A coast – also called the coastline , shoreline , or seashore – is the land next to the sea or the line that forms the boundary between the land and the ocean or a lake . Coasts are influenced by the topography of the surrounding landscape, as well as by water induced erosion , such as waves . The geological composition of rock and soil dictates the type of shore that is created. Earth contains roughly 620,000 km (390,000 mi) of coastline.
126-712: Porthdinllaen ( in English sometimes Porth Dinllaen ) is a small coastal village on the Llŷn Peninsula in the Dwyfor area of Gwynedd , Wales, built on a small promontory, and historically in Caernarfonshire . It is near the larger village of Morfa Nefyn . It has been owned by the National Trust since 1994. With views across to Yr Eifl and Snowdonia , Porthdinllaen, with Nefyn and Morfa Nefyn, forms
252-565: A Directors Guild of America Award nomination for Outstanding Directing – Miniseries or TV Film for her work as a director in a segment of the 2011 Lifetime anthology film Five , and starred opposite Ellen Barkin , Ellen Burstyn and George Kennedy in Sam Levinson 's black comedy Another Happy Day , which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival . Moore appeared as the mother of Miley Cyrus ' character in
378-612: A diva —she had previously turned down the Sandra Bullock role in While You Were Sleeping because the studio refused to meet her salary demands, and was dubbed "Gimme Moore" by the media. Moore took on the role of an ultrapious Jewish convert psychiatrist in Woody Allen 's Deconstructing Harry , also in 1997. After G.I. Jane , Moore retreated from the spotlight and moved to Hailey, Idaho , on
504-468: A lifeboat be positioned in the harbour. The boatshed and slip were commissioned in 1864. Both have been constantly staffed since commissioning; the current coxswain is Mike Davies, who has served as coxswain since 2004. The Tyne class lifeboat Hetty Rampton , in service since 27 April 1987, was replaced by a new Tamar class lifeboat , John D Spicer , in 2012. Because of its highly preserved and yet maintained status, Porthdinllaen regularly acts as
630-534: A navy and some form of coast guard . Coasts, especially those with beaches and warm water, attract tourists often leading to the development of seaside resort communities. In many island nations such as those of the Mediterranean , South Pacific Ocean and Caribbean , tourism is central to the economy . Coasts offer recreational activities such as swimming, fishing, surfing, boating, and sunbathing . Growth management and coastal management can be
756-539: A potter's wheel to the sound of " Unchained Melody " has become an iconic moment in cinema history. Ghost was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture , while Moore's performance earned her a Golden Globe nomination and the Saturn Award for Best Actress . She started fashion trends with her uncharacteristically gamine look, and legions of women emulated the short haircut she sported throughout
882-782: A stillbirth six months into the pregnancy. They married on September 24, 2005. The wedding was attended by about 150 close friends and family of the couple, including Willis. In November 2011, after months of media speculation about the state of the couple's marriage, Moore announced her decision to end her marriage to Kutcher. After over a year of separation, Kutcher filed for divorce from Moore on December 21, 2012, in Los Angeles Superior Court, citing irreconcilable differences . Moore filed her response papers in March 2013, requesting spousal support and payment of legal fees from Kutcher. On November 26, 2013, their divorce
1008-566: A 2-mile (3.2 km) bay. There are only about two dozen buildings at Porthdinllaen, with the Tŷ Coch Inn at the centre of the village. Vehicular access to the village is restricted to residents with a car permit; visitors must walk across the beach from Morfa Nefyn or across the Nefyn & District Golf Club golf course on top of the headland, past the Iron Age hill fort . Porthdinllaen
1134-603: A European fashion magazine'." In 1990, she told another interviewer, "I was 17 years old. I was underage. It was just the cover." Moore made her film debut as the protagonist's girlfriend in Choices (1981), a sports drama directed by Silvio Narizzano . It was shown at the Montreal and Chicago international film festivals, but would not garner much attention until after Moore became a household name, with home video releases heavily hyping up her appearance. Her second feature
1260-406: A black market drug to make herself younger. It premiered at the 2024 Cannes Film Festival , and Moore's performance was praised by critics. Nicholas Barber of BBC called it "her best big-screen role in decades" and praised her for being "fearless in parodying her public image." Phil de Semlyen of Time Out believed Moore "glues it all together, going full Isabelle Adjani -in- Possession in
1386-477: A blonde for the first time in the romantic comedy The Butcher's Wife , with Roger Ebert's review describing her as "warm and cuddly". All three films were commercial disappointments, but Moore sustained her A-list status with her starring roles in Rob Reiner 's A Few Good Men (1992), Adrian Lyne 's Indecent Proposal (1993), and Barry Levinson 's Disclosure (1994)—all of which opened at No. 1 at
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#17327765156161512-616: A brain tumor on July 2, 1998. Moore spent her early childhood in Roswell, and later, Canonsburg, Pennsylvania . Bob Gardner, a photographer for the Monongahela Daily Herald when Dan Guynes was head of advertising, recalled that Moore "looked malnourished and not so much abused as neglected . That haunting look as a child made me feel uneasy." She suffered from strabismus , which was corrected by two operations, as well as kidney dysfunction. Moore learned that Guynes
1638-478: A challenge for coastal local authorities who often struggle to provide the infrastructure required by new residents, and poor management practices of construction often leave these communities and infrastructure vulnerable to processes like coastal erosion and sea level rise . In many of these communities, management practices such as beach nourishment or when the coastal infrastructure is no longer financially sustainable, managed retreat to remove communities from
1764-488: A cover story about Moore as one of their most-read stories in 2019. Moore has 4.5 million followers on Twitter as of January 2020. She uses Twitter as a platform to raise awareness of sexual trafficking and slavery . "She is practicing what she preaches: More than half of her posts are on the subject, directing followers where to get involved," Harper's Bazaar reported in August 2010. "I like to connect to people in
1890-507: A crime drama he also wrote and directed. The pair planned to marry on December 6, 1986, but called off the engagement after a woman filed a $ 2 million paternity suit against Estevez. On November 21, 1987, Moore married her second husband, actor Bruce Willis . She and Willis had three daughters: Rumer Glenn Willis (born 1988), Scout LaRue Willis (born 1991), and Tallulah Belle Willis (born 1994). They announced their separation on June 24, 1998, and divorced on October 18, 2000. Despite
2016-752: A film and television shooting location. In September 2004 it posed as a Scottish fishing village for the Demi Moore romantic thriller Half Light . Coast Coasts are important zones in natural ecosystems , often home to a wide range of biodiversity . On land, they harbor important ecosystems such as freshwater or estuarine wetlands , which are important for bird populations and other terrestrial animals . In wave-protected areas, they harbor salt marshes , mangroves or seagrasses , all of which can provide nursery habitat for fin fish , shellfish , and other aquatic animals . Rocky shores are usually found along exposed coasts and provide habitat for
2142-685: A full-time basis to devote herself to raising her three daughters. She was off screen for three years before re-emerging in the arthouse psychological drama Passion of Mind (2000), the first English-language film from Belgian director Alain Berliner . Her performance as a woman with dissociative identity disorder was well received, but the film itself garnered mixed reviews and was deemed "naggingly slow" by some critics. Moore then resumed her self-imposed career hiatus and continued to turn down film offers. Producer Irwin Winkler said in 2001, "I had
2268-539: A guest editor for the November issue of Marie Claire . In 1999, she was ranked eighth on Forbes ' list of Top 20 Actresses, based on three separate lists of box office receipts. In 2004, People ranked her ninth on their list of All-Time Most Beautiful Women. She was voted seventh on Life & Style magazine's Best Dressed Female poll in December 2006. On December 31, 2019, The Wall Street Journal listed
2394-478: A lead role as grieving and tormented novelist in the mystery thriller Half Light (2006) alongside Hans Matheson , then took on the role of a driven police officer investigating a serial killer in the psychological thriller Mr. Brooks (2007), with Kevin Costner . The film received mixed reviews and grossed $ 48.1 million worldwide. Rolling Stone wrote that "the cop on the case, played by Demi Moore with
2520-596: A long arrest record which included drunk driving and arson. Moore broke off contact with her mother in 1989, when she walked away halfway through a rehab stay Moore had financed at the Hazelden Foundation in Minnesota. Virginia Guynes posed nude for the magazine High Society in 1993, where she spoofed Moore's Vanity Fair pregnancy and bodypaint covers and parodied her clay scene from Ghost . Moore and Guynes reconciled shortly before Guynes died of
2646-1058: A member of the Brat Pack , with roles in the films Blame It on Rio (1984), St. Elmo's Fire (1985), and About Last Night... (1986). She emerged a star with the romance film Ghost (1990), had further box-office successes in A Few Good Men (1992), Indecent Proposal (1993), and Disclosure (1994), and received a then-unprecedented $ 12.5 million to star in Striptease (1996). Moore's output decreased significantly after The Scarlet Letter (1995), The Juror (1996), and G.I. Jane (1997) fell below commercial expectations. She has since held sporadic leading roles in arthouse films, as well as supporting roles in Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle (2003), Bobby (2006), Mr. Brooks (2007), and Margin Call (2011). She received renewed critical recognition for her performance in
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#17327765156162772-655: A much higher capacity for carbon sequestration than many terrestrial ecosystems , and as such can play a critical role in the near-future to help mitigate climate change effects by uptake of atmospheric anthropogenic carbon dioxide . However, the economic importance of coasts makes many of these communities vulnerable to climate change , which causes increases in extreme weather and sea level rise, as well as related issues like coastal erosion , saltwater intrusion , and coastal flooding . Other coastal issues, such as marine pollution , marine debris , coastal development, and marine ecosystem destruction, further complicate
2898-492: A nonprofit, non-governmental organization directed towards fighting child sexual slavery . The foundation's first campaign included several celebrities, including Justin Timberlake , Sean Penn , Bradley Cooper appearing in a series of viral videos proclaiming: "Real Men Don't Buy Girls." In November 2012, the foundation said it was renaming as Thorn: Digital Defenders of Children , which aimed "to disrupt and deflate
3024-463: A pair of thieves in the diamond-heist semi-caper movie Flawless goes a long way toward overcoming the film's slack, leisurely pacing". In 2010, Moore took on the role of a daughter helping her father deal with age-related health problems in the dramedy Happy Tears , opposite Parker Posey and Rip Torn , and starred as the matriarch of a family moving into a suburban neighborhood in the comedy The Joneses , with David Duchovny . The latter film
3150-527: A place to run to for shelter in a storm. In May 1806, an act of Parliament, the Porthdinlleyn Harbour Act 1806 (46 Geo. 3. c. xxxiv), approved new buildings when it seemed that Porthdinllaen would be chosen as the port on the route to Ireland, rather than Holyhead , Anglesey . Porthdinllaen was almost as far west as Holyhead, but Holyhead was more accessible, because of Thomas Telford 's road developments. Porthdinllaen Harbour Company
3276-410: A project about a year and a half ago, and we made an inquiry about her—a real good commercial picture. She wasn't interested." Moore returned to the screen playing a villain in the 2003 film Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle , opposite Cameron Diaz , Drew Barrymore and Lucy Liu . A commercial success, the film made US$ 259.1 million worldwide, and Rolling Stone , on Moore's role, remarked: "It's
3402-653: A proper name to the coast of the Ligurian Sea , in the form riviera ligure , then shortened to riviera . Historically, the Ligurian Riviera extended from Capo Corvo (Punta Bianca) south of Genoa , north and west into what is now French territory past Monaco and sometimes as far as Marseilles . Today, this coast is divided into the Italian Riviera and the French Riviera , although
3528-435: A provider of sediment for coastlines of tropical islands. Like the ocean which shapes them, coasts are a dynamic environment with constant change. The Earth 's natural processes, particularly sea level rises , waves and various weather phenomena, have resulted in the erosion , accretion and reshaping of coasts as well as flooding and creation of continental shelves and drowned river valleys ( rias ). More and more of
3654-495: A receptionist at 20th Century Fox —a job she secured through Dunston's mother, who was an executive assistant to producer Douglas S. Cramer . She signed with the Elite Modeling Agency , then enrolled in acting classes after being inspired by her next-door neighbor, 17-year-old German starlet Nastassja Kinski . In August 1979, three months before her 17th birthday, Moore met married musician Freddy Moore , at
3780-477: A relief when Demi Moore shows up as fallen angel [...] Moore, 40, looks great in a bikini and doesn't even try to act. Her unsmiling sexiness cuts through the gigglefest as the angels fight, kick, dance and motocross like Indiana Jones clones on estrogen". Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle was followed by yet another three-year absence. In the interim, Moore signed on as the face of the Versace fashion brand and
3906-406: A retired high school teacher in the road comedy Wild Oats , which premiered on Lifetime in August 2016, and in a limited release the following month. In her next film, the drama Blind (2017), Moore starred opposite Alec Baldwin , portraying the neglected wife of an indicted businessman having an affair with a novelist blinded in a car crash. In 2017, Moore joined the cast of Empire , in
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4032-456: A shoreline configuration. Swash is the shoreward flow after the break, backwash is the water flow back down the beach. The relative strength of flow in the swash and backwash determines what size grains are deposited or eroded. This is dependent on how the wave breaks and the slope of the shore. Depending on the form of the breaking wave, its energy can carry granular material up the beach and deposit it, or erode it by carrying more material down
4158-425: A slightly different way in discussions of legal and economic boundaries (see territorial waters and international waters ) or when considering the geography of coastal landforms or the ecological systems operating through the continental shelf ( marine coastal ecosystems ). The research on coastal waters often divides into these separate areas too. The dynamic fluid nature of the ocean means that all components of
4284-653: A striking directness that deserved better than being saddled with an absurd back story as an heiress with a fortune-hunting husband." Moore reunited with Blame It on Rio co-star Michael Caine for the British crime drama film Flawless (2008), which saw her portray an American executive helping to steal a handful of diamonds from the London Diamond Corporation during the 1960s. Moore received positive reviews from critics; Miami Herald wrote: "The inspired pairing of Demi Moore and Michael Caine as
4410-402: A toughness, a strength, a determination," The Guardian described in 2007. She was also the subject of an E! True Hollywood Story special in 2003 and of Celebrity Style Story special in 2012. Moore has been included in magazine lists of the world's most beautiful women. She was selected as one of People magazine's 50 Most Beautiful People in the world in 1996. In 1999, Moore became
4536-680: A vanity-free performance full of bruised ego, dawning horror and vulnerability". As of October 2024, Moore will star in Boots Riley 's upcoming film I Love Boosters and in Taylor Sheridan 's drama series Landman . Moore is viewed as a pioneer for equal salary for women in Hollywood . She was paid $ 12.5 million for her role in Striptease , which was more money than any other woman in Hollywood had ever been offered at
4662-529: A wide range of sessile animals (e.g. mussels , starfish , barnacles ) and various kinds of seaweeds . In physical oceanography , a shore is the wider fringe that is geologically modified by the action of the body of water past and present, while the beach is at the edge of the shore, representing the intertidal zone where there is one. Along tropical coasts with clear, nutrient-poor water, coral reefs can often be found between depths of 1–50 m (3.3–164.0 ft). According to an atlas prepared by
4788-460: A widowed nurse in the early 1950s seeking a back-alley abortion. For the film, Moore received two Golden Globe nominations: Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film and Best Miniseries or Motion Picture Made for Television . Also in 1996, she provided the speaking voice of the beautiful Esmeralda in Disney 's animated adaptation of The Hunchback of Notre Dame . Moore shaved her head to play
4914-576: Is Dan Guynes. He raised me. There is a man who would be considered my biological father who I don't really have a relationship with." Moore has half-siblings from Charlie Harmon's other marriages, but she does not keep in touch with them either. Moore's stepfather Dan Guynes married and divorced Virginia twice. On October 20, 1980, a year after their second divorce from each other, Guynes committed suicide. Her biological father Harmon died in 1997 from liver cancer in Brazoria, Texas . Moore's mother had
5040-541: Is a coastline that has experienced a fall in sea level, because of either a global sea-level change, or local uplift. Emergent coastlines are identifiable by the coastal landforms , which are above the high tide mark, such as raised beaches . In contrast, a submergent coastline is one where the sea level has risen, due to a global sea-level change, local subsidence , or isostatic rebound . Submergent coastlines are identifiable by their submerged, or "drowned" landforms, such as rias (drowned valleys) and fjords According to
5166-426: Is an American actress. After rising to prominence in the late 1980s and early 1990s, Moore became the world's highest-paid actress by 1995. She has received numerous accolades , including nominations for a Primetime Emmy and three Golden Globe Awards . Moore began her career as a model and joined the cast of the soap opera General Hospital in 1981. After departing the show in 1983, she rose to prominence as
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5292-768: Is based on the podcast of the same name . The podcast is voiced by Moore and she also serves as producer with screenwriter Shana Feste . Moore was among the celebrities who made cameo appearances modeling lingerie at Rihanna 's Savage x Fenty Vol. 2 fashion show in 2020. In 2024, she was cast as socialite Ann Woodward in the Ryan Murphy created anthology series Feud: Capote vs. The Swans on FX on Hulu . Moore acted alongside Tom Hollander , Naomi Watts , Diane Lane , and Chloë Sevigny . That same year, she starred in Coralie Fargeat 's body horror film The Substance , where she portrays an aging star who uses
5418-528: Is connected to marine pollution which can occur from a number of sources: Marine debris (garbage and industrial debris); the transportation of petroleum in tankers , increasing the probability of large oil spills ; small oil spills created by large and small vessels, which flush bilge water into the ocean. Marine pollution occurs when substances used or spread by humans, such as industrial , agricultural and residential waste , particles , noise , excess carbon dioxide or invasive organisms enter
5544-415: Is extremely important to geologists. These provide vital clues for reconstructing the geography of ancient continents ( paleogeography ). The locations of these beds show the extent of ancient seas at particular points in geological time, and provide clues to the magnitudes of tides in the distant past. Sediments deposited in the shoreface are preserved as lenses of sandstone in which the upper part of
5670-408: Is more important. Macrotidal coasts lack barrier islands and lagoons , and are characterized by funnel-shaped estuaries containing sand ridges aligned with tidal currents. Wave action is much more important for determining bedforms of sediments deposited along mesotidal and microtidal coasts than in macrotidal coasts. Waves erode coastline as they break on shore releasing their energy; the larger
5796-423: Is moved along the coastline by the waves. This forms an abrasion or cliffed coast . Sediment deposited by rivers is the dominant influence on the amount of sediment located in the case of coastlines that have estuaries. Today, riverine deposition at the coast is often blocked by dams and other human regulatory devices, which remove the sediment from the stream by causing it to be deposited inland. Coral reefs are
5922-412: Is the counterintuitive observation that the coastline of a landmass does not have a well-defined length. This results from the fractal curve –like properties of coastlines; i.e., the fact that a coastline typically has a fractal dimension . Although the "paradox of length" was previously noted by Hugo Steinhaus , the first systematic study of this phenomenon was by Lewis Fry Richardson , and it
6048-462: The Aegean Sea . The following articles describe some coastal landforms: "Coastal waters" (or "coastal seas") is a rather general term used differently in different contexts, ranging geographically from the waters within a few kilometers of the coast, through to the entire continental shelf which may stretch for more than a hundred kilometers from land. Thus the term coastal waters is used in
6174-534: The Circle Repertory Company in fall 1986. In 1988, Moore starred as a prophecy-bearing mother in the apocalyptic drama The Seventh Sign —her first outing as a solo film star— and in 1989, she played the quick-witted local laundress and part time prostitute in Neil Jordan 's Depression -era allegory We're No Angels , opposite Robert De Niro . Moore's most successful film to date is
6300-523: The Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actress . Moore starred in the thriller The Juror (1996). It was a box office bomb and was heavily panned by critics. Moore produced and starred in a controversial miniseries for HBO called If These Walls Could Talk (1996), a three-part anthology about abortion alongside Sissy Spacek and Cher . Its screenwriter, Nancy Savoca , directed two segments, including one in which Moore played
6426-738: The Helena Rubinstein brand of cosmetics. In Emilio Estevez 's drama Bobby (2006), Moore portrayed an alcoholic singer whose career is on the downswing, as part of an ensemble cast, about the hours leading up to the Robert F. Kennedy assassination . As a member of the cast, she was nominated for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Cast in a Motion Picture . The film won the Hollywood Film Festival Award for Best Ensemble Cast. Moore had
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#17327765156166552-600: The Pepsi Refresh Celebrity Challenge. She chose to support the organization GEMS: Girls Educational & Mentoring Services, a nonprofit group which aims to empower young women who have been the victims of commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking. She traveled to Haiti with the Artists for Peace and Justice following the earthquake of 2010. She has also supported Chrysalis, a non-profit organization which offers employment opportunities to
6678-456: The US EPA considers this region to extend much further offshore. "Coastal waters" has specific meanings in the context of commercial coastal shipping , and somewhat different meanings in the context of naval littoral warfare . Oceanographers and marine biologists have yet other takes. Coastal waters have a wide range of marine habitats from enclosed estuaries to the open waters of
6804-617: The United Nations , about 44% of the human population lives within 150 km (93 mi) of the sea as of 2013 . Due to its importance in society and its high population concentrations, the coast is important for major parts of the global food and economic system, and they provide many ecosystem services to humankind. For example, important human activities happen in port cities. Coastal fisheries (commercial, recreational, and subsistence) and aquaculture are major economic activities and create jobs, livelihoods, and protein for
6930-686: The Western Interior Seaway , a shallow sea that flooded central North America during the late Cretaceous Period (about 100 to 66 million years ago). These are beautifully exposed along the Book Cliffs of Utah and Colorado . The following articles describe the various geologic processes that affect a coastal zone: Larger animals that live in coastal areas include puffins , sea turtles and rockhopper penguins , among many others. Sea snails and various kinds of barnacles live on rocky coasts and scavenge on food deposited by
7056-469: The ocean and cause harmful effects there. The majority of this waste (80%) comes from land-based activity, although marine transportation significantly contributes as well. It is a combination of chemicals and trash, most of which comes from land sources and is washed or blown into the ocean. This pollution results in damage to the environment, to the health of all organisms, and to economic structures worldwide. Since most inputs come from land, either via
7182-596: The ocean . Floating oceanic debris tends to accumulate at the center of gyres and on coastlines, frequently washing aground, when it is known as beach litter or tidewrack. Deliberate disposal of wastes at sea is called ocean dumping . Naturally occurring debris, such as driftwood and drift seeds , are also present. With the increasing use of plastic , human influence has become an issue as many types of (petrochemical) plastics do not biodegrade quickly, as would natural or organic materials. The largest single type of plastic pollution (~10%) and majority of large plastic in
7308-444: The rivers , sewage or the atmosphere, it means that continental shelves are more vulnerable to pollution. Air pollution is also a contributing factor by carrying off iron, carbonic acid, nitrogen , silicon, sulfur, pesticides or dust particles into the ocean. The pollution often comes from nonpoint sources such as agricultural runoff , wind-blown debris , and dust. These nonpoint sources are largely due to runoff that enters
7434-561: The 19th century, north Wales lacked good roads, so the sea was the easiest way to access many places. Porthdinllaen, on the northern coast of the Llŷn peninsula, with its sheltered north-facing bay, became important as a harbour of refuge and a busy port, with over 700 ships passing through the port in 1861. After storms in 1863, the local parish priest wrote to the Royal National Lifeboat Institution to request that
7560-773: The French use the term "Riviera" to refer to the Italian Riviera and call the French portion the "Côte d'Azur". As a result of the fame of the Ligurian rivieras, the term came into English to refer to any shoreline, especially one that is sunny, topographically diverse and popular with tourists. Such places using the term include the Australian Riviera in Queensland and the Turkish Riviera along
7686-541: The Hardcover Nonfiction best-sellers list. In 2020, Moore played Piper Griffin, the matriarch of a powerful family "who will stop at nothing to protect her family and her way of life" in the pandemic-themed thriller produced by Michael Bay , Songbird , alongside Craig Robinson , Paul Walter Hauser and Peter Stormare . Moore has a leading role as Diana in Amazon 's drama series, Dirty Diana , which
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#17327765156167812-590: The Madryn estate to build a bigger pier, but the estate refused. The first steamer , the Vale of Clwyd , did not therefore enter service until 1832. Apart from goods intended for the local population and the farmers, Porthdinllaen imported large quantities of salt to create the Nefyn herring . At first mostly small sloops were built in Porthdinllaen but in response to the demand for bigger ships schooners and
7938-546: The United Nations has declared 2021–2030 the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration , but restoration of coastal ecosystems has received insufficient attention. Since coasts are constantly changing, a coastline's exact perimeter cannot be determined; this measurement challenge is called the coastline paradox . The term coastal zone is used to refer to a region where interactions of sea and land processes occur. Both
8064-595: The age of 18, Moore married singer Freddy Moore , then 30 and recently divorced from his first wife, Lucy. Before their marriage, Demi had already begun using Freddy's surname as her stage name . The pair separated in 1983, after which Demi had a relationship with Timothy Hutton . She filed for divorce from Freddy in September 1984; it was finalized on August 7, 1985. Moore was then engaged to actor Emilio Estevez , with whom she co-starred in St. Elmo's Fire and Wisdom ,
8190-571: The average sea level rose by 15–25 cm (6–10 in), with an increase of 2.3 mm (0.091 in) per year since the 1970s. This was faster than the sea level had ever risen over at least the past 3,000 years. The rate accelerated to 4.62 mm (0.182 in)/yr for the decade 2013–2022. Climate change due to human activities is the main cause. Between 1993 and 2018, melting ice sheets and glaciers accounted for 44% of sea level rise , with another 42% resulting from thermal expansion of water . International attention to address
8316-417: The average wind wave and swell conditions are relatively mild. Low energy coasts typically change slowly, and tend to be depositional environments. High energy coasts are exposed to the direct impact of waves and storms, and are generally erosional environments. High energy storm events can make large changes to a coastline, and can move significant amounts of sediment over a short period, sometimes changing
8442-419: The body horror film The Substance (2024). Moore's television work includes the anthology If These Walls Could Talk (1996), the series Empire (2015–2017), and the miniseries Feud: Capote vs. The Swans (2024). Moore has been married three times. From 1981 to 1985, she was married to musician Freddy Moore . From 1987 to 2000, she was married to Bruce Willis , with whom she has three daughters. She
8568-442: The box office and were blockbuster hits. By 1995 Moore was the highest paid actress. However, she subsequently had a string of unsuccessful films starting with The Scarlet Letter (1995), a "freely adapted" version of the historical romance novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne , in which her portrayal of Hester Prynne was met with harsh criticism. The coming-of-age drama Now and Then (1995) found moderate box office success. Moore
8694-461: The coast of Wales and other countries. Coastal fish , also called inshore fish or neritic fish, inhabit the sea between the shoreline and the edge of the continental shelf . Since the continental shelf is usually less than 200 metres (660 ft) deep, it follows that pelagic coastal fish are generally epipelagic fish , inhabiting the sunlit epipelagic zone . Coastal fish can be contrasted with oceanic fish or offshore fish , which inhabit
8820-812: The coast. Estuarine and marine coastal ecosystems are both marine ecosystems . Together, these ecosystems perform the four categories of ecosystem services in a variety of ways: The provisioning services include forest products, marine products, fresh water , raw materials, biochemical and genetic resources. Regulating services include carbon sequestration (contributing to climate change mitigation ) as well as waste treatment and disease regulation and buffer zones. Supporting services of coastal ecosystems include nutrient cycling , biologically mediated habitats and primary production . Cultural services of coastal ecosystems include inspirational aspects, recreation and tourism , science and education. According to one principle of classification, an emergent coastline
8946-567: The continental shelf. Similarly, the term littoral zone has no single definition. It is the part of a sea , lake , or river that is close to the shore . In coastal environments, the littoral zone extends from the high water mark , which is rarely inundated, to shoreline areas that are permanently submerged . Coastal waters can be threatened by coastal eutrophication and harmful algal blooms . The identification of bodies of rock formed from sediments deposited in shoreline and nearshore environments (shoreline and nearshore facies )
9072-528: The cover of the January 1981 issue of the adult magazine Oui , taken from a photo session in which she had posed nude. In a 1988 interview, Moore claimed she "only posed for the cover of Oui —I was 16; I told them I was 18". Interviewer Alan Carter said, "However, some peekaboo shots did appear inside. And later, nude shots of her turned up in Celebrity Sleuth —photos that she once said 'were for
9198-400: The dangerous world of international sex trafficking. She portrayed Lucy, a superficial CEO in the comedy horror film Corporate Animals (2019), which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival . Moore's memoir, Inside Out , was published in 2019, by HarperCollins . The book reached number one on The New York Times ' Combined Print & E-Book Nonfiction best-sellers list and
9324-555: The deep seas beyond the continental shelves. Many coastal areas are famous for their kelp beds. Kelp is a fast-growing seaweed that can grow up to half a meter a day in ideal conditions. Mangroves , seagrasses , macroalgal beds, and salt marsh are important coastal vegetation types in tropical and temperate environments respectively. Restinga is another type of coastal vegetation. Coasts also face many human-induced environmental impacts and coastal development hazards . The most important ones are: The pollution of coastlines
9450-447: The divorce, Moore maintains a close friendship with Willis and his current spouse Emma Heming Willis , and has assisted her and their respective children with caretaking for Willis as his health has declined. Moore had a three-year romance with martial arts instructor Oliver Whitcomb, whom she dated from 1999 to 2002. In 2003, Moore began dating actor Ashton Kutcher . Soon after they began dating, Moore became pregnant and she suffered
9576-403: The documentary, Moore talked to Nepal's prime minister, Jhalanath Khanal , and young girls who were forced into prostitution before being saved by a Nepalese nonprofit. Moore appeared on PETA 's Worst-Dressed List in 2009 for wearing fur; two years later she supported the group's efforts to ban circus workers' use of bullhooks on elephants. In 2009, Moore and Kutcher launched DNA Foundation,
9702-513: The family moved again to West Hollywood, California , where Moore's mother took a job working for a magazine distribution company. Moore attended Fairfax High School there. In 2019, she stated she was raped at 15 by landlord Basil Doumas, then 49. Doumas claimed he had paid Moore's mother to get access to Moore to rape her, although Moore said it is unclear if this were true. In November 1978, Moore moved in with 28-year-old guitarist Tom Dunston, quitting high school in her junior year to work as
9828-465: The film four out of four stars and praised her performance, writing, "There isn't a romantic note she isn't required to play in this movie, and she plays them all flawlessly." The success of About Last Night... was unrivaled by Moore's other two 1986 releases, One Crazy Summer and Wisdom , the last youth-oriented films in which she would star. Moore made her professional stage debut in an off-Broadway production of The Early Girl , which ran at
9954-407: The film. At one point, Ghost and Die Hard 2 , starring Moore's then-husband Bruce Willis , would occupy the number one and number two spots at the box office, a feat that would not be accomplished again for a married Hollywood couple until 2024. In 1991 Moore starred in the horror comedy Nothing but Trouble , co-produced and appeared in the mystery thriller Mortal Thoughts , and played
10080-526: The first woman to undergo training in the Navy SEALs in Ridley Scott 's G.I. Jane (1997). Budgeted at US$ 50 million, the film was a moderate commercial success, with a worldwide gross of US$ 97.1 million. During the production of G.I. Jane , it was reported that Moore had ordered studio chiefs to charter two planes for her entourage and her, which reinforced her negative reputation for being
10206-431: The front cover of Vogue (Portugal, France and US). Moore has appeared in commercials and print ads throughout her career. She has appeared in television commercials for Keds , Oscar Mayer , Diet Coke , Lux, Jog Mate and Seibu Department Stores , and print ads for Versace and Ann Taylor . In August 1991, Moore appeared nude on the cover of Vanity Fair under the title More Demi Moore . Annie Leibovitz shot
10332-583: The homeless. Moore became a special contributor to the CNN Freedom Project and traveled to Nepal to meet with 2010 CNN Hero of the Year Anuradha Koirala and her organization, Maiti Nepal , which has rescued more than 12,000 stolen Nepalese children from sex trafficking since 1993. Moore was the narrator and anchor of CNN 's documentary on child trafficking, called Nepal's Stolen Children, which aired on June 26, 2011. In
10458-789: The human uses of the coast and threaten coastal ecosystems. The interactive effects of climate change, habitat destruction , overfishing , and water pollution (especially eutrophication ) have led to the demise of coastal ecosystem around the globe. This has resulted in population collapse of fisheries stocks, loss of biodiversity , increased invasion of alien species , and loss of healthy habitats. International attention to these issues has been captured in Sustainable Development Goal 14 "Life Below Water", which sets goals for international policy focused on preserving marine coastal ecosystems and supporting more sustainable economic practices for coastal communities. Likewise,
10584-719: The initial stages of the financial crisis of 2007–08 in the critically acclaimed corporate drama Margin Call (2011), where she was part of an ensemble cast that included Kevin Spacey , Simon Baker , and Paul Bettany . The cast garnered nominations for the "Best Ensemble" award from the Gotham Awards , the Phoenix Film Critics Society and the Central Ohio Film Critics Association. Also in 2011, Moore received
10710-410: The majority of coastal human populations. Other coastal spaces like beaches and seaside resorts generate large revenues through tourism . Marine coastal ecosystems can also provide protection against sea level rise and tsunamis . In many countries, mangroves are the primary source of wood for fuel (e.g. charcoal ) and building material. Coastal ecosystems like mangroves and seagrasses have
10836-743: The majority- Muslim nation. In August 1992, Moore again appeared nude on the cover of Vanity Fair, this time modeling for body painting artist Joanne Gair in Demi's Birthday Suit . In October 2019, she posed nude on the cover of Harper's Bazaar . Moore has supported numerous charities, including All Day Foundation, American Foundation for AIDS Research , Artists for Peace and Justice , Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking , Declare Yourself , Free The Slaves , Healthy Child Healthy World , Raising Malawi , The Art of Elysium and UNICEF . In 2010, Moore defeated Kevin Bacon to win $ 250,000 in
10962-673: The margins of the continental shelves , make up about 7 percent of the Earth's oceans, but at least 85% of commercially harvested fish depend on coastal environments during at least part of their life cycle. As of October 2010, about 2.86% of exclusive economic zones were part of marine protected areas . The definition of coasts varies. Marine scientists think of the "wet" (aquatic or intertidal ) vegetated habitats as being coastal ecosystems (including seagrass, salt marsh etc.) whilst some terrestrial scientists might only think of coastal ecosystems as purely terrestrial plants that live close to
11088-587: The microplastics go through the water filtration system and into the ocean, but because of their small size they are likely to escape capture by the preliminary treatment screens on wastewater plants. These beads are harmful to the organisms in the ocean, especially filter feeders, because they can easily ingest the plastic and become sick. The microplastics are such a concern because it is difficult to clean them up due to their size, so humans can try to avoid using these harmful plastics by purchasing products that use environmentally safe exfoliates. Between 1901 and 2018,
11214-507: The more resistant rocks erode more slowly, remaining as headlands or outcroppings . Parts of a coastline can be categorised as high energy coast or low energy coast. The distinguishing characteristics of a high energy coast are that the average wave energy is relatively high so that erosion of small grained material tends to exceed deposition, and consequently landforms like cliffs, headlands and wave-cut terraces develop. Low energy coasts are generally sheltered from waves, or in regions where
11340-429: The occasional brigantine were built there, such as in 1786 the 95-ton brigantine Maria and in 1866 the 287-ton barque Robert Jones . In 1876 the 149-ton brigantine Annie Lloyd was the last vessel built there. After the failure of the proposal to create a point of embarkation to Ireland, various proposals were made to build railways to serve the harbour at Porthdinllaen. However, none was eventually constructed: In
11466-441: The ocean through rivers, but wind-blown debris and dust can also play a role, as these pollutants can settle into waterways and oceans. Pathways of pollution include direct discharge, land runoff, ship pollution , bilge pollution , atmospheric pollution and, potentially, deep sea mining . Marine debris , also known as marine litter, is human-created solid material that has deliberately or accidentally been released in seas or
11592-485: The oceans is discarded and lost nets from the fishing industry. Waterborne plastic poses a serious threat to fish , seabirds , marine reptiles , and marine mammals , as well as to boats and coasts. A growing concern regarding plastic pollution in the marine ecosystem is the use of microplastics. Microplastics are beads of plastic less than 5 millimeters wide, and they are commonly found in hand soaps, face cleansers, and other exfoliators. When these products are used,
11718-464: The parody, the model's body was attached to what is described as "the guilty and smirking face" of Nielsen. The teaser said "Due this March." The case was dismissed in 1996 because the parody relied "for its comic effect on the contrast between the original." In November 2009, the Moroccan magazine Femmes du Maroc emulated the pose with Moroccan news reporter Nadia Larguet, causing controversy in
11844-494: The photograph as a symbol of empowerment . The photograph was subject to numerous parodies, including the Spy Magazine version, which placed Moore's then-husband Bruce Willis 's head on the body of a male model with a false belly. In Leibovitz v. Paramount Pictures Corp. , Leibovitz sued over one parody featuring Leslie Nielsen , made to promote the 1994 film Naked Gun 33 + 1 ⁄ 3 : The Final Insult . In
11970-415: The picture while Moore was seven months pregnant with her second child, Scout LaRue Willis, intending to portray "anti-Hollywood, anti-glitz" attitude. The cover drew a lot of attention, being discussed on television, radio, and in newspaper articles. The frankness of Leibovitz's portrayal of a pregnant sex symbol led to divided opinions, ranging from suggestions of sexual objectification to celebrations of
12096-715: The predatory behavior of those who abuse and traffic children, solicit sex with children or create and share child pornography ". Thorn: Digital Defenders of Children, assisted law enforcement in identifying 5,894 child sex trafficking victims and rescuing 103 children from "situations where their sexual abuse was recorded and distributed" in 2017, according to the organization's 2017 impact report. In 2018, Los Angeles-based nonprofit organization, Visionary Women honored Moore with its inaugural Visionary Woman Award for her work to combat human trafficking. In 2022, Thorn found 824,466 child sexual abuse material files and identified 1,895 victims of child sexual abuse. On February 8, 1981, at
12222-464: The recurring role of a take-charge nurse with a mysterious past. The comedy film Rough Night (2017) featured Moore as one half of a nymphomaniac couple seducing a member of a bachelorette party gone wrong. The film opened to mixed reviews and lukewarm box office. She played Selma in the Indian drama film Love Sonia (2018), which tells the story of a young girl's journey to rescue her sister from
12348-454: The romantic drama film LOL (2012). She played a similar mother role in her next film, the likewise coming-of-age dramedy Very Good Girls (2013), which co-starred Dakota Fanning and Elizabeth Olsen . Her part as an old flame of a quick-draw killer in the Western drama Forsaken (2015), with Donald Sutherland and Kiefer Sutherland , was followed by the role of the daughter of
12474-416: The sandstone is coarser than the lower part (a coarsening upwards sequence ). Geologists refer to these are parasequences . Each records an episode of retreat of the ocean from the shoreline over a period of 10,000 to 1,000,000 years. These often show laminations reflecting various kinds of tidal cycles. Some of the best-studied shoreline deposits in the world are found along the former western shore of
12600-579: The sea. Some coastal animals are used to humans in developed areas, such as dolphins and seagulls who eat food thrown for them by tourists. Since the coastal areas are all part of the littoral zone , there is a profusion of marine life found just off-coast, including sessile animals such as corals , sponges, starfish, mussels, seaweeds, fishes, and sea anemones . There are many kinds of seabirds on various coasts. These include pelicans and cormorants , who join up with terns and oystercatchers to forage for fish and shellfish. There are sea lions on
12726-401: The seashore (see also estuaries and coastal ecosystems ). While there is general agreement in the scientific community regarding the definition of coast, in the political sphere, the delineation of the extents of a coast differ according to jurisdiction . Government authorities in various countries may define coast differently for economic and social policy reasons. The coastline paradox
12852-427: The second principle of classification, a concordant coastline is a coastline where bands of different rock types run parallel to the shore. These rock types are usually of varying resistance , so the coastline forms distinctive landforms, such as coves. Discordant coastlines feature distinctive landforms because the rocks are eroded by the ocean waves . The less resistant rocks erode faster, creating inlets or bay ;
12978-599: The series, she made an uncredited cameo appearance in the 1982 spoof Young Doctors in Love . Moore's film career took off in 1984 following her appearance in the sex comedy Blame It on Rio . She then played the female lead in No Small Affair (1984), opposite Jon Cryer . Her commercial breakthrough came in Joel Schumacher 's yuppie drama St. Elmo's Fire (1985), which received negative reviews, but
13104-404: The slope than up it. Steep waves that are close together and break with the surf plunging down onto the shore slope expend much of their energy lifting the sediment. The weak swash does not carry it far up the slope, and the strong backwash carries it further down the slope, where it either settles in deeper water or is carried along the shore by a longshore current induced by an angled approach of
13230-400: The supernatural romantic melodrama Ghost , which grossed over US$ 505 million at the box office and was the highest-grossing film of 1990, as well as the most rented videocassette of 1991. She played a young woman in jeopardy to be protected by the ghost of her murdered boyfriend through the help of a reluctant psychic. The love scene between Moore and Patrick Swayze that starts in front of
13356-758: The terms coast and coastal are often used to describe a geographic location or region located on a coastline (e.g., New Zealand's West Coast , or the East , West , and Gulf Coast of the United States .) Coasts with a narrow continental shelf that are close to the open ocean are called pelagic coast , while other coasts are more sheltered coast in a gulf or bay . A shore , on the other hand, may refer to parts of land adjoining any large body of water, including oceans (sea shore) and lakes (lake shore). The Earth has approximately 620,000 kilometres (390,000 mi) of coastline. Coastal habitats, which extend to
13482-565: The threats of coasts has been captured in Sustainable Development Goal 14 "Life Below Water" which sets goals for international policy focused on preserving marine coastal ecosystems and supporting more sustainable economic practices for coastal communities. Likewise, the United Nations has declared 2021–2030 the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration , but restoration of coastal ecosystems has received insufficient attention. Demi Moore Demi Gene Moore ( / d ə ˈ m iː / də- MEE ; née Guynes ; born November 11, 1962)
13608-469: The time leader of the band Boy , at the Los Angeles nightclub The Troubadour . He obtained a divorce in late 1980 and married Demi six weeks later. Moore co-wrote three songs with Freddy Moore and appeared in the music video for their selection "It's Not a Rumor", performed by his band, The Nu-Kats . She continues to receive royalty checks from her songwriting work (1980–1981). Moore appeared on
13734-444: The time. Producers for Striptease and G.I. Jane got into a bidding war to see who could get Moore to film first. Striptease won and Moore became the highest paid actress in Hollywood in 1995. "She became a pioneer for other actresses by being the first female lead to demand the same salary, benefits and billing as her male counterparts," Lifetime wrote. "Her screen persona always has something indestructible about it. There's
13860-526: The virtual world.. exchanging thoughts and ideas, when in the physical world we might never have the opportunity to cross paths," Moore told Harper's Bazaar . As of February 2024, Moore has 5 million Instagram followers. Moore has graced the cover of numerous international fashion magazines, including France's Elle ; UK's Grazia ; US' W , Vanity Fair , Interview , Rolling Stone , Glamour and InStyle ; Australia's Harper's Bazaar and Turkey's Marie Claire . She has also appeared on
13986-487: The wave the more energy it releases and the more sediment it moves. Coastlines with longer shores have more room for the waves to disperse their energy, while coasts with cliffs and short shore faces give little room for the wave energy to be dispersed. In these areas, the wave energy breaking against the cliffs is higher, and air and water are compressed into cracks in the rock, forcing the rock apart, breaking it down. Sediment deposited by waves comes from eroded cliff faces and
14112-476: The wave-front to the shore. These waves which erode the beach are called destructive waves. Low waves that are further apart and break by spilling , expend more of their energy in the swash which carries particles up the beach, leaving less energy for the backwash to transport them downslope, with a net constrictive influence on the beach. Riviera is an Italian word for "shoreline", ultimately derived from Latin ripa ("riverbank"). It came to be applied as
14238-407: The waves surge up the river estuaries from the ocean. Geologists classify coasts on the basis of tidal range into macrotidal coasts with a tidal range greater than 4 m (13 ft); mesotidal coasts with a tidal range of 2 to 4 m (6.6 to 13 ft); and microtidal coasts with a tidal range of less than 2 m (7 ft). The distinction between macrotidal and mesotidal coasts
14364-469: The whole ocean system are ultimately connected, although certain regional classifications are useful and relevant. The waters of the continental shelves represent such a region. The term "coastal waters" has been used in a wide variety of different ways in different contexts. In European Union environmental management it extends from the coast to just a few nautical miles while in the United States
14490-482: The world's people live in coastal regions. According to a United Nations atlas, 44% of all people live within 150 km (93 mi) of the sea. Many major cities are on or near good harbors and have port facilities. Some landlocked places have achieved port status by building canals . Nations defend their coasts against military invaders, smugglers and illegal migrants. Fixed coastal defenses have long been erected in many nations, and coastal countries typically have
14616-461: Was a box office success and brought Moore widespread recognition. Because of her association with that film, Moore was often listed as part of the Brat Pack , a label she felt was "demeaning". She progressed to more serious material with About Last Night... (1986), co-starring Rob Lowe , which marked a positive turning point in her career, as Moore noted that, following its release, she began seeing better scripts. Film critic Roger Ebert gave
14742-670: Was born in Richmond, California but had grown up in Roswell. Moore's maternal grandmother was raised on a farm in Elida, New Mexico . Moore has deep roots in the South Central and Southern United States , particularly Oklahoma, Arkansas and Georgia. When Moore was three months old, her mother married Dan Guynes, a newspaper advertising salesman who frequently changed jobs; as a result, the family moved many times. In 1967 they had Moore's half-brother Morgan. Moore said in 1991, "My dad
14868-441: Was expanded upon by Benoit Mandelbrot . Tides often determine the range over which sediment is deposited or eroded. Areas with high tidal ranges allow waves to reach farther up the shore, and areas with lower tidal ranges produce deposition at a smaller elevation interval. The tidal range is influenced by the size and shape of the coastline. Tides do not typically cause erosion by themselves; however, tidal bores can erode as
14994-481: Was finalized. Moore claims that her good health is due to a raw vegan diet. Moore was at one point a follower of Philip Berg 's Kabbalah Centre religion, and initiated Kutcher into the faith, having said that she "didn't grow up Jewish, but [...] would say that [she has] been more exposed to the deeper meanings of particular rituals than any of [her] friends that did." She is no longer affiliated with Berg's organization. According to The New York Times , Moore
15120-539: Was formed in 1808 in preparation, by the Jones Parry family of the Madryn estate (the company's assets included the village and the harbour), but the bill before Parliament to constitute Porthdinllaen as a harbour for Irish trade was rejected in 1810. Pig farming was important to the economy of the Llŷn Peninsula, and Porthdinllaen was the main point of export to Liverpool . In 1830, the farmers and merchants asked
15246-444: Was largely highlighted upon its theatrical release, with critics concluding that it "benefits from its timely satire of consumer culture—as well as a pair of strong performances" from Duchovny and Moore. In Bunraku (2010), a film Moore described as a "big action adventure," she played a courtesan and a femme fatale with a secret past. Moore portrayed a chief risk management officer at a large Wall Street investment bank during
15372-473: Was married to Ashton Kutcher from 2005 to 2013. Her memoir Inside Out (2019) became a New York Times Best Seller . Moore was born November 11, 1962, in Roswell, New Mexico . Her biological father, Air Force airman Charles Foster Harmon Sr., deserted her then-18-year-old mother, Virginia (née King), after a two-month marriage before Moore's birth. Charles came from Lanett, Alabama , and Virginia
15498-474: Was not her real father at age 13, when she discovered a marriage certificate and inquired about the circumstances since she "saw my parents were married in February 1963. I was born in '62." At age 14, Moore returned to her hometown of Roswell and lived with her grandmother for six months before relocating to Washington state, where her recently separated mother was residing near Seattle. Several months later,
15624-402: Was originally a fishing port, based around a natural harbour at the west end of a bay over a mile and a quarter (2 km) across, and with over one hundred acres (40 hectares) of safe anchorage. The harbour is sheltered by a headland jutting out to the north from all but a north-easterly wind, and as the only such haven on the Llŷn Peninsula, it has been used for many centuries of trading, and as
15750-419: Was paid a record-breaking salary of US$ 12.5 million in 1996 to star in Striptease . Much hoopla was made over Moore's willingness to dance topless for the part, though this was the sixth time she had shown her breasts on film. The film opened to overwhelmingly negative reviews with Moore's performance being criticised. It was a moderate financial success, grossing US$ 113 million worldwide, and Moore received
15876-516: Was the 3-D sci-fi horror Parasite (1982), for which director Charles Band had instructed casting director Johanna Ray to "find me the next Karen Allen ." It proved to be a minor hit on the drive-in circuit, ultimately grossing $ 7 million. Moore had already joined the cast of the ABC soap opera General Hospital several months before the film's release, playing the role of investigative reporter Jackie Templeton through 1983. During her tenure on
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