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75-650: PTM may refer to: Parent-teacher meeting , a meeting of parents with teachers to discuss the progress of school students President's Tatrakshak Medal , a military decoration of the Indian Coast Guard Pashtun Tahafuz Movement , a human rights movement in Pakistan for the Pashtun people Polygyny threshold model , a theory explaining polygyny Polynomial texture mapping ,

150-480: A PTA meetings is that the former focus on students' academic progress while the latter organize more extra-curricular activities. Some counties in the US have proposed to consider it a legal violation for parents or guardians who fail to attend at least one parent–teacher conference during the school year. Some charter schools have already made the event a required event for parents to attend. In UK educational system ,

225-513: A bishop . In practice, the bishop assigns a Catholic Education Office (CEO), Catholic Education Commission, Catholic Schools Offices, or a similar body with daily operational responsibility for the leadership, efficient operation, and management of the Catholic systemic schools which educate in parish primary and regional secondary schools in Australia. These diocesan bodies are charged with

300-404: A child's or student's grade. Various methods exist for scheduling parent–teacher conferences. In the simplest case, the meetings are not pre-scheduled at all, parents come to school and line up to see each teacher they want to see. Meetings happen on a first-come basis. Meetings can be scheduled in person, by phone or online. In person scheduling can be done in two ways: The advantage of

375-423: A co-payment for their child's education. As of 2019 across primary and secondary education, approximately two-thirds of all school students attended government schools; with the remaining one-third of students educated in non-government schools. A small portion of students are legally home-schooled , particularly in rural areas. According to the 2022 PISA evaluations, Australian 15-year-olds ranked ninth in

450-452: A contribution fee and a materials and services charge for stationery, textbooks, sports, uniforms, school camps and other schooling costs that are not covered under government funding. In 2010 the additional cost for schooling was estimated to be on average $ 316 per year per child. Government schools may be further categorised into open or comprehensive schools, selective , special , and specialist schools; all defined below. In 2009

525-406: A digital imaging technique Portugal. The Man , an American rock band Post-translational modification , covalent and generally enzymatic modification of proteins following protein biosynthesis by ribosomes Post-transition metal , a grouping of chemical elements Probabilistic Turing machine Pulse-time modulation, an alternative name for Pulse-width modulation Topics referred to by

600-566: A large margin, with 812,000 international students enrolled in the nation's universities and vocational institutions in 2019. However, Australian students placed 16th in the world in reading, 29th in maths and 17th in science in the 2018 PISA study by the OCED . This continues a sharp decline in educational standards. The Education Index , published with the UN 's Human Development Index in 2018, based on data from 2017, listed Australia as 0.929,

675-531: A national Australian Curriculum has been progressively developed and implemented since 2010. Australia is a leading global provider of education to international students, and in 2012 was ranked as the third-largest provider of international education after the United States and the United Kingdom. Australia has the highest ratio of international students per head of population in the world by

750-504: A national student loan scheme , and regulates vocational education providers. 96.3% of gross income for government schools was government funds in 2022, as was 76.4% for Catholic schools and 48.7% for independent schools. Post-compulsory education is regulated within the Australian Qualifications Framework , a unified system of national qualifications in schools, vocational education and training, and

825-419: A physical disability. Class sizes at specialist schools are smaller than at mainstream schools, and there is a much lower ratio of teaching and support staff to students. Some specialist schools also have therapists on staff. Specialist schools generally already have an accessible environment and curriculum for their student population; this may mean that there are limited subjects on offer. A selective school

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900-421: A preschool or kindergarten that delivers quality early childhood education and care. Federal and state legislation now requires preschool services to implement and deliver programming based on the nationally approved Early Years Learning Framework The first exposure many Australian children have to learn with others outside of traditional parenting is daycare or a parent-run playgroup . This sort of activity

975-757: A rural area that provides both primary and lower secondary education to students, usually concluding at Year 10 . As of 2019 there were 62 Australian central schools, and all except one were located in rural New South Wales. In Western Australia, the term district high school is synonymous with central school. Schools are broadly categorised into government and non-government schools. The non-government schools are further categorised into Catholic schools and private schools. As of 2018 , 65.7% of students were enrolled in government schools, 19.7% in catholic schools and 14.6% in private schools. Also called state schools or public schools, government schools educate approximately two-thirds of all school students in Australia. If

1050-651: A school is government or non-government, it is regulated by the same curriculum standards framework. The framework is administered by the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority . Most schools require students to wear prescribed school uniforms . A school year in Australia starts in January and finishes in December. School education in Australia is compulsory between certain ages as specified by state or territory legislation. Depending on

1125-441: A student elects to attend a government school, they are required to attend a school within their local school district unless the student has dispensation to attend another school, usually approved based on academic merit, specialisation, or other reasons, such as a student disability. Government schools are run by the respective state government agency. They offer free education; however, many government schools ask parents to pay

1200-885: A system such as those coordinated by the Catholic Education Commission in each state and territory. All non-government schools in Australia receive funding from the Commonwealth government. The education system delivered by the Roman Catholic Church in Australia has grown from 18th-century foundations to be the second-biggest provider of school-based education in Australia. As of 2018 , one in five Australian students attended Catholic schools. There are over 1,700 Catholic schools in Australia with more than 750,000 students enrolled, employing almost 60,000 teachers. Administrative oversight of Catholic education providers varies depending on

1275-696: A time that suits both parents and teachers with their existing time constraints and finding locations for the meetings. If all meetings would be independent without any dependencies, the planning of the meetings simplifies to unordered timetabling rather than full-scale scheduling where events need to be scheduled in a certain order, often because the output of one event forms an input for another. In most cases, certain dependencies exist: parents prefer not to wait too long between different interviews but need long enough breaks to move from one location to another or locations in close proximity. Also sometimes these conferences can be done online. These conferences talk about

1350-570: A year) for each enrolled child in the year before they commence formal schooling In 2023, 4,086,998 students were enrolled in 9,629 primary, secondary and special schools in Australia. As of 2023, government schools educated 64% of all students, while Catholic schools (19.7%) and independent schools (16.3%) educated the rest. In 2023, there were just under 311,655 full-time equivalent (FTE) teaching staff in Australian primary and secondary schools. The major part of government-run schools' costs

1425-536: A year, at the end of the first quarter and at the end of the third quarter, with each meeting lasting about 15–20 minutes. The parents typically choose the time that is best for them, and the teacher schedules the conference accordingly. The specific practices vary within school districts. In the United States, many elementary schools will shorten the school day by 2–3 hours (often for an entire week) in mid fall to allow extra time for teachers to give these conferences. The difference between parent–teacher conferences and

1500-488: Is 5 years old. However, most children commence the preliminary year of formal schooling, in Pre-Year 1 , between four and a half and five and a half years of age, variously called kindergarten (sometimes called Year K), reception, preparation (also abbreviated as "prep"), transition, or foundation. As of 2010 , the national apparent retention rate (ARR), a measure of student engagement that provides an indicator of

1575-429: Is a government school that enrols students based on some sort of selection criteria, usually academic. The term may have different connotations in different systems and is the opposite of an open or comprehensive school, which accepts all students, regardless of aptitude. In New South Wales, student placement in fully and partially selective high schools is highly competitive, with approximately 3,600 places offered to

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1650-639: Is a school catering for students who have special educational needs due to learning difficulties , physical disabilities , developmental disabilities or social/emotional disturbance, or who are in custody, on remand or in hospital. Special schools may be specifically designed, staffed and resourced to provide appropriate special education for children with additional needs. Students attending special schools generally do not attend any classes in mainstream schools. The schools cater for students with mild, moderate and profound intellectual disabilities, deaf and hard of hearing students, students with Autism and students with

1725-454: Is common, with terms 1 (February–April) and 3 (July–September) being popular times. Many schools offer multiple dates, splitting interviews either by class or by name (e.g. a-k/l-z). There is often keen demand by parents for times with teachers, though a common observation from teachers is that it is the parents who they do not need to see who attend interviews, while parents who should attend often do not. In Canadian educational system ,

1800-458: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Parent-teacher conference Most conferences take place without the presence of the students whose progress is being discussed, although there is evidence that their inclusion increases the productivity of the meetings. The meetings are generally led by teachers who take a more active role in information sharing, with parents relegated mostly to

1875-482: Is made up of the following eight learning areas: English; Mathematics; Science; Humanities and Social Sciences; The Arts; Technologies; Health and Physical Education as well as Languages. In the senior secondary Australian Curriculum, for Year 10 , Year 11 and Year 12 , fifteen senior secondary subjects across English, Mathematics, Science, History and Geography were endorsed between 2012 and 2013. The Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority has mandated

1950-498: Is met by the relevant state or territory government. The Australian Government provides the majority of public funding for non-government schools, which is supplemented by states and territories. Non-government schools, both religious or secular typically charge compulsory tuition and other fees. Government schools provide education without compulsory tuition fees, although many government schools ask for payment of 'voluntary' fees to defray particular expenses. Regardless of whether

2025-496: Is not generally considered schooling, as preschool education is separate from primary school in all states and territories except Western Australia—where pre-school education is taught as part of the primary school system —and Victoria, where the state framework, the Victorian Early Years Learning and Development Framework (VEYLDF) covers children from birth to eight years old, is used by some schools over

2100-465: Is offered for children ages three to five; attendance numbers vary widely between the states, but 85.7% of children attended preschool the year before school. The year before a child is due to attend primary school is the main year for preschool education. This year is far more commonly attended and may take the form of a few hours of activity during weekdays. Most states of Australia now fund government preschools to offer 15 hours per week (600 hours over

2175-607: Is primarily the responsibility of the States and territories ; however, the Australian Government also plays a funding role. Education in Australia is compulsory between the ages of four, five, or six and fifteen, sixteen or seventeen, depending on the state or territory and the date of birth. For primary and secondary education, government schools educate approximately 64 per cent of Australian students, with approximately 36 per cent in non-government schools. At

2250-513: Is provided to the relevant state Catholic Education Commission for needs-based distribution. Sixty-one Australian Catholic schools are non-systemically funded ( independent schools) and receive government grants directly. Private schools are non-government schools that are not operated by government authority and have a system of governance that ensures their independent operation. Such schools are typically operated by an independently elected school council or board of governors and range broadly in

2325-490: Is tasked with maintaining liaison with the federal government and other key national education bodies and complements and supports the work of the state and territory Catholic education commissions. While some Catholic schools operate independently via religious institutes, the majority of Catholic schools, called systemic schools , operate under the Canon Law jurisdiction of an ecclesiastical public juridic person, such as

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2400-427: Is usually due to either parents or teachers electing to continue talking beyond their booked time slot. One factor that naturally reduces this effect is the presence of another parent ready to start the next interview and clearly in view of the teacher. There are several other options that can assist on-time running of events: Parent–teacher conferences have been criticized for their class bias and inefficiency because

2475-752: The Northern Territory Government introduced a three-tier system featuring middle schools for Year 7 to Year 9 (approximate age 12–15) and high school for Year 10 to Year 12 (approximate age 15–18). In Australia, combined schools are schools that have classes from both primary and secondary year levels. These schools may be located in an urban, regional or rural area and can be government or non-government schools. As of 2019 there were approximately 500 Australian combined government schools and approximately 850 Australian combined non-government schools. Central schools are predominantly, but not exclusively, government schools located in

2550-521: The UK and the United States . In the United States, many elementary schools will shorten the school day by 2–3 hours (often for an entire week) in mid fall to allow extra time for teachers to give these conferences. Parent–teacher conferences can be Parent–teacher conferences usually take place once every school term, although some schools organize only one meeting during (mostly at the beginning of)

2625-540: The 15,000 students who sit the Selective High School Test. As of 2019 there were 47 fully or partially selective government high schools, including 17 fully selective high schools (some of which are co-educational and others provide a single-sex educational environment); 25 partially selective high schools (high schools with both selective and comprehensive classes); four selective agricultural high schools ; and one virtual selective high school. Of

2700-481: The 47 schools, 34 are located in greater metropolitan Sydney . Of the government selective high schools in New South Wales, James Ruse Agricultural High School is renowned for its academic achievements and competitiveness, as well as a near-perfect record of all students gaining university admission, especially in medicine, law and science. The school has outperformed every high school in New South Wales in

2775-415: The 9,477 schools in Australia 1,140 schools (12 per cent) are in the private sector. In the same year, private schools enrolled over 617,000 students or 16 per cent of the Australian student population. Private school fees can vary from under $ 100 per month to $ 3,200, depending on the student's year level, the school's size, and the socioeconomics of the school community. In late 2018 it was reported that

2850-837: The OECD for reading and science and tenth for maths. However, less than 60% of Australian students achieved the National Proficiency Standard – 51% in maths, 58% in science and 57% in reading. Also sometimes called infants schools, Australia adopts the UNESCO term of primary school that generally covers a child's education from pre– Year 1 and finishes with Year 6 . The duration of primary school years varies across each Australian state and territory, with most adopting seven years; except in South Australia, where, until 2022, students finish with Year 7 , making

2925-579: The PTCS problem: namely, map class instances to teacher instances, teacher instances to parent instances, time slots to time slots (identity map), and teacher availability to parent availability. So if the PTCS problem were polynomial-time solvable by some algorithm, the transformation described above and the algorithm could be used to solve the CTTA problem too and the CTTA task would be polynomially solvable as well. But CTTA has been earlier proved to be NP-complete by

3000-541: The Western Australia government introduced Independent Public Schools to describe a government school that, while a part of the state education system, was granted a higher degree of decision-making authority than a regular government school. A similar reform was introduced in Queensland and, as of December 2018, 250 government schools commenced as independent public schools in Queensland. In February 2014

3075-593: The achievement standards that describe the quality of learning (including the depth of understanding, the extent of knowledge, and the sophistication of skill) expected of students who have studied the content for each subject. The types of schools in Australia fall broadly into two categories: government schools , being those schools operated by state or territory departments or agencies ; and non-government schools, being those schools that are not operated by government departments or agencies. Non-government schools can be further classified, based on self-identification of

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3150-937: The duration of primary school eight years; until they are 11, 12 or 13 years of age. Primary schools focus on developing essential literacy, numeracy and social skills, and provide foundational knowledge to children about the world around them. Secondary schools in Australia are also called high schools and colleges (or junior, intermediate, or senior colleges). Secondary schools vary across each Australian state and territory, but they generally cover Year 7 to Year 9 (compulsory period of education) and senior secondary schools continue to Year 12 . Progressively, as students move from primary into secondary schools, subject matters becomes increasingly specialised, offering opportunities to students that show preferences in STEM , or in Humanities and Social Sciences, among other interests. In

3225-474: The establishment of the Australian Curriculum that sets the expectations for what all young Australians should be taught, regardless of where they live in Australia or their background. The development of the Australian Curriculum is based on the principles of improving the quality, equity and transparency of Australia's education system. The Australian Curriculum, for pre-Year 1 to Year 9 ,

3300-526: The first is that teachers need not be involved in scheduling, the disadvantages are that a special middleman is required. The method is centralized in the sense that it is directed by neither a parent nor a teacher. The advantage of the second is that parents need not be involved in scheduling, the disadvantages are that teachers need to do the scheduling after their classes are over or during break times that they would otherwise need for rest, prepare for classes or advising students, parents do not know which slots

3375-413: The implementation and management of the policies of the diocese and the allocation and administration of the funds provided by the government and private sources to Catholic systemic schools, as well as the financial responsibilities for the administration of salaries for staff members. Most Catholic schools (96 per cent) are systemically funded, meaning that the government funding they nominally attract

3450-518: The input size whether certain time slot assignment satisfies parent–teacher conference scheduling (PTCS) constraints. Therefore, PTCS ∈ NP. Ignoring constraints that complicate scheduling even further, let's only consider the constraints on parent availability (e.g. assuming that all teachers, rooms and time slots are always available). Then there exists a simple polynomial transformation of the class-teacher assignment problem with teacher availability constraints (CTTA) in school timetable construction to

3525-532: The inter-term holidays and TAFE colleges, and from late February until mid-November for universities with seasonal holidays and breaks for each educational institute. Historically, preschool and pre-prep programs in Australia were relatively unregulated and not compulsory. While still not mandatory for children to attend, the Federal Government has had a focus since 2009 on encouraging families to enrol their children (from around 4 years of age) in

3600-427: The interviews and the children more likely to need extra assistance will not have their parents attend. In India, the meeting is known as parent–teacher meeting or simply PTM. A shortened phrase parents' meeting is also commonly used. In Singapore, the meeting is known as parent–teacher meeting. In US educational system , the meeting is known as parent–teacher conference. The conferences are usually held twice

3675-465: The majority of Australian states and territories, middle schools are relatively uncommon. Students progress from primary school to secondary school. As an alternative to the middle school model, some secondary schools divided their grades into "junior high school" (Years 7, 8 and 9) and "senior high school" (Years 10, 11 and 12). Some have three levels, "junior" (Years 7 and 8), "intermediate" (Years 9 and 10), and "senior" (Years 11 and 12). In June 2006

3750-472: The meeting from home or while working or traveling. The school does not need to reserve rooms for the meetings and there is more flexibility in finding suitable time. The disadvantages of electronic are a lack of face time that many participants are used to and a need for the availability to unfailing technology. Parent–teacher interviews are a tradition in Western school systems, such as Australia , Canada ,

3825-410: The meeting is known as parent–teacher conference or parents' evening . The event is often held in the school hall and adjacent communal spaces where parents move through a series of eight to nine face-to-face 5 minute consultations with individual teachers. Some schools during 2020 and 2021 replaced this with an online version due to COVID-19 . Scheduling parent–teacher conferences involves finding

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3900-686: The meetings are attended mostly by the parents of more privileged children, while the parents of the children who are more likely to need extra assistance do not attend. Education in Australia Education in Australia encompasses the sectors of early childhood education (preschool) and primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (high schools), and finally tertiary education , which includes higher education ( universities and other higher education providers) and vocational education ( registered training organisations ). Regulation and funding of education

3975-458: The meetings are known as parent–teacher interviews. Parent–teacher interviews are mandatory for all Ontario (Canada) elementary and secondary school teachers. Parents have the right to be allotted time for this purpose under the Ministry of Education. Canadian Living criticizes parent–teacher interviews for their class bias . Often only the most privileged children's parents will attend

4050-902: The most expensive private schools (such as the APS Schools , the AGSV Schools in Melbourne , the GPS Schools , QGSSSA Schools in Brisbane and the NSW GPS Schools , Combined Associated Schools and the ISA Schools in Sydney and New South Wales) charge fees of up to $ 500,000 for the thirteen years of private school education. Australian private schools broadly fall into the following categories: A special school

4125-536: The national framework. In Queensland, preschool programs are often called Kindergarten or Pre-Prep and are usually privately run but attract state government funding if run for at least 600 hours a year and delivered by a registered teacher. Preschools are usually run by the state and territory governments, except in Victoria , South Australia and New South Wales where they are more often run by local councils, community groups or private organisations. Preschool

4200-575: The origins, ethos, and purpose of each education provider. Oversight of Catholic systemic schools may rest with a Catholic parish , diocese, or archdiocese ; while religious institutes have oversight of Catholic independent schools. The National Catholic Education Commission (NCEC), established by the Australian Catholic Bishops Conference through the Bishops Commission for Catholic Education,

4275-478: The overall national policy and direction for education in Australia. The following state and territory government departments are responsible for the administration of education within their respective jurisdictions: Schools from the non-government sector operate under the authority of state or territory governments but are not operated by government education departments. Schools from the non-government sector may operate as individual schools, in small groups or as

4350-413: The past 20 years in public university entrance examinations. In Victoria, selective government high schools select all of their students based on an entrance examination. As of 2011, there were four selective schools: Melbourne High School , Mac.Robertson Girls' High School , Nossal High School and Suzanne Cory High School . In addition, there are three special schools namely Victorian College of

4425-441: The phone or via video conferencing systems like Microsoft Teams, Zoom or Google Meet. Face-to-face meetings offer personal contact but require that parents and teachers meet at physically the same place during the meeting. These interviews are usually between five and fifteen minutes long. In case of electronic parent–teacher conferences, neither parents nor teachers need to be at school or other common location and can participate in

4500-967: The reduction from the NP-complete 3-SAT problem, so the PTC scheduling problem cannot be polynomially solvable either, and has to be NP-complete. Optimized scheduling is advantageous only as long as the participants keep to the schedule by attending the meetings and starting and finishing on time. The latter can be achieved by a school bell or electronic voice-over message played over the school PA system, at each change of interview time (E.g. " Please move to your next interview "), avoiding to schedule very short interview times that are harder to keep running on time, scheduling empty slots at intervals to assist in bringing events back onto time if they are running over. General time management techniques apply. Parents sometimes complain that schedules are not running on time, causing them to miss interviews, or be cut short. This

4575-409: The role of listeners. Parent–teacher conferences exist in a variety of different forms, depending on a country, school district and individual school. The subtypes are characterized by the following attributes. Like most other meetings, parent–teacher conferences can take the form of face-to-face meetings in which parents and teachers meet in person, or electronic meetings that are conducted over

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4650-403: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title PTM . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PTM&oldid=1175613976 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

4725-416: The scheduling without parents needing to be physically at school at the time of the scheduling. In principle, the middlemen could be avoided by automated scheduling by phone but is currently hindered by the lack of sophisticated speech analysis. This process can cause high levels of demand on school offices. Online scheduling is done by using appointment scheduling software on the internet. The advantages of

4800-533: The school hall, aula or auditorium, with many one-to-one meetings happening simultaneously in different parts of the room. In Australian educational system , the meetings are known as parent–teacher interviews or parents' nights. The exact practice varies by state and by school type. Some states mandate that the interviews be conducted, others do not. Government and non-government schools also follow different federal educational laws. Some schools have only one round of interviews per year, others have more. Two rounds

4875-612: The school year. The duration of parent–teacher conferences depends on the frequency of conferences and the number of participating parents and teachers. Annual meetings with multiple participants may last two hours or longer; one-to-many and many-to-one meetings once a term may last for an hour; one-on-one meetings once a year may last 15 minutes, one-on-one meetings once a term tend to last 5–10 minutes. Most face-to-face meetings take place at school. One-to-many meetings may take place in separate meeting rooms, many-to-one meetings in larger classrooms and one-to-one and many-to-one meetings in

4950-513: The school's affiliation. Non-government schools are grouped for reporting as Catholic schools (including Catholic-affiliated private schools) or private (other non-government schools). Government schools receive funding from the relevant state or territory government. Non-government schools receive funding from the Australian Government and relevant state or territory government; and in most cases, parents are required to make

5025-413: The second-highest in the world. The regulation, operation, and funding of education is the responsibility of the states and territories , because the Australian Government does not have a specific constitutional power to pass laws with concerning education. However, the federal government helps to fund non-government schools, helps to fund public universities and subsidises tertiary education through

5100-531: The state or territory, and date of birth of the child, school is compulsory from the age of five to six to the age of fifteen to seventeen. In the ACT, NSW, the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, and Western Australia, children are legally required to attend school from the age of six years old, until the minimum leaving age. In Tasmania, the compulsory school starting age

5175-597: The success of education systems in keeping students in school beyond the minimum leaving age, was 78 per cent for all full-time students in Year 12 . While state and territory governments are responsible for the regulation and delivery of school-based education within their jurisdiction, through the Council of Australian Governments , the Commonwealth Government has, since 2014, played an increasing role in

5250-471: The system are that it is automated without a need for a middleman, centrally optimized both for parents and for teachers without the need to involve students. Computationally, the scheduling problem is a NP-complete problem and in the same complexity class with other problems that involve constraint satisfaction and combinatorial optimization (so no fast algorithms are known for solving it). This can be seen as follows. We can check in time polynomial to

5325-402: The teachers have available and often get times that aren't suitable or optimal (booking schedules are optimized from the point of view of the teacher, not the parent); if a student doesn't want his/her parent to see teachers, all he/she may just not make the bookings, or leave it so late that there are no times available. Scheduling by phone also involves a parent and a school administrator to do

5400-511: The tertiary education sector. The Australian Government's involvement in education has been the responsibility of several departments over the years, with the Department of Education, Skills and Employment being formed in 2020. The academic year in Australia varies between States and institutions; however, it generally runs from late January/early February until early/mid-December for primary and secondary schools, with slight variations in

5475-501: The tertiary level, the majority of Australia's universities are public, and student fees are subsidised through a student loan program where payment becomes due when debtors reach a certain income level, known as HECS. Underpinned by the Australian Qualifications Framework , implemented in 1995, Australia has adopted a national system of qualifications, encompassing higher education, vocational education and training (VET), and school-based education. For primary and secondary schools,

5550-486: The then Federal Education Minister , Christopher Pyne , announced a $ 70 million Independent Public Schools Initiative to support 1,500 Australian government schools to become more autonomous . Government hospital schools are located at some major hospitals and provide access to tuition for students who have extended stays in hospitals. Across Australia, the Federal Department of Education sets

5625-453: The type of school education provided and the socio-economics of the school community served. Some private schools are run by religious institutes ; others have no religious affiliation and are driven by a national philosophy (such as international schools ), pedagogical philosophy (such as Waldorf-Steiner schools ), or specific needs (such as special schools ). As of 2018 , including private schools run by Catholic religious institutes, of

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