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22-524: A postman is a mail carrier , a person delivering post. Postman , The Postman , or Postmen may refer to: Mail carrier A mail carrier , also referred to as a mailman , mailwoman , mailperson , postal carrier , postman , postwoman , postperson , person of post , letter carrier (in American English ), or colloquially postie (in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and

44-458: A City Carrier Assistant (CCA). Rural carriers are hired as Rural Carrier Associate (RCA) carriers, without benefits. There is normally an RCA assigned to each rural route and they usually work less frequently than city CCAs. As a result, there are thousands of RCA positions that go unfilled for a lack of applicants and so are covered by other RCAs until the hiring improves for the hiring process explained). Highway Contract Route carriers are hired by

66-471: A customer's door. However, now that former rural areas are being urbanized, their routes are growing very similar to mounted "city routes." Rural carriers often use their own vehicles and are not required to wear a uniform. Because of urbanization around cities and because rural carriers deliver mail at less cost to the Postal Service, the rural carrier craft is the only craft in the Postal Service that

88-410: A form of salary called "evaluated hours", usually with overtime built into their pay. The evaluated hours are created by having all mail counted for a period of two or four weeks, and a formula used to create the set dollar amount they will be paid for each day worked until the next time the route is counted. Highway Contract Routes are awarded to the lowest bidder, and that person then either carries

110-611: A relation to William Cave Johnson of Boone County, Kentucky . He was studying at Cumberland College when the War of 1812 began, and organized a band of volunteers that Andrew Jackson declined. In 1813 he joined his father's militia unit in the Creek War , returning to Nashville the next year to complete law studies in the firm of Parry Wayne Humphreys . Johnson settled in Clarksville and served on its first board of aldermen. At

132-406: Is confirmed. In cases where mail carriers do not have assigned vehicles, they may also get undelivered mail from relay boxes placed along their routes. Rural carriers typically work routes that have a lower density and higher mileage than those of letter carriers. They all work mounted routes, leaving their vehicles only to deliver to group mailboxes or to deliver an article that must be taken to

154-465: Is growing. Highway Contract Route carriers work routes that were established with a density of less than one customer per mile driven (some later become denser and can then be converted to rural delivery). They are only mounted routes, and all HCR carriers use their own vehicle. These routes are typically found in outlying areas, or around very small communities. The three types of mail carriers are also hired quite differently. A new letter carrier begins as

176-666: The United States , there are three types of mail carriers: City Letter Carriers, who are represented by the National Association of Letter Carriers ; Rural Carriers , who are represented by the National Rural Letter Carriers' Association ; and Highway Contract Route carriers, who are independent contractors. While union membership is voluntary, city carriers are organized nearly 93 percent nationally. Letter carriers are paid hourly with

198-536: The Post Office while enriching those who held preferential information access, but his fellow Democrats were unreceptive. He later served as a state circuit court judge and as president of the Third Bank of Tennessee from 1854 to 1860. During the secession crisis he joined the short-lived Union Party that sought to keep Tennessee loyal to the federal government. He joined in drafting an address that urged

220-540: The United Kingdom ), is an employee of a post office or postal service who delivers mail and parcel post to residences and businesses. The term "mail carrier" came to be used as a gender-neutral substitute for "mailman" soon after women began performing the job. In the Royal Mail , the official name changed from "letter carrier" to "postman" in 1883, and "postwoman" has also been used for many years. In

242-588: The carrier force. Famous real-life letter carriers include: The coat of arms of Daugailiai , Lithuania features a postman playing post horn . Cave Johnson Johnson was born near present-day Springfield, Tennessee to Robert and Mary Noel Johnson. He was named for Rev. Richard Cave, a Baptist minister in the Travelling Church with whom Mary's mother, also named Mary Noel, had been acquainted in Kentucky. He suspected but could never prove

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264-502: The day and mail volume projections from the DOIS (Delivery Operations Information System) computer program. Routes are adjusted and/or eliminated based on information (length, time, and overall workload) also controlled by this program, consultations with the carrier assigned to the route, and a current PS Form 3999 (street observation by a postal supervisor to determine accurate times spent on actual delivery of mail). Rural carriers are under

286-485: The full term. He shifted the department from a collect on delivery system to a prepaid system by introducing the adhesive postage stamp in 1847. Johnson's duties included overseeing operation of the Baltimore–Washington line, which he struggled to make profitable as other private telegraph lines were constructed. He urged that telegraph lines not be left in unregulated private hands, concerned that they would ruin

308-485: The idea by introducing a rider to fund research into animal magnetism . After the line was successfully demonstrated he apologized to Morse, calling the telegraph an "astonishing invention". Johnson acted as a campaign manager for presidential candidate James K. Polk at both the Democratic party convention and for the general election. After his victory Polk appointed him Postmaster General , which he held during

330-580: The logo of the United States Postal Service on the side and deliver to curbside and building affixed mailboxes . Carriers who walk generally also drive postal vehicles to their routes, park at a specified location, and carry one "loop" of mail, up one side of the street and back down the other side, until they are back to their vehicle. This method of delivery is referred to as "park and loop". Letter carriers may also accommodate alternate delivery points if "extreme physical hardship"

352-577: The mail between Charlestown Md P.O. & the Rail Road "daily or as often as requisite at $ 48 per annum". For at least two years Black served as a mail messenger, ferrying the mail between Charlestown's train depot and its post office." At least two women, Susanna A. Brunner in New York and Minnie Westman in Oregon, were known to be mail carriers in the 1880s. Mary Fields , nicknamed "Stagecoach Mary",

374-429: The potential for overtime. Letter carriers are also subject to "pivoting" on a daily basis. When a carrier's assigned route will take less than 8 hours to complete, management may "pivot" the said carrier to work on another route to fill that carrier up to 8 hours. It is a tool that postal management uses to redistribute and eliminate overtime costs, based on consultation with the carrier about his/her estimated workload for

396-402: The route themselves or hires carriers to fulfill their contract to deliver the mail. Letter carriers typically work urban routes that are high density and low mileage. Such routes are classified as either "mounted" routes (for those that require a vehicle) or "walking" routes (for those that are done on foot). When working a mounted route, letter carriers usually drive distinctive white vans with

418-845: The state to remain in the Union while refusing to participate in coercive measures against the Confederacy . Failing in this effort, he sided with the Confederacy but took no personal part in the war. After the Battle of Fort Donelson brought Clarksville under Union control, Johnson was one of three spokesmen who greeted the administering Union officer. He was elected to the state Senate in 1866, but allies of Republican Governor William G. Brownlow refused to seat him. Johnson proposed to Elizabeth Dortch in 1815. She rejected him for another suitor, embarrassing him so deeply that he dared not pursue

440-523: The time of his first election to Congress in 1829, he owned an iron factory that employed both free and enslaved black workers. He advocated legal protection of slavery under the federal constitution, believing that this would prevent "moderate" southerners from being overwhelmed by secessionist Fire-Eaters . Samuel Morse 's proposal for the Baltimore–Washington telegraph line came before Congress for funding during Johnson's tenure. Johnson mocked

462-574: The winning bidder for that route. They are not United States Postal Service employees and normally receive lower pay than carriers on city or rural routes. Women have been transporting mail in the United States since the late 1800s. According to the United States Post Office archive, "the first known appointment of a woman to carry mail was on 3 April 1845, when Postmaster General Cave Johnson appointed Sarah Black to carry

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484-750: Was the first black woman to work for the USPS, driving a stagecoach in Montana from 1895 until the early 1900s. When aviation introduced airmail , the first woman mail pilot was Katherine Stinson who dropped mailbags from her plane at the Montana State Fair in September 1913. The first women city carriers were appointed in World War I and by 2007, about 59,700 women served as city carriers and 36,600 as rural carriers representing 40 per cent of

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