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52-461: The settlement and its surrounding areas are served by Portorož International Airport which is located in the nearby village of Sečovlje . The Slovene name Portorož is borrowed from Italian Portorose , literally 'port of roses', which was recorded in the 12th century as Porto di rose . The name is derived from Santa Maria delle Rose 'St. Mary of the Roses', the patron saint of a former church in

104-664: A contemporary art biennale, the International Sculpture Symposium Forma Viva . The works are on display in a sculpture park in the village of Seča . The settlement is also home to The Rolling Stones Museum , one of the most unique ones of its type in the world. Portorož was a home of the Banka Koper Slovenia Open tennis tournament of WTA Tour from 2005 to 2010. Since 2013 the Tilia Slovenia Open ,

156-479: A decade the railway was still profitable, then the Great Depression arose and the railway could no longer compete with developing maritime , bus and automobile transport . The fascist regime found an excellent opportunity to further persecution of Slovene and Croatian population, forming majority of Istrian hinterland population . From Rome the order to abandon the railway arrived and

208-661: A derailment. An engineer and a fireman were killed. The most tragic event in the railway's history occurred on 19 March 1921 at 18:20. A group of fascists was traveling to Trieste. During the stop in Strunjan they shot from the train at a group of children playing near the track. Two children were killed, 2 maimed and 3 wounded. In memory of this event Božidar Tvrdy later composed a poem Za Šentjanom je utonilo sonce (the Sun drowned at Šentjan, full text in Slovenian ). After

260-525: A lesser degree of autonomy. One of the first religious orders who came to this area was the Benedictines . In the 12th century, the broader region already had four monasteries and even more churches. Among those, one of the oldest was the church of Our Lady of the Rosary , which stood by the bay in the beginnings of the 13th century. Its name was Sancta Maria Roxe or S. Maria delle Rose , and in 1251

312-599: A low of 17.3 °C (63.1 °F). Due to its coastal location, temperatures below −10 °C (14.0 °F) or above 35 °C (95.0 °F) are rare. The average annual precipitation is 947.4 millimetres (37 in) which is fairly distributed throughout the year, though September and October see a peak in precipitation levels. Portorož averages 2,423 hours of sunshine per year. Portorož hosts annual Festival of Slovenian Film ( Festival slovenskega filma ) with Vesna awards being awarded for best achievements in Slovenian cinematography. Since 1961, Portorož has also hosted

364-584: A men's ATP Challenger tournament, takes place every summer on the same courts of the ŠRC Marina. In 1958, the Portorož international chess tournament was won by Mikhail Tal ; Bobby Fischer finished sixth, and was awarded the title of grandmaster at the (then) record age of 15. Tal went on subsequently to win the candidates tournament and the world title of 1960. Portorož was host to the International Physics Olympiad in 1985 and

416-414: A new electric therapy among their treatment programmes. In the interwar period the settlement was slowly regaining its former glory when World War II severely crippled it again. The crisis lasted until 1968 when renovations and new constructions under the new entity of Yugoslavia began to take place along the whole region. In this time they began to build the settlement's infrastructure with the casino doing

468-586: Is also accessible. In 2008, the section between Markovac and Visnjan was cleared. In 2010 it was apparent that efforts were being made to clear other sections of bushes and self seeded trees that were blocking them. Clearing has been going on near Salvore/Savudrija. The section from Vizinada to the Ypsilon (the fast road from Pula to the Slovenian border) was cleared in January 2011. In two places near Ohnici and Baldasi, vineyards appear to have been grown right across

520-530: Is now defunct) but it was never built due to lack of funds and later due to upcoming World War I. The railway brought economic progress to towns along its route. It was mainly used to transport agricultural products (with fish and salt ) to the Trieste market . Products of Piran 's chemical industry and dimension stones from quarries in Grožnjan , Momjan , Kanegra , etc. were transported as well. During

572-743: The Illyrian Provinces . A period of economic growth followed during the second Austrian rule, with enlargement of trade and locally important salt pans in nearby Lucija and Sečovlje . In the aftermath of the Great War , the Treaty of Rapallo determined the Istrian peninsula to be from that point on a part of the Kingdom of Italy . Under the royal and then fascist rule, the area found itself amidst economic decline and civil conflicts between

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624-453: The Mirna river. Then it started climbing again via Motovun and Vižinada to Baldaši where it reached another local extreme at 273 meters above sea level. From there it started to descend gradually, passing Višnjan and reaching Poreč after 123 kilometers from Trieste. Although initially planned and much effort made by local authorities, the fork from Valica to Umag was never built. On

676-592: The Palace Hotel . At the initial opening ceremony, in 1910, the Palace Hotel was named "the most beautiful hotel on the Adriatic coast". The hotel was equipped with the most modern therapeutic accessories, and a casino was built for important wealthy guests. The thriving tourist community was halted by World War I, and a few years after the war (in which they came under Italian rule ) in 1928 they included

728-465: The World War I the railway was used to transport military and food supplies for the local population. After the war and the independence of most parts of Austria-Hungary, the whole of Istria became part of the Kingdom of Italy . The railway was taken over by Italians, its headquarters were moved from Vienna to Pula , locomotives and personnel were brought from other parts of Italy . For about

780-941: The World War I . In 1903 a small single car train with a steam engine at one end, a BCM/s51, produced by Komarek factory in Vienna , was introduced. It did not meet all expectations so in 1906 it was sold to a local railway in Pinzgau . After Italian annexation of Istria the new administration of the railroad ordered four additional locomotives (copies of the P-series) from Officine Meccaniche Italiane in Reggio Emilia . They were delivered in 1922 and 1923. All cars were 8.5 meters long. Passenger cars had 30 seats and were paraffin oil lit. They had balconies but no toilets . In addition, freight cars (both open and covered ones) and luggage cars were in use. In 1935, just before

832-657: The World War II several ideas arose to reconstruct the railway at least partially for the purpose of tourism , however this never happened. The last such initiative came from the Croatian association for reconstruction of the Parenzana railway in 2003. However, at the moment this does not seem likely to happen. During preparation of railway's centennial celebration, the Italian and most of Slovenian sections were, with

884-459: The gambling industry . The facilities include a marina, numerous sporting facilities and several casinos, along with many hotels and apartment complexes. In the second half of the 19th century, the leaders of the Pirano municipality and local doctors decided to stimulate tourism in the region, by offering health treatment by concentrated salt water and salina mud. From 1879 onward, Giovanni Lugnano

936-618: The Austrian Railways, and a member of the Austrian Doctors' Association. In 1902, the Parenzana railway system was introduced which increased the popularity of the region, but was later dissolved because of decreased spa interests. In 1909, the era of construction of most private villas ended with opening of a much bigger building for accommodation standards at the time; the Palace Cur Hotel , later known as

988-698: The Casino Riviera, Grand Casino Portorož, and the Casino Bernardin, located in the Grand Hotel Emona complex, which includes the Hotel Villa Park. Bernardin is a tourist complex located in the western part of Portorož. Its name derives from sveti Bernardin (" Saint Bernardino "), as the church, now in ruins, was named. Before the construction of multiple complexes, the area was a shipyard for smaller vessels, later moved to

1040-793: The European Universities Debating Championships in 2001. In 2008, the new Euro-Mediterranean University of Slovenia was inaugurated in collaboration with universities of the EU, the Middle East, and North Africa. In 2023, Portorož will host the European Girls' Mathematical Olympiad . Portoro%C5%BE Airport Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include

1092-629: The area. A large development of the area followed only after the demise of the empire, with enlargement of the number of settlers seeking shelter from attacks by the Barbarians . In the 7th century, the area was a part of the Byzantine Empire . Due to increasing dissatisfaction with the feudal rule, as well as the rising power of the Venetian Republic , the settlement of Pirano signed a trade treaty with Venice , which included

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1144-564: The bay was named by it Portus sanctae Mariae de Rosa . One of the most important roles in the history of the settlement was the monastery of Saint Laurence, where the Benedictines healed rheumatic illnesses, ascites and other diseases with concentrated saltwater and saline mud. In 1210, the area was overtaken by the Patriarchy of Aquileia. In the 13th century, Pirano entered a brief war from December 1282 to January 1283, in which it

1196-548: The bulk of the investments in reconstructing the sports airfield in nearby Sečovlje and building the multi-purpose auditorium in 1972. In 1976, two hotel complexes were constructed in Bernardin; in the following year another was added in the same area. In the same year they began transforming the Lucija saltworks into a marina for smaller vessels. Since the separation of Slovenia from Yugoslavia, Portorož has become one of

1248-628: The casino. The next year the first casino in the Socialist Republic of Slovenia , and the second within Yugoslavia other than the one in Opatija, Croatia . In 1972, the company moved into the newly built and much larger Remisens Premium Hotel Metropol, where they employed around 450 people. Having a large budget surplus, they began investing in the settlement's infrastructure. Today there are multiple casinos located in Portorož, such as

1300-583: The coast, passed Koper , Izola , Strunjan , Portorož , Lucija , Sečovlje , crossed the Dragonja river and entered the territory of the present day Croatia . Then it turned westwards, reached Valica , where Savudrija 's station stood, then turned eastwards towards the Istrian interior. It passed Buje , climbed to Grožnjan , where soon, after passing this town, it reached its highest point at elevation of 293 meters above sea level, before starting to descend to Livade (13m above sea level) where it crossed

1352-437: The decision to close down the line, a total of 180 cars of all types were in use. Although all tracks were removed, a large part of other railway infrastructure ( embankments , cuttings , bridges, viaducts, etc.) survives today. According to the Croatian association Porečanka it could still be possible to reconstruct the railway at 94% of the original route. Several milestones with the inscription "T.P.C." still stand along

1404-563: The details below. Request from 172.68.168.226 via cp1108 cp1108, Varnish XID 257430128 Upstream caches: cp1108 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 10:52:32 GMT Parenzana The Parenzana in Italian and Croatian or Porečanka in Slovene is one of the nicknames of a defunct 760mm/15 15/16 inch narrow gauge railway (operating between 1902 and 1935) between Trieste and Poreč (at that time Parenzo, hence

1456-649: The financial help of the European Union , converted into a recreation Trail of Health and Friendship ( Pot zdravja in prijateljstva in Slovenian , Percorso della salute e dell'amicizia in Italian ) for pedestrians and cyclists and similar works started at the Croatian side as well. On the Croatian side, viaducts have had new safety rails installed and some tunnels are now illuminated. The section between Vizinada and Motovun has been popular with walkers for some years. The section between Livade and Grosnjan

1508-470: The first economical analyses of a west Istrian railway were prepared around 1880. In 1888 a Berlin based company Sanderop & comp , led by Peter Walderstein started to prepare project plan of the route. A Trieste based company of Luigi Buzzi did the same independently of Sanderop & comp . In 1898 a construction permit was obtained and in 1900 the TPC company was founded in Vienna , its chief

1560-458: The former route. Most of railway stations survive as well, mostly they were converted into homes, workshops , warehouses . The former "Savudrija station" in Valica still carries the original sign with an inscription "Salvore". All 9 tunnels also still exist. Some of them were used to grow mushrooms . The others were and still are used by foot travellers and cyclists as "shortcuts". Probably

1612-481: The last train was operated on August 31, 1935. The economic situation deteriorated further as a result, and forced many people to emigrate . The rolling stock was sold to other Italian railways, mainly to Sicily , and a legend tells that tracks were dismantled to be transported to Abyssinia , then an Italian colony , but never reached Africa as the ship sank somewhere in the Mediterranean Sea . During

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1664-584: The many ascends and bends, so more efficient locomotives of P-series were ordered. These 0-8-2 (D'1) locomotives were designed by Karl Gölsdorf (as a combination of a larger version of U-series and a smaller version of a tender locomotive that were already operating in Bosnia ) and the first three were assembled and delivered by the Krauss factory in Linz in 1911. Additional 3 were ordered but never finished due to

1716-580: The most famous of such tunnels is the tunnel Valeta between Strunjan and Portorož . Of the original U-series of locomotives, U-37 is still preserved. After withdrawing from the Porečanka it was sold to the Austrian railway between Weiz , Birkfeld and Ratten , during World War I it was moved to a Bosnian logging railway and later it was operating at the brickworks in Busovača . After its "retirement" it

1768-520: The most important tourist sites in the country. The first casino to be opened was in Villa San Lorenzo, on 27 July 1913, and was run by the Casino des Etrangers society. It only lasted a few months before being shut down. The industry faded away in the northern Adriatic region, until 1963, when Zavod za pospeševanje turizma , whose president was Anton Nino Spinelli, proposed a reopening of

1820-584: The name Parenzana ), in present-day Italy , Slovenia and Croatia . When constructed, the railway 's official name was Parenzaner Bahn or simply Parenzaner . Later it was known as the Istrian Railway and TPC (standing for " Trieste - Parenzo (now Poreč ) - Canfanaro (now Kanfanar )" ). Among the area's current majority Croats and Slovenes , the railway is also known as the Istranka or Istrijanka , both meaning 'Istrian'. In Slovene ,

1872-604: The operation of railway several minor accidents occurred. Some were a consequence of human factor while others resulted from a fact that planners from interior of the Austria-Hungary did not know the local microclimate well. Especially around Milje gusts of bora caused several derailments . The most tragic occurred on 31 March 1910 when three people were killed and many wounded. Another derailment near Muggia (Milje) happened in 1916, but no victims are reported. In 1917 Russian prisoners of war deliberately caused

1924-759: The other hand, since 1909 Piran was connected with the station in Portorož (at that time Portorož was a spa and a stop for guests was arranged in a private villa two years after the rail line was completed), first with a trolleybus , in 1912 replaced by an electrical tramway which was operating till 1953. In parentheses the Italian names. Present day in Italy Present day in Slovenia Present day in Croatia When laws of Austria-Hungary allowed constructing local narrow gauge railways,

1976-478: The populace and the state. In World War II , the area had not seen much action, although the important industrial hub of Trieste suffered multiple bombings. In the aftermath of the war, the settlement found itself in the United Nations -administered Free Territory of Trieste . After the dissolution of the Trieste state it became a part of Yugoslavia . The economy of Portorož is mainly based on tourism and

2028-512: The railway is also known as Porečanka or Parenzana , while in Croatian it is sometimes referred to as Porečka or Porečanka . In Italian the railway's nickname is Parenzana . The railway started at St. Andrew station (now a railway museum ) in Trieste (Trst) . It passed Milje (Muggia) and entered present day Slovenia in Škofije . The route first passed Dekani then turned towards

2080-500: The salt pans there are some old salt warehouses, on the hill of Crocebianca (Beli Križ), there is a viewpoint over the Portorož bay and the Radio Capodistria antenna. Portorož has humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfa ) with cool winters and warm summers. Winters are cool with a January average of 4.75 °C (40.5 °F) while summers are warm with a July high of 29.4 °C (84.9 °F) and

2132-472: The settlement. The history of the settlement is directly connected to that of the neighbouring town of Piran , with Illyrian settlers already living there in the prehistoric era. They were followed by Celtic tribes, which were later conquered and annexed by the Roman Empire in 178 B.C. Archaeological finds suggest that in this period many farms and villas, also named villae rusticae , were built in

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2184-453: The steepest grades the steam locomotives often had trouble ascending the slope, prompting passengers alight the train and help push it. Trains occasionally had to stop after children would grease the rails with figs , and the journey could only continue once the tracks were cleaned. During the first years of the railway U-series 4-axle (0-6-2 / C'1) steam locomotives without tenders were used to operate trains. They proved underpowered for

2236-580: The structure into a fortress to guard the Bay of Piran, after which the buildings started to deteriorate. Portorož belongs to the coastal municipality of Piran , located in the southwest of the Gulf of Trieste (at the northernmost point of the Adriatic Sea ) between the boundaries of Italy to the north and Croatia to the south. Part of Portorož are the streets Fiesa and Pacug . In the southern part near

2288-455: The town of Izola . In 1971, Emona company from Ljubljana established Hoteli Bernardin , and began working on building the complex. In 1976, the first two hotels, Bernardin and Vile Park were built, with Grand hotel Emona following the next year. The monastery associated with Saint Bernardino's Church, which was built in 1452, was closed in 1806. In 1830, the Austrian military converted

2340-473: The trackbed, which is no longer visible at these points. When the Ypsilon was constructed, it caused the only major cut in the trackbed and it is unfortunate that an accommodation arch was not incorporated when it was planned. Beyond the Ypsilon, the trackbed has been cleared through to Markovac and the section from there to Višnjan was previously cleared. There is some sign of clearing starting between Višnjan and Nova Vas. Due to frequent bends, curves and ascents

2392-438: The train's average speed was a mere 25 km/h; together with all stops, the whole journey between Trieste and Poreč took approximately 7 hours. At slower sections passengers often alighted the train to pick fruit from one of many orchards , or to relieve themselves (coaches were not fitted with toilets), then boarded the train anew. Fare dodgers would also board the train in such a manner, so as to avoid ticket controls. At

2444-400: Was Ludovico Rizzi , then a governor of Austrian Littoral . The construction started the same year. Several contractors were assigned the construction works. The section between Trieste and Portorož was constructed by Butoraz and Zifer , both from Trieste, the section between Portorož and Buje was built by Filip Zupančič's company from Ljubljana , the section between Buje and Vižinada

2496-512: Was assigned to Brunetti , List and Radl , all from Graz, and the section between Vižinada and Poreč was constructed by Pellegrini and Strohmeier , both from Vienna as well. On 1 April 1902 the first section between Trieste and Buje was opened. The other section between Buje and Poreč was opened on 15 December 1902. Initial plans included an extension to Kanfanar , then a rail junction of standard gauge rail lines from Divača , Pula and Rovinj (the section between Kanfanar and Rovinj

2548-627: Was defeated by the Venetian Republic. During the second Venetian rule, it was, contrary to other towns on the Istrian peninsula, loyal to Venetian rule, and as such gained special privileges within the republic, which in turn caused the local economy to boom. In 1797, Venetian rule came to a close as the Austrian Empire took over the area for a brief period until 1806. From 1806 to 1813, the entire Istrian Peninsula became part of

2600-588: Was exhibited in front of the new railway station in Koper (built in 1967 for the new standard gauge line from Divača ) together with a few Bosnian cars, that were never used at the Porečanka. Another preserved U-series locomotive, U-40, is still in operation at Austrian Murtalbahn . Two of P-series locomotives survived. P-7 is now exhibited in the technical museum Leonardo da Vinci in Milan . P-4 arrived to Bosnia and Serbia during World War II. Before "retirement" it

2652-414: Was first to offer such salt treatments to various visitors. In 1885, after several years of successful start of new spa salt treatments, constructions of new treatment complexes and private villas began, and, in 1890, the predecessor of the famous Hotel Palace was built. In 1908, Orazio Pupini, a prominent Austrian doctor with a notable treatment history opened a sanatorium. He was also the main doctor of

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2704-466: Was in use around Čačak . In front of Izola 's petrol station a P-3 was exhibited in 2002 but this locomotive never operated at the Porečanka. In the 1980s the railway museum in Ljubljana acquired another interesting locomotive of P-series. It was assembled after World War I by Krauss from the parts that were initially intended for three additional locomotives ordered by the TPC administration but

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