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73-477: PaaS can be delivered in three ways: The first public platform as a service was Zimki, launched by Fotango, a London-based company owned by Canon Europe . It was developed in 2005, had a beta launch in March 2006 and a public launch at EuroOSCON in 2006. At the time of its closure, Zimki had several thousand developer accounts. It had demonstrated the technical viability of Platform as a Service, but also provided

146-523: A Station Messaging Detail Record (SMDR). Virtual PBX systems or hosted PBX systems deliver PBX functionality as a service, available over the public switched telephone network (PSTN) or the Internet. Hosted PBXs are typically provided by a telephone company or service provider, using equipment located in the premises of a telephone exchange or the provider's data center. This means the customer does not need to buy or install PBX equipment. Generally,

219-474: A telephone system typically used in business environments, encompassing the range of technology from the key telephone system ( KTS ) to the private branch exchange ( PBX ). A business telephone system differs from an installation of several telephones with multiple central office (CO) lines in that the CO lines used are directly controllable in key telephone systems from multiple telephone stations, and that such

292-504: A Canon AS100 PC for which you could get a color or monochrome display computer, shortly after the release of the IBM PC . It was based on the Intel 8088 processor and used CP/M or MS-DOS . Options included an 8 MB hard drive. As of 2020, Canon is organized into four principal business segments: Business telephone system#Private branch exchange A business telephone system is

365-464: A PBX from a hybrid key system are the amount, scope, and complexity of the features and facilities offered. A PBX is a telephone exchange or switching system that serves a private organization. A PBX permits the sharing of central office trunks between internally installed telephones, and provides intercommunication between those internal telephones within the organization without the use of external lines. The central office lines provide connections to

438-490: A PaaS provider to run applications in an open-source environment, such as Google App Engine . Some open platforms let the developer use any programming language, database, operating system or server to deploy their applications. There are various types of PaaS providers. All offer application hosting and a deployment environment, along with various integrated services. Services offer varying levels of scalability and maintenance. Developers can write an application and upload it to

511-680: A PaaS that supports their software language of choice, and the application runs on that PaaS. The UK Government encourages departments to make use of public cloud solutions as a first option. PaaS is in use within UK Government but the technology community within government notes that PaaS providers may restrict the software, languages and interfaces they are willing to support. The Government operated its own GOV.UK PaaS service from 2015 until 2023, but this has now been decommissioned. Canon Inc.#Operations Canon Inc. ( Japanese : キヤノン株式会社 ; Hepburn : Kyanon kabushiki gaisha )

584-411: A central office trunk. Modern number-analysis systems permit users to dial internal and external telephone numbers without special codes to distinguish the intended destination. The term PBX originated when switchboard operators managed company switchboards manually using cord circuits. As automated electromechanical switches and later electronic switching systems gradually replaced the manual systems,

657-1154: A company's on-premises data center , or in a public cloud. Once the software is installed on one or more machines, the private PaaS arranges the application and database components into a single hosting platform. Hybrid PaaS is typically a deployment consisting of a mix of public and private deployments. A communications platform as a service (CPaaS) is a cloud-based platform that enables developers to add real-time communications features (voice, video, and messaging) in their own applications without building back-end infrastructure and interfaces. Also, CPaaS and hardware and software specifications are specifically designed to support (tele)communications applications. These applications and their usage are much more sensitive to jitter, latency and packet losses. Hosted PBX , cellular networks, (near real-time) applications typically are deployed on CPaaS platforms. Initiated in 2012, mobile PaaS (mPaaS) provides development capabilities for mobile app designers and developers. The Yankee Group identified mPaaS as one of its themes for 2014. Open PaaS does not include hosting but provides open-source software allowing

730-629: A copy of the Leica design, Japan's first 35 mm focal-plane-shutter camera, was developed in prototype form. In 1940 Canon developed Japan's first indirect X-ray camera. Canon introduced a field zoom lens for television broadcasting in 1958, and in 1959 introduced the Reflex Zoom 8 and the Canonflex . In 1961, Canon introduced the Rangefinder camera, Canon 7 , and 50mm 1:0.95 lens in

803-467: A different name for each capability): Interfaces for connecting extensions to a PBX include: Interfaces for connecting PBXs to each other include: Interfaces for connecting PBXs to trunk lines include: Interfaces for collecting data from the PBX: A data record from a PBX or other telecommunication system that provides the statistics for a telephone call is usually termed a call detail record (CDR) or

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876-514: A family of key telephone equipment, some of it compatible with Western Electric equipment, but it did not gain the widespread use enjoyed by Western Electric equipment. With the advent of LSI ICs , the same architecture could be implemented much less expensively than was possible using relays. In addition, it was possible to eliminate the many-wire cabling and replace it with much simpler cable similar to (or even identical to) that used by non-key systems. Electronic shared-control systems led quickly to

949-651: A hard coat. In 1996, Canon introduced a pocket-sized digital camera with the Advanced Photo System , named ELPH in America and IXUS in Europe. Canon entered the digital video camcorder market in 1997. In 2004, Canon introduced the XEED SX50 LCD projector. Canon introduced its first high-definition camcorder in 2005. In November 2009, Canon made a €730 million (US$ 1.1 billion) all-cash offer for

1022-490: A range of wireless presenters, from advanced green laser presenters with back-lit screen display to basic red laser presentation clickers. Canon is developing a prototype virtual reality headset (Canon VR). The headset offers a wider viewing angle (120°) than other VR devices but requires handles rather than a head strap. The headset is not yet available on the market. As of 2020, Canon produces and sells high-end AR ( augmented reality ) headsets for enterprise users. Canon

1095-515: A single interface; therefore the company will operate as a separate entity. On 10 February 2015, Canon announced that it had intentions to buy Swedish Security Camera maker Axis Communications for US$ 2.83 billion. On 23 February 2015, Axis Communications reacted to this news and confirmed that it had received a purchase proposal from Canon. The purchase was effectively completed in April 2015. On 24 April 2015, Canon Europe announced it had acquired

1168-633: A special bayonet mount. In 1964 Canon introduced the 'Canola 130', the first Japanese made 10-key calculator , a substantial improvement on the design of the British Bell Punch company, which introduced the first fully electronic calculator two years earlier with the Sumlock Anita Mark 8 unit. In 1965 Canon introduced the Canon Pellix , a single lens reflex (SLR) camera with a semi-transparent stationary mirror which enabled

1241-418: A system often provides additional features for call handling. Business telephone systems are often broadly classified into key telephone systems and private branch exchanges, but many combinations (hybrid telephone systems) exist. A key telephone system was originally distinguished from a private branch exchange in that it did not require an operator or attendant at a switchboard to establish connections between

1314-518: A variety of functionality and services in the 1A key telephone system developed in the Bell System in the 1930s. Key systems can be built using three principal architectures: electromechanical shared-control, electronic shared-control, or independent key sets. New installations of key telephone systems have become less common, as hybrid systems and private branch exchanges of comparable size have similar costs and greater functionality. Before

1387-619: A wide range of flatbed scanners , film scanners and document scanners for home and business use, including the Canon CanoScan 8800F . Some of its scanners employ LED inDirect Exposure (LiDE) technology, such that USB port is sufficient to power the scanner, and no additional power is required. Current printers use the proprietary BJNP protocol (USB over IP port 8611). Canon produced a range of calculators in various applications, including handheld calculators, desktop calculators, printing calculators and scientific calculators. One model

1460-547: Is a Japanese multinational corporation headquartered in Ōta , Tokyo , specializing in optical, imaging, and industrial products, such as lenses , cameras , medical equipment, scanners , printers , and semiconductor manufacturing equipment. Canon has a primary listing on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the TOPIX Core 30 and Nikkei 225 indexes. It used to have a secondary listing on

1533-530: Is a hosted PBX service that extends fixed-line PBX functionality to mobile devices such as cellular handsets, smartphones, and PDA phones by provisioning them as extensions. Mobile PBX services also can include fixed-line phones. Mobile PBX systems are different from other hosted PBX systems that simply forward data or calls to mobile phones by allowing the mobile phone itself, through the use of buttons, keys, and other input devices, to control PBX phone functions and to manage communications without having to call into

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1606-426: Is being phased out by most major telecommunication carriers throughout Europe in favor of all-IP networks, with some expecting complete migration by 2025. Originally having started as an organization's manual switchboard or attendant console operated by a telephone operator or just simply the operator , PBXs have evolved into VoIP centers that are hosted by the operators or even manufacturers. Even though VoIP

1679-452: Is considered by many people as the future of telephony, the circuit switched network remains the core of communications, and the existing PBX systems are competitive in services with modern IP systems. Five distinct scenarios exist: For the option to call from the IP network to the circuit-switched PSTN ( SS7 / ISUP ), the hosted solutions include interconnecting media gateways. Historically,

1752-504: Is derived from software as a service (SaaS), and is situated in cloud computing between SaaS and infrastructure as a service (IaaS). SaaS is software hosted in the cloud so that it does not reside or run on customer computers. IaaS provides virtual hardware from a provider with adjustable scalability. In IaaS, the server is managed by the user, whereas in PaaS by the provider. A private PaaS can typically be downloaded and installed either in

1825-495: Is one of the world's top producers of semiconductor and display manufacturing equipment. Its subsidiary Canon Tokki dominates the market of material deposition equipment, and instruments for manufacturing OLED displays. Canon is also the leading manufacturer of display photolithography equipment and one of the top 3 in the semiconductor lithography machine market. Once a leader of semiconductor lithography along with Nikon , it has been dwarfed by ASML , and as of 2017 its share in

1898-506: Is possible to get hosted PBX services that include feature sets from minimal functionality to advanced feature combinations. In addition to the features available from premises-based PBX systems, hosted PBX: The ongoing migration of most major telecommunication carriers to IP-based networks, coupled with the rise in Cloud Communications has resulted in a significant rise in the uptake of hosted PBX solutions. A mobile PBX

1971-807: The New York Stock Exchange . The company was originally named Seikikōgaku kenkyūsho ( Japanese : 精機光学研究所 , lit.   'Precision Optical Laboratory'). In 1934, it produced the Kwanon , a prototype for Japan's first-ever 35 mm camera with a focal-plane-based shutter. In 1947, the company name was changed to Canon Camera Co., Inc. , shortened to Canon Inc. in 1969. The name Canon comes from Buddhist bodhisattva Kannon ( Japanese : 観音 , lit.   ' Guanyin '), previously transliterated as Kuanyin, Kwannon, or Kwanon in English. The origins of Canon date back to

2044-422: The hybrid designation. A hybrid system typically has some call appearance buttons that directly correspond to individual lines and/or stations, but may also support direct dialing to extensions or outside lines without selecting a line appearance. The modern key system is usually fully digital, although analog variants persist and some systems implement VOIP services. Effectively, the aspects that distinguish

2117-436: The public switched telephone network (PSTN) and the concentration aspect of a PBX permits the shared use of these lines between all stations in the organization. Its intercommunication ability allows two or more stations to directly connect while not using the public switched telephone network. This method reduces the number of lines needed from the organization to the public switched telephone network. Each device connected to

2190-486: The voice over IP PBX, or IP PBX . The other trend involved the idea of focusing on core competence . PBX services had always been hard to arrange for smaller companies, and many companies realized that handling their own telephony was not their core competence. These considerations gave rise to the concept of the hosted PBX. In wireline telephony, the original hosted PBX was the Centrex service provided by telcos since

2263-607: The 1960s; later competitive offerings evolved into the modern competitive local exchange carrier . In voice-over IP, hosted solutions are easier to implement as the PBX may be located at and managed by any telephone service provider, connecting to the individual extensions via the Internet. The upstream provider no longer needs to run direct, local leased lines to the served premises. Many manufacturers provided manually operated private branch exchange systems in various sizes and features; examples are pictured here: A PBX system often includes

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2336-516: The 1980s when the arrival of electronic key systems with their easier installation and greater features signaled the end of electromechanical key systems. Two lesser-known key systems were used at airports for air traffic control communications, the 102 and 302 key systems. These were uniquely designed for communications between the air traffic control tower and radar approach control ( RAPCON ) or ground control approach (GCA) and included radio line connections. Automatic Electric Company also produced

2409-410: The 1990s led to new types of PBX systems. One was the massive growth of data networks and increased public understanding of packet switching . Companies needed packet-switched networks for data, so using them for telephone calls proved tempting, and the availability of the Internet as a global delivery system made packet-switched communications even more attractive. These factors led to the development of

2482-557: The 21st century, the distinction between key systems and PBX systems has become increasingly blurred. Early electronic key systems used dedicated handsets which displayed and allowed access to all connected PSTN lines and stations. The modern key system now supports SIP , ISDN , analog handsets (in addition to its own proprietary handsets – usually digital) as well as a raft of features more traditionally found on larger PBX systems. Their support for both analog and digital signaling, and of some PBX functionality gives rise to

2555-592: The 270EX II, 320EX, 430EX II, 430EX III-RT, 470EX-AI, 580EX, 580EX II, 600EX-RT, 600EXII-RT, EL-1, and EL-5 Speedlites. Canon also produces macro flash units, including the Macro Twin Lite and the Macro Ring Lite. Canon designs and manufactures CMOS image sensors in-house for its imaging products and it has three dedicated fabs in Japan . In 2016, Canon, the fifth-largest image sensor manufacturer in

2628-702: The Canon LBP-SX engine. Later models used the Canon LBP-LX, LBP-EX, LBP-PX engines and many other Canon print engines. Following Canon's acquisition of the Dutch digital printing manufacturer Océ in 2010, Canon continued to develop and manufacture printing systems, initially under the Océ brand name. On 1.1.2020 the company Océ was officially renamed Canon Production Printing . Canon has been sued over intentionally designing all-in-one printers that cannot scan when

2701-550: The Dutch printer maker Océ . Canon had acquired majority ownership of Océ by March 2010, and completed the acquisition of 100% of shares in Océ by the end of 2011. In 2010, Canon acquired Tereck Office Solutions, Inc. On 16 March 2010, Canon announced that it was seeking to acquire a new .canon generic top-level domain , acquiring it in February 2015 and using it for the first time on its global website in May 2016. In

2774-489: The London-based family photo sharing startup Lifecake. In November 2015, in an effort to avoid the selling of gray-market camera gear, Canon USA filed litigation against a number of camera gear retailers. Retailers include Get It Digital, All New Shop and F&E Trading. In March 2016, Canon acquired Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation for US$ 5.9 billion. On 28 March 2017, Canon Europe announced it had acquired

2847-974: The London-based printing startup Kite. On 2 April 2019, Canon introduces two new UHDgc 2/3-inch Portable Zoom Lenses designed For 4K UHD Broadcast Cameras. In July 2020, Canon recorded its first ever quarterly loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In September 2020, Fujitsu announced that it would provide Canon with a Fujitsu Supercomputer PRIMEHPC FX1000 unit, to assist with its no-prototype development manufacturing initiative. In December 2020, Canon concluded its photographic-equipment print-ad series named "Wildlife as Canon Sees It". This series of ads began in 1981 in National Geographic magazine. In October 2023, Canon introduced its new nanoimprint lithography manufacturing systems, which it claims are simpler and more affordable than ASML 's extreme ultraviolet lithography systems. The system prints

2920-573: The PBX, such as a telephone, a fax machine , or a computer modem, is referred to as an extension and has a designated extension telephone number that may or may not be mapped automatically to the numbering plan of the central office and the telephone number block allocated to the PBX. Initially, PBX systems offered the primary advantage of cost savings for internal phone calls: handling the circuit switching locally reduced charges for telephone service via central-office lines. As PBX systems gained popularity, they began to feature services not available in

2993-602: The RC-701. The RC series was followed by the PowerShot and Digital IXUS series of digital cameras. Canon also developed the EOS series of digital single-lens reflex cameras (DSLR) which includes high-end professional models. Due to consumers switching from compact cameras to smartphones , Canon's Q1 2013 operating profit fell 34 percent year-on-year. Canon produces a range of high-output flash units for its DSLR cameras, including

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3066-452: The application is thus easier. Disadvantages of various PaaS providers as cited by their users include increased pricing at larger scales, lack of operational features, reduced control, and the difficulties of traffic routing systems. There are several types of PaaS, including public, private and hybrid. PaaS was originally intended for applications on public cloud services, before expanding to include private and hybrid options. Public PaaS

3139-672: The central office trunks and stations, or between stations. Technologically, private branch exchanges share lineage with central office telephone systems, and in larger or more complex systems, may rival a central office system in capacity and features. With a key telephone system, a station user could control the connections directly using line buttons, which indicated the status of lines with built-in lamps. Key telephone systems are primarily defined by arrangements with individual line selection buttons for each available telephone line. The earliest systems were known as wiring plans and simply consisted of telephone sets, keys, lamps, and wiring. Key

3212-483: The complexities of infrastructure (setting up, configuring and managing elements such as servers and databases). PaaS can improve the speed of developing an app, and allow its user to focus on the application itself. With PaaS, the customer manages applications and data, while the provider (in public PaaS) or IT department (in private PaaS) manages runtime , middleware , operating system , virtualization , servers , storage and networking . Development tools provided by

3285-472: The control (and features) into individual telephone sets that don't require any single shared control unit. Such systems were dubbed KSU-less ; the first such phone was introduced in 1975 with the Com Key 416. Generally, these systems are used with relatively few telephone sets and it is often more difficult to keep the feature set (such as speed-dialing numbers) in synchrony between the various sets. Into

3358-1073: The desired circuit pattern onto the silicon wafer bypassing photolithography and can produce circuits equivalent to 5  nm scale. Canon's products include cameras (including compact digital camera , video camera , film SLR and digital SLR ), camcorders , lenses , broadcasting equipment and solutions (such as free viewpoint solution), professional displays, projectors , manufacturing equipment (including photolithography equipment such as steppers , scanners ), printers , photocopiers , image scanners , digital microfilm scanners , fax machines , binoculars , microscopes , medical equipment (including diagnostic systems such as ultrasound , X-ray , CT and MRI scanners and ophthalmic equipment ), CCTV solutions, image sensors , calculators , high precision positioning and measurement devices (such as rotary encoders ), custom optical components, handy terminals , mixed reality systems, software, and space satellites . Canon has been manufacturing and distributing digital cameras since 1984, starting with

3431-465: The development of large-scale integrated circuits , key systems typically consisted of electromechanical components, such as relays , as were larger telephone switching systems. The systems marketed in North America as the 1A, 1A1, 1A2 Key System , and the 6A, are typical examples and were sold for many decades. The Western Electric 1A family of key telephone units (KTUs) was introduced in

3504-479: The expense of full-fledged PBX systems has put them out of reach of small businesses and individuals. However, since the 1990s many small, consumer-grade, and consumer-size PBXs have become available. These systems are not comparable in size, robustness, or flexibility to commercial-grade PBXs, but still provide many features. The first consumer PBX systems used analog ( POTS ) telephone lines, typically supporting four private analog and one public analog line. They were

3577-573: The features available. As the 1A1 systems became commonplace, requirements for intercom features grew. The original intercom KTUs, WECo Model 207, were wired for a single talk link, that is, a single conversation on the intercom at a time. The WECo 6A dial intercom system provided two talk links and was often installed as the dial intercom in a 1A1 or 1A2 key system. The 6A systems were complex, troublesome, and expensive, and never became popular. The advent of 1A2 technology in 1964 simplified key system setup and maintenance. These continued to be used throughout

3650-496: The first example of the perils of being dependent on a single provider. This was highlighted when the CEO ( Simon Wardley , known for Wardley maps ) announced at OSCON 2007 that Zimki would no longer be open-sourced and discussed the future of what was then called framework-as-a-service (later called platform-as-a-service) covering the importance of a market of providers based on an open-source reference model. The original intent of PaaS

3723-551: The first-ever camera with eye-controlled AF, and the PowerShot 600, its first digital camera. In 1995, Canon introduced the first commercially available SLR lens with internal image stabilization, Canon EF 75-300mm lens f/4-5.6 IS USM. The Canon EOS-RS was the world's fastest AF SLR camera with a continuous shooting speed of 10 frame/s at the time. Based on the EOS-1N, the EOS-1N RS had a fixed, semi-transparent pellicle mirror with

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3796-522: The following: Since the advent of Internet telephony ( Voice over IP ) technologies, PBX development has tended toward the IP PBX , which uses the Internet Protocol to carry calls. Most modern PBXs support VoIP. ISDN PBX systems also replaced some traditional PBXs in the 1990s, as ISDN offers features such as conference calling , call forwarding, and programmable caller ID. As of 2015, ISDN

3869-588: The founding of Precision Optical Instruments Laboratory in Japan in 1933 by Takeshi Mitarai , Goro Yoshida  [ jp ] , Saburo Uchida  [ jp ] and Takeo Maeda  [ jp ] . It became the company Precision Optical Instruments, Co., Ltd. in 1937. During its early years, the company did not have any facilities to produce its own optical glass, and its first cameras incorporated Nikkor lenses from Nippon Kogaku K.K. (the later Nikon Corporation ). Between 1933 and 1936, 'The Kwanon',

3942-578: The goddess of the dawn, along with the Canon EOS 650 autofocus SLR camera. Also in 1987, the Canon Foundation was established. In 1988, Canon introduced 'Kyosei philosophy'. The EOS 1 Flagship Professional SLR line was launched in 1989. In the same year the EOS RT, the world's first AF SLR with a fixed, semi-transparent pellicle mirror, was unveiled. In 1992, Canon launched the Canon EOS 5 ,

4015-470: The late 1930s and remained in use until the 1950s. 1A equipment was primitive and required at least two KTUs per line; one for line termination and one for station (telephone instrument) termination. The telephone instrument commonly used by 1A systems was the WECo 300/400-series telephone . Introduced in 1953, 1A1 key systems simplified wiring with a single KTU for both line and station termination, and increased

4088-634: The modern hybrid telephone system, as the features of PBXs and key systems quickly merged. One of the most recognized such systems is the AT&;T Merlin . Additionally, these more modern systems allowed a diverse set of features including: Features could be added or modified simply using software, allowing easy customization of these systems. The stations were easier to maintain than the previous electromechanical key systems, as they used efficient LEDs instead of incandescent light bulbs for line status indication. LSI also allowed smaller systems to distribute

4161-445: The outgoing line automatically. The telephone sets connected to a PBX do not normally have special keys for central-office line control, but it is not uncommon for key systems to be connected to a PBX to extend its services. A PBX, in contrast to a key system, employs an organizational numbering plan for its stations. In addition, a dial plan determines whether additional digit sequences must be prefixed when dialing to obtain access to

4234-688: The overall market was less than 5%. Still, Canon maintains a great presence in the i-line stepper market. Canon introduced two MSX home computer models in 1983, the V-10 and the V-20 . Both offered just the minimum range of the MSX standards without any additional features. The V-20 was able to receive shooting data from the T90 Canon camera with the Data Memory Back T90 expansion. Canon also sold

4307-478: The printer is low on ink. Canon settled the lawsuit in 2023 without admitting guilt. Canon's largest division in terms of revenue is its multifunction copier division. Canon distributes its consumer and home office imageCLASS line though retail outlets and professional-grade imageRUNNER series through subsidiary Canon Solutions America and independent distributors. The professional-grade series ranges from small table tops to large digital presses. Canon manufactures

4380-578: The provider actually hosts the PBX and the phone handsets are connected to it through an internet connection. Open source projects have provided PBX-style features since the 1990s. These projects provide flexibility, features, and programmability. Functionally, the PBX performs four main call processing duties: In addition to these basic functions, PBXs offer many other calling features and capabilities, with different manufacturers providing different features in an effort to differentiate their products. Common capabilities include (manufacturers may have

4453-406: The public network, such as hunt groups , call forwarding, and extension dialing. From the 1960s, a simulated PBX, known as Centrex , provided similar features from the central telephone exchange . A PBX differs from a key telephone system (KTS) in that users of a key system manually select their own outgoing lines on special telephone sets that control buttons for this purpose, while PBXs select

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4526-450: The service engineering aspects, PaaS offerings include mechanisms for service management, such as monitoring, workflow management, discovery and reservation. The advantages of PaaS are primarily that it allows for higher-level programming with dramatically reduced complexity; the overall development of the application can be more effective, as it has built-in/self up-and-down ramping infrastructure resources; and maintenance and enhancement of

4599-499: The service is provided by a lease agreement and the provider can, in some configurations, use the same switching equipment to service multiple hosted PBX customers. The first hosted PBX services were feature-rich compared to most premises-based systems of the time. Some PBX functions, such as follow-me calling, appeared in a hosted service before they became available in hardware PBX equipment. Since its introduction, updates and new offerings have moved feature sets in both directions. It

4672-612: The size of a small cigar box . In Europe, these systems for analog phones were followed by consumer-grade PBXs for ISDN . Using small PBXs for ISDN is a logical step since the ISDN basic rate interface provides two logical phone lines (via two ISDN B channels) that can be used in parallel. With the adoption of VoIP by consumers, consumer VoIP PBXs have appeared, with PBX functions becoming simple additional software features of consumer-grade routers and switches. Additionally, many telecommunications providers now offer hosted PBX systems where

4745-591: The taking of pictures through the mirror. In 1971, Canon introduced the Canon F-1 , a high-end SLR camera, and the FD lens range . In 1976, Canon launched the Canon AE-1 , the world's first camera with an embedded micro-computer. Canon introduced their Inkjet printer using bubble-jet technology in 1985, one year after Hewlett-Packard. In 1987, Canon introduced their Canon Electro-Optical System (EOS), named after

4818-427: The terms private automatic branch exchange (PABX) and private manual branch exchange (PMBX) differentiated them. Solid-state digital systems were sometimes referred to as electronic private automatic branch exchanges (EPABX) . As of 2021 , the term PBX is by far the most widely recognized. The abbreviation now applies to all types of complex, in-house telephony switching systems. Two significant developments during

4891-678: The third quarter of 2012, Canon's global market share in the sale of printers, copiers and multifunction devices was 20.90%. In early 2013, Canon USA moved into a new US$ 500 million headquarters in Melville, New York . In February 2014, Canon announced it would acquire Texas -based Molecular Imprints Inc., a developer of nanoprint lithography systems, for an amount speculated to be around US$ 98 million. On 13 June 2014, Canon announced it had acquired Danish IP Surveillance VMS software company Milestone Systems. Milestone provides open-platform software to allow video management from various vendors in

4964-535: The vendor are customized according to the needs of the user. The user can choose to maintain the software, or have the vendor maintain it. PaaS offerings may also include facilities for application design, application development, testing and deployment, as well as services such as team collaboration , web service integration, and marshalling , database integration, security, scalability, storage, persistence, state management, application versioning, application instrumentation, and developer community facilitation. Besides

5037-400: The world, decided to start selling the sensors to other companies. However, it does not plan to sell smartphone image sensors to focus on the niche markets such as industrial and space observation. Although Canon had withdrawn from the so-called ' pixel count race' in the 2000s, it has been on the cutting edge as to the image sensor resolution in recent years. A demo of a 250MP image sensor

5110-416: Was a Bell System term of art for a customer-controlled switching system such as the line buttons on the phones associated with such systems. The electrical components that allow for the selection of lines and features such as hold and intercom are housed in a panel or cabinet, called the key service unit or key system unit (KSU). The wiring plans evolved into modular hardware building blocks with

5183-491: Was revealed in 2015 and reported to be launched in 2020. In 2018, Canon launched a 120MP image sensor as a part of its latest BtoB offerings. For many years, Canon was the principal maker of the print engines found in industry-standard laser printers. The first models of Apple LaserWriter and the equivalent products made by HP used the Canon LBP-CX engine. The next models (LaserWriter II series, LaserJet II series) used

5256-537: Was the 1964 Canola 130. It had 13 digits, a result of marketing research. The reason for the odd number of figures was based on selling it to the Japanese central bank. Given the low value of the Japanese Yen, 13 digits was a requirement of the banks. The calculator was built by germanium transistors and the display was a light pipe which gave an odd format. Canon produces a range of projectors. Canon offers

5329-437: Was to simplify the writing of code, with the infrastructure and operations handled by the PaaS provider. Originally, all PaaSes were in the public cloud. Because many companies did not want to have everything in the public cloud, private and hybrid PaaS options (managed by internal IT departments) were created. PaaS provides an environment for developers and companies to create, host and deploy applications, saving developers from

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