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13-465: The design of a new structure to replace the old ruined castle of Poppelsdorf commenced in 1715 at the request of the owner, Joseph Clemens , Archbishop-Elector of Cologne , who engaged the French architect Robert de Cotte . Clemens wanted a maison de plaisance that would be near his remodeled Bonn Palace 800 metres ( 1 ⁄ 2 mile) to the north. There was to be a canal between the two, following

26-525: A country house with an interior circular courtyard include the Villa Madama , Rome (begun c. 1516), and the Villa Farnese , Caprarola (begun 1559). Work came to a halt after Clemens' death in 1723, but his nephew and heir, Archbishop of Cologne Clemens August , undertook a second campaign of construction in 1745–1746. In 1818, under Prussian rule, the palace and the nearby park became part of

39-406: Is located in the center of the right wing, while the right front quadrant houses the kitchens and the concierge, and the left front quadrant, the stables. Minor rooms, stairs, and a loo occupy the corners between circular gallery and the main rooms in the garden side, and the corresponding spaces on the entrance side provide courtyards for the kitchens and the stables. Models for this type of plan of

52-730: The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cologne in western North Rhine-Westphalia . Historically the archbishop was ex officio one of the prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire and ruled the Electorate of Cologne . Since the early days of the Catholic Church , there have been ninety-four bishops and archbishops of Cologne . Seven of these ninety-four retired by resignation, including four resignations which were in response to impeachment. Eight of

65-745: The University of Bonn . The same year the park was converted to the Botanical Garden of Bonn , which today contains about 0.5 hectares of greenhouse area with eleven greenhouses and about 8,000 different plants. In 1944 the palace was heavily damaged by an Allied air attack. It has been rebuilt in a much simpler appearance from 1955. Notes Sources 50°43′30″N 7°05′32″E  /  50.72500°N 7.09222°E  / 50.72500; 7.09222 Joseph Clemens of Bavaria Joseph Clemens of Bavaria ( German : Joseph Clemens von Bayern ) (5 December 1671 – 12 November 1723)

78-664: The French court. Joseph Clemens was put under the Imperial ban and deprived of his lands in 1706. The war between France and the Holy Roman Empire was finally ended in 1714 with the Treaty of Baden , which restored Joseph Clemens. He died in Bonn, and was buried at the Cologne Cathedral . Joseph Clemens was succeeded by his nephew Clemens August of Bavaria . Archbishop of Cologne The archbishop of Cologne governs

91-542: The bishops and archbishops were coadjutor bishops before they took office. Seven individuals were appointed as coadjutors freely by the pope . One of the ninety-four moved to the Curia , where he became a cardinal. Additionally, six of the archbishops of Cologne were chairmen of the German Bishops' Conference . Cardinal Rainer Woelki has been the archbishop of Cologne since his 2014 transfer from Berlin , where he

104-515: The example of the Palace of Versailles and the Trianon de Marbre . De Cotte himself never travelled to Bonn to inspect the site, and on 24 May 1715 Clemens wrote to him: "I received your project for my Maison de Poppelsdorf, which pleased me infinitely, and I know nothing more beautiful or better conceived, but we are now obliged to consider the site on which it must be built." No drawing exists of

117-415: The plan for De Cotte's first project, but letters and subsequent plans indicate that it was square with two axes of symmetry at right angles to one another. It consisted of four two-storey wings surrounding a circular inner court with an arcaded gallery on its circumference. Clemens considered the plan too ambitious and asked de Cotte's assistant in Bonn, Benoît de Fortier, to revise the plan, reducing three of

130-425: The remainder engaged with the walls. The vestibule leads to the circular gallery, on the opposite side of which is a doorway leading into the main domed salon on the garden front. To the left of the salon is the elector's apartment arranged as an enfilade of grande salle , chambre d'audience , chambre à coucher (bedroom), and a cabinet . To the right of the salon is the salle à manger (dining room). The chapel

143-448: The wings to one storey, but leaving the garden wing with two. Clemens wrote to de Cotte: "I realized that it would be quite useless to erect so large a building on that site, which is but a cannon shot from town   ... For the most part my retinue returns to the city at night, and I keep near me only those who are absolutely necessary to serve me." The extant plan shows a square entrance vestibule with 16 columns: four free-standing, and

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156-585: Was a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty of Bavaria and also served as the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne from 1688 to 1723. The third son of Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria and his wife, Princess Henriette Adelaide of Savoy , Joseph Clemens was designated by his parents for a life in the church. He became Archbishop of Cologne in 1688 after the death of Maximilian Henry of Bavaria , and his appointment to that post by Pope Innocent XI

169-595: Was one cause of the Nine Years' War . He later also served as Prince-Bishop of Liège , of Regensburg , of Freising and of Hildesheim . Joseph Clemens was the younger brother of Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria . As did his brother, Maximillian II, Joseph Clemens allied with France during the War of the Spanish Succession and was forced to flee his residence Bonn in 1702 and found refuge at

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