PL2050 – TD (33)
23-472: K15 (3) The parliament of Poland is the bicameral legislature of Poland . It is composed of an upper house (the Senate ) and a lower house (the Sejm ). Both houses are accommodated in the Sejm and Senate Complex in Warsaw . The Constitution of Poland does not refer to the Parliament as a body, but only to the Sejm and Senate. Members of both houses are elected by direct election, usually every four years. The Sejm has 460 members, while
46-620: Is the degree of right to join and contribute to the relevant Seniors' Konwent ( Polish : Konwent Seniorów ), the procedural committee that determines the drafting of agendas and chamber workings. In the Sejm , In the Senate , The National Assembly ( Polish : Zgromadzenie Narodowe ) is the name of a joint sitting of the Sejm and the Senate . It is headed by the Marshal of the Sejm (or by
69-672: The Law and Justice chairman Jarosław Kaczyński made a speech praising the new reformed party. After Jarosław Gowin 's scepticism with the "Polish Deal" proposal (an economic recovery plan for countering the COVID-19 recession in Poland) and media law changes that would inevitably force the American company Discovery, Inc. to sell its TVN Group , Gowin was publicly removed from his position as deputy prime minister, resulting in realignment of
92-677: The Marshal of the Senate when the former is absent). Under the 1997 Constitution of Poland the National Assembly has the authority to The National Assembly is also called in order to In the periods 1922–1935 and 1989–1990, it was this joint sitting which elected the President of the Republic of Poland by an absolute majority of votes. In and from 1935, it was replaced by an Assembly of Electors , which consisted of
115-547: The National Movement , although it has moderated its political outlook since 2016. During the 2018 local elections , it coordinated with the socially conservative Right Wing of the Republic ; in 2019, it joined the Polish Coalition . Due to its eurosceptic stances, its membership was terminated from the coalition. In May 2021 it announced its support for the ruling United Right coalition. Kukiz'15
138-710: The Real Politics Union ended cooperation with Kukiz'15. However, the ideological differences between the Pro-European PSL and the Eurosceptic Kukiz MPs led to a quick fallout. In November 2020, a PiS motion was put to a vote on the support for the Polish government in the EU budget negotiations (in which Poland and Hungary used their veto ). 5 of the 6 Kukiz MPs voted in support. This led
161-775: The Republic of Poland is a judicial body that rules on the constitutional liability of people holding the highest offices of state. It examines cases concerning the infringement of the Constitution and laws or crimes committed by the President , members of the government, the President of the Supreme Chamber of Control , the President of the National Bank of Poland , heads of central administrative offices and other senior state officials. In Poland, referral to
184-729: The Marshal of the Senate (as president of the Assembly of Electors), the Marshal of the Sejm, the Prime Minister, the Chief Justice, the General Armed Forces Inspector, 50 electors elected by the Sejm, and 25 electors elected by the Senate. The Senate was abolished in 1946 so in 1947 Bolesław Bierut was elected President only by the Sejm. There were no presidents from 1952 until 1989 when the Senate
207-485: The National Assembly drafted and passed a new Constitution , which was approved by a national referendum on 25 May 1997. Kukiz%2715 Kukiz'15 is a right-wing populist political party in Poland led by Paweł Kukiz . It was formed in 2015 as a loose movement that registered itself as an association in 2016 and later as a political party in 2020. Initially, it was connected with far-right parties such as
230-577: The National Movement leadership decided to end its collaboration with Kukiz'15 and instructed its MPs to leave the Kukiz'15 parliamentary club, but only one MP followed party instructions. These ones, who stayed in Kukiz'15, together with a few other Kukiz' MPs, formed National Democracy (Endecja). There was a Sejm scandal in April 2016. Kornel Morawiecki of Kukiz'15 left his Sejm member card in
253-586: The PSL and Kukiz'15 to part ways. On 20 June 2021, the reactivation of the congress of the Republicans , which were instrumental in the creation of Kukiz'15 in 2015, took place. Karol Rabenda announced that some Agreement members will join the Republican association and restructure it into a party, and that the newly formed party will subsequently join the governing coalition as a full member. In response,
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#1732765322550276-504: The Senate has 100 senators. To become law, a bill must first be approved by both houses, but the Sejm can override a Senate refusal to pass a bill. On certain occasions, the Marshal of the Sejm summons the National Assembly , a joint session of the members of both houses. It is mostly ceremonial in nature, and it only convenes occasionally, such as to witness the inauguration of the President . Under exceptional circumstances,
299-639: The State Tribunal is used instead of the process of impeachment , which is traditionally used in some other nations as a way of addressing similar allegations against persons holding analogous offices. The State Tribunal is empowered to rule for the removal of individuals from public office, to impose injunctions on individuals against their appointment to senior offices, to revoke an individual's right to vote and to stand for election, to withdraw previously awarded medals, distinctions and titles of honour, and in criminal cases to impose penalties stipulated in
322-442: The composition of the coalition. As result, Adam Bielan 's "Agreement rebels" new party joined the coalition as replacements, and the remaining Kukiz '15 MP's led by Paweł Kukiz declared their support for the coalition, except Stanisław Tyszka . All deputies were elected on United Right list State Tribunal (Poland) The State Tribunal ( Polish : Trybunał Stanu [trɘˈbu.naw ˈsta.nu] ) of
345-462: The constitution endows the National Assembly with great responsibilities and powers, such as to bring the President before the State Tribunal ( impeachment ). The largest party in the Sejm is Law and Justice (PiS) with 194 out of 460 seats in Sejm. Senate Pact 2023 is leading in the Senate with 66 out of 100 seats. The two debating halls have designated seats for the deputies, senators and
368-417: The criminal code. The composition of the State Tribunal is established at the first sitting of each new Sejm and is binding for its term (with the exception that the head of the office is Chief Justice , appointed by President for a six-year term). His two deputies and 16 members of the State Tribunal are chosen from outside the Sejm. Members of the State Tribunal must hold Polish citizenship, may not have
391-551: The election was the replacement of Poland's proportional representation electoral system with single member constituencies, which was the subject of a referendum in September 2015. The movement was particularly popular among young people: Kukiz won 42% among voters aged 18 to 29 in the 2015 presidential election. In the 2015 parliamentary election , Kukiz'15 cooperated with the far-right National Movement , which gained 5 of Kukiz' 42 parliamentary seats. In April 2016,
414-492: The nationalists into the Sejm. In May 2018, Kukiz'15 has coordinated with the social conservative Right Wing of the Republic in local elections . In August 2019, Kukiz'15 joined the Polish People's Party (PSL) to set up a joint list for the 2019 parliamentary election named Polish Coalition . This alliance helped both parties overcome the 5%-threshold and Kukiz kept 6 MPs in the Sejm. Because of that alliance,
437-453: The party has expressed eurosceptic stances, and has been described as a right-wing populist , and conservative party, that sits on the centre-right and right wing on the political spectrum. The key postulates upon foundation of the party were: The movement was founded after Kukiz stood in the 2015 presidential election , winning 21% of the vote and coming in third during the election's first round. Kukiz's primary issue during
460-559: The single Marshal (speaker) of each. Senators and deputies are equipped with voting devices. After election deputies and senators will remain or splinter into deputy or senatorial groupings, or have no affiliations and sit as " independents ". In both chambers, there are two formal sizes of groups: Clubs ( Polish : kluby , klub ( sg. ) which are the entire party groups of the elected, where none have splintered away or defected to another klub ) and circles ( Polish : koła , koło ( sg. )). The primary difference between these
483-460: The voting device when he felt sick and went out from the debating hall and then Małgorzata Zwiercan voted for him. After this he left Kukiz'15 and launched a new party Free and Solidary ( Wolni i Solidarni ) along with two other Kukiz'15 MPs. In February 2017, three Kukiz'15 MPs left the group and became a parliamentary representation of the association "Republicans" ( Republikanie ). In February 2018, Paweł Kukiz apologised for having introduced
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#1732765322550506-492: Was initially connected with the National Movement party, although Kukiz'15 itself was not characterized as far right but rather national-conservative , conservative-liberal , and anti-establishment . After 2016, they ceased operations with far-right organizations and politicians. Since its inception, it has lacked programmatic coherence and thus has been described as a big tent party. In its program, they have expressed support for direct democracy . Its leader and
529-405: Was restored and the National Assembly elected Wojciech Jaruzelski as President . Since 1990, the President has been elected by the people. However, the President is still sworn in before the National Assembly, which is also the only organ which can declare the President's permanent incapacity to perform his duties, or bring an indictment against him before State Tribunal . From 1992 to 1997,
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