The Pakanic languages constitute a branch of two Austroasiatic languages , Bolyu and Bugan . They are spoken in Guangxi and Yunnan provinces of southern China. Mang was formerly included, but is now considered by Paul Sidwell to form its own separate branch within Austroasiatic.
6-528: Jenny & Sidwell (2015) consider Pakanic to be an independent branch of Austroasiatic. Various classifications had previously been proposed for individual Pakanic languages. In 1990, Paul K. Benedict argued that Bolyu constitutes a separate Mon-Khmer branch. Edmondson & Gregerson (1996) listed many phonological and lexical similarities shared by Bolyu and Vietic languages . However, Gérard Diffloth later suggested that Pakanic (i.e., Bolyu and Bugan ) shares an affinity with Palaungic languages and
12-628: The New York Medical College , he served as Chief Psychiatrist and Director of the Diagnostic Center at the New York State Department of Corrections . Benedict later published work on mental health in other cultures before turning his attention to language studies. Benedict's work on Proto-Sino-Tibetan reconstruction was published in the 1972 monograph Sino-Tibetan: A Conspectus . His work formed
18-643: The proto-language ancestral to Bolyu and Bugan but not Mang , was reconstructed by Andrew Hsiu (2016). Hsiu (2017), citing Li Xulian (1999), notes that Pakanic languages were formerly spoken further up north in Guizhou and were in close contact with Gelao . Hsiu (2017) also notes that Pakanic languages display loanword influence from Kra languages , and have also influenced Kra languages. Paul K. Benedict Paul King Benedict ( traditional Chinese : 白保羅 ; simplified Chinese : 白保罗 ; pinyin : Bái Bǎoluó ; July 5, 1912 – July 21, 1997)
24-543: Was an American anthropologist , mental health professional , and linguist who specialized in languages of East and Southeast Asia. He is well known for his 1942 proposal of the Austro-Tai language family and also his reconstruction of Proto-Sino-Tibetan and Proto-Tibeto-Burman . He was also a practicing psychiatrist in the New York area for 20 years and was also a pioneer in the field of ethnopsychiatry . Benedict
30-530: Was born in Poughkeepsie, New York and graduated from Poughkeepsie High School in 1930. He attended Cornell University before transferring to University of New Mexico , earning a bachelor of arts degree there in 1934. He then attended Harvard University earning a master's degree in 1935 and a Ph.D. in anthropology in 1941. During his studies, he traveled to Asia and studied at University of California for two years. After he received his M.D. degree at
36-487: Was part of a wider Northern Mon-Khmer group. Mangic , a proposed language grouping that includes Mang as a sister to Pakanic within a unified subgroup of Austroasiatic, is recognized by Ilia Peiros (2004) and Sidwell 's earlier classifications. Nguyen Van Loi also classified Mang within the Samtau group of Waic with Palaungic , although he later classified Mang as a sister of Waic (Sidwell 2009:133). Proto-Pakanic,
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