Misplaced Pages

Padangsidempuan

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.

Padangsidimpuan ( Padang Sidimpuan ) is a city in North Sumatra , Indonesia , and the former capital of South Tapanuli Regency , which surrounds the city. It has an area of 159.28 km and a population of 178,818 people at the 2000 census, which rose to 191,554 in the 2010 census and 225,105 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 236,217 - comprising 119,228 males and 116,989 females.

#406593

141-527: Padangsidimpuan City is located at a distance of 448 km from the provincial capital, Medan City, and is one of the areas in the far south-western part of North Sumatra Province . Around 1700, Padangsidempuan was a small hamlet that was often visited by traders as a resting place, who called it "Padang Na Dimpu", from the Angkola language . Padang means expanse or wide area, na means in, and dimpu means high, so it can be interpreted as "a wide expanse in

282-530: A height of 260 meters to 1,100 meters above sea level. The topography of the area is in the form of a valley surrounded by the Barisan Hills so that when viewed from a distance, the Padangsidimpuan city area is like a basin that resembles a lake. The highest peaks of the hills and mountains that surround this city are Mount Lubuk Raya and Bukit (Tor) Sanggarudang which are located side by side to

423-483: A high place". In ancient times, this area was a stopover place for traders from various regions, fish and salt traders from Sibolga – Padangsidempuan – Panyabungan , Padang Bolak (North Padang Lawas) – Padangsidimpuan – Sibolga. Along with the development of the city, the Dutch Colonial Government through Staatsblad Regulation No. 563/1937, raised the status of Padangsidempuan to city level, and

564-765: A member of the Asahan royal family, was selected as head of state for the NST. While the Dutch wanted the NST to be seen as an orderly and progressive alternative to the republic, western-educated aristocrats saw it as a bastion for their own ethnic interests. Following the Dutch-Indonesian Round Table Conference in late 1949, the Dutch withdrew military support for the State of East Sumatra and its local authority began to collapse. The short-lived state

705-463: A member of the Asahan royal family, was selected as head of state for the NST. While the Dutch wanted the NST to be seen as an orderly and progressive alternative to the republic, western-educated aristocrats saw it as a bastion for their own ethnic interests. Following the Dutch-Indonesian Round Table Conference in late 1949, the Dutch withdrew military support for the State of East Sumatra and its local authority began to collapse. The short-lived state

846-633: A subsequent Dutch victory. Meanwhile, particularly after 1869, Dutch tobacco plantation activities expanded on the east coast, including the estab;ishment of Deli Maatschappij and London Sumatra , using land leased from the Malay sultans. As there was a worker shortage, the Dutch began importing labourers from Java , Southern China and Southern India . This first big wave of migration established substantial Javanese , Chinese , and Indian populations in North Sumatra that remain to this day. By 1874,

987-518: A subsequent Dutch victory. Meanwhile, particularly after 1869, Dutch tobacco plantation activities expanded on the east coast, including the estab;ishment of Deli Maatschappij and London Sumatra , using land leased from the Malay sultans. As there was a worker shortage, the Dutch began importing labourers from Java , Southern China and Southern India . This first big wave of migration established substantial Javanese , Chinese , and Indian populations in North Sumatra that remain to this day. By 1874,

1128-587: A worldwide decrease in temperatures between 3 and 5 °C (5.4 and 9.0 °F), and up to 15 °C (27 °F) in higher latitudes. Additional studies in Lake Malawi in East Africa show significant amounts of ash deposited by the Toba Caldera eruptions, despite a great distance from the area, but these studies offer little indication of a significant climatic effect in East Africa. According to

1269-407: A worldwide decrease in temperatures between 3 and 5 °C (5.4 and 9.0 °F), and up to 15 °C (27 °F) in higher latitudes. Additional studies in Lake Malawi in East Africa show significant amounts of ash deposited by the Toba Caldera eruptions, despite a great distance from the area, but these studies offer little indication of a significant climatic effect in East Africa. According to

1410-540: Is Medan on the east coast of the island. It is bordered by Aceh on the northwest and Riau and West Sumatra on the southeast, by coastlines located on the Indian Ocean to the west, and by the Strait of Malacca (with a maritime border with Malaysia ) to the east. With a 2020 population around 14.8 million and mid-2023 estimate around 15.4 million, North Sumatra is Indonesia's fourth most populous province and

1551-402: Is a province of Indonesia located in the northern part of the island of Sumatra , just south of Aceh . Its capital and largest city is Medan on the east coast of the island. It is bordered by Aceh on the northwest and Riau and West Sumatra on the southeast, by coastlines located on the Indian Ocean to the west, and by the Strait of Malacca (with a maritime border with Malaysia ) to

SECTION 10

#1732772393407

1692-430: Is a city icon and many Padangsidimpuan residents use it as a tourist park or place to relax, usually from afternoon to evening. Padang Nadimpu Square (Bahasa Indonesia : Alun-alun Padang nadimpu = Bahasa Angkola-mandailing : Alaman Bolak Padang Nadimpu ) is located in the city center, which is a Community Gathering Center which is open to the public, which is usually visited in the afternoon and evening, to enjoy

1833-555: Is a stage towards the status of an autonomous city consisting of two sub-districts, namely South Padangsidempuan and North Padangsidempuan. Padangsidimpuan is a medium-sized city located in North Sumatra Province and is located southeast of Sibolga . Padangsidimpuan City was formed in 2001 based on Law Number 04 of 2001 concerning the Establishment of Padangsidimpuan City. Geographically, Padangsidimpuan City

1974-477: Is abbreviated to "PS" in the table above. The income of the people of Padangsidimpuan is mostly from farming. includes rice fields and plantations . The main plantation production is Zalacca . In the past, zalacca plantations were only concentrated at the foot of Tor Sanggarudang (including, Hutakoje, Hutalambung, Sibakkua) and in the late 1970s zalacca plantations then expanded to the foot of Mount Lubukraya (such as Lobu Layan, Sitaratoit, Pintu Langit), and

2115-538: Is approximately 3 km from the City Center, and from the top of this hill offers views of Padangsidimpuan City from the top of the hills, which have beautiful views and at the top of Simarsayang Hill, and there are several cafes or relaxing places. It starts to get busy in the afternoon until evening to see Padangsidimpuan City at night. North Sumatra Province North Sumatra ( Indonesian : Sumatera Utara ), also called North Sumatra Province ,

2256-554: Is home to the Toba Supervolcano , located in what is now Lake Toba , which erupted 74,000–75,000 years ago , wiping out nearly all of humanity. The supereruption resulted in the creation of Lake Toba and was rated a VEI-8 eruption . During Dutch rule, North Sumatra was administered under the Gouvernement van Sumatra , which governed the entire island of Sumatra out of Medan. In 1948, after Indonesian independence

2397-512: Is located at 01º 08' 00 - 01 28' 00 North Latitude 2 and 99º 13' 00 - 99º 20'00 East Longitude which has a tropical climate with an average air temperature of 22 .5 °C - 24 °C and is surrounded by several hills and crossed by several rivers and streams. The city of Padangsidimpuan is located stretching from northwest to southeast in the valley of Mount Lubuk Raya, the Bukit Barisan ridge, which consists of hills and lowlands with

2538-433: Is located in the city of Medan , governed by a governor . Earlier governments ruled all of Sumatra (1945-1950); and a North Sumatra Province that included Aceh (1950-1956). In 1956, Aceh split off to form a separate Aceh Province. North Sumatra is currently subdivided into 25 regencies ( kabupaten ) and 8 autonomous cities (formerly municipalities). When originally created as a province with its current boundaries, it

2679-433: Is located in the city of Medan , governed by a governor . Earlier governments ruled all of Sumatra (1945-1950); and a North Sumatra Province that included Aceh (1950-1956). In 1956, Aceh split off to form a separate Aceh Province. North Sumatra is currently subdivided into 25 regencies ( kabupaten ) and 8 autonomous cities (formerly municipalities). When originally created as a province with its current boundaries, it

2820-563: Is located on a high plateau that runs along the Bukit Barisan mountains, from central North Sumatra to the western coast. The tallest mountain in the province is Mount Sinabung in Karo Regency , at elevation around 2,460 metres (8,070 ft), the most active volcano in the region. Volcanic activities (cracks where steam, gas, and lava are emitted) were observed at the summit in 1912; recent documented events include an eruption in

2961-440: Is located on a high plateau that runs along the Bukit Barisan mountains, from central North Sumatra to the western coast. The tallest mountain in the province is Mount Sinabung in Karo Regency , at elevation around 2,460 metres (8,070 ft), the most active volcano in the region. Volcanic activities (cracks where steam, gas, and lava are emitted) were observed at the summit in 1912; recent documented events include an eruption in

SECTION 20

#1732772393407

3102-469: Is not very big. So you can be sure that if the passenger has a large body then this rickshaw can only accommodate one person. How could it not be called an old Vespa tricycle? Because all of the tricycles, which are estimated to be more than 1,000 units, are guaranteed to be produced in the 70s. Generally, this Vespa tricycle was released in 1973, there was also the Vespa sprint series in 1970. Even though

3243-574: Is opened by Aek Sibontar near the Naposo Stadium. The city is divided into six districts ( Indonesian : kecamatan ), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census and the 2020 Census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centers, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 37 urban kelurahan and 42 rural desa ), and its post codes. Note that "Padangsidimpuan"

3384-558: Is predominantly inhabited by other Batak groups ( Toba , Simalungun and Karo ). The Nias people are indigenous to Nias Island and its surrounding islets. With the opening of tobacco plantations in East Sumatra during the colonial era, the colonial government employed many contract labourers for plantations, they were mainly Chinese, Javanese and Indian migrants, who were majority does not returned after end contract and decided to stay in North Sumatra. The rapid urbanisation in

3525-497: Is predominantly inhabited by other Batak groups ( Toba , Simalungun and Karo ). The Nias people are indigenous to Nias Island and its surrounding islets. With the opening of tobacco plantations in East Sumatra during the colonial era, the colonial government employed many contract labourers for plantations, they were mainly Chinese, Javanese and Indian migrants, who were majority does not returned after end contract and decided to stay in North Sumatra. The rapid urbanisation in

3666-514: Is quite strategic, because it is on the main route which is a link between various growth centers in the Sumatra region. The distance from Padangsidimpuan via Sibolga to Medan is 470 Km2, the distance from Padangsidimpuan via Sipirok to Medan is 406 Km2, and the distance from Padangsidimpuan City via Gunung Tua to Medan is 507 Km2. This city is the intersection of land routes to the cities of Medan, Sibolga, and Padang ( West Sumatra ) on

3807-469: Is the Vespa tricycle. Motorized becaks in various Indonesian cities usually use mopeds or scooters. But in Padang Sidempuan, it's the old school Vespa that powers the rickshaws. The rickshaw shape is also interesting. The seat for carrying passengers from the front is similar to the front of a bus. The front has clear glass forming a concave shape, passengers board from the left side. The seat

3948-399: Is the site of a supervolcanic eruption that occurred 69,000 to 77,000 years ago, estimated at VEI 8, that formed a climate-changing event. Recent advances in dating methods suggest more precise dating at 74,000 years ago. It is the largest-known explosive eruption on Earth in the last 25 million years. It has been accepted that the eruption of the Toba Caldera led to a volcanic winter with

4089-399: Is the site of a supervolcanic eruption that occurred 69,000 to 77,000 years ago, estimated at VEI 8, that formed a climate-changing event. Recent advances in dating methods suggest more precise dating at 74,000 years ago. It is the largest-known explosive eruption on Earth in the last 25 million years. It has been accepted that the eruption of the Toba Caldera led to a volcanic winter with

4230-663: The Batu Islands . There are 419 islands in North Sumatra. The outer islands include the island of Simuk (the most westerly of the Batu Islands) and the island of Berhala in the Strait of Malacca. The Nias archipelago, located off the coast of western Sumatra in the Indian Ocean, consists of Nias Island and other much smaller islands in its vicinity. Its administrative centre is located at the city of Gunungsitoli on

4371-428: The Batu Islands . There are 419 islands in North Sumatra. The outer islands include the island of Simuk (the most westerly of the Batu Islands) and the island of Berhala in the Strait of Malacca. The Nias archipelago, located off the coast of western Sumatra in the Indian Ocean, consists of Nias Island and other much smaller islands in its vicinity. Its administrative centre is located at the city of Gunungsitoli on

Padangsidempuan - Misplaced Pages Continue

4512-761: The Dutch East India Company (the VOC) in 1641. Coastal areas of North Sumatra felt economic impacts as the VOC subsequently reduced the presence of trade in Malacca and shifted resources towards Batavia . Still, North Sumatra also saw an increase in Arab, Chinese and Indian traders. After Britain gained a position on the nearby island of Penang , the British traded heavily with the east coast of Sumatra. Prior to

4653-427: The Dutch East India Company (the VOC) in 1641. Coastal areas of North Sumatra felt economic impacts as the VOC subsequently reduced the presence of trade in Malacca and shifted resources towards Batavia . Still, North Sumatra also saw an increase in Arab, Chinese and Indian traders. After Britain gained a position on the nearby island of Penang , the British traded heavily with the east coast of Sumatra. Prior to

4794-666: The Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) with the youth of the people launching an attack on the Dutch troops who entered Padangsidempuan. After the attack, they withdrew. Through Padangsidempuan, the Dutch army was able to occupy Pijorkoling. After recognition of the sovereignty of the Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference , On March 11, 1950, the South Tapanuli Regency People's Representative Council

4935-574: The Malay , native to the east coast; several Batak groups, indigenous to the west coast and central highlands; the Nias people of Nias Island and its surrounding islets; and Chinese , Javanese , and Indian peoples, who first migrated to Sumatra during Dutch rule . North Sumatra is home to the Toba Supervolcano , located in what is now Lake Toba , which erupted 74,000–75,000 years ago , wiping out nearly all of humanity. The supereruption resulted in

5076-589: The Mesolithic era (Middle Stone Age). They spread to the eastern part of Indonesia to the island of Papua , and to the west to North Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula . Early peoples in North Sumatra consumed mostly snails and clams, leaving large shell deposits sometimes referred to as kjokkenmoddinger (kitchen waste), some of which are still found as hills in Saentis, Hinai, Tanjung Beringin, along

5217-677: The Nias people also came from the Austronesian peoples , though their initial ancestors may have arrived earlier: ancestors of the Nias people are thought to have come from Taiwan through the Philippines 4,000 to 5,000 years ago. Ten years of research involving blood samples of 440 Nias people in 11 villages on Nias island show similarities between their Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA and that of Taiwanese and Filipino peoples . The eastern coastal area of North Sumatra, located on

5358-507: The Nias people also came from the Austronesian peoples , though their initial ancestors may have arrived earlier: ancestors of the Nias people are thought to have come from Taiwan through the Philippines 4,000 to 5,000 years ago. Ten years of research involving blood samples of 440 Nias people in 11 villages on Nias island show similarities between their Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA and that of Taiwanese and Filipino peoples . The eastern coastal area of North Sumatra, located on

5499-578: The People's Representative Council . Each of the three districts elects 10 members to the People's Representative Council (for a total of 30 members from the province). North Sumatra recorded a population of 12,985,075 in the 2010 national census, making the 4th most populous province in Indonesia, with a sex ratio of 99.59 men per 100 women. The 2015 Intermediate census gave a total of 13,923,262, while

5640-416: The People's Representative Council . Each of the three districts elects 10 members to the People's Representative Council (for a total of 30 members from the province). North Sumatra recorded a population of 12,985,075 in the 2010 national census, making the 4th most populous province in Indonesia, with a sex ratio of 99.59 men per 100 women. The 2015 Intermediate census gave a total of 13,923,262, while

5781-513: The State of East Sumatra ( Indonesian : Negara Sumatra Timur (NST) ) as part of the planned United States of Indonesia . The state lasted from December 1947 to August 1950. In addition to the Dutch, the NST state was supported by Malay aristocrats, most of the Simalungun rajas, some Karo chieftains, and Chinese groups who felt that the revolution threatened their interests. Dr Tengku Mansu,

Padangsidempuan - Misplaced Pages Continue

5922-403: The State of East Sumatra ( Indonesian : Negara Sumatra Timur (NST) ) as part of the planned United States of Indonesia . The state lasted from December 1947 to August 1950. In addition to the Dutch, the NST state was supported by Malay aristocrats, most of the Simalungun rajas, some Karo chieftains, and Chinese groups who felt that the revolution threatened their interests. Dr Tengku Mansu,

6063-605: The Toba catastrophe theory , the eruption killed most humans living at that time and is believed to have created a population bottleneck in central East Africa and India, affecting the human genome to the present day. More recent studies have cast doubt on this theory and found no evidence of substantial changes in population. In North Sumatra, there are currently two national parks: the Gunung Leuser National Park and Batang Gadis National Park . According to

6204-475: The Toba catastrophe theory , the eruption killed most humans living at that time and is believed to have created a population bottleneck in central East Africa and India, affecting the human genome to the present day. More recent studies have cast doubt on this theory and found no evidence of substantial changes in population. In North Sumatra, there are currently two national parks: the Gunung Leuser National Park and Batang Gadis National Park . According to

6345-690: The city of Gunungsitoli , were split off from the remainder of Nias Regency. Notes: (a) UU is an abbreviation from Undang-Undang (the Indonesia statute of law). (b) South Nias Regency includes the Batu Islands . The region include 124 smaller offshore islands - 87 in South Nias Regency (primarily the Batu Islands), 11 in West Nias Regency, 19 in North Nias Regency and 7 in Nias Regency. This region comprises

6486-423: The city of Gunungsitoli , were split off from the remainder of Nias Regency. Notes: (a) UU is an abbreviation from Undang-Undang (the Indonesia statute of law). (b) South Nias Regency includes the Batu Islands . The region include 124 smaller offshore islands - 87 in South Nias Regency (primarily the Batu Islands), 11 in West Nias Regency, 19 in North Nias Regency and 7 in Nias Regency. This region comprises

6627-538: The 15th century, also refers to the "Kingdom of Bata" between Pasai and the Aru kingdom. The Batak mainly practiced animism and cannibalism and remained isolated from foreign culture and kingdoms like Srivijaya and Majapahit. The Toba people divided the Batak Lands into several independent kingdoms, which often entered into defensive alliances. Of the many kingdoms, Bakkara and their king or Sisingamangaraja held

6768-429: The 15th century, also refers to the "Kingdom of Bata" between Pasai and the Aru kingdom. The Batak mainly practiced animism and cannibalism and remained isolated from foreign culture and kingdoms like Srivijaya and Majapahit. The Toba people divided the Batak Lands into several independent kingdoms, which often entered into defensive alliances. Of the many kingdoms, Bakkara and their king or Sisingamangaraja held

6909-529: The 2020 census gave a total of 14,799,361, and the official estimate for mid-2023 was 15,386,640. The mid-2023 total comprised 7,721,314 males and 7,665,326 females, giving a sex ratio of 100.73 men per 100 women. It was reported in January 2024 that a group of 140 Rohingya people, consisting mostly of women and children had landed in Indonesia and been directed by the military to the North Sumatra region. This has been one of several groups that have arrived in

7050-474: The 2020 census gave a total of 14,799,361, and the official estimate for mid-2023 was 15,386,640. The mid-2023 total comprised 7,721,314 males and 7,665,326 females, giving a sex ratio of 100.73 men per 100 women. It was reported in January 2024 that a group of 140 Rohingya people, consisting mostly of women and children had landed in Indonesia and been directed by the military to the North Sumatra region. This has been one of several groups that have arrived in

7191-564: The Deli-Langkat shore, and on river banks. In the second wave of migration from mainland Southeast Asia c.  1000 BC , the Young Malays or Deutero Malays settled on the coast. They mainly lived by fishing and by cultivating the marshy land for agriculture. Their villages were scattered along the big rivers that flow to the east coast of North Sumatra such as Besitang, Wampu , Asahan , and Barumun . Larger villages grew at

SECTION 50

#1732772393407

7332-662: The Dutch Military Aggression was taking place which aimed to defend the Republic of Indonesia from Operation Kraai . After Mohammad Hatta visited Padangsidempuan, President Sukarno visited the following year and was warmly welcomed when he arrived, and gave his speech at Pasar Batu and a square (now a Grand Mosque Al-Abror/New Grand Mosque), and then continued to Sibolga and Tarutung. Several months after President Sukarno's arrival in Padangsidempuan,

7473-703: The Dutch army crossed the status quo line in Ajibata early in the morning at 3:00, and at 5:00 their troops landed in Balige . By transporting troops via Lake Toba , the Dutch army had succeeded in cutting through the T.N.I.'s defenses. Meanwhile, the Dutch army deployed its paratroopers at the Silangit airport in Siborong-borong . At midday the Dutch army arrived in Tarutung . On December 24, 1948, at 9:00 AM,

7614-515: The Dutch army landed its troops in Sibolga . All the operations carried were out by the Dutch, namely breaking the static line on Rakjat and Ajibata Islands, and disembarking their troops in "Silangit" and landing their troops in Sibolga, assisted by airplanes which dropped bombs and carried out shootings with machine guns. On January 2, 1949, Padangsidempuan was occupied by Dutch troops. That night

7755-589: The Dutch violated the Renville Agreement and invaded Tapanuli , in the early hours of December 19, 1948. Dutch soldiers violated the status quo line in Asahan by shooting dead members of the Security Police who were carrying out their duties in the security area of the Republic. On that day the Dutch army also pushed through Rantau Prapat to Wingfoot (now Kotapinang ). On September 23, 1948,

7896-555: The Japanese occupation officially ended with Japan's surrender in the Pacific and two days later Sukarno declared Indonesian Independence , beginning the four-year Indonesian War of Independence against the Dutch. Beginning on 3 March 1946, there was a social revolution in East Sumatra . Across 25 "native states", many sultanates were overthrown. Armed pergerakan groups (Indonesian nationalists) conducted mass killings of

8037-444: The Japanese occupation officially ended with Japan's surrender in the Pacific and two days later Sukarno declared Indonesian Independence , beginning the four-year Indonesian War of Independence against the Dutch. Beginning on 3 March 1946, there was a social revolution in East Sumatra . Across 25 "native states", many sultanates were overthrown. Armed pergerakan groups (Indonesian nationalists) conducted mass killings of

8178-512: The Mesolithic era have been found in North Sumatra, including finely honed stone axes, bone tools, and painting materials. Linguistic and archaeological evidence indicates that Austronesian speakers reached Sumatra from Taiwan and the Philippines through Borneo or Java about 2,500 years ago, and the Batak probably descended from these settlers. New genetic research has found that

8319-485: The Ministerial Decree No. 44 of 2005, forest area in North Sumatra today covers 3,742,120 hectares (9,247,000 acres), consisting of a 477,070-hectare (ha) Natural Reserve Area/Natural Conservation Area, 1,297,330 ha of protected forest, 879,270 ha of limited production forest, 1,035,690 ha of permanent production forest, and 52,7600 ha of production forest that can be converted to another status. However,

8460-412: The Ministerial Decree No. 44 of 2005, forest area in North Sumatra today covers 3,742,120 hectares (9,247,000 acres), consisting of a 477,070-hectare (ha) Natural Reserve Area/Natural Conservation Area, 1,297,330 ha of protected forest, 879,270 ha of limited production forest, 1,035,690 ha of permanent production forest, and 52,7600 ha of production forest that can be converted to another status. However,

8601-475: The People's Representative Council ( Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat or DPR) to create three new provinces from parts of the present North Sumatra: Nias Islands, Tapanuli, and East Sumatra; however since 2013 the Indonesian Government have maintained a moratorium on the intended creation of new provinces, regencies and cities. The present regencies and cities are grouped for convenience below according to

SECTION 60

#1732772393407

8742-402: The People's Representative Council ( Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat or DPR) to create three new provinces from parts of the present North Sumatra: Nias Islands, Tapanuli, and East Sumatra; however since 2013 the Indonesian Government have maintained a moratorium on the intended creation of new provinces, regencies and cities. The present regencies and cities are grouped for convenience below according to

8883-642: The UK maintained a presence in several places that were considered important for trade, including parts of Sumatra and Kalimantan. During the Padri War , in the years prior to 1860, Dutch forces arrived in South Tapanuki at the request of a local leader to provide protection. The Siak sultan subsequently signed a treaty with the Dutch East Indies government recognizing Dutch authority over it and

9024-407: The UK maintained a presence in several places that were considered important for trade, including parts of Sumatra and Kalimantan. During the Padri War , in the years prior to 1860, Dutch forces arrived in South Tapanuki at the request of a local leader to provide protection. The Siak sultan subsequently signed a treaty with the Dutch East Indies government recognizing Dutch authority over it and

9165-459: The Vespa was from the old era, this rickshaw is still maintained. Even though there are many newer motorbikes with more sophisticated engines, this does not influence pedicab owners to change them. The old school Vespa is still maintained as a characteristic of the city of Sidempuan. Total population Padang Sidempuan Municipality in 2022 was estimated at 231,062 people, consisting of 115,038 male and 116,024 female residents with area 159.28 km2, so

9306-521: The administrative division of the city at that time was divided into 6 Weks ( Wijk In Dutch), namely Wek I (Kampung Marancar), Wek II (Pasar Julu), Wek III (Kampung Teleng), Wek IV (Kampung Jawa), Wek V (Pasar Siborang and Sitamiang), and Wek VI (Kampung Darek). Over time, the city developed and became the center of the economy in the Tapanoeli Residency , along with the development of plantation industries such as rubber and coffee, and also

9447-499: The anniversary of North Sumatra Province. Act R.I. No. 24 of 1956, promulgated on December 7, 1956, re-established an autonomous Aceh Province, independent of the Province of North Sumatra. The province of North Sumatra stretches across the island of Sumatra , between the Indian Ocean and the Strait of Malacca , with an area of 72,460.74 km . It borders the province of Aceh to the northwest and Riau and West Sumatra to

9588-443: The anniversary of North Sumatra Province. Act R.I. No. 24 of 1956, promulgated on December 7, 1956, re-established an autonomous Aceh Province, independent of the Province of North Sumatra. The province of North Sumatra stretches across the island of Sumatra , between the Indian Ocean and the Strait of Malacca , with an area of 72,460.74 km . It borders the province of Aceh to the northwest and Riau and West Sumatra to

9729-407: The area over the preceding months. Ethnic groups in North Sumatra (census 2010). North Sumatra is a multi-ethnic province. The Malay people are regarded as the majority people of the east coast of the province, while the west coast of the province is mainly inhabited by the Batak ( Pakpak , Angkola and Mandailing groups). The central region around Lake Toba to the northern Karo highland

9870-407: The area over the preceding months. Ethnic groups in North Sumatra (census 2010). North Sumatra is a multi-ethnic province. The Malay people are regarded as the majority people of the east coast of the province, while the west coast of the province is mainly inhabited by the Batak ( Pakpak , Angkola and Mandailing groups). The central region around Lake Toba to the northern Karo highland

10011-482: The atmosphere in the city center. The Pasar Pajak Batu area is an area that is one of the economic centers in Padangsidimpuan City, which sells necessities, typical souvenirs from Padangsidimpuan City (Silua Sidimpuan), and also sells other community needs, and at night, this area becomes a culinary center for the community. Padangsidimpuan City. Tor Simarsayang is a hill in Padangsidimpuan City, which

10152-402: The creation of Lake Toba and was rated a VEI-8 eruption . During Dutch rule, North Sumatra was administered under the Gouvernement van Sumatra , which governed the entire island of Sumatra out of Medan. In 1948, after Indonesian independence was proclaimed, Sumatra Province was divided into three sub-provinces, each of which had the right to regulate and manage its own affairs. April 15, 1948

10293-557: The early hours of 29 August 2010 and eruptions in September and November 2013, January, February and October 2014. Another volcano nearby is Mount Sibayak , also located in the Karo highland, sitting at an elevation of 2,181 metres (7,156 ft). Crystalline sulfur deposits on Mount Sibayak have historically been mined on a small scale, and seepage of sulfurous gases has caused acidic discolouration of its small crater lake . Lake Toba

10434-449: The early hours of 29 August 2010 and eruptions in September and November 2013, January, February and October 2014. Another volcano nearby is Mount Sibayak , also located in the Karo highland, sitting at an elevation of 2,181 metres (7,156 ft). Crystalline sulfur deposits on Mount Sibayak have historically been mined on a small scale, and seepage of sulfurous gases has caused acidic discolouration of its small crater lake . Lake Toba

10575-422: The east. With a 2020 population around 14.8 million and mid-2023 estimate around 15.4 million, North Sumatra is Indonesia's fourth most populous province and the most populous province outside of Java Island . At 72,460.74 square kilometres (27,977.25 sq mi), North Sumatra is also the third-largest province in area on the island of Sumatra behind South Sumatra and Riau . Major ethnic groups include

10716-406: The eastern part of Indonesia to the island of Papua , and to the west to North Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula . Early peoples in North Sumatra consumed mostly snails and clams, leaving large shell deposits sometimes referred to as kjokkenmoddinger (kitchen waste), some of which are still found as hills in Saentis, Hinai, Tanjung Beringin, along the Deli-Langkat shore, and on river banks. In

10857-400: The figure above is only de jure . In reality, the forests are not as large as the figures suggest. A lot of the forests are damaged, due to encroachment and illegal logging . So far, over 206,000 ha of forests in Sumatra have experienced changes in function. As many as 163,000 ha were converted to plantations and 42,900 ha were transmigration areas. The administrative centre of North Sumatra

10998-400: The figure above is only de jure . In reality, the forests are not as large as the figures suggest. A lot of the forests are damaged, due to encroachment and illegal logging . So far, over 206,000 ha of forests in Sumatra have experienced changes in function. As many as 163,000 ha were converted to plantations and 42,900 ha were transmigration areas. The administrative centre of North Sumatra

11139-1226: The five cities. The new regency of Serdang Bedagai was formed on 18 December 2003 from part of Deli Serdang Regency, and the new regency of Batubara was formed on 2 January 2007 from part of Asahan Regency. Two further regencies were formed on 24 June 2008 - North Labuhanbatu and South Labuhanbatu - both from parts of Labuhanbatu Regency. The region includes 38 offshore islands - 11 in Langkat Regency, 1 in Deli Serdang, 1 in Medan City, 2 in Serdang Bedagai, 1 in Simalungun, 2 in Batubara, 4 in Asahan, 8 (riverine islands) in Tanjungbalai City, 2 in North Labuhanbatu and 6 in Labuhanbatu Regency. The province comprises three of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to

11280-713: The five cities. The new regency of Serdang Bedagai was formed on 18 December 2003 from part of Deli Serdang Regency, and the new regency of Batubara was formed on 2 January 2007 from part of Asahan Regency. Two further regencies were formed on 24 June 2008 - North Labuhanbatu and South Labuhanbatu - both from parts of Labuhanbatu Regency. The region includes 38 offshore islands - 11 in Langkat Regency, 1 in Deli Serdang, 1 in Medan City, 2 in Serdang Bedagai, 1 in Simalungun, 2 in Batubara, 4 in Asahan, 8 (riverine islands) in Tanjungbalai City, 2 in North Labuhanbatu and 6 in Labuhanbatu Regency. The province comprises three of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to

11421-638: The landlocked Lake Toba comprising 1 in North Tapanuli Regency ( Pulau Sibandang ), 5 in Samosir Regency and 1 in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. The region comprises the northeastern part of the province on the island of Sumatra, and equates to the former State of East Sumatra which existed at the time of independence. It now covers ten regencies and five cities, but originally there were just six regencies and

11562-418: The landlocked Lake Toba comprising 1 in North Tapanuli Regency ( Pulau Sibandang ), 5 in Samosir Regency and 1 in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. The region comprises the northeastern part of the province on the island of Sumatra, and equates to the former State of East Sumatra which existed at the time of independence. It now covers ten regencies and five cities, but originally there were just six regencies and

11703-465: The members of aristocratic families. To opportunistic pergerakan militants (including Communist Party of Indonesia members Xarim MS and Luat Siregar), the revolutionary movement was seen as a means for East Sumatra to be freed from colonial rule and to join the larger Indonesian National Revolution . Participants of the revolution were believed to be provoked by leaders to kill aristocrats and create violence with three prime objectives: to eliminate

11844-465: The members of aristocratic families. To opportunistic pergerakan militants (including Communist Party of Indonesia members Xarim MS and Luat Siregar), the revolutionary movement was seen as a means for East Sumatra to be freed from colonial rule and to join the larger Indonesian National Revolution . Participants of the revolution were believed to be provoked by leaders to kill aristocrats and create violence with three prime objectives: to eliminate

11985-551: The most populous province outside of Java Island . At 72,460.74 square kilometres (27,977.25 sq mi), North Sumatra is also the third-largest province in area on the island of Sumatra behind South Sumatra and Riau . Major ethnic groups include the Malay , native to the east coast; several Batak groups, indigenous to the west coast and central highlands; the Nias people of Nias Island and its surrounding islets; and Chinese , Javanese , and Indian peoples, who first migrated to Sumatra during Dutch rule . North Sumatra

12126-480: The most sway due to customs and traditions which consider Bakkara the place of origin of the Batak people. The Nias people on Nias Island remained isolated during its early era. Its people practiced agriculture and cultivation, made art carvings, and adhered to shamanist and pagan practices. By c.  1500 , there were several kingdoms on the east coast of Sumatra, namely the larger Nagur and Aru kingdoms and

12267-428: The most sway due to customs and traditions which consider Bakkara the place of origin of the Batak people. The Nias people on Nias Island remained isolated during its early era. Its people practiced agriculture and cultivation, made art carvings, and adhered to shamanist and pagan practices. By c.  1500 , there were several kingdoms on the east coast of Sumatra, namely the larger Nagur and Aru kingdoms and

12408-467: The mouths of rivers and became centres of government. Relics of the Mesolithic era have been found in North Sumatra, including finely honed stone axes, bone tools, and painting materials. Linguistic and archaeological evidence indicates that Austronesian speakers reached Sumatra from Taiwan and the Philippines through Borneo or Java about 2,500 years ago, and the Batak probably descended from these settlers. New genetic research has found that

12549-603: The names of North Sumatran states he defeated in one expedition to conquer Srivijaya . States that he mentioned included Sriwijaya, Malayur, Kendara, and the Panai Kingdom . Furthermore, the Negarakertagama epic by Mpu Prapanca from the 14th century list countries found in North Sumatra, Pane, Haru, Mandailing, Tamiang, Lawas, and Barus, which were mainly defeated by the Majapahit . The earliest kingdom that

12690-421: The names of North Sumatran states he defeated in one expedition to conquer Srivijaya . States that he mentioned included Sriwijaya, Malayur, Kendara, and the Panai Kingdom . Furthermore, the Negarakertagama epic by Mpu Prapanca from the 14th century list countries found in North Sumatra, Pane, Haru, Mandailing, Tamiang, Lawas, and Barus, which were mainly defeated by the Majapahit . The earliest kingdom that

12831-544: The next day. The main force followed on bicycles. There was some resistance from the Dutch forces, particularly around Pematangsiantar , but the last major town, Sibolga , fell on 15 March. During the Japanese occupation of North Sumatra, the leader of the Japanese Armed Forces was centred in Bukittinggi , moving the de facto capital out of the Dutch centre of Medan. The occupation lasted 3 years. In 1945

12972-412: The next day. The main force followed on bicycles. There was some resistance from the Dutch forces, particularly around Pematangsiantar , but the last major town, Sibolga , fell on 15 March. During the Japanese occupation of North Sumatra, the leader of the Japanese Armed Forces was centred in Bukittinggi , moving the de facto capital out of the Dutch centre of Medan. The occupation lasted 3 years. In 1945

13113-455: The nineteenth century, Dutch power was concentrated on the island of Java and parts of the Moluccas. In the nineteenth century, the Dutch began to focus more on to areas outside Java, including North Sumatra, driving out British influence. Dutch control was formalized with the handover of most of Indonesia in the 1814 Treaty of London , which was renewed in the 1824 Treaty of London . However,

13254-399: The nineteenth century, Dutch power was concentrated on the island of Java and parts of the Moluccas. In the nineteenth century, the Dutch began to focus more on to areas outside Java, including North Sumatra, driving out British influence. Dutch control was formalized with the handover of most of Indonesia in the 1814 Treaty of London , which was renewed in the 1824 Treaty of London . However,

13395-478: The north of the city. One of the famous hills in Padangsidimpuan is Bukit (Tor) Simarsayang. Many rivers cross this city, including the Batang Ayumi River, Aek Sangkumpal Bonang (which is now the name of a shopping center in the center of this city), Aek Rukkare which joins Aek Sibontar, and Aek Batangbahal, as well as Aek Batang Angkola which flows in the southern/southwestern boundary of this city and

13536-407: The northeast coast of Nias. The Batu Islands, just southeast of Nias, consist of 51 islands including three major islands: Pini, Tanahbala and Tanahmasa. Pulau Telo is their administrative centre on the small island of Situasi. Other islands in North Sumatra include Imanna, Pasu, Bawa, Hamutaia, Batu Makelele, Masa, Bau, Simaleh, Makole, Jake, and Wunga  [ id ] . Half of the province

13677-407: The northeast coast of Nias. The Batu Islands, just southeast of Nias, consist of 51 islands including three major islands: Pini, Tanahbala and Tanahmasa. Pulau Telo is their administrative centre on the small island of Situasi. Other islands in North Sumatra include Imanna, Pasu, Bawa, Hamutaia, Batu Makelele, Masa, Bau, Simaleh, Makole, Jake, and Wunga  [ id ] . Half of the province

13818-439: The population density reaches 1.451 people/km2. The majority of residents of the city of Padang Sidimpuan are Muslim, and some are Christian, Catholic, and Buddhist. Based on the 2010 Census, the population is Muslim at 89.95%, Christian: at 8.94%, Catholic: at 0.46%, Buddhist: at 0.35%, and others: at 0.29%. Padangsidimpuan has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with moderate rainfall from June to August and heavy rainfall in

13959-505: The projected new provinces within which they are situated: . This region contains the substantial island of Nias and various small offshore islands, including the Batu Islands to the south. Originally it comprised a single Nias Regency (created on 7 November 1956), but on 25 February 2003 the southern part of the island (including the Batu Islands) was split off to form a separate South Nias Regency . On 29 October 2008 two new regencies - North Nias and West Nias - together with

14100-505: The projected new provinces within which they are situated: . This region contains the substantial island of Nias and various small offshore islands, including the Batu Islands to the south. Originally it comprised a single Nias Regency (created on 7 November 1956), but on 25 February 2003 the southern part of the island (including the Batu Islands) was split off to form a separate South Nias Regency . On 29 October 2008 two new regencies - North Nias and West Nias - together with

14241-655: The province also attract neighbouring people from Aceh, Riau and West Sumatra, which is the Aceh and Minangkabau people presents. Bataks make up 44.95% of the population, including the Batak Karo and Mandailing. The Javanese come second with 30.62%, the Malays add up to 5.92% and the ethnic Chinese comprise 5.75%. The Nias people make up around 4.10% and the rest are Minangkabau (2.66%), Acehnese (1.07%), ethnic Indian (1.00%) and other ethnic groups (1.15%) The distribution of

14382-493: The province also attract neighbouring people from Aceh, Riau and West Sumatra, which is the Aceh and Minangkabau people presents. Bataks make up 44.95% of the population, including the Batak Karo and Mandailing. The Javanese come second with 30.62%, the Malays add up to 5.92% and the ethnic Chinese comprise 5.75%. The Nias people make up around 4.10% and the rest are Minangkabau (2.66%), Acehnese (1.07%), ethnic Indian (1.00%) and other ethnic groups (1.15%) The distribution of

14523-484: The region vulnerable to outside influences from Aceh , Melaka , Portugal , Siak , and Minangkabau . The Sultanate of Aceh worked to spread Islam across the eastern coast, and in the Padri War , succeeded in spreading Islam into the southern Tapanuli kingdom. As a result of this warfare and cultural shifts, the three big kingdoms split into several small kingdoms and sultanates, including Deli , Serdang , Asahan , Langkat Sultanate , Maropat, Lingga. Malacca fell to

14664-484: The region vulnerable to outside influences from Aceh , Melaka , Portugal , Siak , and Minangkabau . The Sultanate of Aceh worked to spread Islam across the eastern coast, and in the Padri War , succeeded in spreading Islam into the southern Tapanuli kingdom. As a result of this warfare and cultural shifts, the three big kingdoms split into several small kingdoms and sultanates, including Deli , Serdang , Asahan , Langkat Sultanate , Maropat, Lingga. Malacca fell to

14805-424: The remainder are Buddhists, Hindus, or follow folk religions such as Confucians, Parmalim, and Taoists. These are the recognized religions of North Sumatra: North Sumatra Province North Sumatra ( Indonesian : Sumatera Utara ), also called North Sumatra Province , is a province of Indonesia located in the northern part of the island of Sumatra , just south of Aceh . Its capital and largest city

14946-637: The remaining months. The weather is mild throughout the years with rainy and sunny days. The development of tourism in Padangsidimpuan City is very well developed, and several areas are tourist centers for the community in Padangsidimpuan City, namely the Salak Monument area, Jalan Merdeka area, Pasar Pajak Batu area, Tor (Bukit) Simarsayang, and Teletubbies Hill in Batunadua. which is the Tourism Center in Padangsidimpuan City. The Tugu Salak

15087-458: The second wave of migration from mainland Southeast Asia c.  1000 BC , the Young Malays or Deutero Malays settled on the coast. They mainly lived by fishing and by cultivating the marshy land for agriculture. Their villages were scattered along the big rivers that flow to the east coast of North Sumatra such as Besitang, Wampu , Asahan , and Barumun . Larger villages grew at the mouths of rivers and became centres of government. Relics of

15228-601: The shores of the Straits of Malacca, has been widely visited by Hindus and by Chinese traders for centuries since the founding of early Situs Kota Cina or Chinatown sites in Hamparan Perak c.  11th–14th centuries CE . Barus , a trading port on the western coast of Tapanuli, attracted Middle Age era traders in search of camphor , which was popular in Ancient Egypt. In 1030, Rajendra Chola recorded

15369-420: The shores of the Straits of Malacca, has been widely visited by Hindus and by Chinese traders for centuries since the founding of early Situs Kota Cina or Chinatown sites in Hamparan Perak c.  11th–14th centuries CE . Barus , a trading port on the western coast of Tapanuli, attracted Middle Age era traders in search of camphor , which was popular in Ancient Egypt. In 1030, Rajendra Chola recorded

15510-467: The smaller Panai and Batangiou kingdoms. To the west, in the hinterland of Tapanuli , another kingdom emerged: a Batak kingdom founded by descendants of Sisingamangaraja. This kingdom gradually expanded its influenced throughout Tapanuli to Angkola, Mandailing, and Dairi. The three largest kingdoms in North Sumatra in the sixteenth century were Nagur, the Batak kingdom under the rule of King Sisingamangaraja, and Aru. Wars between these three kingdoms made

15651-467: The smaller Panai and Batangiou kingdoms. To the west, in the hinterland of Tapanuli , another kingdom emerged: a Batak kingdom founded by descendants of Sisingamangaraja. This kingdom gradually expanded its influenced throughout Tapanuli to Angkola, Mandailing, and Dairi. The three largest kingdoms in North Sumatra in the sixteenth century were Nagur, the Batak kingdom under the rule of King Sisingamangaraja, and Aru. Wars between these three kingdoms made

15792-484: The southeast. The province contains a broad, low plain along the Strait of Malacca on which the provincial capital, Medan, is located. In the south and west, the land rises to the Bukit Barisan mountain range that runs the length of Sumatra; the mountains here surround Lake Toba , which was formed from the caldera of an ancient volcano. Several large islands in the Indian Ocean off the west coast of Sumatra are currently part of North Sumatra, most notably Nias Island and

15933-484: The southeast. The province contains a broad, low plain along the Strait of Malacca on which the provincial capital, Medan, is located. In the south and west, the land rises to the Bukit Barisan mountain range that runs the length of Sumatra; the mountains here surround Lake Toba , which was formed from the caldera of an ancient volcano. Several large islands in the Indian Ocean off the west coast of Sumatra are currently part of North Sumatra, most notably Nias Island and

16074-642: The southwestern part of the province on the island of Sumatra , and equates to the former Tapanoeli Residency which existed at the time of independence (except for Nias Island). When the province was created, the region comprised three regencies ( North Tapanuli , Central Tapanuli and South Tapanuli ) and the city of Sibolga . A fourth regency - Dairi - was created on 23 September 1964 from part of North Tapanuli Regency. Two more new regencies were formed on 23 November 1998 - Mandailing Natal from part of South Tapanuli Regency, and Toba Samosir from another part of North Tapanuli Regency. The city of Padang Sidempuan

16215-642: The southwestern part of the province on the island of Sumatra , and equates to the former Tapanoeli Residency which existed at the time of independence (except for Nias Island). When the province was created, the region comprised three regencies ( North Tapanuli , Central Tapanuli and South Tapanuli ) and the city of Sibolga . A fourth regency - Dairi - was created on 23 September 1964 from part of North Tapanuli Regency. Two more new regencies were formed on 23 November 1998 - Mandailing Natal from part of South Tapanuli Regency, and Toba Samosir from another part of North Tapanuli Regency. The city of Padang Sidempuan

16356-661: The sultanates had been formally included within the Dutch East Indies, and in Deli, the sultan of Deli granted the Dutch sole rights over taxation and leases, in exchange for an annual pension. That year, the East Coast Residency was established. On March 12, 1942, Japanese forces landed in Palubuhan Ruku on the east coast, and advanced on Medan. The advance force reported it had captured the town

16497-407: The sultanates had been formally included within the Dutch East Indies, and in Deli, the sultan of Deli granted the Dutch sole rights over taxation and leases, in exchange for an annual pension. That year, the East Coast Residency was established. On March 12, 1942, Japanese forces landed in Palubuhan Ruku on the east coast, and advanced on Medan. The advance force reported it had captured the town

16638-454: The sultanates of Asahan , Serdang , Deli and Langkat . The Dutch proceeded further into Batakland and North Sumatra, invading Toba, Karo Highland, Nias and Silindung with the help of Christian missionaries, such as Ludwig Ingwer Nommensen , who worked to Christianize the area. The Dutch invasion into Batakland met resistance by Sisingamangaraja XII , causing a guerilla war lasting 30 years until and Sisingmangaraja XII's death in battle and

16779-454: The sultanates of Asahan , Serdang , Deli and Langkat . The Dutch proceeded further into Batakland and North Sumatra, invading Toba, Karo Highland, Nias and Silindung with the help of Christian missionaries, such as Ludwig Ingwer Nommensen , who worked to Christianize the area. The Dutch invasion into Batakland met resistance by Sisingamangaraja XII , causing a guerilla war lasting 30 years until and Sisingmangaraja XII's death in battle and

16920-530: The sultans and aristocrats (who were seen as Dutch allies), to seize their wealth (to fund the Indonesian independence campaign), and to eliminate the region's feudal social structure. The Dutch authorities, working with the East Sumatra Union ( Persatuan Sumatra Timur ), which had been formed in 1938 by westernized Malay elites to reassert Malay and Simalungun ethnic interests, established

17061-402: The sultans and aristocrats (who were seen as Dutch allies), to seize their wealth (to fund the Indonesian independence campaign), and to eliminate the region's feudal social structure. The Dutch authorities, working with the East Sumatra Union ( Persatuan Sumatra Timur ), which had been formed in 1938 by westernized Malay elites to reassert Malay and Simalungun ethnic interests, established

17202-508: The trade sector, such as trading in salt ( Sira in Angkola), fish and other commodities originating from the surrounding area. Since President Sukarno proclaimed Indonesian independence on August 17, 1945, news of the proclamation of independence was brought in by fighters from the Sibolga area and Bukittinggi . On July 15, 1947, Mohammad Hatta visited Padangsidempuan as part of a working visit from Bukittinggi to Medan, at which time

17343-463: The tribes, clans, and ethnic groups in North Sumatra is as follows: As well as Indonesian , languages spoken in the province include various dialects of Batak languages (particularly around Lake Toba ), Javanese (various regions in the east of the province, especially around Medan ), Malay , Minangkabau and the Nias language (parts of Nias ). Religion in North Sumatra (2022) More than 95% of all residents are either Muslim or Christian;

17484-463: The tribes, clans, and ethnic groups in North Sumatra is as follows: As well as Indonesian , languages spoken in the province include various dialects of Batak languages (particularly around Lake Toba ), Javanese (various regions in the east of the province, especially around Medan ), Malay , Minangkabau and the Nias language (parts of Nias ). Religion in North Sumatra (2022) More than 95% of all residents are either Muslim or Christian;

17625-552: The western Sumatra route. For land transportation, it can be accessed from Medan, the capital of North Sumatra Province and also Padang , West Sumatra by taking a bus or taxi from these two cities, in the form of the PO Bus Antar Lintas Sumatera , PO Bus Sampagul, PO Bus Satu Nusa, and PO Bus Mandailing Antar Nusa and Several Other Taxi Companies. The most important public transportation in Sidempuan

17766-905: The western area of this city . Other plantation products are rubber , coffee , coconut , cocoa , cloves , candlenuts and cinnamon . The following is a list of market facilities in Padangsidimpuan City Padangsidimpuan City is located 448 km from Medan , the capital of North Sumatra Province , with an area surrounded by South Tapanuli Regency . The transportation sector in Padangsidimpuan can be reached by land and air transportation. There are two connecting airports in Padangsidimpuan City, namely, Ferdinand Lumbang Tobing Airport, Central Tapanuli Regency, and Aek Godang Airport, North Padang Lawas Regency. To reach this city via air transportation, For Land Transportation, can be reached in ± 10 hours by road. The position of Padangsidimpuan City has adequate land access and

17907-552: Was composed of 10 regencies and 6 cities, but an 11th regency ( Dairi Regency ) was created on 23 September 1964. Fourteen more new regencies and two new cities were created between 1998 and 2008. All these are listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census and the 2020 census, together with their official estimates for mid-2023. Regencies and cities are sub-divided into 455 districts , which in turn are further sub-divided into 6,110 villages (as of early 2024). Proposals have been under consideration since 2013 by

18048-552: Was composed of 10 regencies and 6 cities, but an 11th regency ( Dairi Regency ) was created on 23 September 1964. Fourteen more new regencies and two new cities were created between 1998 and 2008. All these are listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census and the 2020 census, together with their official estimates for mid-2023. Regencies and cities are sub-divided into 455 districts , which in turn are further sub-divided into 6,110 villages (as of early 2024). Proposals have been under consideration since 2013 by

18189-653: Was divided into three sub-provinces: North Sumatra, Central Sumatra and South Sumatra . North Sumatra was an amalgamation of three administrative regions called Residencies: the Residency of Aceh, the East Sumatra Residency, and the Residency of Tapanuli. The publication of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia (R.I.) No. 10, Year 1948 on April 15, 1948, formalized the division of these three provinces. The date of 15 April 1948 has been subsequently celebrated as

18330-473: Was divided into three sub-provinces: North Sumatra, Central Sumatra and South Sumatra . North Sumatra was an amalgamation of three administrative regions called Residencies: the Residency of Aceh, the East Sumatra Residency, and the Residency of Tapanuli. The publication of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia (R.I.) No. 10, Year 1948 on April 15, 1948, formalized the division of these three provinces. The date of 15 April 1948 has been subsequently celebrated as

18471-427: Was formed in 1950 along with the formation of South Tapanuli Regency, including Mandailing Natal Regency, Padang Bolak Regency and Padangsidempuan Regency, which was strengthened by Law No. 7 of 1956 which contained 27 members of the People's Representative Council whose capital was Padangsidempuan. In 1982, through Government Regulation No. 32 of 1982, Padangsidempuan's status was raised to an administrative city, which

18612-429: Was later designated as the anniversary of the Province of North Sumatra. Archaeological understanding of early North Sumatran peoples is limited compared to that of other nearby regions. Prehistoric relics in North Sumatra show that the oldest population may have been Austronesian or Melanesian . Archaeological evidence indicates that their dispersal took place in the Mesolithic era (Middle Stone Age). They spread to

18753-635: Was located close to present-day Medan and Deli Serdang . Its people are believed to have been descendants of the Karo people from the interior of North Sumatra. An area near Lake Toba called Batakland (or the Batak Lands ) housed kingdoms of Batak people. It was first mentioned in Zhao Rugua 's 13th-century Description of the Barbarous Peoples , which refers to a 'Ba-ta' dependency of Srivijaya . The Suma Oriental , written in

18894-450: Was located close to present-day Medan and Deli Serdang . Its people are believed to have been descendants of the Karo people from the interior of North Sumatra. An area near Lake Toba called Batakland (or the Batak Lands ) housed kingdoms of Batak people. It was first mentioned in Zhao Rugua 's 13th-century Description of the Barbarous Peoples , which refers to a 'Ba-ta' dependency of Srivijaya . The Suma Oriental , written in

19035-490: Was present on the eastern coast of North Sumatra was the Aru Kingdom , which existed from the 13th to the 16th century CE. In its height, the kingdom was a maritime power and controlled the northern part of the Malacca strait . The kingdom was initially established as a Karo polity . The indigenous population practiced native animism and Hinduism . Starting in 13th century, some also practiced Islam . Aru's capital

19176-431: Was present on the eastern coast of North Sumatra was the Aru Kingdom , which existed from the 13th to the 16th century CE. In its height, the kingdom was a maritime power and controlled the northern part of the Malacca strait . The kingdom was initially established as a Karo polity . The indigenous population practiced native animism and Hinduism . Starting in 13th century, some also practiced Islam . Aru's capital

19317-527: Was proclaimed, Sumatra Province was divided into three sub-provinces, each of which had the right to regulate and manage its own affairs. April 15, 1948 was later designated as the anniversary of the Province of North Sumatra. Archaeological understanding of early North Sumatran peoples is limited compared to that of other nearby regions. Prehistoric relics in North Sumatra show that the oldest population may have been Austronesian or Melanesian . Archaeological evidence indicates that their dispersal took place in

19458-907: Was split off from South Tapanuli Regency on 21 June 2001. Two further regencies were formed on 25 February 2003 - Humbang Hasundutan from part of North Tapanuli Regency, and Pakpak Bharat from part of Dairi Regency. A new Samosir Regency was created from part of Toba Samosir Regency on 18 December 2003 (more recently, the remaining part of this regency was renamed Toba Regency). Another two regencies were created on 17 July 2007 - Padang Lawas and North Padang Lawas , both from parts of South Tapanuli Regency. The region includes 60 small offshore islands - 24 in Mandailing Natal, 31 in Central Tapanuli (the largest being Mursala Island off Sibolga) and 5 in Sibolga City, plus 7 islands in

19599-712: Was split off from South Tapanuli Regency on 21 June 2001. Two further regencies were formed on 25 February 2003 - Humbang Hasundutan from part of North Tapanuli Regency, and Pakpak Bharat from part of Dairi Regency. A new Samosir Regency was created from part of Toba Samosir Regency on 18 December 2003 (more recently, the remaining part of this regency was renamed Toba Regency). Another two regencies were created on 17 July 2007 - Padang Lawas and North Padang Lawas , both from parts of South Tapanuli Regency. The region includes 60 small offshore islands - 24 in Mandailing Natal, 31 in Central Tapanuli (the largest being Mursala Island off Sibolga) and 5 in Sibolga City, plus 7 islands in

19740-532: Was viewed with suspicion, and Dr Tengku Mansur entered into negotiations with Mohammad Hatta to reunify East Sumatra with the Republic of Indonesia in May 1950. Mansur surrendered authority to the republic and East Sumatra merged with Tapanuli to become the province of North Sumatra on August 15, 1950. After Indonesian independence, at the first session of the National Committee of Regions (KND), Sumatra

19881-414: Was viewed with suspicion, and Dr Tengku Mansur entered into negotiations with Mohammad Hatta to reunify East Sumatra with the Republic of Indonesia in May 1950. Mansur surrendered authority to the republic and East Sumatra merged with Tapanuli to become the province of North Sumatra on August 15, 1950. After Indonesian independence, at the first session of the National Committee of Regions (KND), Sumatra

#406593