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129-478: Elections as Leader Defunct Defunct Pauline Lee Hanson ( née Seccombe , formerly Zagorski ; born 27 May 1954) is an Australian politician who is the founder and leader of One Nation , a right-wing populist political party. Hanson has represented Queensland in the Australian Senate since the 2016 Federal Election . Hanson ran a fish and chip shop before entering politics in 1994 as

258-620: A Reclaim Australia rally. Hanson won a seat in the Senate at the election, and One Nation won 9% of the vote in Queensland. According to the rules governing the allocation of Senate seats following a double dissolution , Hanson served a full six-year term. Hanson secured a spot on the National Broadband Network parliamentary committee. After being elected to the parliament, she and other One Nation senators voted with

387-405: A Senate seat—which, by most accounts, she would have been heavily tipped to win—she opted to contest Blair. Despite its very large notional Liberal majority (18.7 percent), most of her base was now located there. Hanson launched her 1998 election campaign with a focus on jobs, rather than a focus on race/ethnicity or on "the people" against "the elites". Instead Hanson focused on unemployment and

516-667: A fish and chip shop in Ipswich, Queensland , in which Hanson and her siblings worked from a young age, preparing meals and taking orders. At an older age, she assisted her parents with more administrative work in bookkeeping and sales ledgering . Hanson worked at Woolworths before working in the office administration of Taylors Elliotts Ltd , a subsidiary of Drug Houses of Australia (now Bickford's Australia ), where she handled clerical bookkeeping and secretarial work. She left Taylors Elliotts during her first pregnancy. In 1978, Hanson (then Pauline Zagorski) met Mark Hanson,

645-506: A 400-pound bag of sand, or submit a certification record prior to its initial use. Warning lines systems consist of ropes, wires, or chains which are marked every 6 feet with high-visibility material, and must be supported in such a way so that it is between 34 and 39 inches above the walking/working surface. Warning lines are passive systems that allow for a perimeter to be formed around the working area so that workers are aware of dangerous edges. Warning lines are only permitted on roofs with

774-461: A PFAS is to halt a fall and prevent the worker from making bodily contact with a surface below. The PFAS consists of an anchorage, connectors, body harness and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline or suitable combination of these. Beyond these mandatory components of the PFAS, there are also specific fall distances associated with the functioning of the arrest system. Specifically, there

903-674: A Qatar government backed news agency and announced that she had filed a complaint with the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation . Similar sentiments were echoed by the One Nation officials, James Ashby and Steve Dickson, who were featured in the documentary. In response to the documentary, the Australian Electoral Commission said that none of the activities shown in the documentary violated section 326 of

1032-431: A Senate motion brought by the party stating "it is OK to be white" was defeated 31–28 in a vote. The government expressed regret at the support the vote received, blaming it to an administrative error in which its senators were mistakenly instructed to vote positively. Critics noted that the phrase " it's OK to be white " has been associated with white supremacist rhetoric. Former Labor Party leader Mark Latham joined

1161-563: A Senate seat from Queensland, despite polling a strong 10% of the primary vote. Hanson also failed to win a seat in the New South Wales Legislative Council . In 2001, disendorsed One Nation candidate Terry Sharples accused the party of not having the 500 members needed for registration, and called for the party to be deregistered, which was carried by the Supreme Court. Hanson appealed the verdict but

1290-747: A broadly populist and nationalist platform. It promises to drastically reduce immigration and to abolish "divisive and discriminatory policies ... attached to Aboriginal and multicultural affairs", condemning multiculturalism as a "threat to the very basis of the Australian culture, identity and shared values". During its inception, One Nation rallied against Liberal and Labor immigration and multicultural policies which, it argued, were leading to "the Asianisation of Australia." The party denounces economic rationalism and globalisation . Adopting strong protectionist policies, One Nation advocates

1419-526: A call for the return of high-tariff protectionism , and criticism of economic rationalism . Her speech was delivered uninterrupted by her fellow parliamentarians as it was the courtesy given to MPs delivering their maiden speeches. In February 1997, Hanson, David Oldfield and David Ettridge founded the Pauline Hanson's One Nation political party. Disenchanted rural voters attended her meetings in regional centres across Australia as she consolidated

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1548-687: A competent person and must be used on stable and level surfaces unless they are secured to prevent displacement. Nearly every industrialized country has established specific safety regulations for work on the roof, ranging from the use of conventional fall protection systems including personal fall arrest systems, guardrail systems, and safety nets. The European Agency for Safety and Health at Work describes scenarios of risk (fall prevention, falling materials, types of roofs), precautions, training needed and European legislation focused on roof work. European directives set minimum standards for health and safety and are transposed into law in all Member States. In

1677-594: A copy of the party's Western Australian "candidate agreement" form for this election, which all candidates had to sign. It includes an "administration fee" of $ 250,000 if an elected candidate subsequently leaves the party. One Nation previously formed a 'conservative bloc' with the Liberal Democratic Party and Shooters, Fishers and Farmers Party in the Western Australia Legislative Council . On 27 October 2017,

1806-482: A corner, to mock its religious garments is an appalling thing to do." Following the incident, polling found that 57% of Australians supported Hanson's call to ban the burka in public places, with 44% "strongly" supporting a ban. In August 2017, the party's constitution was changed, for Hanson to become party President for as long as she may wish and to choose her successor, who may also continue until resignation. On 22 March 2018, Hanson announced that One Nation would back

1935-642: A criminal conviction in New South Wales. After a court-ordered recount, Culleton was replaced by the second candidate on the WA list, Peter Georgiou . Rod Culleton (WA) left the party in December 2016, after months of legal troubles and party infighting to sit as an independent bringing the number of party senators to 3. On 3 February 2017, the High Court of Australia ruled that Culleton's election

2064-414: A lawsuit over the organisational structure of One Nation. In 2003, following her release from prison, Hanson unsuccessfully contested the New South Wales state election, running for a seat in the upper house. In January 2004, Hanson announced that she did not intend to return to politics. but then stood as an independent candidate for one of Queensland's seats in the Senate in the 2004 federal election . At

2193-606: A little more freely and a little more openly about what they feel". Hanson immediately labelled Howard a "strong leader" and said Australians were now free to discuss issues without "fear of being branded as a bigot or racist". Over the next few months, Hanson attracted populist anti-immigration sentiment and the attention of the Citizens' Electoral Council , the Australian League of Rights and other right-wing groups. Then-Immigration Minister Phillip Ruddock announced

2322-470: A low slope (having a slope of less than or equal to 4 inches of vertical rise for every 12 inches horizontal length (4:12)). In the context of roofing fall protection, warning line systems may only be used in combination with a guardrail system, a safety net system, a personal fall arrest system, or a safety monitoring system. The warning line system must be erected around all sides of the roof work area. Safety monitoring systems use safety monitors to monitor

2451-693: A member of Ipswich City Council in her home state. She joined the Liberal Party of Australia in 1995 and was preselected for the Division of Oxley in Brisbane at the 1996 federal election . She was disendorsed shortly before the election after making contentious comments about Aboriginal Australians , but remained listed as a Liberal on the ballot paper. Hanson won the election and took her seat as an independent, before co-founding One Nation in 1997 and becoming its only MP. She attempted to switch to

2580-401: A minimum 5,000 pounds per worker. OSHA regulations have several requirements. The free fall distance, to the distance that the worker drops before the PFAS begins to work and slows the speed of the fall, must be 6 feet or less, nor contact any lower level. The deceleration, the length that the lanyard must stretch in order to arrest the fall must be no more than 3.5 feet. The D-ring shift,

2709-400: A minimum of 2 feet. A fall restraint system is a type of fall protection system where, the goal is to stop workers from reaching the unprotected sides or edges of a working area in which a fall can subsequently occur. This system is useful where a worker may lose their footing near an unprotected edge or begin sliding. In such a case, the fall restraint system will restrain further movement of

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2838-586: A month-long clash with Hanson centred around the Turnbull Government's corporate tax cuts, on which Hanson had reversed her position. This reduced the party to 2 senators, with Hanson remaining the only member of One Nation elected at the 2016 Federal election. Hanson drew widespread condemnation when she wore the full Islamic dress into Senate Question Time, before calling for the burqa to be banned in Australia. Audible gasps of shock were heard in

2967-409: A motivational speaker, Hanson expressed interest in returning to the political stage as a Liberal candidate if an invitation were to be offered by the leader Tony Abbott in the 2010 federal election . No such offer was made. In March 2011, Hanson ran as an independent candidate for the New South Wales Legislative Council in the 2011 state election , but was not elected, receiving 2.41 percent of

3096-419: A number of significant respects it in fact tends more towards Labor's profile instead. One Nation support, for example, comes disproportionately from manual workers, trade union members, those who describe themselves as working class, the less well educated, men and people who never attend church – a list of characteristics which comes close to defining the archetypal Labor voter … [The evidence] suggests that it

3225-528: A political party under the 'One Nation' name with the NSW electoral commission, and achieved registration in April 2002. At the 2001 Western Australian state election One Nation won three seats in the state, however the party was reduced to 3 seats the same year at the 2001 Queensland state election . During the 2001 Australian federal election , the party's vote fell from 9% to 5.5%. Hanson failed in her bid to win

3354-497: A private plane to Rockhampton prior to a Reclaim Australia rally, piloted by James Ashby . At the 2016 federal election the party polled 4.3% (+3.8) of the nationwide primary vote in the Senate. Only Queensland polled higher for the party than their nationwide percentage − the party polled 9.2% (+8.6) of the primary vote in that state. Pauline Hanson (QLD) and three other One Nation candidates − Malcolm Roberts (QLD), Brian Burston (NSW) and Rod Culleton (WA) were elected to

3483-536: A resolution (supported by all members except Graeme Campbell ) condemning her views on immigration and multiculturalism. However, the Prime Minister at the time, John Howard, refused to censure Hanson or speak critically about her, acknowledging that her views were shared by many Australians, commenting that he saw the expression of such views as evidence that the "pall of political correctness " had been lifted in Australia, and that Australians could now "speak

3612-480: A set threshold may result in stiff fines or even time in prison. In some states, roofers are required to meet insurance and roofing license guidelines. Roofers are also required to display their license number on their marketing material. Canada's rules are very similar to those from the U.S., and regulatory authority depends on where the business is located and fall under the authority of their local province. In 2009, in response to high rates of falls in constructions

3741-615: A support base for the new party. An opinion poll in May of that year indicated that the party was attracting the support of 9 per cent of Australian voters and that its popularity was primarily at the expense of the Liberal Party-National Party Coalition's base. Hanson's presence in the suburb of Dandenong, Victoria , to launch her party was met with demonstrations on 7 July 1997, with 3,000–5,000 people rallying outside. A silent vigil and multicultural concert

3870-431: A tougher government line on refugee applications, and cut the family reunion intake by 10,000, despite an election promise to maintain immigration levels. Various academic experts, business leaders and several state premiers attacked the justification offered by Ruddock, who had claimed that the reduction had been forced by continuing high unemployment. Various ethnic communities complained that this attack on multiculturalism

3999-407: A tradesman on Queensland's Gold Coast . They married in 1980 and established a construction business specialising in roof plumbing. Hanson handled the administrative components of the company, similar to her work with Taylors Elliotts, while her husband dealt with practical labour. In 1987, the couple divorced and the company was liquidated. She moved back to Ipswich and worked as a barmaid at what

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4128-502: Is Labor-style voters in rural areas – rather than the much more predominantly urban Labor voter – who are chiefly attracted to One Nation" Within a year of One Nation's electoral success, three of the 11 Queensland MPs elected had quit the party claiming the leadership had too much control over the party. The party was affected by internal divisions and has split several times. Lawsuits involving ex-members did eventually force Hanson to repay approximately $ 500,000 of public funding won at

4257-399: Is a total fall distance that the PFAS must allow for to assist the worker in avoiding contact with the ground or other surface below. The total fall distance consists of free fall distance, deceleration distance, D-ring shift, Back D-ring height, and Safety margin. In addition to the fall distance requirements for each component of the PFAS, the anchorage of the PFAS must also be able to support

4386-477: Is not limited to: Roofing is one of the most dangerous professions among construction occupations since it involves working at heights and exposes workers to dangerous weather conditions such as extreme heat. In the United States as of 2017, the rate of fatalities from falls among roofers is 36 deaths per 100,000 full-time employees, ten times greater than all construction-related professions combined. In

4515-534: The 1998 federal election , Hanson contested the new seat of Blair after a redistribution effectively split Oxley in half. Hanson lost to Liberal candidate Cameron Thompson , and the One Nation candidate in Oxley lost the seat to ALP candidate Bernie Ripoll . One Nation candidate Heather Hill was elected as a senator for Queensland. Hill's eligibility to sit as a senator was successfully challenged in Sue v Hill under

4644-517: The 2001 state election , but the electoral success of One Nation began to deteriorate after this point because the split-away of One Nation NSW began to spark further lack of party unity, and a series of gaffes by One Nation members and candidates, particularly in Queensland. Hanson resigned from One Nation in January 2002 and John Fischer, the State Leader from Western Australia , was elected

4773-558: The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC), saying: "Anyone with a criminal record can, and does, hold a position with ATSIC". There then followed a short series of statements on family breakdown, youth unemployment, international debt, the Family Law Act , child support , and the privatisation of Qantas and other national enterprises. The speech also included an attack on immigration and multiculturalism ,

4902-526: The Australian Constitution on the basis that she had failed to renounce her childhood British citizenship, despite being a naturalised Australian citizen. The seat went to the party's Len Harris following a recount. Political scientists Ian McAllister and Clive Bean, in an analysis of the 1998 federal election, found that although it was assumed that One Nation supporters came from a traditionally conservative demographic, instead: "in

5031-552: The Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 since they occurred overseas. At the May 2019 federal election One Nation polled 5.40% (up 1.12%) for the nationwide Senate primary vote. The party polled higher than their national vote in Queensland, taking 10.27% up 1.08%, of the primary vote in the senate. The PHON House of Representatives candidate for the Division of O'Connor , Dean Smith, who won 8.4% (7,252) votes,

5160-542: The Division of Blair at the 1998 federal election but was unsuccessful. Nevertheless, her newly formed party experienced a surge in popularity at the 1998 Queensland state election , garnering the second-highest number of votes of any party in the state. After her defeat in 1998, Hanson unsuccessfully contested the 2001 election as the leader of One Nation but was expelled from the party in 2002. A District Court jury found Hanson guilty of electoral fraud in 2003, but her convictions were later overturned by three judges on

5289-469: The Queensland Court of Appeal . She spent 11 weeks in jail prior to the appeal being heard. Following her release, Hanson ran in several state and federal elections, as the leader of Pauline Hanson's United Australia Party and as an independent before rejoining One Nation in 2013 and becoming leader again the following year. She was narrowly defeated at the 2015 Queensland state election , but

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5418-475: The Turnbull government 's corporate tax cuts. She subsequently reversed her position, citing the failure of the government to cut immigration levels and support coal-fired power. On 15 October 2018, Hanson proposed an "It's OK to be white" motion in the Australian Senate intended to acknowledge the "deplorable rise of anti-white racism and attacks on Western civilization". It was supported by most senators from

5547-534: The division of Dawson for the Liberal National party announced he had joined One Nation with the intention of contesting for the Senate in the upcoming Federal election. One Nation ran 149 candidates in the 2022 federal election , the only seats where they did not run in were inner Melbourne-based Higgins and the rural Queensland seat of Kennedy , held by Bob Katter . One Nation was criticised for running "ghost candidates" in several electorates for

5676-406: The governing Coalition on a number of welfare cuts, and usually supports the government. On 17 August 2017, Hanson received criticism after wearing a burqa , which she claims "oppresses women", into the Senate. Attorney-General George Brandis got a standing ovation from Labor and Greens senators after he gave an "emotional" speech saying to Hanson: "To ridicule that community, to drive it into

5805-528: The 1998 Queensland election amid claims by Abbott that the party was fraudulently registered. Abbott established a trust fund called "Australians for Honest Politics Trust" to help bankroll civil court cases against the party. The suits alleged that the party was undemocratically constituted in order to concentrate all power in the hands of three people—Hanson, Ettridge and Oldfield (in particular Oldfield)—and that it technically had only two members: Ettridge and Hanson. Even though Hanson's fraud charges were dropped,

5934-405: The 2013 federal election. She rejoined the One Nation party and was a Senate candidate in New South Wales. She did not win a seat, attracting 1.22% of the first preference vote. In November 2014, Hanson announced that she had returned as One Nation leader, prior to the party's announcement, following support from One Nation party members. She announced that she would contest the seat of Lockyer in

6063-479: The 2015 Queensland state election. One Nation held the Queensland seat of Lockyer from 1998 to 2004. In February 2015, Hanson lost the seat by a narrow margin. In mid-2015, Hanson announced that she would contest the Senate for Queensland at the 2016 federal election , and also announced the endorsement of several other candidates throughout Australia. She campaigned on a tour she called "Fed Up" in 2015, and spoke at

6192-745: The 2022 federal election, who were not campaigning in the lead-up to the election and who had no online presence. Additionally, many did not live in the electorates they were listed as being the candidates for. Despite this, the AEC has said that it is not against the rules. One Nation had promised in the lead-up to the election that it would run candidates in all seats. Roofer Roofing work can be physically demanding because it may involve heavy lifting, climbing, bending, and kneeling, often in extreme weather conditions. Roofers are also vulnerable to falls from heights due to working at elevated heights. Various protective measures are required in many countries. In

6321-545: The AEC, in 2003. Crown lawyers accused them both of falsely claiming more than 500 people were party members when they were not truly members. Hanson was sentenced to three years in jail, stating outside the court that the verdict was "Rubbish, I'm not guilty... it's a joke". It was later disclosed that Abbott had been working behind the scenes to take Ettridge and Hanson down, meeting with several disgruntled One Nation members including Sharples. On November 6 of that same year, Hanson

6450-769: The Australian Electoral Commission and secured $ 150,000 of public electoral funding. Hanson claimed to have been vilified over campaign funding. Hanson contested the electoral district of Beaudesert as an independent at the 2009 Queensland state election . After an election campaign dominated by discussion over hoax photographs, she was placed third behind the Liberal National Party 's Aidan McLindon and Labor's Brett McCreadie. There were conflicting media reports as to whether she had said she would not consider running again. On 23 July 2010, while at an event promoting her new career as

6579-635: The Constitution . Hanson alleged in her 2007 autobiography Pauline Hanson: Untamed & Unashamed that a number of other politicians had dual citizenship yet this did not prevent them from holding positions in Parliament. In 1998, Tony Abbott had established a trust fund called "Australians for Honest Politics Trust" to help bankroll civil court cases against the One Nation Party and Hanson herself. John Howard denied any knowledge of

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6708-574: The Court of Disputed Returns. From the start of proceedings, the NSW Electoral Commissioner maintained the view that Hanson's claims lacked substance. The man who alerted Hanson to the alleged emails, who identified himself as "Michael Rattner", failed to appear in court on 8 June 2011 "Rattner" was revealed to be Shaun Castle, a history teacher who posed as a journalist to obtain embargoed progressive poll results. "Michael Rattner"

6837-522: The Electoral Commission of Queensland never reimbursed Hanson for the monies that they collected from the claim. The first Annual General Meeting of the One Nation party was held in April 1999, which critic Paul Reynolds said demonstrated that One Nation lacked organisation. At the 1999 New South Wales state election , David Oldfield was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Council . In October 2000, Hanson expelled Oldfield from

6966-471: The Federal President of One Nation. On 24 May 2007, Hanson launched Pauline's United Australia Party . Under that banner, Hanson again contested one of Queensland's seats in the Senate in the 2007 federal election , when she received over 4 percent of total votes. The party name invokes that of the historic United Australia Party . Speaking on her return to politics, she stated: "I have had all

7095-536: The GST, while proposing a government subsidised people's bank to provide 2 per cent loans to farmers, small business, and manufacturers. On foreign policy, One Nation called for a review of Australia's United Nations membership, a repudiation of Australia's UN treaties, an end to foreign aid and to ban foreigners from owning Australian land. In 1999, The Australian reported that support for One Nation had fallen from 22% to 5%. One Nation Senate candidate Lenny Spencer blamed

7224-688: The House of Representatives, which was widely reported in the media. In her opening lines, Hanson said: "I won the seat of Oxley largely on an issue that has resulted in me being called a racist. That issue related to my comment that Aboriginals received more benefits than non-Aboriginals". Hanson then asserted that Australia was in danger of being "swamped by Asians", and that these immigrants "have their own culture and religion, form ghettos and do not assimilate". Hanson argued that "mainstream Australians" were instead subject to "a type of reverse racism ... by those who promote political correctness and those who control

7353-527: The Japanese Occupational Safety and Health Regulations and Guidelines amended their specific regulations. In 2013 compliance was low and the need for further research and countermeasures for preventing falls and ensuring fall protection from heights was identified. The United Kingdom has no legislation in place that requires a roofer to have a license to trade, although some do belong to recognized trade organizations. The purpose of

7482-540: The Liberal candidate, and the Australian Electoral Commission had closed nominations for the seat. As a result, Hanson was still listed as the Liberal candidate when votes were cast, even though Liberal leader John Howard had declared she would not be allowed to sit with the Liberals if elected. On election night, Hanson took a large lead on the first count and picked up enough Democrat preferences to defeat Scott on

7611-425: The Senate. Elected to the 3rd Queensland Senate spot , as per convention Hanson is serving a six-year term while the three other One Nation Senators who were elected in the last half of spots were appointed to three-year terms. Culleton was stripped of his seat in January 2017 after he was declared bankrupt. In March 2017, the High Court ruled that Culleton's election to the Senate was invalid in any event because of

7740-517: The State of New South Wales – a move which outraged Greens MP Jeremy Buckingham , who would have been replaced by Hanson had her challenge been successful. Questioning whether Hanson's legal action should have gone ahead at all given the nature of the evidence, Buckingham said that "This lack of judgement shows that she's unfit for public office." Earlier, the judge, Justice McClellan, said Hanson had no other remedy but to take legal action after receiving

7869-717: The United Kingdom. The announcement was warmly welcomed by Nick Griffin , leader of the far-right British National Party (BNP). When considering moving, Hanson said that she would not sell her house to Muslims. However, following an extended holiday in Europe, Hanson said in November 2010 that she had decided not to move to Britain because it was "overrun with immigrants and refugees." Hanson lives in Beaudesert, Queensland . In 2013, Hanson announced that she would stand in

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7998-1048: The United States and Canada, they're often referred to as roofing contractors or roofing professionals. The most common roofing material in the United States is asphalt shingles. In the past, 3-tab shingles were used, but recent trends show "architectural" or "dimensional" shingles becoming very popular. Depending on the region, other commonly applied roofing materials installed by roofers include concrete tiles, clay tiles, natural or synthetic slate, single-ply (primarily EPDM rubber , PVC , or TPO ), rubber shingles (made from recycled tires), glass, metal panels or shingles, wood shakes or shingles, liquid-applied, hot asphalt/rubber, foam, thatch, and solar tiles. "Living roof" systems, or rooftop landscapes, have become increasingly common in recent years in both residential and commercial applications. Roles and responsibilities of roofing professionals include: Beyond having common duties such as replacing, repairing, or installing roofs for buildings, roofers can also be involved in other tasks, including but

8127-490: The United States these requirement are established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to address this concern. Several resources from occupational health agencies are available on implementing the required and other recommended interventions. According to data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), as of May 2022 , there were 129,300 individuals working as roofers in

8256-478: The United States, OSHA standards require employers to have several means of fall protection available to ensure the safety of workers. In construction, this applies to workers who are exposed to falls of 6 feet or more above lower levels. In the United States, regulation of the roofing trade is left up to individual states. Some states leave roofing regulation up to city-level, county-level, and municipal-level jurisdictions. Unlicensed contracting of projects worth over

8385-443: The United States, the fatal injury rate in 2021 was 59.0 per 100,000 full-time roofers, compared to the national average of 3.6 per 100,000 full-time employees. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics , roofing has been within the top 5 highest death rates of any profession for over 10 years in a row. For Hispanic roofers, data from 2001–2008 show fatal injuries from falls account for nearly 80% of deaths in this population,

8514-467: The assumption that the worker will be 6 feet in height, but because the D-ring height variability can affect the safety of the system, the back D-ring height must be calculated based on the actual height of the worker. The safety margin, the additional distance that is needed to ensure sufficient clearance between the worker and the surface beneath the worker after a fall occurs, is generally considered to be

8643-466: The construction industry. Among that population, a majority of roofers (93%; 119,800) were contractors for Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior projects. In terms of jobs outlook, it is predicted that there will only be a 2% increase in job growth from 2022 to 2032 in the United States. Approximately 12,200 openings are expected each year in this decade. Most of the new jobs are likely to be offered to replace roofers who retire or transition out of

8772-401: The crowd. In its late 1990s incarnation, One Nation called for zero net immigration, an end to multiculturalism and a revival of Australia's Anglo-Celtic cultural tradition which it says has been diminished, the abolition of native title and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC), an end to special Aboriginal funding programs, opposition to Aboriginal reconciliation which

8901-400: The distance that the harness stretches and how far the D-ring itself moves when it encounters the full weight of the worker during a fall, is generally assumed to be 1 foot, depending on the equipment design and the manufacturer of the harness. For the back D-ring height, the distance between the D-ring and the sole of the worker's footwear, employers often use 5 feet as the standard height with

9030-572: The edge." Guardrail systems serve as an alternative to PFAS and fall restraint systems by having permanent or temporary guardrails around the perimeter of the roof and any roof openings. OSHA requires the height of the top of the rail to be 39-45 inches above the working surface. Mid-rails must be installed midway between the top of the top rail and the walking/working surface when there is no parapet wall at least 21 inches high. Guardrail systems must be capable of withstanding 200-pounds of force in any outward or downward direction applied within 2 inches of

9159-558: The existence of such a fund. Abbott was also accused of offering funds to One Nation dissident Terry Sharples to support his court battle against the party. However, Howard defended the honesty of Abbott in this matter. Abbott conceded that the political threat One Nation posed to the Howard Government was "a very big factor" in his decision to pursue the legal attack, but he also said he was acting "in Australia's national interest". Howard also defended Abbott's actions saying "It's

9288-478: The formative days of One Nation, Oldfield was employed by Liberal Party backbench MP Tony Abbott as a political advisor. One Nation was launched on 11 April 1997, at an event held in Ipswich, Queensland . The party was officially registered by the Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) on 27 June. The 1998 Queensland state election produced One Nation's greatest electoral success, with the ALP winning 44 seats to be

9417-531: The fraudulent email. At the 1999 election , One Nation politician David Oldfield was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Council , the state parliament's upper house. However, in 2000, Oldfield was expelled from One Nation for an alleged verbal dispute with Hanson. Within weeks, Oldfield had established the splinter group, One Nation NSW . One Nation won three seats in the Western Australian Legislative Council at

9546-409: The full High Court, as Court of Disputed Returns, ruled that Malcolm Roberts had been ineligible to be elected to the Parliament. On 13 November, Senator Fraser Anning took Roberts' seat after a Senate recount. However, on the same day Anning left the party to become an Independent . On 14 June 2018, Senator Brian Burston announced his resignation from the party to sit as an independent, following

9675-486: The governing Liberal-National Coalition , but was defeated 31–28 by opponents who called it a racist slogan from the white supremacist movement. The following day, the motion was "recommitted", and this time rejected unanimously by senators in attendance, with its initial supporters in the Liberal-National Coalition saying they had voted for it due to an administrative error (One Nation did not attend

9804-532: The hearings were being used by Hanson for political purposes to undermine domestic violence claims made by women. In April 2022, it was "formally confirmed" that during the 2022 South Australian state election that One Nation's Sarah Game won a seat within the South Australia legislative council (upper house) making history as One Nation's first member of South Australian parliament. In April 2022, Queensland MP George Christensen who had represented

9933-425: The highest cause of death among Hispanics of any construction trade. A major contributing factor to the high fatality rates among roofers in the United States is the nature of the craft which requires roofers to work on elevated, slanted roof surfaces. Findings from qualitative interviews with Michigan roofing contractors also found hand and finger injuries from handling heavy material and back injuries to be some of

10062-497: The job of the Liberal Party to politically attack other parties – there's nothing wrong with that." Hanson gained extensive media coverage during her campaign and once she took her seat in the House. Her first speech attracted considerable attention for the views it expressed on Aboriginal benefits , welfare, immigration and multiculturalism . During her term in Parliament, Hanson spoke on social and economic issues such as

10191-618: The largest party in the Assembly, the Coalition winning 32 seats and One Nation winning 11 seats. During the campaign, polling for One Nation lead to commentators saying One Nation might secure the balance of power in a hung parliament. During the campaign, all three major political parties suffered a decline in voter support due to One Nation having entered the fray. The National Party saw an 11.1% drop in support, their Liberal Party coalition partners lost 6.7% and Labor's vote dropped 4.0%. To

10320-446: The late 1990s, before suffering an extended decline after 2001. Nevertheless, One Nation has had a profound impact on debates on multiculturalism and immigration in Australia . Following Hanson's return as leader and the 2016 federal election , the party gained four seats in the Senate , including one for Hanson herself, in Queensland. Arguing that other political parties are out of touch with mainstream Australia, One Nation runs on

10449-481: The major political parties attack me, been kicked out of my own party and ended up in prison, but I don't give up." In October 2007, Hanson launched her campaign song, entitled "Australian Way of Life", which included the line: "Welcome everyone, no matter where you come from." After an unsuccessful campaign in the 2009 Queensland state election , Hanson announced in 2010 that she planned to deregister Pauline's United Australia Party, sell her Queensland house and move to

10578-485: The maximum predicted force necessary to save the worker from falling to the lower surface. There are no OSHA specifications on the distance from the edge the restraint system must allow for a falling worker, and although a likely very dangerous practice, the OSHA letter of interpretation states that as long as the restraint system prevents the employee from falling off an edge, the employee can be restrained to "within inches of

10707-416: The media, that John Howard sailed home on One Nation policies. In short, if we were not around, John Howard would not have made the decisions he did." Other interrelated factors that contributed to her political decline from 1998 to 2002 include her connection with a series of advisors with whom she ultimately fell out ( John Pasquarelli , David Ettridge and David Oldfield); disputes amongst her supporters; and

10836-778: The more common task/injury combinations. Ladder falls contribute to the rates of injury and mortality. More than half a million people per year are treated for fall from ladder and over 3000 people die as a result. In 2014 the estimated cost annual cost of ladder injuries, including time away from work, medical, legal, liability expenses was estimated to reach $ 24 billion. Male, Hispanic, older, self-employed workers and those who work in smaller establishments, and work doing construction, maintenance, and repair experience higher ladder fall injury rates when compared with women and non-Hispanic whites and persons of other races/ethnicities. Ladders allow for roofers to access upper level work surfaces. For safe use, ladder must be inspected for damage by

10965-408: The need for a fairer child support scheme and concern for the emergence of the working class poor. She also called for more accountable and effective administration of Indigenous affairs. Hanson's supporters viewed her as an ordinary person who challenged ' political correctness ' as a threat to Australia's identity. The reaction of the mainstream political parties was negative, with parliament passing

11094-414: The need to create more jobs not through government schemes but by "cheap loans to business, by more apprenticeships, and by doing something about tariffs". Hanson won 36 percent of the primary vote, slightly over 10% more than the second-place Labor candidate, Virginia Clarke. However, with all three major parties preferencing each other ahead of Hanson, Liberal candidate Cameron Thompson was able to win

11223-418: The parliament. Liberal party Senator and Attorney-General of Australia , George Brandis condemned Hanson's actions, declaring to the parliament that "To ridicule that community, to drive it into a corner, to mock its religious garments is an appalling thing to do. I would ask you to reflect on that". Senator Brandis received applause and praise from all sides of parliament for his response. On 15 October 2018,

11352-502: The party after a disagreement. His expulsion created even more instability in a party which was constantly embroiled in scandal and internal strife. Oldfield attacked Hanson publicly, saying that "everything including her maiden speech and every word of any consequence that she's said since, has actually been written for her". Oldfield engineered a split within the party, creating One Nation NSW , in 2001. The new party took advantage of electoral party registration laws to register itself as

11481-540: The party in November 2018 as leader for New South Wales. He successfully contested a seat in the Legislative Council, winning it in March 2019. On 22 May 2017, a new scandal arose when a taped conversation between Hanson and political advisor James Ashby was released. The tape showed that Ashby had supported charging One Nation candidates inflated prices for campaign materials. In March 2019, One Nation

11610-525: The party says will create two nations, and a review of the 1967 constitutional referendum which gave the Commonwealth power to legislate for Aborigines. The party's economic position was to support protectionism and trade retaliation, increased restrictions on foreign capital and the flow of capital overseas, and a general reversal of globalisation's influence on the Australian economy. Domestically, One Nation opposed privatisation, competition policy, and

11739-463: The press together with party director David Oldfield for the October 1998 election defeat, while the media reported the redirecting of preferences away from One Nation as the primary reason, with a lack of party unity, poor policy choices and an "inability to work with the media" also responsible. Ahead of the 1998 federal election , an electoral redistribution essentially split Oxley in half. Oxley

11868-572: The primary statewide vote but losing on preferences. Following the election, Hanson alleged that "dodgy staff" employed by the NSW Electoral Commission put 1,200 votes for her in a pile of blank ballots, and she claimed that she had a forwarded NSW Electoral Commission internal email as evidence of this. Hanson then commenced legal proceedings to challenge the outcome of the election in the NSW Supreme Court, which sat as

11997-481: The primary vote was 4.1% in the district of Hammond and 2.7% in Goyder , with the other four hovering around 1%. They attracted 0.8% (7559 votes) of the upper house vote. One Nation consequently won no seats in that election. In the 2006 Queensland state election , the party contested four of 89 seats, and its vote collapsed. It suffered a swing of 4.3% to be left with just 0.6% of the vote. Its only remaining seat in

12126-466: The recommital vote). Pauline Hanson%27s One Nation Elections as Leader [REDACTED] Defunct Defunct Pauline Hanson's One Nation ( PHON or ONP ), also known as One Nation or One Nation Party , is a right-wing populist political party in Australia . It is led by Pauline Hanson . One Nation was founded in 1997, by member of parliament Pauline Hanson and her advisors David Ettridge and David Oldfield after Hanson

12255-404: The restoration of import tariffs , a revival of Australia's manufacturing industry, and an increase in support for small business and the rural sector. One Nation's policies and platform have been characterised as racist and xenophobic by critics. Shortly after being elected to federal parliament, Hanson formed the One Nation party with co-founders David Oldfield and David Ettridge. During

12384-611: The roofing industry such as fall prevention plans, a ladder safety mobile application, infographics and tipsheets, toolbox talks, videos and webinars, [1] and safety leadership training. [2] Many of these resources are available in Spanish and additional languages other than English. The recommended safety measures are described next. In terms of job outlooks, it is predicted that there will only be an 1% increase in job growth from 2021 to 2032. The job openings (15,000) are expected to replace roofers who will retire or transition out of

12513-413: The roofing industry. The hierarchy of controls is a way of determining which actions will best control exposures. The hierarchy of controls has five levels of actions to reduce or remove hazards – elimination, substitution, and engineering controls are among the preferred preventive actions based on general effectiveness. Resources are available to assist with the implementation of fall safety measures in

12642-443: The safest Labor seat in Queensland. Because of this, Hanson was initially dismissed and ignored by the media believing that she had no chance of winning the seat. However, Hanson received widespread media attention when, leading up to the election, she advocated the abolition of special government assistance for Aboriginal Australians , and she was disendorsed by the Liberal Party. Ballot papers had already been printed listing Hanson as

12771-425: The safety of other workers on the roof. Safety monitors must be competent to recognize fall hazards. The safety monitor is tasked to ensure the safety of other workers on the roof and must be able to orally warn an employee when they are in an unsafe situation. Multi-layered approaches to fall prevention and protection that use the hierarchy of controls can help to prevent fall injuries, incidents, and fatalities in

12900-498: The seat despite finishing in third place on the first count. Thompson overtook Clarke on National preferences and defeated Hanson on Labor preferences. It has been suggested by Thompson that Hanson's litigation against parodist Pauline Pantsdown was a distraction from the election which contributed to her loss. Nationally, One Nation gained 8.99 percent of the Senate vote and 8.4% of the Representatives vote, but only one MP

13029-557: The seat for 11 months, before being removed in 1995 due to administrative changes. In August 1995, she joined the Liberal Party of Australia and in 1996 was endorsed as the Liberal candidate for the House of Representatives seat of Oxley , based on Ipswich, for the March 1996 Federal election . At the time, the seat was thought of as a Labor stronghold. The Labor incumbent, Les Scott , held it with an almost 15% two-party majority, making it

13158-470: The shop and preparing the food, which was among many things that contributed to her notoriety during her first political campaign. Over time, Hanson acquired full control of the company, which was sold upon her election to Parliament in 1996. Hanson's first election to office was in 1994, earning a seat on the Ipswich City Council , on the premise of an opposition to extra funding. She held

13287-451: The sixth count. Her victory came amid Labor's near-meltdown in Queensland which saw it cut down to only two seats in the state. Hanson won 54 percent of the two-candidate preferred vote. Had she still been running as a Liberal, the 19.3-point swing would have been the largest two-party swing of the election. Since Hanson had been disendorsed, she entered parliament as an independent . On 10 September 1996, Hanson gave her maiden speech to

13416-411: The state (and country), Tablelands , was retained with an increased majority by Rosa Lee Long . Tablelands was abolished prior to the 2009 Queensland state election , with Lee Long failing to win the seat of Dalrymple . In the 2012 Queensland state election the party unsuccessfully contested six seats. The party received only 2,525 first preference votes (representing 0.1% of the total cast) across

13545-468: The state. Hanson rejoined One Nation as a rank-and-file member in 2013. Later that year, she unsuccessfully contested the Senate for New South Wales at the 2013 federal election . In 2014, Hanson was reappointed as leader by the One Nation executive. She contested the seat of Lockyer for the party at the January 2015 Queensland state election , falling 114 votes short of defeating sitting Liberal National Party member Ian Rickuss . In 2013, it

13674-412: The surprise of many pundits, the One Nation Party received 22.7% of the first preference vote, giving them the second largest voter turnout for any party in Queensland during the 1998 election. One Nation drew the majority of its support from regional and rural Queensland, winning nine of its 11 seats in rural and regional electorates. With nearly 23% of the vote, One Nation gained a higher percentage of

13803-442: The time, Hanson declared, "I don't want all the hangers on. I don't want the advisers and everyone else. I want it to be this time Pauline Hanson." She was unsuccessful, receiving only 31.77% of the required quota of primary votes, and did not pick up enough additional support through preferences. However, she attracted more votes than the One Nation party (4.54% compared to 3.14%) and, unlike her former party, recovered her deposit from

13932-420: The top edge of the rail. Safety net systems use a tested safety net adjacent to and below the edge of the walking/working surface to catch a worker who may fall off the roof. Safety nets must be installed as close as practicable under the surface where the work is being performed and shall extend outward from the outermost projection of the work surface as follows: Safety nets must be drop-tested with

14061-494: The trade. In Australia, this type of carpenter is called a roof carpenter and the term roofer refers to someone who installs the roof cladding ( tiles , tin , etc.). The number of roofers in Australia was estimated to be approximately 15,000. New South Wales is the largest province with an 29% market share in the Australian Roofers industry (4,425 companies). Second is Victoria with 3,206 Roofers (21%). In

14190-490: The trade. Solar Roof installation is one of the fastest growing trends in the roofing industry due to the nature of solar roofs being environmentally friendly and a worthwhile economic investment. Specifically, solar roofs have been found to allow homeowners to potentially save 40-70% on electric bills depending on the number of tiles installed. The US federal government has also begun incentivizing homeowners to install solar roofs with potential eligibility for 30% tax credit on

14319-458: The various taxpayer funded 'industries' that flourish in our society servicing Aboriginals, multiculturalists and a host of other minority groups". This theme continued with the assertion that "present governments are encouraging separatism in Australia by providing opportunities, land, moneys and facilities available only to Aboriginals". Among a series of criticisms of Aboriginal land rights , access to welfare and reconciliation, Hanson criticised

14448-567: The vote than any other third party (i.e. not Labor or Coalition ) at the state or territory level since Federation. This was also the only election at which a third party gained more votes than both the Liberal Party and the National Party considered separately. Subsequently, the One Nation contingent in the Queensland Parliament split, with dissident members forming the rival City-Country Alliance in late 1999. At

14577-476: The worker toward the unprotected side or edge and prevent a serious fall. Although fall restraint systems are not explicitly defined or mentioned in OSHA's fall protection standards for construction, they are allowed by OSHA as specified in an OSHA letter of interpretation last updated in 2004. OSHA does not have any specific requirements for fall restraint systems, but recommends that any fall restraint system be capable of withstanding 3,000 pounds or at least twice

14706-473: Was a cynical response to polls showing Hanson's rising popularity. Hanson herself claimed credit for forcing the government's hand. At the next federal election on 10 November 2001, Hanson ran for a Queensland senate seat but narrowly failed. She accounted for her declining popularity by claiming that the Liberals under John Howard had stolen her policies. "It has been widely recognised by all, including

14835-473: Was a pun on Mickey Mouse and reports linked the pseudonym to an "anti-voter-fraud" organisation led by Amy McGrath and Alasdair Webster . After having refused to answer questions on the grounds of self-incrimination, Castle apologised to the court and was granted protection from prosecution by Justice McClellan, before being compelled to answer questions relating to the fraudulent email. The judge ordered that Hanson's legal costs of more than $ 150,000 be paid by

14964-480: Was deemed too great a risk for The Base because of his political profile, so was not admitted into their ranks. Also in 2019, Hanson received widespread condemnation in the Australian media after claiming that domestic violence victims routinely lie to the Family Court . The Law Council of Australia called for the abandonment of a federal parliamentary inquiry into the family law system, citing concerns that

15093-496: Was disendorsed as a federal candidate for the Liberal Party of Australia . The disendorsement came before the 1996 federal election following comments she made about Indigenous Australians . Oldfield, a councillor on Manly Council in suburban Sydney and at one time an employee of Liberal minister Tony Abbott , was the organisational architect of the party. Hanson sat as an independent for one year before forming Pauline Hanson's One Nation. One Nation had electoral success in

15222-744: Was elected to the Senate at the 2016 federal election , along with three other members of the party. She was re-elected at the 2022 federal election . Hanson was born Pauline Lee Seccombe on 27 May 1954 in Woolloongabba, Queensland . She was the fifth of seven children (and the youngest daughter) to John Alfred "Jack" Seccombe and Hannorah Alousius Mary "Norah" Seccombe (née Webster). She first received schooling at Buranda Girls' School, later attending Coorparoo State School in Coorparoo until she ended her education at age 15, shortly before her first marriage and pregnancy. Jack and Norah Seccombe owned

15351-484: Was elected – Len Harris as a Senator for Queensland. Heather Hill had been elected to this position, but the High Court of Australia ruled that, although she was an Australian citizen, she was ineligible for election to sit as a Senator because she had not renounced her British citizenship. The High Court found that, at least since 1986, Britain had counted as a 'foreign power' within the meaning of section 44(i) of

15480-412: Was in December of the same year a target of recruitment for Neo-Nazi group The Base . In secretly recorded tapes of his "interview" by a recruiter, Smith tells of his hatred of immigrants and his wish to "save the race". He tells the recruiter that he had become "more and more extreme and passionate about my views", and disillusioned with One Nation and the possibility of a political solution. However, he

15609-571: Was invalid due to a conviction for which he was subject to being sentenced at the time of the election, notwithstanding that the conviction was subsequently annulled. The resulting vacancy was filled by a recount of the votes at the election , which resulted in Peter Georgiou taking the seat and returning the One Nation representation in the Senate to four. During the 2017 Western Australian state election , several One Nation candidates either quit or were disendorsed. Dane Sorensen provided

15738-576: Was organised by the Greater Dandenong City Council in response to Hanson's presence, while a demonstration was organised by an anti-racism body. The majority of attendees were of Asian origin, where an open platform attracted leaders of the Vietnamese, Chinese, East Timorese and Sri Lankan communities. Representatives from churches, local community groups, lesbian and gay and socialist organisations also attended and addressed

15867-527: Was re-registered in time for the 2007 federal election . It still had state parties in Queensland and New South Wales. Subsequently, it created another state party in Western Australia. In the February 2005 Western Australian state election , the One Nation vote collapsed. In the 2006 South Australian state election , six One Nation candidates stood for the lower house. Their highest levels of

15996-414: Was reconfigured as a marginal Labor seat, losing most of its more rural and exurban area while picking up the heavily pro-Labor suburb of Inala . A new seat of Blair was created in the rural area surrounding Ipswich. Hanson knew her chances of holding the reconfigured Oxley were slim, especially after former Labor state premier Wayne Goss won preselection for the seat. After considering whether to contest

16125-585: Was released from prison after successfully appealing her conviction; she was acquitted on all counts. At the 2004 Queensland state election , One Nation polled less than 5% of the vote and its sole elected representative, Rosa Lee Long , acted as an independent. One Nation attempted to defend its Queensland Senate seat at the 2004 federal election , but lost it (effectively to the National Party). Len Harris's Senate term expired on 30 June 2005. On 8 February 2005, One Nation lost federal party status but

16254-504: Was reported by One Nation that the party had more than 5000 members, with the figure rising since Hanson returned as party leader. In July 2015, Hanson announced that the party was renamed the original "Pauline Hanson's One Nation" and contested in the Senate for Queensland at the 2016 federal election . In the lead up to the 2016 election, Hanson arranged a "Fed Up" tour that began in July 2015 as part of her re-election campaign, flying in

16383-494: Was the subject of a two-part Al Jazeera documentary series asserting that the party was soliciting financial assistance from the National Rifle Association of America and Koch Industries in order to change Australian gun control laws . Al Jazeera used an undercover reporter posing as a gun rights advocate. In response, One Nation leader Pauline Hanson condemned the documentary as a "hit piece" by

16512-497: Was then Booval Bowls Club. Hanson then bought a fish and chip shop with a new business partner Morrie Marsden. They established Marsden Hanson Pty Ltd and began operations from their recently opened fish and chip shop in Silkstone , a suburb of Ipswich . Hanson and Marsden both shared the administrative responsibilities of the company, but Hanson took on additional practical responsibilities, including buying supplies and produce for

16641-644: Was unsuccessful. Hanson appeared before the Brisbane Magistrates Court to face charges of electoral fraud , that same year. Hanson pleaded not guilty to the charges, claiming that she was being subjected to "a political witch-hunt." While court hearings proceeded, Hanson ran for a seat in the NSW Upper House as an independent, but only received 1.9 per cent of the vote. Both Ettridge and Hanson were found guilty of fraudulently registering One Nation and obtaining more than $ 500,000 from

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