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33-490: The Pan-American Exposition, often referred to as "The Rainbow City", received national attention in the press and elsewhere a couple of years before, during and after it occurred During the course of the exposition more than 8,000,000 visitors came to the event. The event was organized by the Pan-American Exposition Company, formed in 1897. Cayuga Island was initially chosen as the place to hold

66-530: A city park. The island is believed to be the place where 17th-century French explorer Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle built his barque called Le Griffon in 1679. This article about a location in Niagara County, New York is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Commemorative stamp A commemorative stamp is a postage stamp , often issued on a significant date such as an anniversary , to honor or commemorate

99-464: A half-dozen nations of America and Spain issued commemorative stamps for the 400th anniversary of the West's discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. The appearance of commemorative postage stamps caused a backlash among some stamp collectors in the early years of stamp collecting, who balked at the prospect of laying out ever-larger sums to acquire the stamps of the world. This led to the formation of

132-491: A number of different specially made postmarks inscribed with the words, "Pan-American Exposition, 1901". The Pan American issues were the first commemorative stamps to be issued in the 20th century. On September 4, President McKinley arrived and was greeted by thousands of people in anticipation of his visit. Also in September, former Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan visited the exposition and made an appearance at

165-503: A place, event, person, or object. The subject of the commemorative stamp is usually spelled out in print, unlike definitive stamps which normally depict the subject along with the denomination and country name only. Many postal services issue several commemorative stamps each year, sometimes holding first day of issue ceremonies at locations connected with the subjects. Commemorative stamps can be used alongside ordinary stamps. Unlike definitive stamps that are often reprinted and sold over

198-424: A plot to kill the president had been discovered, while two other world leaders had recently been assassinated. Normally people who would draw near to the president were required to have their hands empty and in plain sight, but for reasons not clear, this rule was not strictly enforced. On the day prior to the shooting, McKinley had given an address at the exposition, which began as follows: I am glad to be again in

231-456: A prolonged period of time for general usage, commemorative stamps are usually printed in limited quantities and sold for a much shorter period of time, usually, until supplies run out. There are several candidates for the title of the first commemorative. A 17-cent stamp issued in 1860 by New Brunswick, showing the Prince of Wales in anticipation of his visit is one possibility. Often cited as

264-682: The Flip Flap Railway , attempted to demonstrate one of his looping roller coasters at the fair, but the organizers of the event considered the ride to be too dangerous and refused to allow it on the grounds. Buffalo native Nina Morgana , later a soprano with the Metropolitan Opera , was a child performer in the "Venice in America" attraction at the Exposition. Composer/organist Fannie Morris Spencer gave two recitals in

297-565: The 50 years' reign of Queen Victoria, although there are no special inscriptions on the stamps, and they were intended as regular stamps. In 1870 Peru issued a 5¢ scarlet Locomotive and Arms stamp and is regarded as the first commemorative postage stamp, issued to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the first railway in South America. Though the United Kingdom often set the precedent for postage stamps and their designs, they were

330-468: The Exposition because of the island's proximity to Niagara Falls , which was a huge tourist attraction. When the Spanish–American War broke out in 1898, plans were put on hold. After the war, there was a heated competition between the cities of Buffalo and Niagara Falls over the location. Buffalo won for two main reasons. First, Buffalo had a much larger population; with roughly 350,000 people, it

363-516: The Exposition parade, which also included the first division, consisting of the 71st Regiment Band and other military brigades. The procession passed over the monumental Triumphal Bridge which passes over Mirror Lake, and proceeded to the Temple of Music . More than 100,000 people were in attendance. At the temple they listened to various key note speakers, where the idea of "America for the Americans"

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396-523: The Exposition was widely advertised by newspapers and magazines which played a significant role in attracting many thousands of people to the event. Of his visit to the exposition, McKinley's secretary of State, John Hay , remarked, "Never had I seen him higher in hope and patriotic confidence." His arrival was the source of great concern for the Secret Service, the Exposition police and others who were assigned to McKinley's security. The year before

429-619: The Lincoln Parkway, marks the area where the Temple of Music was located. Cayuga Island Cayuga Island is an island in Niagara County, New York , United States. The Niagara River flows along the south side of the island, and a stream, Little River (also called "Little Niagara River"), forms a channel along the north side. It is part of the LaSalle area of Niagara Falls, New York . It consists of middle-class housing and

462-616: The Temple of Music. Other attractions included The Great Amphitheater, Joshua Slocum 's sloop, the Spray , on which he had recently sailed around the world alone, the Trip to the Moon exhibit , a mechanical dark ride that was later housed at Coney Island 's Luna Park . In the center of the rose-garden beside the Woman's Building was Enid Yandell 's "Struggle of Existence," and a plaster version of

495-762: The US allowed designers to light the Exposition in Buffalo using power generated 25 mi (40 km) away at Niagara Falls. In the months preceding the exposition promotional pamphlets, newspaper articles, guide books and other publications were published and released around the United States and elsewhere. Among them were a number of different publications from the Pan-American exposition company in Buffalo, along with publications from Rand McNally in New York. At

528-422: The buildings and other structures, along with color, and sculpture to obtain its harmony. It was also the first exposition with a global unifying theme that emphasized the concept of Pan-Americanism. The planning committee considered some twenty different locations for the exposition and after much consideration and deliberation a 350-acre tract in the western area of Delaware Park was selected. The grounds on which

561-438: The buildings were constructed of timber and steel framing with precast staff panels made of a plaster/fiber mix. These buildings were built as a means of rapid construction and temporary ornamentation and not made to last. Prior to its demolition, an effort was made via public committee to purchase and preserve the original Electric Tower from the wrecking company for nearly US$ 30,000 ($ 1.1 million in 2023 dollars). However,

594-415: The city of Buffalo and exchange greetings with her people ... Expositions are the timekeepers of progress. They record the world's advancement. They stimulate the energy, enterprise, and intellect of the people; and quicken human genius. They go into the home. They broaden and brighten the daily life of the people. They open mighty storehouses of information to the student. The newly developed X-ray machine

627-705: The exhibit of the Bureau of Indian Affairs with several prominent Sioux Indian chiefs, including Red Cloud , High Hawk and Blue Horse. Also present were chiefs from the Six Nations League of the Iroquois Confederacy , dressed in the traditional attire of their ancestors. Arriving during the preparatory stages of the Exposition, they erected various long houses that were once commonplace in their home lands of central New York, while they were attended by various translators. Lina Beecher , creator of

660-539: The exposition would be constructed extended from Delaware Ave. to Elmwood and from Park Lake northward to present Great Arrow. The total expense for the exposition came to US$ 7 million. ($ 256 million in 2023 dollars.) In March 3, 1899, Congress pledged $ 500 000, and publicly declared that "it is desirable to encourage the holding of a Pan-American Exposition on the Niagara Frontier in the City of Buffalo, in

693-730: The fountain "Struggle of Life" installed in Rhode Island. On the last day of the exposition, Saturday, November 2, a sham battle was staged at the Stadium at the Pan-American Exhibition The several hundred participants included the six tribes of American Indians, dressed in traditional garb, and the United States Infantry stationed at Buffalo. The event also included theatrical explosive charges, weaponry and many hand to hand combat encounters, and

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726-497: The late runners with the issue of their first commemorative stamp, not issuing one until 1924 when it printed and released the British Empire Exhibition issue of 1924. Other premier commemorative stamps were issued by New South Wales in 1888 to mark its 100th anniversary; the six types all include the inscription " ONE HUNDRED YEARS ". Commemoratives followed in 1891 for Hong Kong and Romania. In 1892 and 1893

759-429: The necessary funding could not be raised in time. The site of the exposition was bounded by Elmwood Avenue on the west, Delaware Avenue on the east, what is now Hoyt Lake on the south, and the railway on the north. It is now occupied by a residential neighborhood from Nottingham Terrace to Amherst Street, and businesses on the north side of Amherst Street. A stone and marker on a traffic island dividing Fordham Drive, near

792-481: The opening of the Pan-American Exposition on "Dedication Day", March 20, 1901, a procession led by Vice-President Roosevelt , who was attended by a number of dignitaries, which included Governor Odell , of New York, Conrad Diehl , the mayor of Buffalo, Senator Hanna , of Ohio, and Senator Gallinger , of New Hampshire. Leading the military division of the parade was Louis Babcock, Grand Marshal of

825-681: The operating table as they treated McKinley's wounds. Buildings and exhibits featured at the Pan-American Exposition included: When the fair ended, the contents of the grounds were sold to the Chicago House Wrecking Company of Chicago for US$ 92,000 ($ 2.93 million in 2023 dollars). Demolition of the buildings began in March 1902, and within a year, most of the buildings were demolished. The grounds were then cleared and subdivided to be used for residential streets, homes, and park land. Similar to previous world fairs, most of

858-693: The world's first commemoratives are the sixteen stamps of the United States Columbian Issue , produced to celebrate the World Columbian Exposition in Chicago honoring the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World in 1492. (Illustrated here is the $ 1 stamp from the series: "Isabella pledging her jewels.") The United States 15-cent black stamp of 1866 depicts Abraham Lincoln and

891-644: The year 1901, fittingly to illustrate the marvelous development of the Western Hemisphere during the Nineteenth Century, by a display of the arts, industries, manufactures and the products of the soil, mine and sea...The "Pan American" theme was carried throughout the event with the slogan "commercial well being and good understanding among the American Republics." The advent of the alternating current power transmission system in

924-411: Was displayed at the fair, but doctors were reluctant to use it on McKinley to search for the bullet because they did not know what side effects it might have had on him. Also, the operating room at the exposition's emergency hospital did not have any electric lighting , even though the exteriors of many of the buildings were covered with thousands of light bulbs. Doctors used a pan to reflect sunlight onto

957-449: Was emphasized. Though the Pan-American Exposition featured many exhibits that possessed commercial and transportation and different worldly themes, it was also considered to be an art exhibition, with many American paintings, sculptures and other works of art from Canada and other countries, all of which were displayed in the Exposition's Albright Art Gallery and other locations about the fairgrounds. The Exposition also served to define what

990-439: Was officially to be considered "American Art" at the turn of the century. In May 1901 the U.S. Post Office began issuing a series of six commemorative stamps to help promote and fund the exposition. The stamps depicted the various modern transportation themes that were featured at the exposition. The stamps were placed on sale at the exposition from May 1 to October 31, 1901. Post Offices in Buffalo post-marked out-going mail with

1023-473: Was said to be realistic in its presentation. The exposition is often remembered because it was the location where United States President William McKinley was assassinated by an anarchist , Leon Czolgosz , at the Temple of Music on September 6, 1901. The President died eight days later on September 14 from gangrene caused by the bullet wounds. McKinley's last words, from a favorite hymn, were, "Nearer my God to Thee, Nearer to Thee". McKinley's presence at

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1056-486: Was the eighth-largest city in the United States. Second, Buffalo had better railroad connections; the city was also located on the east shore of Lake Erie and serviced by 12 steamship lines, and was within a day's journey by rail or steamship for over 40 million people. The Pan-American Exposition was distinctive from its former predecessors in that it was the first exposition to employ a central theme in its overall design and layout, employing extensive lighting on and about

1089-543: Was the first stamp issued after his assassination in 1865, but it was not officially declared as a memorial to him. The U.S. also issued a 5-cent stamp in 1882 showing the recently assassinated President James A. Garfield . In addition, the United States issued stamped envelopes for the Centennial Exposition in 1876, although technically these are postal stationery and not stamps. The British Jubilee Issue of 1887 may be thought of as commemorative of

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