Hybrid tea is an informal horticultural classification for a group of garden roses . The first hybrid tea roses were created in France in the mid-1800s, by cross-breeding the large, floriferous hybrid perpetuals with the tall, elegant tea roses . The hybrid tea is the oldest class of modern garden roses . Hybrid teas exhibit traits midway between their parents, being hardier than the often delicate tea roses, and with a better ability for repeat-flowering than the more robust hybrid perpetuals.
22-485: The Rosa 'Pope John Paul II' is a white Hybrid tea rose cultivar, developed by Jackson & Perkins in honor of Pope John Paul II . 'Pope John Paul II' was created by American rose breeder, Dr. Keith W. Zary in 2006, and was introduced into the United States in 2013 by Jackson & Perkins . The new rose was created in honor of the late Pope John Paul II. The pure white rose was specifically chosen by
44-457: A 2 to 3 ft (60-91 cm) spread. The shrub produces over 45 large petals that are a luminous, white, and 5-6 in (12-15 cm) in diameter. Flowers have a strong, citrus fragrance. 'Pope John Paul II' is disease resistant and has dark green foliage. Hybrid tea rose Hybrid tea flowers are well-formed with large, high-centred buds, supported by long, straight and upright stems. Each flower can grow to 8–12.5 cm wide. Hybrid teas are
66-404: A high-centered bloom form and are carried singly or with several side buds. Each flower can grow to 3–8 cm (1–3 in) wide. Plants tend to grow quickly and will reach 0.9–2.4 m (3–8 ft) in height in just a few years. Hybrid teas are grown in a large variety of colors, except blue. Hybrid tea propagation is usually done by budding , a technique that involves grafting buds from
88-856: A new class of roses in 1879, when British rose breeder, Henry Bennett , introduced ten "Pedigree Hybrids of the Tea Rose" in Stapleford, Wiltshire . Bennett's first attempts at rose breeding on his Wiltshire farm in 1868 were unsuccessful. He visited prominent rose breeders in France from 1870 to 1872 to further his knowledge of rose breeding. Returning home, he constructed heated greenhouses on his farm and expanded his rose breeding program. When he introduced his ten new hybrid tea roses in 1879, they were an immediate success. 'La France' , bred by Jean-Baptiste André Guillot and introduced in France in 1867, has been acknowledged by several rose historians as
110-419: A parent plant onto hardy, disease-resistant rootstocks . One such rootstock is R. multiflora . Gardeners can propagate hybrid tea roses on their own roots by taking cuttings in spring, then rooting and growing them in a protected location for their first year. Plants grown from cuttings, are not as hardy as the mother plant, less disease-resistant and may not live as long as grafted plants. Hybrid teas became
132-527: A renowned 300-acre nursery near Chobham , Surrey. It was while working at Hillings that Thomas met the formidable garden designer Gertrude Jekyll , then aged 88, when he wrote her a letter and she invited him for a cup of tea and a chat about gardening. She became a mentor to the young gardener, passing on her theories of garden design as an art. It was around this time that Thomas began to collect old shrub and climbing rose varieties, many of which had fallen out of favour because they only flowered once during
154-564: The Los Angeles Times , Clair Martin, rose curator of Huntington Botanical Gardens said: "Thomas set about preserving the heritage of old roses when many of them were on the verge of extinction". Graham Stuart Thomas was born in Cambridge into a family of keen amateur gardeners and musicians. His father William Richard Thomas was a clerk to Cambridge University syndicate. He is said to have developed his interest in plants at
176-647: The Vatican , and was planted in the Vatican gardens in 2013 overlooking Saint Peter's Basilica . The Pope John Paul II rose was included in the White House Rose Garden during the latest renovations by First Lady Melania Trump in honor of the first time a pope visited the White House in 1979. 'Pope John Paul II' is a medium-tall upright shrub, 4 to 5 ft (121-152 cm) in height with
198-1026: The 1968 restoration of the Sezincote gardens. In 1975, Thomas received the OBE for his work with the National Trust. Other awards included the Royal Horticultural Society 's Veitch Memorial Medal in 1966 and Victoria Medal of Honour in 1968. He received a Gold Medal from the RHS for his paintings and drawings, the Dean Hole Medal from the Royal National Rose Society and the Garden Writers' Guild Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996. In addition to his garden designs, books and illustrations, Thomas
220-791: The 20th century. The most important modern hybrid tea rose breeders of the 20th century are: William Warriner, the Sam McGredy family , Tom Carruth , the Meilland family , Mathias Tantau, Wilhelm Kordes , Harkness Roses , Cants of Colchester , and Dickson Roses . Among the most popular of the 20th century hybrid teas include: 'George Dickson' (1912), 'Étoile de Hollande' (1919), 'Dainty Bess' (1925)', Crimson Glory (1935), 'Ena Harkness' (1946), 'Just Joey' (1972) 'Double Delight' (1977), 'Brigadoon' (1991) and 'Francis Meilland' (2006). Graham Stuart Thomas Graham Stuart Thomas OBE VMH (3 April 1909 – 17 April 2003)
242-610: The Hybrid Perpetuals." Hybrid tea roses did not become popular until the beginning of the 20th century, when French rose breeder, Joseph Pernet-Ducher , introduced the cultivar 'Soleil d'Or' in 1900. 'Soleil d'Or' is the first yellow rose introduced and the ancestor of the modern hybrid tea rose. Some of Pernet-Ducher's early successes are considered to be two of the most popular of all the 19th century Hybrid tea roses: 'Madame Caroline Testout' (1890) and 'Mme Abel Chatenay' (1895). The city of Lyons in France became at
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#1732772656443264-424: The age of six, when he was given a fuchsia as a gift. On another occasion, he spent a birthday present of half a crown buying alpine plants on Cambridge Market . By the age of eight. he had decided to make gardening his career. At 17, he joined Cambridge University Botanic Garden , which enabled him to also attend university lectures on horticulture and botany . These lectures were his only formal education in
286-504: The field of horticulture, although as a member of staff at the botanic garden he built up a practical and theoretical knowledge that would become the foundation of his career. One of his earliest design projects was working on the rose garden there. In 1930, Thomas joined the then famous Six Hills Nursery in Stevenage , working under alpine expert Clarence Elliott . The following year he became foreman at T. Hilling & Co (Hillings),
308-400: The first hybrid tea rose. Other rose historians have suggested that the earliest hybrid tea roses were developed a decade earlier. These early roses are: 'Elise Masson', 'Léonore d'Este' and 'Gigantique' in 1849 as well as 'Adèle Bougere' in 1852. 'Victor Verdier', bred by Frenchman François Lacharme and introduced in 1859, is a strong candidate for being the first hybrid tea. 'Victor Verdier'
330-468: The history and extent of the genus at a time when old varieties were being overshadowed by their repeat flowering and showier cousins hybrid teas and floribundas . Thomas began an informal association with the National Trust in the late 1940s, initially working at Hidcote Manor when it passed to the Trust in 1948. The relationship was formalised when he became its official gardens adviser in 1955. This
352-505: The largest and most popular group of rose, due to their elegant form and large variety of colours. Their flowers are usually borne singly at the end of long stems which also makes them very popular as cut flowers . Hybrid tea is an informal horticultural classification for a group of garden roses . Hybrid teas are the largest and most popular rose class, due to their elegant form and large variety of colours. They are known for their long, elegant pointed buds that open slowly. Hybrid teas have
374-707: The perennial Geranium 'Claridge Druce'. While Thomas would become associated with many other projects, he would remain a director of the Sunningdale nursery until 1971. Thomas's first important publication about roses was a booklet called The Manual of Shrub Roses , describing all the varieties, with advice on cultivation. In the foreword he described the booklet's aim as: "To bring forth these lovely things from retirement." His classic books on roses – Old Shrub Roses (1955), Shrub Roses Of Today (1962) and Climbing Roses Old And New (1965) followed and cemented his influence. They also provided much-needed information about
396-428: The season. Thomas became partner at Sunningdale Nurseries – then the most revered nursery in the country – with Jim Russell . The partners became known for planting schemes that focused on form and foliage, as much as flowers. At Sunningdale, Thomas established his entire collection of roses. It was here also that he began introducing new or rediscovered garden plants – notable introductions from this period include
418-405: The time an epicenter of hybrid tea cultivation with rose growers such as Joseph Bonnaire , Alexandre and Pierre Bernaix, Jean-Baptiste André Guillot or Joseph Schwartz. The rose that made hybrid teas the most popular class of garden rose of the 20th century was the rose Peace , introduced by Francis Meilland at the end of World War II, and is considered to be the most popular rose cultivar of
440-437: Was a relationship that was to continue for the succeeding 20 years and gave him the opportunity to work with a vast array of plants in spectacular historic settings, such as Sissinghurst Castle and Mount Stewart . It is Mottisfont Abbey – a creation that he himself described as a "masterpiece" – where his rose collection found its final home, and where his garden design skills can be best appreciated. He also assisted with
462-496: Was an English horticulturist, who is likely best known for his work with garden roses , his restoration and stewardship of over 100 National Trust gardens and for writing 19 books on gardening, many of which remain classics today. However, as he states in the Preface to his outstanding book, The Rock Garden and its Plants: From Grotto to Alpine House, "My earliest enthusiasms in gardening were for....alpines." p8 In his obituary in
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#1732772656443484-440: Was the successful result of a cross between a Hybrid Perpetual and a Tea rose, and was classified as a Hybrid Perpetual when it was first introduced. According to British horticulturalist and rose expert, Graham Stuart Thomas , "In 1859 'Victor Verdier' appeared, and this has sometimes been called the first Hybrid Tea. From this and 'La France', raised in 1867, a small group of varieties were raised, carrying strong Tea influence into
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