Misplaced Pages

#14985

35-664: The largest of the islands is Washington Island , in Door County, Wisconsin. Washington Island accounts for 62% of the islands' combined surface area. Others include Plum Island , Detroit Island , Hog Island , Pilot Island , and Rock Island in Wisconsin and Little Gull Island , Summer Island , Little Summer Island , Poverty Island , Rocky Island , and St. Martin Island in Michigan. The broader term "Green Bay Islands"

70-403: A 20-minute route, which includes an optional bundled narrated train tour upon arriving on Washington Island. The Washington Island Airport , a small public airport with two grass runways, is located on the island. Green Bay (Lake Michigan) Green Bay is an arm of Lake Michigan , located along the south coast of Michigan 's Upper Peninsula and the east coast of Wisconsin . It

105-417: A continued variety of spellings. At times Potawatomi was applied to the main island; sometimes to what is now Rock Island. At times the main island was missing from the map. When the lighthouse was built on Rock Island, it was called Pottawatomie Light, the name it has retained. While a few maps did chart either [?]ellens or Mellens Island (a possible corruption of Miller), the settlement of the island began with

140-537: A few other names were applied to these islands. The Jesuit Records of 1670–1672 refer to them as the Huron Islands. Other records of the time refer to them as the Noquet Islands, named for the small band of Ojibwa that lived in the area of what is now called Big Bay de Noc , as well as, for a time, on Washington Island. Jonathan Carver, who traveled the area in the late 18th century, called them, simply,

175-557: A treacherous strait that connects Green Bay to the rest of Lake Michigan . Early French explorers named this water way, now littered with shipwrecks , Porte des Morts , which literally means "Door of the Dead" or, more colloquially, "Death's Door", giving both Door County and Door Peninsula their names. Washington Island is one of a string of islands (which are an outcropping of the Niagara Escarpment ) stretching across

210-471: Is one of the oldest Icelandic communities in the United States and among the largest outside Iceland itself. Because of a loophole exploited during Prohibition by the owner of Nelsen's Hall (one of the few bars on the island at the time), taking shots of Angostura Bitters is a local tradition. Washington Island's population consumes more bitters than anyone else in the world. From 1896 to 1926,

245-565: Is separated from the rest of the lake by the Door Peninsula in Wisconsin, the Garden Peninsula in Michigan, and the chain of islands between them, all formed by the Niagara Escarpment . Green Bay is some 120 miles (193 km) long, with a width ranging from about 10 to 20 miles (16 to 32 km); it is 1,626 square miles (4,210 km ) in area. At the southern end of the bay is the city of Green Bay, Wisconsin , where

280-628: Is used when additional islands located to the southwest are included in the island group. In the 19th century, a fishing industry was centered around the Potowatomi Islands. Areas where fishing was most active were termed fishing grounds, and were termed the Sack Bay, Summer Island, St. Martin Island, and Washington Island grounds. During the peak of the industry in the 1840s and 1850s, approximately 20 fishing families lived year-round on Summer Island and several more on Rock Island. Following

315-703: The Fox River enters the bay. The Leo Frigo Memorial Bridge (formerly known as the Tower Drive bridge) spans the point where the bay begins and the Fox River ends, as the river flows south to north into the bay. Around mid-bay are Sturgeon Bay and the Peshtigo River . The Sturgeon Bay serves the city named after the bay as a shortcut for large ships to use to bypass the Door Peninsula, while

350-652: The Town of Washington in Door County, Wisconsin and part of Fairbanks Township in Delta County, Michigan. Peninsulas Nearby and adjacent waters Counties Protected areas History 45°22′N 86°54′W  /  45.367°N 86.900°W  / 45.367; -86.900 Washington Island (Wisconsin) Washington Island is an island of the state of Wisconsin situated in Lake Michigan . Lying about 7 miles (11 km) northeast of

385-577: The Copper Culture Indians. This burial ground is considered to be the oldest cemetery in Wisconsin and one of the oldest in the nation. The Ho-Chunk believe that they were created on the shores of Green Bay at a place called Red Banks. The French Jesuit , Roman Catholic priest, and missionary, Father Claude-Jean Allouez said the first Mass in Oconto on December 3, 1669. The bay was named la baie des Puants (literally, "the bay of

SECTION 10

#1732782450015

420-565: The French, with whom written history of the region begins, do not name the individual islands, but refer to them all as a group. The names chosen depended on which group of Native Americans they found on the islands at the time. The most common name from after 1650 to 1816 was the Potawatomi Islands . The Potawatomi appear to have first come to especially the southern islands in the string about 1641 (at which time they may figure into

455-589: The Great Lakes system sufficient to cause significant environmental degradation. The International Joint Commission identified 14 BUIs listed below. All BUIs that have been designated for an AOC, must be removed for the AOC to be considered restored and begin the delisting process. [3] Green Bay BUI's: Since 1988 over three quarters of the 120 remedial actions recommended by the lower green bay remedial action plan have been implemented or initiated. Industrialization

490-534: The Islands of the Grand Traverse. In July 1816, Col. John Miller garrisoned a new fort at the head of Green Bay to be called Fort Howard. Three schooners and one sloop sailed from Mackinac . They were the sloop Amelia and the schooners Wayne , Mink , and Washington , the last being the largest and flagship of the fleet, as well as, reportedly, the largest vessel on the lakes at the time. The fleet

525-740: The Midwest region's largest lavender farm, accompanied by a biennial festival held in summer. Two town parks, one county park, two town beaches, one public boat ramp, and three State Natural Areas dot the island. A fine arts school, the Sievers School of Fiber Arts, also calls the island home. There is one commercial fisherman on the island. Washington Island has a humid continental climate influenced to some degree by its offshore position in Lake Michigan . This results in summer temperatures being moderated, seasonal lag being prevalent and winters being less cold than in western Wisconsin on

560-528: The Peshtigo River serves Peshtigo and Crivitz . Locally, the bay is called the Bay of Green Bay to distinguish it from the city. The bay is located in parts of five counties in Wisconsin ( Brown , Door , Kewaunee , Marinette , Oconto ), and two in Michigan ( Delta , Menominee ). Oconto is home to Copper Culture State Park , which has remains dated to around 5000-6000 BC. It is a burial ground of

595-563: The Stinks") by the French explorer Jean Nicolet as shown on many French maps of the 17th and 18th centuries. According to George R. Stewart , the French received the name from their Indian guides, who called the natives living near Green Bay by a derogatory word meaning "Stinkers", thus the bay was the "Bay of the Stinkers", but this name perplexed the French, and Jacques Marquette thought

630-632: The United States, 17 in Canada, and five shared by the two countries." [1] [2] Lower green Bay Area of Concern was designated in 1987 under the Great Lakes Water Quality agreement. It was designated by these sources of pollution: The seasonal dead zone in the lower part of the bay may have gotten longer from 2009 to 2015. Beneficial Use Impairments (BUI) are a change in the chemical, physical or biological integrity of

665-542: The bay in the Menominee language is Pūcīhkit , or "bay that smells like something rotting". In 1671 and 1673, Louis André and Jacques Marquette described fluctuations in the water level of the bay and discussed what they thought caused them. Ferromanganese nodules have been found in the bay. Todorokite occurs within the nodules. There are numerous reefs of exposed bedrock in the Porte des Mortes passage and in

700-716: The bay. North of the peninsula, warm water from Green Bay flows into Lake Michigan on the surface, while at the same time, cold lakewater enters Green Bay deep underneath. In a study looking at fish stomach contents, walleye were found to eat between 5-6% and lake whitefish and yellow perch over the course of a year. However, south of Chambers Island, walleye eat considerably more lake whitefish in May and June. Walleye were found to eat more yellow perch on an annual basis, but not more than 15% of their overall diet during any particular month. Walleye and Lake whitefish in Green Bay for

735-515: The economist Thorstein Veblen spent summers at his study cabin on Washington Island. On the island he learned Icelandic, which allowed him to write articles accepted by an Icelandic newspaper and translate the Laxdæla saga into English. In 1914, Washington Island was the setting for a juvenile fiction novel by Harry Lincoln Sayler under the pen name "Gordon Stuart". Washington Island hosts

SECTION 20

#1732782450015

770-465: The entrance of Green Bay from the Door Peninsula in Wisconsin to the Garden Peninsula in Michigan . One early name is "Wassekiganeso," an Ojibwa name that translates to "his breast is shining" and apparently refers to the glint of the sun that at times reflects off the limestone cliffs. Another Native American name is "Me-she-ne-mah-ke-ming" or "Leader Island". The earliest records and maps of

805-428: The fishers and craftsmen living around Washington Harbor. A large non-Native American presence did not begin until the 1830s, when settlers on their way to Green Bay heard of large sized trout. Most of these settlers were Icelandic and Irish . These settlers commonly called the whole island by the name of their harbor and in the census of 1850, "Washington Island" appeared. The border between Wisconsin and Michigan

840-463: The introduction of the steam tug in 1869 and also as the whitefish industry declined, most fishermen left the smaller islands. Those who continued to fish moved especially to Washington Island and harbors in Big and Little Bay de Noc. Switching from the sail-powered sloop to the steam tug expanded the fishermens' ranges and allowed them to live further from the fish they caught. The Potawatomi Islands form

875-432: The largest in a group of islands that includes Plum , Detroit , Hog , Pilot , Fish , and Rock Islands . These islands form the Town of Washington . Detroit Harbor bay is on the south side of the island. A large part of Washington Island's economy is based on tourism . Washington Island is approximately 5 miles (8 km) wide by 6 miles (10 km) long. Together with the Door Peninsula, Washington Island forms

910-656: The most part do not compete for the same prey, especially south of Chambers Island . Lake whitefish and yellow perch in the bay compete strongly for the same prey south of Chambers Island, and compete moderately north of it. According to the Environmental Protection Agency , " Areas of Concern are designated by the International Joint Commission as geographic areas in the Great Lakes basin having severe environmental degradation . There are 43 Areas of Concern with 26 in

945-498: The mouth of the Lower Fox River.  It removed 80,000 cubic yards of PCB-contaminated sediment, containing 3,400 pounds of PCBs. 2019 marks the 16th year of clean up of the lower Green Bay. River clean up is scheduled for late March depending on ice conditions. Monitoring will continue to study fish, water, and PCB concentrations. [4] Once the lower Green Bay clean up is complete long term monitoring will still be done on

980-531: The name might relate to the smell of the swamps when he explored the area in May 1673. His fellow explorer Louis Joliet , with two canoes and five voyageurs of French-Indian ancestry ( Métis ) were on their way to find the Mississippi River . They travelled up the Fox River, nearly to its headwaters. The French also called the bay Baie Verte , and the English kept this name as Green Bay. The name of

1015-472: The name of Col. John Miller being honored on the largest island as Millers Island. Other members of the party included Maj. Talbot Chambers, John O'Fallon, and Joseph Kean. Chambers Island retains its name today, while Keans Island and Fallons Island are now called Rock and Detroit Islands, respectively. Not every map maker or journalist, however, knew of or paid attention to this. The names of Potawatomi and Louse continued to be used by many for many years, with

1050-475: The naming of Porte des Morts ), then left the area for a while, and then returned again and remained there for a considerable length of time. The French form of this name (also variously spelled) is l'Isle des Poux , based on a shortened form of the tribe's name. This shortened form also appears as "Pous" and is at times erroneously confused with Puans , which refers to the Winnebago . Before 1800, however,

1085-552: The same latitude. Washington Island is served by two ferry routes. The first route is to take a 30-minute ferry ride from the Door Peninsula to Detroit Harbor on the island from a freight, automobile, and passenger ferry that departs daily from the Northport Pier at the northern terminus of Wisconsin Highway 42 . The second route is a passenger-only ferry that departs from the unincorporated community of Gills Rock on

Potawatomi Islands - Misplaced Pages Continue

1120-400: The tip of the Door Peninsula , it is part of Door County , Wisconsin. The island has a year-round population of 708 people according to the 2010 census . It has a land area of 60.9 km (23.51 sq mi) and comprises over 92 percent of the land area of the town of Washington , as well as all of its population. The unincorporated community of Detroit Harbor is situated on the island. It is

1155-480: Was a major factor regarding the Lower Green Bay becoming contaminated; significant contributors were land water use (agriculture, logging, industry), high turbidity, sedimentation, frequent algal blooms, degraded fish/wildlife/plant populations and adverse toxicant impacts. Past Emergency Clean Up: In 1999 and 2000, EPA oversaw a dredging project done by some of the paper companies about 3 miles upstream from

1190-470: Was originally defined as "the most usual ship channel" into Green Bay from Lake Michigan but commercial routes existed both to the north and south of the island which led to a border dispute. In 1936, the U.S. Supreme Court decision Wisconsin v. Michigan found that Washington and other nearby islands were part of Wisconsin. A majority of the people who settled on the island were Scandinavian immigrants , especially Icelanders . Today, Washington Island

1225-467: Was separated en route , and the Washington anchored in what is now Washington Harbor to wait for the others. With two days of waiting, some of the crew explored the island, and the officers, assuming theirs was the first ship to anchor there, named the harbor after the ship and in honor of President Washington . They also named various islands in the area after significant members of their party, with

#14985