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94-564: The Panama Metro ( Spanish : Metro de Panamá ) is a rapid transit system in Panama City , Panama . It links neighborhoods north and the east of the metropolitan area to the city center. The Metro was built to relieve the traffic congestion between the city and San Miguelito District and to offer commuters a viable alternative to road transport , as the MiBus transit system was suffering multiple issues. The Metro operates seven days
188-673: A Spanish-based creole language called Chavacano developed in the southern Philippines. However, it is not mutually intelligible with Spanish. The number of Chavacano-speakers was estimated at 1.2 million in 1996. The local languages of the Philippines also retain significant Spanish influence, with many words derived from Mexican Spanish , owing to the administration of the islands by Spain through New Spain until 1821, until direct governance from Madrid afterwards to 1898. Barcelona Metro [REDACTED] The Barcelona Metro ( Catalan and Spanish : Metro de Barcelona )
282-603: A considerable number of words from Arabic , as well as a minor influence from the Germanic Gothic language through the period of Visigoth rule in Iberia. In addition, many more words were borrowed from Latin through the influence of written language and the liturgical language of the Church. The loanwords were taken from both Classical Latin and Renaissance Latin , the form of Latin in use at that time. According to
376-487: A continuation of Line 6 between Curundú and the Casco Antiguo district. Line 8 will run between Don Bosco station (transfer point to Line 4) and Villa Zaita (transfer point to Line 1). Line 9 will be a monorail running between Ciudad del Futuro (transfer point to Line 3) and Centennial Bridge via Veracruz and Panamá Pacífico International Airport . Metrocable is an aerial lift system which will run through
470-522: A dramatic change in the pronunciation of its sibilant consonants , known in Spanish as the reajuste de las sibilantes , which resulted in the distinctive velar [x] pronunciation of the letter ⟨j⟩ and—in a large part of Spain—the characteristic interdental [θ] ("th-sound") for the letter ⟨z⟩ (and for ⟨c⟩ before ⟨e⟩ or ⟨i⟩ ). See History of Spanish (Modern development of
564-482: A first language by Spaniards and educated Filipinos ( Ilustrados ). Despite a public education system set up by the colonial government, by the end of Spanish rule in 1898, only about 10% of the population had knowledge of Spanish, mostly those of Spanish descent or elite standing. Spanish continued to be official and used in Philippine literature and press during the early years of American administration after
658-478: A long history in the territory of the current-day United States dating back to the 16th century. In the wake of the 1848 Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty , hundreds of thousands of Spanish speakers became a minoritized community in the United States. The 20th century saw further massive growth of Spanish speakers in areas where they had been hitherto scarce. According to the 2020 census, over 60 million people of
752-847: A monorail line for the planned city of Panama Pacifico . Line 1 is nearly complete in its current form. Curundu, an infill station near the southern end of Line 1, is expected to open in 2024. An extension of the line one stop to the north to a new station at Villa Zaita was completed and began operation in April 2024. Line 2 will run for 29 km (18 mi) from Parque Urraca, in the Punta Pacifica district to Felipillo, and will be built in three phases. The first phase will run from San Miguelito to Nuevo Tocumen. The first phase of construction took four years. Construction on Line 2 broke ground on October 5, 2015, with construction expected to take 44 months. The second phase (Line 2A) will then extend
846-520: A mostly north–south route from Villa Zaita to the Albrook bus station (where a Metro maintenance facility is located). It extends over 15.8 kilometers (9.8 mi) of route, including 7.2 kilometers (4.5 mi) underground. It has 14 passenger stations: 6 elevated, 7 underground, and 1 at-grade. The stations have a platform length of approximately 110 meters (360 ft). A complete journey of Line 1 lasts about 25 minutes. It begins its current route at
940-513: A name of their own but are generally referred to by their colour or by the number and the names of their termini. The lines run as follows: In addition to those, Renfe and FGC trains and the increasingly important tr am routes and stations are displayed on most recent maps, including the info maps in the metro stations, all in a single variety of dark green. Construction work is taking place currently on L9 / L10 , which when finished will run from Badalona and Santa Coloma de Gramenet to
1034-410: A nearby location. See the main article for more details. Accessibility for passengers with reduced mobility is nearing completion. As of April 2022 , 8 out of 192 stations are not fully accessible. The non accessible stations are: Lines L2, L6, L7, L8, L9 Nord, L9 Sud, L10 Nord, L10 Sud, L11 and L12 are fully accessible. Non accessible connections (in both directions): For up to date info check
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#17327766027981128-508: A primarily Hassaniya Arabic -speaking territory, Spanish was officially spoken as the language of the colonial administration during the late 19th and 20th centuries. Today, Spanish is present in the partially-recognized Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic as its secondary official language, and in the Sahrawi refugee camps in Tindouf ( Algeria ), where the Spanish language is still taught as
1222-462: A red rhombus with a M inside, remains unused by FGC lines, which use their company logo and a different rhombus-shaped logo (actually rather similar to the one used inside the Madrid Metro ) inside stations. Below ground their decoration is remarkably sober, with the exception of the new stations. A number of stations in the network have been closed, were never inaugurated, or have been moved to
1316-463: A rigid, I-shaped, overhead rail using a pantograph . The system delivers 1,500 V DC to trains with 13.8 kV 60 Hz AC being used for power distribution to the power substations that supply the DC power. The metro is eventually planned to extend to 9 lines by 2040 or 2035. The first five lines will be metro lines, with the last three tram lines, a cable car system for San Miguelito and
1410-617: A second language features characteristics involving the variability of the vowel system. While far from its heyday during the Spanish protectorate in Morocco , the Spanish language has some presence in northern Morocco , stemming for example from the availability of certain Spanish-language media. According to a 2012 survey by Morocco's Royal Institute for Strategic Studies (IRES), penetration of Spanish in Morocco reaches 4.6% of
1504-531: A second language, largely by Cuban educators. The number of Spanish speakers is unknown. Spanish is also an official language of the African Union . Spanish was an official language of the Philippines from the beginning of Spanish administration in 1565 to a constitutional change in 1973. During Spanish colonization , it was the language of government, trade, and education, and was spoken as
1598-477: A week and 365 days a year. Its hours are Monday-Friday 05:00–23:00, Saturday 05:00–22:00, and Sundays and holidays 07:00–22:00. The 15.8-kilometer (9.8 mi) Line 1 opened on April 6, 2014, serving 14 stations. Line 2 was opened partially and temporarily between January 14 and 17, 2019 for World Youth Day festivities and permanently opened on April 25; it covers a 21-kilometer (13 mi) route and serves sixteen stations. A three-station branch line (El Ramal) to
1692-416: Is cognate to the root word of satisfacer ("to satisfy"), and hecho ("made") is similarly cognate to the root word of satisfecho ("satisfied"). Compare the examples in the following table: Some consonant clusters of Latin also produced characteristically different results in these languages, as shown in the examples in the following table: In the 15th and 16th centuries, Spanish underwent
1786-569: Is 21 km (13 mi) long, and as of September 2018, the new line was 85% complete, allowing for test runs until Cerro Viento station with four (5-car) trains. By November 2018, test runs covered the entire length of phase 1. Fourteen trains were operational in the World Youth Day in January 2019 in manual mode at a top speed of 40 km/h (25 mph). In normal operation, trains will run autonomously at 70 km/h (43 mph) with
1880-436: Is Latin in origin, including Latin borrowings from Ancient Greek. Alongside English and French , it is also one of the most taught foreign languages throughout the world. Spanish is well represented in the humanities and social sciences . Spanish is also the third most used language on the internet by number of users after English and Chinese and the second most used language by number of websites after English. Spanish
1974-674: Is a global language with about 500 million native speakers, mainly in the Americas and Spain , and about 600 million when including second language speakers. Spanish is the official language of 20 countries , as well as one of the six official languages of the United Nations . Spanish is the world's second-most spoken native language after Mandarin Chinese ; the world's fourth-most spoken language overall after English , Mandarin Chinese, and Hindustani ( Hindi - Urdu ); and
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#17327766027982068-553: Is a network of rapid transit electrified railway lines that run mostly underground in central Barcelona and into the city's suburbs. It is part of the larger public transport system of Barcelona, the capital of Catalonia , Spain , with unified fares under the Autoritat del Transport Metropolità (ATM) scheme. As of 2024, the network is operated by two separate companies: Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB) and Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC). It
2162-399: Is estimated that about 486 million people speak Spanish as a native language , making it the second most spoken language by number of native speakers . An additional 75 million speak Spanish as a second or foreign language , making it the fourth most spoken language in the world overall after English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindi with a total number of 538 million speakers. Spanish is also
2256-761: Is heavily influenced by Venezuelan Spanish. In addition to sharing most of its borders with Spanish-speaking countries, the creation of Mercosur in the early 1990s induced a favorable situation for the promotion of Spanish language teaching in Brazil . In 2005, the National Congress of Brazil approved a bill, signed into law by the President , making it mandatory for schools to offer Spanish as an alternative foreign language course in both public and private secondary schools in Brazil. In September 2016 this law
2350-461: Is made up of 12 lines, combining the lines owned by the two companies. Two lines, L9 and L10 , are being built at present, with both lines having different sections of each opened between 2009 and 2018. They are due to be fully completed in 2030. Three lines on the network have opened as automatic train operation / driverless vehicle systems since 2009: Line 11 being converted to driverless first, and then Lines 9 and 10, opening up driverless. It
2444-424: Is one of only two metros worldwide to operate on three different track gauges, being 1,000 mm ( 3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in ) metre gauge on line 8, 1,672 mm ( 5 ft 5 + 13 ⁄ 16 in ) older Iberian gauge on line 1, and 1,435 mm ( 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in ) standard gauge and the remaining lines; the other metro with three gauges being
2538-844: Is spoken by very small communities in Angola due to Cuban influence from the Cold War and in South Sudan among South Sudanese natives that relocated to Cuba during the Sudanese wars and returned for their country's independence. Spanish is also spoken in the integral territories of Spain in Africa, namely the cities of Ceuta and Melilla and the Canary Islands , located in the Atlantic Ocean some 100 km (62 mi) off
2632-813: Is the de facto national language of the country, Spanish is often used in public services and notices at the federal and state levels. Spanish is also used in administration in the state of New Mexico . The language has a strong influence in major metropolitan areas such as those of Los Angeles , Miami , San Antonio , New York , San Francisco , Dallas , Tucson and Phoenix of the Arizona Sun Corridor , as well as more recently, Chicago , Las Vegas , Boston , Denver , Houston , Indianapolis , Philadelphia , Cleveland , Salt Lake City , Atlanta , Nashville , Orlando , Tampa , Raleigh and Baltimore-Washington, D.C. due to 20th- and 21st-century immigration. Although Spanish has no official recognition in
2726-488: Is the official Spanish language of the State. ... The other Spanish languages shall also be official in their respective Autonomous Communities... The Royal Spanish Academy ( Real Academia Española ), on the other hand, currently uses the term español in its publications. However, from 1713 to 1923, it called the language castellano . The Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (a language guide published by
2820-542: Is used as an official language by many international organizations , including the United Nations , European Union , Organization of American States , Union of South American Nations , Community of Latin American and Caribbean States , African Union , among others. In Spain and some other parts of the Spanish-speaking world, Spanish is called not only español but also castellano (Castilian),
2914-578: Is usually assumed to be derived from castillo ('castle'). In the Middle Ages , the language spoken in Castile was generically referred to as Romance and later also as Lengua vulgar . Later in the period, it gained geographical specification as Romance castellano ( romanz castellano , romanz de Castiella ), lenguaje de Castiella , and ultimately simply as castellano (noun). Different etymologies have been suggested for
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3008-836: The Autoritat del Transport Metropolità , a citywide system that also includes local and regional buses, tramways and some commuter and regional train services. Since early 2020, the total length of the network is 166 km (103 mi) long and 189 stations, including the TMB+FGC+Montjuïc funicular. The major network, operated by TMB , consists of eight lines, numbered L1 to L5 and L9 to L11 (which are distinguished on network maps by different colours), covering 102.6 kilometres (63.8 mi) of route and 141 stations. FGC lines are numbered L6, L7, L8 and L12. These lines, except all of L12 and part of L7, share tracks with commuter rail lines. The Barcelona Metro lines do not have
3102-596: The Panama Canal . Line 3 is financed by a US$ 2.6 billion loan from the Japanese government, with Japanese firms taking the lead on the project. Hitachi Rail is the primary contractor for the line and will supply 28 six-car Hitachi Monorail trains. Construction on the line started in February 2021 and is expected to be finished by 2025. There are plans for a second phase two extending the line to La Chorrera , with
3196-685: The San Miguelito District . The primary line is expected to run between Cincuentenario station and Villa Maria station on Line 8. There are also two proposed branch lines. Spanish language Spanish ( español ) or Castilian ( castellano ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe . Today, it
3290-568: The Spanish as a First Foreign Language (SAFFL) initiative in March 2005. Spanish has historically had a significant presence on the Dutch Caribbean islands of Aruba , Bonaire and Curaçao ( ABC Islands ) throughout the centuries and in present times. The majority of the populations of each island (especially Aruba) speaking Spanish at varying although often high degrees of fluency. The local language Papiamentu (Papiamento on Aruba)
3384-508: The Spanish–American War but was eventually replaced by English as the primary language of administration and education by the 1920s. Nevertheless, despite a significant decrease in influence and speakers, Spanish remained an official language of the Philippines upon independence in 1946, alongside English and Filipino , a standardized version of Tagalog . Spanish was briefly removed from official status in 1973 but reimplemented under
3478-596: The Toei Subway in Tokyo , which uses two narrow gauges and standard gauge. It is the only metro worldwide to operate on both narrow and broad gauge tracks. The network length is 170 kilometres (106 mi), with 183 stations, as of November 2021. It uses spare power from its regenerative braking to power charging stations in the vicinity of its infrastructure. The first rapid transit railway service in Barcelona
3572-664: The Zona Franca district and El Prat International Airport . The lines, which share a central section between Bon Pastor and Can Tries | Gornal, will be the longest automated metro line in Europe, at 47.8 kilometres (29.7 mi), and combined will have 52 stations. The project was approved in 2000 but has been challenged by some technical difficulties and some of their sections are pending further geological analysis. The first section of Line 9 that runs between La Sagrera and Can Zam opened in 2009, and by June 2010 eleven new stations on
3666-598: The " Barcelona Metro ", and the American " Louis Berger Group ," had been awarded the contract. The project was to cost $ 2.200 billion. It ended up costing only $ 1.857 billion. The construction contract was awarded to Linea 2 Consortium, formed by Odebrecht from Brazil and FCC from Spain, the same consortium that built Line 1 of the Panama Metro. Construction officially started in September 2015. Originally, Line 2 had to be delivered in April 2019, but since Panama City
3760-404: The 2021–2022 school year alone. The local business process outsourcing industry has also helped boost the language's economic prospects. Today, while the actual number of proficient Spanish speakers is around 400,000, or under 0.5% of the population, a new generation of Spanish speakers in the Philippines has likewise emerged, though speaker estimates vary widely. Aside from standard Spanish,
3854-595: The 20th century, Spanish was introduced to Equatorial Guinea and the Western Sahara , and to areas of the United States that had not been part of the Spanish Empire, such as Spanish Harlem in New York City . For details on borrowed words and other external influences upon Spanish, see Influences on the Spanish language . Spanish is the primary language in 20 countries worldwide. As of 2023, it
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3948-564: The 9th century, and the first systematic written use of the language happened in Toledo , a prominent city of the Kingdom of Castile , in the 13th century. Spanish colonialism in the early modern period spurred the introduction of the language to overseas locations, most notably to the Americas. As a Romance language, Spanish is a descendant of Latin. Around 75% of modern Spanish vocabulary
4042-461: The Airport opened on March 16, 2023. San Miguelito is the interchange station for both lines. The Panama Metro is part of a major "National Master Plan" to improve transportation around Panama City, which includes the construction of two more rapid transit lines, two monorail lines, three tram lines, and an aerial lift line. The government of Panama invited tenders for a contract to build
4136-654: The Equatoguinean education system and is the primary language used in government and business. Whereas it is not the mother tongue of virtually any of its speakers, the vast majority of the population is proficient in Spanish. The Instituto Cervantes estimates that 87.7% of the population is fluent in Spanish. The proportion of proficient Spanish speakers in Equatorial Guinea exceeds the proportion of proficient speakers in other West and Central African nations of their respective colonial languages. Spanish
4230-705: The Iberian Peninsula. These languages included Proto-Basque , Iberian , Lusitanian , Celtiberian and Gallaecian . The first documents to show traces of what is today regarded as the precursor of modern Spanish are from the 9th century. Throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era , the most important influences on the Spanish lexicon came from neighboring Romance languages — Mozarabic ( Andalusi Romance ), Navarro-Aragonese , Leonese , Catalan/Valencian , Portuguese , Galician , Occitan , and later, French and Italian . Spanish also borrowed
4324-628: The Japanese government approving a US$ 697 million loan for project development. Lines 4 and 5 will operate with rapid transit trains similar to Lines 1 and 2 and are scheduled to open by 2040. Line 4 will run between Curundú (a proposed infill station on Line 1) and Don Bosco in Tocumen . Line 5 will run between Santo Tomás station on Line 1 and El Crisol station on Line 2. Lines 6, 7 and 8 will operate with trams . Line 6 will operate between Merca Panama and Curundú (a proposed infill station on Line 1). Line 7 will be tourist oriented and will be
4418-540: The Old Spanish sibilants) for details. The Gramática de la lengua castellana , written in Salamanca in 1492 by Elio Antonio de Nebrija , was the first grammar written for a modern European language. According to a popular anecdote, when Nebrija presented it to Queen Isabella I , she asked him what was the use of such a work, and he answered that language is the instrument of empire. In his introduction to
4512-906: The Panamá Metro. The rolling stock is very similar to the Barcelona Metro 9000 Series and were built at Alstom's factory in Spain and underwent preliminary testing on the FGC network in Barcelona. The first three trains were shipped from Spain and arrived May 25, 2013. The standard gauge units have air-conditioning, CCTV, and passenger information and can accommodate 600 passengers per trainset. The trains initially consist of three-car sets, but all stations were built to accommodate five-car trainsets in anticipation of expected future ridership demand and some trains delivered since February 2018 have five cars, instead of three. Trains collect their power from
4606-734: The Plaça d'Espanya and Montjuïc , the site of the 1929 Barcelona International Exposition . These two later rapid transit companies contrasted with the first one in being inspired by the Métropolitain de Paris (named after the Metropolitan Railway , from where the word "metro" comes). As of 2022, the network consists of 12 lines managed by 2 different operators: Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB) and Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC, or Catalan Government Railways). Fares and nomenclature are controlled by
4700-589: The Royal Spanish Academy) states that, although the Royal Spanish Academy prefers to use the term español in its publications when referring to the Spanish language, both terms— español and castellano —are regarded as synonymous and equally valid. The term castellano is related to Castile ( Castilla or archaically Castiella ), the kingdom where the language was originally spoken. The name Castile , in turn,
4794-502: The U.S. population were of Hispanic or Hispanic American by origin. In turn, 41.8 million people in the United States aged five or older speak Spanish at home, or about 13% of the population. Spanish predominates in the unincorporated territory of Puerto Rico , where it is also an official language along with English. Spanish is by far the most common second language in the country, with over 50 million total speakers if non-native or second-language speakers are included. While English
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#17327766027984888-457: The administration of Ferdinand Marcos two months later. It remained an official language until the ratification of the present constitution in 1987, in which it was re-designated as a voluntary and optional auxiliary language. Additionally, the constitution, in its Article XIV, stipulates that the Government shall provide the people of the Philippines with a Spanish-language translation of
4982-684: The classic hispanus or hispanicus took the suffix -one from Vulgar Latin , as happened with other words such as bretón (Breton) or sajón (Saxon). Like the other Romance languages , the Spanish language evolved from Vulgar Latin , which was brought to the Iberian Peninsula by the Romans during the Second Punic War , beginning in 210 BC. Several pre-Roman languages (also called Paleohispanic languages )—some distantly related to Latin as Indo-European languages , and some that are not related at all—were previously spoken in
5076-500: The consonant written b (a bilabial with plosive and fricative allophones). In modern Spanish, there is no difference between the pronunciation of orthographic b and v . Typical of Spanish (as also of neighboring Gascon extending as far north as the Gironde estuary , and found in a small area of Calabria ), attributed by some scholars to a Basque substratum was the mutation of Latin initial f into h- whenever it
5170-404: The country's constitution. In recent years changing attitudes among non-Spanish speaking Filipinos have helped spur a revival of the language, and starting in 2009 Spanish was reintroduced as part of the basic education curriculum in a number of public high schools, becoming the largest foreign language program offered by the public school system, with over 7,000 students studying the language in
5264-554: The driver only supervising the train's systems. A branch line is proposed that would start on Condado del Rey station and run along the Via Centenario until it reaches MERCA Panama. Line 3 is planned to run 24.5 kilometres (15.2 mi) and serve 14 stations between West Panama and Albrook station in Panama City, where transfers can be made to Line 1. The line will travel in a tunnel up to 60 meters (200 ft) under
5358-491: The elevated Villa Zaita station, then continues on viaduct to San Isidro station, north of the city, continuing on viaduct via the original terminus of Los Andes , Pan de Azúcar station, San Miguelito station, Pueblo Nuevo (close to the Estrella Azul factory) to reach 12 de Octubre (the final elevated station), where it enters a trench, towards the underground section of Line 1. It continues its journey through
5452-683: The following table: Spanish is marked by palatalization of the Latin double consonants ( geminates ) nn and ll (thus Latin annum > Spanish año , and Latin anellum > Spanish anillo ). The consonant written u or v in Latin and pronounced [w] in Classical Latin had probably " fortified " to a bilabial fricative /β/ in Vulgar Latin. In early Spanish (but not in Catalan or Portuguese) it merged with
5546-466: The former British colony of Belize (known until 1973 as British Honduras ) where English is the sole official language, according to the 2022 census, 54% of the total population are able to speak the language. Due to its proximity to Spanish-speaking countries and small existing native Spanish speaking minority, Trinidad and Tobago has implemented Spanish language teaching into its education system. The Trinidadian and Tobagonian government launched
5640-604: The grammar, dated 18 August 1492, Nebrija wrote that "... language was always the companion of empire." From the 16th century onwards, the language was taken to the Spanish-discovered America and the Spanish East Indies via Spanish colonization of America . Miguel de Cervantes , author of Don Quixote , is such a well-known reference in the world that Spanish is often called la lengua de Cervantes ("the language of Cervantes"). In
5734-632: The language from the Kingdom of Castile , contrasting it with other languages spoken in Spain such as Galician , Basque , Asturian , Catalan/Valencian , Aragonese , Occitan and other minor languages. The Spanish Constitution of 1978 uses the term castellano to define the official language of the whole of Spain, in contrast to las demás lenguas españolas (lit. "the other Spanish languages "). Article III reads as follows: El castellano es la lengua española oficial del Estado. ... Las demás lenguas españolas serán también oficiales en las respectivas Comunidades Autónomas... Castilian
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#17327766027985828-423: The language's hegemony in an intensely centralising Spanish state were established from the 18th century onward. Other European territories in which it is also widely spoken include Gibraltar and Andorra . Spanish is also spoken by immigrant communities in other European countries, such as the United Kingdom , France , Italy , and Germany . Spanish is an official language of the European Union . Today,
5922-419: The line from San Miguelito to either Parque Urraca or Punta Pacifica, in the south of Panama City. It will be almost completely underground. Line 2A will be only 9 km long, but since building a metro line underground costs three times as much as building it an elevated metro line, Line 2A could cost as much as Line 2. The final phase will extend the line by one station, from Nuevo Tocumen to Felipillo. Phase 1
6016-417: The lines ("Sarrià line", "Balmes line"...). Much later, in the 1920s, a second and a third rapid transit railway systems were founded with the construction of the Gran Metro between Lesseps and the Plaça de Catalunya (part of the modern L3 ) and, two years later, the Metro Transversal (now part of L1 ). This third one was built between the Plaça de Catalunya and la Bordeta to link the city centre with
6110-529: The maintenance shop of Line 2 is located). Line 2 formally opened on April 25, 2019. The stations of the Ramal are: Corredor Sur (interchange station with the primary route of Line 2), ITSE (serves the Instituto Técnico Superior Especializado) and Aeropuerto (serves Tocumen International Airport ). The Metro operates seven days a week and 365 days a year. Its hours are Monday-Friday 05:00–23:00, Saturday 05:00–22:00, and Sundays and holidays 07:00–22:00. Alstom has delivered 19 three-car Metropolis trainsets for
6204-671: The maintenance shop of Line 2) It extends over 23 kilometers of route, this line have 18 stations (16 in the main line and 2 in the extension inaugurated in March 2023 called "El Ramal") all the stations in this line are elevated, the stations have the same length platform that the Line 1 stations. The stations are: San Miguelito, Paraíso, Cincuentenario, Villa Lucre, El Crisol, Brisas del Golf, Cerro Viento (this station gives access to Metromall and Centro Comercial Los Pueblos), San Antonio, Pedregal, Don Bosco, Corredor Sur (station of interchange with "El Ramal"), Las Mañanitas, Hospital del Este, Altos de Tocumen, 24 de Diciembre and Nuevo Tocumen (where
6298-628: The majority of the Spanish speakers live in Hispanic America . Nationally, Spanish is the official language—either de facto or de jure —of Argentina , Bolivia (co-official with 36 indigenous languages), Chile , Colombia , Costa Rica , Cuba , Dominican Republic , Ecuador , El Salvador , Guatemala , Honduras , Mexico (co-official with 63 indigenous languages), Nicaragua , Panama , Paraguay (co-official with Guaraní ), Peru (co-official with Quechua , Aymara , and "the other indigenous languages"), Puerto Rico (co-official with English), Uruguay , and Venezuela . Spanish language has
6392-421: The metro lines the company operates ( L6 , L7 and L8 ) and which become a fully-fledged railway system which serves most of the metropolitan area: list of FGC lines . FGC is developing metros for Sabadell and Terrassa - see Barcelona–Vallès Line . [REDACTED] The Spanish psychological horror film " Estación Rocafort " prominently features the Barcelona subway, with the Rocafort station serving as
6486-427: The metro stations are within fare zone 1. At the end of 2018, there are 187 operational stations in the Barcelona Metro, served by the 12 lines in current use. The average distance between 2 stations is 807.50 metres. An overwhelming majority of stations in the network lack related buildings or structures aboveground, mostly consisting of an access with stairs, escalators or elevators. The official TMB metro indicator,
6580-448: The metro system. The governments of Brazil and Taiwan offered to invest on the project. After an exhaustive inspection of all proposals for the construction of the railway system, the Línea Uno consortium, which includes the Spanish Fomento de Construcciones y Contratas (FCC), won the contract. In October 2009, the POYRY/Cal y Mayor y Asociados consortium won the contract for counseling the project development, and in January 2010, Systra
6674-430: The new Lines L9 and L10 had opened. As of February 2016, the 15-station, 19.6-kilometre (12.2 mi) south section of Line L9 between Zona Universitària and the airport ( Aeroport T1 station) opened. In addition to the one-way ticket there are a number of other tickets and cards. All of the Autoritat del Transport Metropolità (ATM) transport cards are valid and can be used in the Barcelona Metro. These are: All of
6768-734: The northwest of the African mainland. The Spanish spoken in the Canary Islands traces its origins back to the Castilian conquest in the 15th century , and, in addition to a resemblance to Western Andalusian speech patterns, it also features strong influence from the Spanish varieties spoken in the Americas, which in turn have also been influenced historically by Canarian Spanish. The Spanish spoken in North Africa by native bilingual speakers of Arabic or Berber who also speak Spanish as
6862-524: The official sites of TMB and FGC The Barcelona Metro is part of a larger transportation network, regulated and fare-integrated by Autoritat del Transport Metropolità . Among these services, there are two large systems which operate both inside and outside the city limits of Barcelona : the commuter train lines operated by Renfe , amalgamated in the Rodalies Barcelona , or Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya lines which start in
6956-409: The original delivery date. However, the first test ran with 12 trains for 8 hours was conducted on December 28, with a partial opening on January 15 with five stations for the summit. The line was then closed again and re-opened on the original date. In August 2018, it was announced that Line 2 would operate partially from Corredor Sur to San Miguelito 24 hours a day during the summit. In January 2019, it
7050-533: The population. Many northern Moroccans have rudimentary knowledge of Spanish, with Spanish being particularly significant in areas adjacent to Ceuta and Melilla. Spanish also has a presence in the education system of the country (through either selected education centers implementing Spain's education system, primarily located in the North, or the availability of Spanish as foreign language subject in secondary education). In Western Sahara , formerly Spanish Sahara ,
7144-642: The subway. The third and the fourth phases of the project took place between 2011 and 2012 and consisted of the construction of all viaducts and stations and the relocation of the public utilities. The control center that supervises the whole metro operations and the Automatic Train Supervision was provided by Thales , along with the network infrastructure and communication and security solutions including CCTV, telephony, intercom, TETRA radio, visual and audio information to passengers, and fire detection. By September 2013, construction of Line 1
7238-546: The system and extended the metro's total route length to 15.8 kilometers (9.8 mi). On May 16, 2014, three different consortiums offered several proposals for the planning, cost estimation, and technical feasibility of Line 2 of the system. After making a detailed inquiry of all proposals, the Metro de Panama secretary announced on July 12, 2014, that the PML2 consortium, which includes the Spanish "Ayesa Ingeniería y Arquitectura",
7332-463: The system's maintenance shop is located), and extended over 13.7 kilometers (8.5 mi) of route, including 7.2 kilometers (4.5 mi) underground and 6.5 kilometers (4.0 mi) elevated. Initially, Line 1 had 11 passenger stations: 5 elevated, 5 underground, and 1 at-grade; 3 more stations were later added. The twelfth station, Lotería , which was the sixth underground station, opened on August 27, 2014. The El Ingenio subway station, located between
7426-537: The term español (Spanish). According to the Royal Spanish Academy, español derives from the Occitan word espaignol and that, in turn, derives from the Vulgar Latin * hispaniolus ('of Hispania'). Hispania was the Roman name for the entire Iberian Peninsula . There are other hypotheses apart from the one suggested by the Royal Spanish Academy. Spanish philologist Ramón Menéndez Pidal suggested that
7520-444: The theories of Ramón Menéndez Pidal , local sociolects of Vulgar Latin evolved into Spanish, in the north of Iberia, in an area centered in the city of Burgos , and this dialect was later brought to the city of Toledo , where the written standard of Spanish was first developed, in the 13th century. In this formative stage, Spanish developed a strongly differing variant from its close cousin, Leonese , and, according to some authors,
7614-640: The third most used language on the Internet , after English and Chinese. Spanish is the official language of Spain . Upon the emergence of the Castilian Crown as the dominant power in the Iberian Peninsula by the end of the Middle Ages, the Romance vernacular associated with this polity became increasingly used in instances of prestige and influence, and the distinction between "Castilian" and "Spanish" started to become blurred. Hard policies imposing
7708-678: The underground Fernández de Córdoba station and the first elevated station, 12 de Octubre, was originally scheduled to open in August 2014, but it opened on May 8, 2015. The original northern terminus station of the metro was Los Andes. However, it was a temporary terminus station since the government had approved an extension of Line 1 to a final elevated station in San Isidro. San Isidro was also originally scheduled to open in August 2014, but it finally opened on August 15, 2015. The extension to San Isidro added 2.1 kilometers (1.3 mi) of route to
7802-476: The underground stations of El Ingenio , Fernandez de Cordoba , Vía Argentina , Iglesia del Carmen , Santo Tomás , Lotería , and 5 de Mayo . Finally, it reaches the terminus station, the system's only at-grade station, Albrook , with a bridge connection to the bus terminal and Albrook Mall . Line 2 Panama Metro's Line 2 runs over a mostly west-east route from San Miguelito station (interchange station with Line 1) to Nuevo Tocumen station (where are located
7896-596: The world's most widely spoken Romance language. The country with the largest population of native speakers is Mexico . Spanish is part of the Ibero-Romance language group , in which the language is also known as Castilian ( castellano ). The group evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in Iberia after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century. The oldest Latin texts with traces of Spanish come from mid-northern Iberia in
7990-550: Was 92% complete, which allowed a test run with some of the rolling stock. The construction of Line 1 cost $ 1.452 billion. The authority in charge of the planning, construction, and execution of the project had a budget of $ 200 million for the year 2012. In December 2011, the Secretaría del Metro de Panamá clarified that the updated cost of the project is US$ 1.880 billion, including public utilities relocations and engineering and project management costs. On April 5, 2014, Line 1
8084-465: Was announced that Line 2 would open from January 18 to 28, with five stations operating, including 42 hours of continuous operations on the 26th and the 27th. Line 2 was formally opened on April 25, 2019. On March 16, 2023, a branch of Line 2, known as El Ramal, connecting Corredor Sur and Tocumen International Airport, Aeropuerto , was opened. There are no through trains to Aeropuerto, the trains start at Corredor Sur. Panama Metro's Line 1 runs over
8178-404: Was awarded a contract to create detailed infrastructure designs. The first phase of the project consisted of planning, cost estimation, and technical feasibility. The second phase consisted of several soil studies, topography, and demand refinings. Both phases were started and executed simultaneously in late 2009. In December 2010, the government finally awarded the tender for the construction of
8272-634: Was developed in the cities of Toledo , in the 13th to 16th centuries, and Madrid , from the 1570s. The development of the Spanish sound system from that of Vulgar Latin exhibits most of the changes that are typical of Western Romance languages , including lenition of intervocalic consonants (thus Latin vīta > Spanish vida ). The diphthongization of Latin stressed short e and o —which occurred in open syllables in French and Italian, but not at all in Catalan or Portuguese—is found in both open and closed syllables in Spanish, as shown in
8366-622: Was distinguished by a heavy Basque influence (see Iberian Romance languages ). This distinctive dialect spread to southern Spain with the advance of the Reconquista , and meanwhile gathered a sizable lexical influence from the Arabic of Al-Andalus , much of it indirectly, through the Romance Mozarabic dialects (some 4,000 Arabic -derived words, make up around 8% of the language today). The written standard for this new language
8460-713: Was followed by a vowel that did not diphthongize. The h- , still preserved in spelling, is now silent in most varieties of the language, although in some Andalusian and Caribbean dialects, it is still aspirated in some words. Because of borrowings from Latin and neighboring Romance languages, there are many f -/ h - doublets in modern Spanish: Fernando and Hernando (both Spanish for "Ferdinand"), ferrero and herrero (both Spanish for "smith"), fierro and hierro (both Spanish for "iron"), and fondo and hondo (both words pertaining to depth in Spanish, though fondo means "bottom", while hondo means "deep"); additionally, hacer ("to make")
8554-559: Was founded in 1863 by the private company Ferrocarril de Barcelona a Sarrià ("Railway from Barcelona to Sarrià", after 1916 Sarrià joined the municipality of Barcelona ). Later this line evolved in what now is basically the current L6 metro service. This railway system, now part of the Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya company, was later inspired by the London Underground naming style having long names for
8648-487: Was hosting the Catholic World Youth Summit in January 2019, construction was being accelerated, and a new delivery date was announced as December 31, 2018, to serve the one million tourists who were expected to attend the summit. However, in 2018, a month-long labor strike eroded over US$ 900 million from the annual GDP figure and caused the same amount of losses. That pushed back the delivery date to
8742-402: Was opened, and the first public passenger trips on the new system were carried out. The next day, the line entered active passenger revenue service. In its first year of operations, the system carried 200,000 people per day on average, 25% more than had been expected. The initial segment of Panama Metro's Line 1 ran over a mostly north–south route, from Los Andes to the Albrook bus station (where
8836-462: Was revoked by Michel Temer after the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff . In many border towns and villages along Paraguay and Uruguay, a mixed language known as Portuñol is spoken. Equatorial Guinea is the only Spanish-speaking country located entirely in Africa, with the language introduced during the Spanish colonial period . Enshrined in the constitution as an official language (alongside French and Portuguese), Spanish features prominently in
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