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15-410: PAOC is an acronym for: Pan-African Ornithological Congress Pentecostal Assemblies of Canada Public Affairs Operations Center Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title PAOC . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

30-579: A "Francophone" point of view is still very doubtful, except perhaps for Senegal" (in French « Nous mettons aussi de côté quatre grands pays, le Sénégal, le Gabon, la Cochinchine, le Cambodge dont l’avenir au point de vue « francophone » est encore très douteux sauf peut-être pour le Sénégal »); and then used by geographers. During the Third Republic, the French language progressively gained importance. The Académie française ,

45-484: A French institution created in 1635 in charge of officially determining and unifying the rules and evolutions of the French language, participated in the promotion and the development of the French language. The definition of the Francophone world is distinguished by countries and territories where French is an official language, those where it is the native language of the majority of the population, and those where

60-475: Is official or serves as an administrative or major secondary language, which spans 50 countries and dependencies across all inhabited continents. The vast majority of these are also member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF), a body uniting countries where French is spoken and taught. Francophonie , francophonie and francophone space are syntagmatic . This expression

75-446: Is relevant to countries which speak French as their national language , may it be as a mother language or a secondary language. These expressions are sometimes misunderstood or misused by English speakers. They can be synonymous but most of the time they are complementary. The term francophonie was invented by Onésime Reclus in 1880: "We also put aside four large countries, Senegal, Gabon, Cochinchina and Cambodia, whose future from

90-662: Is the opportunity for free and open discussion of African avian biology, birds and their relations to man, and man’s effects on bird populations." The concept of holding a conference focussing on the African avifauna originated in an invitation by Cecily Niven, then President of the South African Ornithological Society (SAOS, later BirdLife South Africa), to the 11th International Ornithological Congress (IOC), in Basel , Switzerland in 1954, to hold

105-597: Is the whole body of people and organisations around the world who use the French language regularly for private or public purposes. The term was coined by Onésime Reclus in 1880 and became important as part of the conceptual rethinking of cultures and geography in the late 20th century. When used to refer to the French-speaking world , the Francophonie encompasses the countries and territories where French

120-758: The 12th IOC in South Africa . Although the offer was not taken up at the time, it stimulated discussion about holding an independent conference on African birds, leading to the first PAOC in Livingstone, Northern Rhodesia, in 1957. The first three congresses took place in southern Africa under the auspices of the SAOS, with the third (in Kruger National Park) largely organised by the Percy FitzPatrick Institute . Because of

135-892: The Suez Canal and Red Sea; the Cape Verde, Madeira and Canary islands; also isolated Atlantic Oceanic islands nearer Africa than South America, Antarctic islands south of Africa and the African-facing coast of Antarctica, the Seychelles, Comoros, Socotra, Mascarene Islands and Madagascar. All continental shelf islands (e.g. Zanzibar, Fernando Po — now Bioko) are considered areas of interest, as are areas of provenance and intervening routes of migratory birds that visit Africa." Its aims and purposes are, with regard to African birds, to: The constitution also states: "Of vital importance to this scientific and educational organisation

150-488: The adoption of a constitution at PAOC 7 in Nairobi. The first francophone venue was Bujumbura, Burundi, in 1992, and the first North African venue the island of Djerba, Tunisia, in 2004. Subjects covered by the published proceedings show that, from the first to the eleventh congresses the number of papers on bird conservation topics increased considerably. Francophone The Francophonie or Francophone world

165-482: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PAOC&oldid=933039129 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Pan-African Ornithological Congress "...the entire continent from North Africa to the Cape of Good Hope, and east to

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180-510: The language is used as a working language of administration or where the language still has an important cultural impact and prestige. There are 50 countries and territories which fall into this category, although in some countries the Francosphere is limited to certain regions or states. Being merely a member state of the OIF does not automatically make a country or territory "francophone" in

195-566: The political atmosphere pertaining to apartheid in South Africa at the time, no indigenous Africans participated in those meetings. At the 16th IOC in Canberra, Australia, in 1974, several ornithologists suggested that the next PAOC should be held outside southern Africa, in order to give it a truly Pan-African dimension, and to encourage greater participation from other parts of Africa, including by indigenous Africans. Although PAOC 4

210-607: The sense of the language having a major role in its society, be it as a working language or a strong cultural heritage to the French language. This is in part due to the OIF increasingly admitting new members based on loose criteria such as "significant second language learning" of French or parties interested in furthering the organisation's promotion of human rights, democracy, international cooperation, sustainable development, cultural and linguistic diversity, and education and training. Therefore, member states such as Romania , Egypt , and Armenia which have minimal to no connection with

225-464: Was due to be held in Kenya, the political atmosphere meant that many ornithologists from southern Africa would be unable to attend. Consequently, the meeting was moved to the Seychelles, making it the first to be held outside southern Africa, even though it did not take place on the African continent. Subsequent congresses have been held throughout Africa. In 1988 PAOC became a permanent institution with

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