. Passengers boarding Non-BRT buses require to tap in when boarding and tap out when alighting, both of which on the bus. For Non-BRT routes that are partially integrated into the BRT system, if the passenger boards from or alights at a BRT shelter, tap in (if boarding from BRT) or tap out (if alighting at BRT)

4278-661: The United States, BRT began in 1977, with Pittsburgh's South Busway , operating on 4.3 miles (6.9 km) of exclusive lanes. Its success led to the Martin Luther King Jr. East Busway in 1983, a fuller BRT deployment including a dedicated busway of 9.1 miles (14.6 km), traffic signal preemption , and peak service headway as low as two minutes. After the opening of the West Busway , 5.1 miles (8.2 km) in length in 2000, Pittsburgh's Busway system

4371-454: The air fresh during rush hours. The announcer system, officially mentioned as On-Board-Unit (OBU), is synced to the bus position on GPS and is automatically triggered by checkpoints along the bus route. Transjakarta offers Royaltrans as a premium service, which provides passengers with premium seating, extra comfort, free Wi-Fi, USB charging ports, an onboard entertainment TV, and no standing allowed (the bus does not take new passengers when all

4464-567: The award. Nominations can come from government agencies, including the Mayor's office, NGOs, consultants, academics, or anyone else with a close working knowledge of the city's projects. Applicants are asked to provide program details, impact, significance, outcomes, transferability, and images. Final selection of the award recipient and honorable mentions is conducted by a steering committee, composed of experts and organizations working internationally on sustainable transportation. The committee includes

4557-413: The building they are part of. Newer shelters may also feature platform screen doors to ensure passenger safety, although its opening and closing aren't synced to the bus doors but rather whether it detects the bus in front of it. Some of the elevated bridge ramps connecting the shelters have gentle slopes to accommodate disabled passengers, although some require passengers to walk a relatively long way up

4650-593: The bus stops on its line, regardless of whether there is a passenger or not waiting there. Initially, shelters are open from 05:00   am to 10:00   pm although opening hours can be extended if there are passengers still waiting at closing time. Since midnight bus services are launched, a number of shelters start to operate 24 hours a day. Currently all the shelters (except Corridor 13's Ciledug, which still closes at 10:00 pm) serves round-the-clock. Shelters often become extremely overcrowded because of long and sometimes unpredictable intervals between buses. According to

4743-419: The buses. Large cities usually have big bus networks. A map showing all bus lines might be incomprehensible, and cause people to wait for low-frequency buses that may not even be running at the time they are needed. By identifying the main bus lines having high-frequency service, with a special brand and separate maps, it is easier to understand the entire network. Public transit apps are more convenient than

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4836-786: The capacity and speed of a light rail transit (LRT) or mass rapid transit (MRT) system with the flexibility, lower cost and simplicity of a bus system. The world's first BRT system was the Runcorn Busway in Runcorn New Town, England, which entered service in 1971. As of March 2018 , a total of 166 cities in six continents have implemented BRT systems, accounting for 4,906 km (3,048 mi) of BRT lanes and about 32.2 million passengers every day. The majority of these are in Latin America , where about 19.6 million passengers ride daily, and which has

4929-601: The center of major arterial roads, in 1980 the Curitiba system added a feeder bus network and inter-zone connections, and in 1992 introduced off-board fare collection, enclosed stations, and platform-level boarding. Other systems made further innovations, including platooning (three buses entering and leaving bus stops and traffic signals at once) in Porto Alegre , and passing lanes and express service in São Paulo . In

5022-605: The central part of the Transitway has been converted to light rail transit , due to the downtown section being operated beyond its designed capacity. In 1995, Quito , Ecuador, opened MetrobusQ its first BRT trolleybuses in Quito , using articulated trolleybuses. The TransMilenio in Bogotá , Colombia, opening in 2000, was the first BRT system to combine the best elements of Curitiba's BRT with other BRT advances, and achieved

5115-441: The company was renaming many of its BRT shelters. The changes were revealed and took place in January 2024, affecting every main corridor and 121 shelters. The reason cited by the company was due to neutralise shelter names from commercial and copyrighted names owned by third parties and to allow the commercialisation of shelter names through naming rights procedure, similar to that of MRT Jakarta and its stations. One such example

5208-419: The compulsory use of the e-tickets , since 21 February 2015. 17 August 2016 marks the start of tap-out system trial in Corridor   1 (Blok M – Kota), while a similar trial was started on 9   September 2016 in Corridor   2. The system is meant to control the flow of people going in and out of the shelters, discourage illegal entrance to and exit from the shelters, and to encourage sales and usage of

5301-584: The concept while sketching on the back of an envelope. The town was designed around the transport system, with most residents no more than five minutes walking distance, or 500 yards (460 m), from the Busway. The second BRT system in the world was the Rede Integrada de Transporte (RIT, integrated transportation network ), implemented in Curitiba , Brazil, in 1974. The Rede Integrada de Transporte

5394-482: The decade and to have all of its buses electric-powered by 2030. The characteristics of Transjakarta listed in an Asian Development Bank study are: 15 corridors were initially planned, 14 of which are currently operational. Corridors 1 to 12 and Corridor 14 operates at a ground level, mostly separated from mixed traffic by roadblocks. Corridor 13 is the first and only corridor to feature a dedicated elevated track exclusively available for Transjakarta buses. The track

5487-412: The exterior and interior appearance, quality, and comfort varies between buses operating in the same corridor. Seats in old buses face the aisle to optimise passengers' movement during rush hours. Older buses were equipped with folding or hydraulic sliding doors, while newer units were equipped with swing doors. In August 2011, Transjakarta operator installed cameras on one bus for a trial period. The plan

5580-593: The first BRT system in the world was the Runcorn Busway in Runcorn , England. First conceived in the Runcorn New Town Masterplan in 1966, it opened for services in October 1971 and all 22 kilometres (14 mi) were operational by 1980. The central station is at Runcorn Shopping City where buses arrive on dedicated raised busways to two enclosed stations. Arthur Ling , Runcorn Development Corporation's Master Planner, said that he had invented

5673-415: The floors. To ensure proper air ventilation, fins are installed on the aluminium parts of the shelters. The concrete makes up for the supporting pillars of the shelters, which are usually painted blue. However, newer shelters built since the revitalisation project in 2022 ditch the glass and aluminium and instead have concrete-constructed walls whose height is only half of a typical human with no walls covering

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5766-442: The following features: Bus-only lanes make for faster travel and ensure that buses are not delayed by mixed traffic congestion . A median alignment bus-only keeps buses away from busy curb-side side conflicts, where cars and trucks are parking, standing and turning. Separate rights of way may be used such as the completely elevated Xiamen BRT . Transit malls or 'bus streets' may also be created in city centers. Fare prepayment at

5859-624: The forefront of transportation policy. By highlighting successfully completed programs and emphasizing transferability, the award helps disseminate new ideas and best practices while encouraging cities worldwide to improve their own livability. Noteworthy projects include the construction or expansion of BRT or LRT systems, bike shares or bike lanes , attention to low-income access to transportation, reform of parking or zoning regulations, and linking transportation and development practices (TOD) . STAs are awarded to cities that have demonstrated significant progress in using transportation to create

5952-662: The green phase or reducing the red phase in the required direction compared to the normal sequence. Prohibiting turns may be the most important measure for moving buses through intersections. The station platforms for BRT systems should be level with the bus floor for quick and easy boarding, making it fully accessible for wheelchairs, disabled passengers and baby strollers, with minimal delays. High-level platforms for high-floored buses makes it difficult to have stops outside dedicated platforms, or to have conventional buses stop at high-level platforms, so these BRT stops are distinct from street-level bus stops. Similar to rail vehicles, there

6045-436: The higher passenger doors (about a meter and half from the ground) equipped with automated swing and slide mechanisms, which are controlled by the driver; however, the slide mechanism has been replaced by swing doors on all new buses, and full-height acrylic glass barriers are installed near the sliding doors, while low street-level doors are used for fully-disintegrated Non-BRT routes (that only stops at pedestrian bus stops) with

6138-530: The highest capacity and highest speed BRT system in the world. In January 2004 the first BRT in Southeast Asia, TransJakarta , opened in Jakarta , Indonesia. As of 2015 , at 210 kilometres (130 mi), it is the longest BRT system in the world. Africa's first BRT system was opened in Lagos , Nigeria, in March 2008 but is considered a light BRT system by many people. Johannesburg , South Africa, BRT Rea Vaya ,

6231-450: The highest light rail system." Performance data of 84 systems show More topical are these BRT data After the first BRT system opened in 1971, cities were slow to adopt BRT because they believed that the capacity of BRT was limited to about 12,000 passengers per hour traveling in a given direction during peak demand. While this is a capacity rarely needed in the US (12,000 is more typical as

6324-553: The middle of the road and require passengers to access them via elevated bridges, although some shelters lack this and are only accessed by pelican road crossing. Some of the shelters are equipped with escalators or lifts, and are designed to be seamlessly integrated into nearby buildings or integrated train stations. For instance, the Tosari ICBC stop used to be directly connected to the UOB Plaza, but has since been replaced with

6417-479: The most cities with BRT systems, with 54, led by Brazil with 21 cities. The Latin American countries with the most daily ridership are Brazil (10.7 million), Colombia (3.0 million), and Mexico (2.5 million). In the other regions, China (4.3 million) and Iran (2.1 million) stand out. Currently, TransJakarta is the largest BRT network in the world, with about 251.2 kilometres (156.1 mi) of corridors connecting

6510-588: The ones partially integrated into the BRT system, are also served by standard BRT buses and a smaller version called Minitrans, although passengers can only board or alight at pedestrian bus stops through the front door near the driver, with elevated BRT doors for passengers at BRT shelters. Transjakarta operates two free-of-charge services called Mikrotrans, consisting of microbuses operated by various microbus cooperations, and Bus Wisata (intercity travel bus) consisting of double-decker buses circling around significant roads in Jakarta. Both services are not integrated into

6603-513: The other proposals, but it required large foreign investments. At the time, Indonesia lost its investor confidence due to concerns regarding to unstable domestic situations in the early 2000s, so the MRT construction was unable to be realized yet. Among those four, the bus rapid transit was considered the most likely to be realized in short time because it doesn't require foreign investments. The Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP)

6696-449: The pedestrians and do not take passengers anywhere they stand. Designated pedestrian bus stops vary greatly in form from a building with canopy or roof to just a "STOP" sign with bus icon. Exception applies to CSW 2 bus stop, part of CSW-ASEAN TOD, which is designed to resemble a BRT station except with street-level platform screen doors, allowing for easy transfer into BRT or another Non-BRT route. All buses serving these bus stops stop at all

6789-465: The ramps before doubling back to reach the boarding shelters. The floors of the bridges are typically made of tread plates, although some newer ones use concrete. However, noise is a problem for tread plates due to the movement of passengers, and some tread plates may become slippery during the rainy season. Older shelters usually lack sanitary facilities, although newer ones include large and disable-friendly restrooms and praying rooms. Other facilities in

6882-489: The regional government. Transjakarta has the world's longest BRT system (251.2 km in length), which operates about 4,300 buses. Transjakarta aims to have 50 percent of its fleet be electric buses by 2027. By 2030, the aim is for the entire Transjakarta ecosystem to use electric buses. As of November 2023, it serves an average of 1.134 million passengers daily. Transjakarta system is operated by municipally-owned company PT Transportasi Jakarta . However, most of its fleet

6975-877: The right side of the street. Groups of criteria form the BRT Standard 2016, which is updated by the Technical Committee of the BRT Standard. High-capacity vehicles such as articulated or even bi-articulated buses may be used, typically with multiple doors for fast entry and exit. Double-decker buses or guided buses may also be used. Advanced powertrain control may be used for a smoother ride. Bottleneck BRT stations typically provide loading areas for simultaneous boarding and alighting of buses through multiple doors coordinated via displays and loudspeakers. An example of high-quality stations include those used on TransMilenio in Bogotá since December 2000,

7068-775: The schedules and live arrival times and stations for buses that feed the BRT, like the SITP (Sistema Integrado de Transporte Público or Public Transit Integrated System) in Bogotá . A special issue arises in the use of buses in metro transit structures. Since the areas where the demand for an exclusive bus right-of-way are apt to be in dense downtown areas where an above-ground structure may be unacceptable on historic, logistic, or environmental grounds, use of BRT in tunnels may not be avoidable. Since buses are usually powered by internal combustion engines , bus metros raise ventilation issues similar to those of motor vehicle tunnels. Powerful fans typically exchange air through ventilation shafts to

7161-466: The seats are occupied). Payment is made through electronic tapping equipment on board the buses, and the service is not integrated into the main BRT system. Royaltrans is not subsidised by Jakarta Municipal Government as it primarily serves connecting satellite cities. Transjakarta also operates Metrotrans, which uses low entry buses, serves Non-BRT routes without integration to the BRT service, and stops at pedestrian bus stops. Some Non-BRT routes, especially

7254-561: The shelter. In 2013, Transjakarta introduced the use of prepaid cards or e-tickets from BRI BRizzi, BCA Flazz, BNI Tapcash, Mandiri E-Money , Bank DKI JakCard, and Bank Mega MegaCash. The prepaid cards can be purchased and topped-up at any ticket booth in the shelter throughout the system, or the ATM of the issuing bank. The e-ticket is priced at Rp 40,000, Rp 20,000 for the card itself and a balance of Rp 20,000. The prepaid cards, except for Bank DKI JakCard and Bank Mega MegaCash, are also valid as

7347-504: The space all the way to the top, allowing for air to move and circulate freely. The floors are also made of concrete, and all the pillars and covers are coloured creamy white instead of blue. Exception of this design applies to some shelters which are part of a larger building (such as CSW shelter part of its TOD building and Pulo Gebang shelter part of the Pulo Gebang Bus Terminal building), as such their design resembles

7440-492: The station, instead of on board the bus, eliminates the delay caused by passengers paying on board. Fare machines at stations also allow riders to purchase multi-ride stored-value cards and have multiple payment options. Prepayment also allows riders to board at all doors, further speeding up stops. Prohibiting turns for traffic across the bus lane significantly reduces delays to the buses. Bus priority will often be provided at signalized intersections to reduce delays by extending

7533-733: The streets that became part of the busway routes. The first Transjakarta line opened to the public on 15 January 2004. It was free for the first two weeks, after which commercial operations started on 1   February 2004. At present, Transjakarta has 13 primary routes and ten cross-corridor routes . In addition, there are about 200 "feeder" routes that serve beyond the exclusive busway corridors to serve satellite cities in Greater Jakarta . The number of Transjakarta buses has also increased dramatically, from 605 buses in 2015 to 4,300 in 2020. The fare has remained Rp 3,500 (27 US cents) per passenger since operations began. The service set

7626-404: The subway, and with the rear axle driven by a conventional diesel powertrain on freeways and streets. Boston is using a similar approach, after initially using trolleybuses pending delivery of the dual-mode vehicles that was completed in 2005. In 2004, Seattle replaced its "Transit Tunnel" fleet with diesel-electric hybrid buses, which operate similarly to hybrid cars outside the tunnel and in

7719-417: The surface; these are usually as remote as possible from occupied areas, to minimize the effects of noise and concentrated pollution. A straightforward way to reduce air quality problems is to use internal combustion engines with lower emissions. The 2008 Euro V European emission standards set a limit on carbon monoxide from heavy-duty diesel engines of 1.5 g/kWh, one third of the 1992 Euro I standard. As

7812-428: The theoretical maximum throughput measured in passengers per hour per direction (PPHPD) for a single traffic lane is some 150,000 passengers per hour (250 passengers per vehicle, one vehicle every 6 seconds). In real world conditions BRT Rio (de Janeiro, BRS Presidente Vargas) with 65.000 PPHPD holds the record, TransMilenio Bogotá and Metrobus Istanbul perform 49,000 – 45,000 PPHPD, most other busy systems operating in

7905-441: The upper floor being a commercial area and photobooth balcony. The revitalization project is expected to rebuild 45 stations across the city and is due to be finished by mid-2024. The revitalisation includes full reconstruction of the shelters with the new style, such as half-height cream-colored concrete-constructed walls, concrete-made floors, and the inclusion of sanitary facilities. Starting in March 2023, multiple stations along

7998-741: The upper story serving another corridor going through flyover (such as Flyover Jatinegara, a transit point of Corridor 10 and 11) or as a commercial area of food chains and minimarkets (such as Bundaran HI ASTRA, MH Thamrin, Tosari, and Dukuh Atas). Based on the routes they serve, there are three types of Transjakarta shelters. All shelters serve at least one BRT corridor, and may also serve some cross-corridor BRT routes and partially-integrated Non-BRT routes. Other than BRT shelters, Non-BRT routes also stop at regular pedestrian bus stops. All routes stopping at any pedestrian bus stops, be it partially-integrated Non-BRT, fully-disintegrated Non-BRT, Mikrotrans, and Bus Wisata buses only stop at designated bus stops along

8091-499: The use of dual buses, with doors on the left side of the bus that are located at the height of high-level platforms, and doors on the right side that are located at curb height. These buses can use the main line with its exclusive lanes and high level platforms, located on the center of the street and thus, boarding and leaving passengers on the left side. These buses can exit the main line and use normal lanes that share with other vehicles and stop at regular stations located on sidewalks on

8184-734: Was an important party accompanying the BRT planning process. The initial concept was created by PT Pamintori Cipta, a transportation consultant who has frequently worked with the Jakarta Office of Transportation ( Dinas Perhubungan Provinsi DKI Jakarta ). Apart from the private sector, there were several other parties that also supporting this project, including the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and University of Indonesia 's Center for Transportation Studies (UI–CTS). The buses were given lanes restricted to other traffic and separated by concrete blocks on

8277-438: Was developed by the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP) to score BRT corridors, producing a list of rated BRT corridors meeting the minimum definition of BRT. The highest rated systems received a "gold" ranking. The latest edition of the standard was published in 2016. Other metrics used to evaluate BRT performance include: Based on this data, the minimum headway and maximum current vehicle capacities,

8370-503: Was inspired by the previous transport system of the National Urban Transport Company of Peru (In Spanish: ENATRU ), which only had quick access on Lima downtown , but it would not be considered BRT itself. Many of the elements that have become associated with BRT were innovations first suggested by Carlos Ceneviva, within the team of Curitiba Mayor Jaime Lerner . Initially just dedicated bus lanes in

8463-659: Was sometimes unavailable, or different from the usual bank device issued in one route. This method of payment was gradually phased out in favor of the Tap-On-Bus (TOB) system. TOB acts similarly to the E-ticket payment system on shelters. It accepts payment from all prepaid bank-issued cards that are eligible on bus shelters. The only difference is that payment is done on board the Non-BRT bus instead of shelters. In 2019, all buses assigned to Route 1H, 1N, 1R, 4F and 5F already has

8556-669: Was the first true BRT in Africa, in August 2009, carrying 16,000 daily passengers. Rea Vaya and MIO (BRT in Cali , Colombia, opened 2009) were the first two systems to combine full BRT with some services that also operated in mixed traffic, then joined the BRT trunk infrastructure. In 2017 Marrakesh , Morocco, opened its first BRT Marrakesh trolleybus system (BHNS De Marrakesh) trolleybuses Corridors of 8 km (5.0 mi), of which 3 km (1.9 mi) of overhead wiring for operation as trolleybus. BRT systems normally include most of

8649-487: Was to show that the tree does not possess supernatural qualities. On 15 April 2022, revitalization of 11 bus shelters began to improve passenger service, expanding public spaces for tourism, and accelerate integration with other public transportation services. Tosari and Bundaran HI ASTRA shelters are revitalized into an iconic "twin cruise ships that anchored at the Selamat Datang Monument ", with

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