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19-427: Pamphylian may refer to: Pamphylia , on the southern coast of Anatolia Pamphylian Greek Anatolian languages of Pamphylia: Pisidian language Sidetic language Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Pamphylian . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

38-639: A compound of πᾶν ( pan ), neuter of πᾶς ( pas ) "all" + φυλή ( phylē ), "race, tribe". Herodotus derived its etymology from a Dorian tribe, the Pamphyloi (Πάμφυλοι), who were said to have colonized the region. The tribe, in turn, was said to be named after Pamphylos (Greek: Πάμφυλος), son of Aigimios . According to Encyclopædia Britannica , the Pamphylians were “a mixture of aboriginal inhabitants , immigrant Cilicians ( Greek : Κίλικες ) and Greeks ”. However, Herodotus and Strabo record that

57-834: The Late Bronze Age , the region was on the western edge of the Hittite sphere of influence. A treaty between the Hittite king Tudḫaliya IV and his vassal, the king of Tarḫuntašša , defined the latter's western border at the city Parha in later Pamphylia and the Kastaraya River . West of Parha were the Lukka lands . In the historical era, the region's population spoke Pamphylian , an idiosyncratic dialect of Greek seemingly influenced by Anatolian languages spoken nearby. On Cyrus's defeat of Croesus, Pamphylia passed to

76-640: The Roman influence in the area grew, the league erupted into an open revolt against Roman domination, in what is known as Achaean War . The Achaeans were defeated at the Battle of Corinth in 146 BC and the League was dissolved by the Romans. According to the foundation myth formalized by Hesiod , their name comes from their mythic founder Achaeus , who was supposedly one of the sons of Xuthus , and brother of Ion ,

95-473: The 6th century BC in response to the rising power of Sicyon to the east and Sparta to the south, and during the 5th century BC in response to the expansionism of the Achaemenids . Herodotus described them as unified nation composed of 12 city-states: Pellene , Aegeira , Aeges, (Achaea) Boura , Helike , Aegion , Rhypes , Patrai , Pherae , Olenos , Dyme and Tritaia . The rise of Macedonia in

114-649: The Classical era the Achaeans inhabited the region of Achaea in the northern Peloponnese , and later established colonies in Italy including Kroton and Sybaris . They spoke Achaean Doric Greek , a dialect of Doric Greek . In Hellenistic times, an Achaean Doric koine developed which was eventually replaced by the Attic -based Koine Greek in the 2nd century BC. The Achaeans cemented their common identity in

133-517: The Great 's defeat of Darius III , Pamphylia passed back to Greek rule, now Macedonians. After the defeat of Antiochus III in 190 BC they were included among the provinces annexed by the Romans to the dominions of Eumenes of Pergamum ; but somewhat later they joined with the Pisidians and Cilicians in piratical ravages, and Side became the chief centre and slave mart of these freebooters. Pamphylia

152-593: The Pamphylians were descended from Greeks who came with Calchas and Amphilochos after the Trojan War . Additionally, Pausanias states that they were a Greek race. Theopompus, as well, informs us that Pamphylia was inhabited by Greeks. Some modern scholars suggest that they migrated to Pamphylia from Arcadia and generally the Peloponnese in the 12th century BC. The significance of the Greek contribution to

171-686: The Peloponnese. As a consequence, the Achaeans went to the region known as Aegialus and forced the Aegialians (by now known as the Ionians ) out of their land. The Ionians took temporary refuge in Athens, and Aegialus became known as Achaea. Pausanias says that 'Achaean' was the name of those Greeks originally inhabiting the Argolis and Laconia , because they were descended from the sons of

190-732: The Persian Empire. Darius included it in his first tax-district alongside Lycia, Magnesia, Ionia, Aeolia, Mysia, and Caria. At some point between 468 and 465 BC, the Athenians under Cimon fought the Persians at the Eurymedon , and won; thus adding Pamphylia to their "Delian League" empire. Toward the end of the Peloponnesian War , the Athenians were weakened enough that the Persians were able to retake it. Upon Alexander

209-534: The founder of the Ionian tribe. Xuthus was in turn the son of Hellen , the mythical patriarch of the Greek ( Hellenic ) nation. Both Herodotus and Pausanias recount the legend that the Achaeans (referring to the tribe of the Classical period) originally dwelt in Argolis and Laconia . According to Herodotus, the Achaeans were forced out of those lands by the Dorians , during the legendary Dorian invasion of

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228-592: The four major tribes into which Herodotus divided the Greeks , along with the Aeolians , Ionians and Dorians . They inhabited the region of Achaea in the northern Peloponnese , and played an active role in the colonization of Italy, founding the city of Kroton . Unlike the other major tribes, the Achaeans did not have a separate dialect in the Classical period , instead using a form of Doric . The etymology of

247-405: The group of dialects sometimes referred to as Achaean since it was settled not only by Achaean tribes but also colonists from other Greek-speaking regions, Dorians and Aeolians . The legend related by Herodotus and Strabo, which ascribed the origin of the Pamphylians to a colony led into their country by Amphilochus and Calchas after the Trojan War , is merely a characteristic myth. During

266-595: The interior. But the distinction between the two seems to have been established at an early period. Herodotus, who does not mention the Pisidians, enumerates the Pamphylians among the nations of Asia Minor, while Ephorus mentions them both, correctly including the one among the nations on the coast, the other among those of the interior. A number of scholars have distinguished in the Pamphylian dialect important isoglosses with both Arcadian and Cypriot ( Arcadocypriot Greek ) which allow them to be studied together with

285-530: The late 4th century BC seems to have destroyed this first Achaean League , with the Macedonians eventually controlling so many of the member city-states that the Achaean federal government had virtually ceased to function. After Macedon's defeat by the Romans in the early 2nd century BC, the League was able to finally defeat a heavily weakened Sparta and take control of the entire Peloponnese. However, as

304-561: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pamphylian&oldid=933038229 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Pamphylia The name Pamphylia comes from the Greek Παμφυλία, itself from Ancient Greek : πάμφυλος ( pamphylos ), literally "of mingled tribes or races",

323-470: The origin of the Pamphylians can be attested alike by tradition and archaeology, and Pamphylia can be considered a Greek country from the early Iron Age until the early Middle Ages . There can be little doubt that the Pamphylians and Pisidians were the same people, though the former had received colonies from Greece and other lands, and from this cause, combined with the greater fertility of their territory, had become more civilized than their neighbours in

342-426: The term Ἀχαιοί is unknown. Robert S. P. Beekes proposed that it originated in a Pre-Greek form *Akay a- . Margalit Finkelberg , while acknowledging that its ultimate etymology is unknown, proposed an intermediate Greek form *Ἀχαϝyοί. The term Ἀχαιοί was also used by Homer to refer to Greeks as a whole, and may relate to the Hittite term Ahhiyawa , believed to refer to Mycenaean Greece or part of it. In

361-772: Was for a short time included in the dominions of Amyntas , king of Galatia , but after his death lapsed into a district of a Roman province. As of 1911, the district was largely peopled with recently settled Ottoman Muslims from Greece, Crete, and the Balkans, as a result of the long-term consequences of the Congress of Berlin and the collapse of the Ottoman Empire . 37°N 31°E  /  37°N 31°E  / 37; 31 Achaeans (tribe) The Achaeans ( / ə ˈ k iː ə n z / ; Greek : Ἀχαιοί , romanized :  Akhaioí ) were one of

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