The panduri ( Georgian : ფანდური ) is a traditional Georgian three-string plucked instrument common in all regions of Eastern Georgia : such as Pshav - Khevsureti , Tusheti , Kakheti and Kartli . The panduri is generally used to accompany solo heroic, comic and love songs, as well as dance.
15-424: The frets on the panduri are traditionally made of wood inlaid in the fingerboard, usually seven frets to an octave, but nowadays chromatic fretting with metal frets can also be found. The body of the panduri is usually made more in the shape of a spade, less often with a parallel sided endblock. It is traditionally carved from a single block of wood, but a staved construction (like a lute) is also common. The panduri
30-470: A fourth, half-length drone string. Additionally, the chonguri is an instrument mainly played by women, while the panduri is usually played by men. A similar instrument is found in Chechnya , where it is known as: phandar , pondar, ponder, pandir, pandur, dechig pondur, adkhoku pondur, dakhch pandr, or merz ponder. Chonguri The choghur ( Azerbaijani : Çoğur ; Georgian : ჩონგური )
45-613: Is a plucked string musical instrument common in Azerbaijan and Georgia . It has 4 nylon strings. The choghur dates back to the 12th to 16th centuries, the period between the gopuz and the Bağlama . In the Caucasus , Iran and Anatolia , and in Sufi traditions, darvishes and ashugs used an instrument called the "chaghyr" /"chagur"/ "chugur" / "choghur" / "chungur". Presumably,
60-488: Is a three-stringed lute from the highland and lowland regions of eastern Georgia, usually played by strumming, and often for choral and rhythmic support of vocal melody. There are two kinds of panduri in Georgia: one is the traditional "folk" panduri, which typically has seven frets and more closely approximates the scale divisions in the non-Western Georgian scale system. The second kind is the "chromatic" panduri, which has
75-590: Is the traditional "folk" panduri, which typically has seven frets and more closely approximates the scale divisions in the non-Western Georgian scale system. The second kind is the "chromatic" panduri, which has the same tonal divisions as a guitar and is capable of reproducing all the half-steps of the tempered Western scale. It is also sometimes found in Western Georgia (Upper Imereti and Racha). The two-stringed panduri survives in Khevsureti. Sometimes
90-541: The Azerbaijan History Museum has three pairs of strings and 22 frets on its neck . The body of this instrument is made of mulberry wood. The top of the body has a wooden covering that is four mm thick. The neck and head of the instrument are made of nut wood, the pegs of pear wood. The total length of the instrument is 880 mm. The body is 400 mm long, 225 mm wide and 140 mm tall. Two resonator apertures are drilled on each side of
105-541: The Caucasus region, especially Dagestan , and related to the Choghur (from Azerbaijan, etc.) and Chonguri (from Georgia ). It has either four single strings or four doubled courses, or seven strings (doubled courses with the lowest course single). It can have a straight peghead (like a saz) or a pegbox with pegs from the side which bends back like a violin scroll. The soundholes are usually several small holes in
120-401: The body, and several apertures are made on top of the sounding board . Its scale goes from the "do" of the small octave to the "sol" of the second octave. The Chonguri ( ჩონგური ) is an instrument from Georgia related to the panduri , but larger and with a peg halfway down the neck. It has nylon (traditionally gut) strings. The Chungur ( Чугур ) or Chugur is an instrument played in
135-417: The end of his life Panduri The panduri ( Georgian : ფანდური ) is a traditional Georgian three-string plucked instrument common in all regions of Eastern Georgia : such as Pshav - Khevsureti , Tusheti , Kakheti and Kartli . The panduri is generally used to accompany solo heroic, comic and love songs, as well as dance. The frets on the panduri are traditionally made of wood inlaid in
150-583: The fingerboard, usually seven frets to an octave, but nowadays chromatic fretting with metal frets can also be found. The body of the panduri is usually made more in the shape of a spade, less often with a parallel sided endblock. It is traditionally carved from a single block of wood, but a staved construction (like a lute) is also common. The panduri is a three-stringed lute from the highland and lowland regions of eastern Georgia, usually played by strumming, and often for choral and rhythmic support of vocal melody. There are two kinds of panduri in Georgia: one
165-413: The name "choghur" means "the musical instrument used to appeal to God and truth". In Azerbaijani the word "chaghir" means "to call", "to appeal". It may be assumed that the name of the instrument originates from the expression "chal-chaghyr" (festivity or celebration), which was later changed to "choghur". Various historical sources indicate that the choghur was used to create a high battle spirit among
SECTION 10
#1732787054033180-490: The nine strings, 15 frets and perfect timbre of the choghur.16 It is possible to conclude from historical facts that in the 12th-13th centuries, the choghur replaced the ozan gopuz, and in the 15th-16th centuries, the choghur was replaced by the saz. But some versions of the choghur that were spread throughout the Caucasus and among the Iraqi Turkmens have survived until the present. The 19th-century choghur stored in
195-421: The same tonal divisions as a guitar and is capable of reproducing all the half-steps of the tempered Western scale. It is also sometimes found in Western Georgia (Upper Imereti and Racha). The two-stringed panduri survives in Khevsureti. Sometimes the panduri is also mistakenly called a "chonguri" - but the chonguri is a completely different instrument which comes from western Georgia; it is fretless, and it has
210-483: The soldiers of the medieval Safavid state's army. In the " Jahanarai Shah Ismayil Safavi " annals , describing the situation at the beginning of the 16th century, several lines are devoted to such an occasion: "At the head of the victoriously striding army, chukurs played and Turks-Varsakgs sang in order to raise the battle spirit of the warriors." In his work "Turkmen Times in the South", Ali Reza Yalchin tells about
225-413: The soundboard in a geometrical pattern. Traditional ones have tied frets around the neck, and more modern ones have a raised fingerboard with metal inlaid frets. The small round body (unlike the spade-shaped chonguri) can be carved from a solid block of wood or made from separate ribs in a round shape like a small lute or domra . An excellent Azerbaijani lute ( choghur ), which he played less toward
#32967