89-759: The Passmore Edwards Museum was a museum in Stratford , East London. Earlier in its life it was also known as the Essex Local and Educational Museum of Natural History. It began life as the collection and library of the Essex Field Club, which formed the new museum's nucleus by agreement between the Club and the Corporation of West Ham . In an agreement made between the Corporation of West Ham and
178-665: A Salvation Army hall in 1911. From the 1930s it was used as the Embassy Billiard Hall and after the war became the Bow Palais , but was demolished in 1956 after a fire. The London E postcode area was formed in 1866, with the E3 sub-division in 1917: A statue of William Ewart Gladstone stands outside Bow Church. It was donated in 1882 by Theodore H. Bryant, part-owner of the Bryant and May match factory. In 1888,
267-461: A Roman road'. It is formed from Old English 'stræt' (in modern English 'street') and 'ford'. The former river crossing lay at an uncertain location north of Stratford High Street . The district of Old Ford in northern Bow – west of the Lea – is named after the former crossing, while Bow itself was also initially named Stratford, after the same ford, and a variety of suffixes were used to distinguish
356-451: A desirable country retreat for wealthy merchants and financiers, within an easy ride of the City . When Daniel Defoe visited Stratford in 1722, he reported it had "...increased in buildings to a strange degree, within the compass of about 20 or 30 years past at the most". He continues that "...this increase is, generally speaking, of hansom large houses... being chiefly for the habitations of
445-476: A dispute with the landlord. The club would merge with Thames Ironworks F.C. , the forerunner of West Ham United F.C. , in 1895. Directly to the south of the churchyard stands a 12.80-metre tall granite obelisk , which was erected in 1861 as a memorial to the Quaker philanthropist and abolitionist , Samuel Gurney (1766 to 1856). The plinth carries two brass drinking fountain heads on opposite sides, with
534-576: A distinctive thorn tree (possibly a pollarded Hawthorn ) which stood in the area. The thorn tree itself, was mentioned much earlier, in a charter of the Manor of Ham , in 958 AD. The tree is thought to have stood in the vicinity of the modern Channel Sea rail junction, around 200 metres north-north-west of the London Aquatics Centre . In 1110 Matilda , wife of Henry I , ordered a distinctively bow-shaped (arched) bridge to be built over
623-672: A galleried top-lit dome. It closed in 1994, and its collections were transferred to Newham Heritage Service and other museums. Its building is now used as the Student Union for the Stratford Campus of the University of East London . 51°32′36″N 0°00′35″E / 51.5432°N 0.0097°E / 51.5432; 0.0097 Stratford, London Stratford is a town in East London , England, in
712-502: A manufacturer in Derby . In 1867, during drainage operations at the match factory of Bell & Black at Bell Road, St. Leonard's Street, the foundations of one of the kilns were discovered* , with a large quantity of 'wasters' and fragments of broken pottery. The houses close by were then called China Row, but now lie beneath modern housing. Chemical analysis of the firing remains showed them to contain high quantities of bone-ash, pre-dating
801-553: A means to mix this with clay and create a form of fine porcelain, said to rival the best from abroad, known as Bow Porcelain . In November 1753, in Aris's Birmingham Gazette , the following advertisement appeared: This is to give notice to all painters in the blue and white potting way and enamellers on chinaware, that by applying at the counting-house at the china-house near Bow, they may meet with employment and proper encouragement according to their merit; likewise painters brought up in
890-565: A permanent legacy of the 2012 Summer Olympics. It closed after the end of the Games, but was reopened to the public in April 2014. Built in 1868, as part of the new London sewerage system by Sir Joseph Bazalgette , the building originally housed steam pumps and is a notable example of Italian style Gothic Revival architecture . It is opened to the public on an occasional basis, when the "flamboyant interior of enriched cast ironwork" can be seen. It
979-672: A political cause in the 1970/80s. In 1978, Rock Against Racism organised a protest event against growth of far-right organisations such as the National Front . The concert was played by The Clash , Steel Pulse , X-Ray Spex , The Ruts , Sham 69 , Generation X , and the Tom Robinson Band . In 1975, the Baroness Burdett Coutts Drinking Fountain was given Grade II* listed status by Historic England . Bromley Public Hall ,
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#17327875459701068-744: A rising population created the need for the Poplar Board of Works in 1855. This was superseded by the Metropolitan Borough of Poplar in 1900 until it was absorbed into the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in 1965. The council offices in Poplar High Street became Poplar Town Hall on the formation of the Metropolitan Borough of Poplar in 1900. Stratforde was first recorded as a settlement in 1177,
1157-462: A successful campaign to raise more than £3,000,000 to renovate the church, so that it could continue to be used as a church, and also to better serve the local community. Channel 4 ’s The Big Breakfast was broadcast live from a former lockkeeper's cottages located on Fish Island, in Old Ford, from 28 September 1992 until 29 March 2002. Rachel Whiteread 's temporary public sculpture " House "
1246-400: A teeming and an industrious population." By the early 19th century, Stratford was an important transport hub, with omnibuses and coaches running into London four times every hour and coaches from East Anglia passing through hourly. The route into London was plied by Walter Hancock 's steam coaches for a period during the 1830s. A small dock and a number of wharves were operating on
1335-599: Is a memorial to the Stratford Martyrs , who were burned at the stake in 1556 (possibly at Stratford, but more likely at Bow ) during the reign of Queen Mary . The memorial itself is octagonal with terracotta plaques on each face, surmounted by a twelve sided spire. It was unveiled in 1878. St Francis of Assisi Church, Stratford is the Roman Catholic church in Stratford. It was built in 1868 and
1424-733: Is an inner-city suburb located 4.6 miles (7.4 km) east of Charing Cross . Historically in Middlesex , it became part of the County of London in 1888 . "Bow" is an abbreviation of the medieval name Stratford-at-Bow , in which "Bow" refers to the bow-shaped bridge built here in the early 12th century. Bow contains parts of both Victoria Park and the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park . Old Ford and Fish Island are localities within Bow, but Bromley-by-Bow immediately to
1513-565: Is held by Rokhsana Fiaz since 4 May 2018. In 2018, previous incumbent Sir Robin Wales was de-selected by the Newham Labour Party to be their candidate in the mayoral election, losing to Custom House councillor Rokhsana Fiaz by 861 votes to Wales who had 503. The modern borough has an electoral ward named 'Stratford and New Town'. Most of the 560-acre Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park is located within Stratford, with other parts of
1602-484: Is likely to refer to the presence of a stone causeway across the marshes, which formed a part of the crossing. In 1110 Matilda , wife of Henry I , reputedly fell into the water at the ford on her way to Barking Abbey , and consequently ordered a distinctively bow-shaped, three-arched bridge to be built over the River Lea , The like of which had not been seen before . The area became known variously as Stradford of
1691-695: Is now private apartments known as the Bow Quarter . Emmeline Pankhurst began the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) in 1903 with her daughters Christabel and Sylvia . Sylvia became increasingly disillusioned with the Suffragette movement's inability to engage with the needs of working-class women like the match girls. Sylvia formed a breakaway movement, the East London Federation of Suffragettes , and based at 198 Bow Road, by
1780-471: Is served by Franciscan Friars . As of the 2011 census, White British is the largest ethnic group in the Stratford and New Town ward, at 21% of the population, followed by Other White at 19% and Black African at 13%; other ethnic groups comprised the remaining 47%. Bow, London Bow ( / ˈ b oʊ / ) is a district in East London , England and is in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets . It
1869-522: The matchgirls' strike occurred at the Bryant and May match factory in Fairfield Road. This was a forerunner of the suffragette movement fight for women's rights and also the trade union movement. The factory was rebuilt in 1911 and the brick entrance includes a depiction of Noah's Ark and the word 'Security' used as a trademark on the matchboxes. Match production ceased in 1979 and the building
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#17327875459701958-623: The 2012 Summer Olympics . The company would have had to relocate from Stratford following a Compulsory Purchase Order. Then Mayor of London , Boris Johnson , officially opened the newly finished smokehouse in Old Ford in 2009. Following the compulsory purchase, the company rebuilt its premises near to the Olympic Park, on the banks of the River Lee. In 2010 the National Lottery Big Lottery Fund awarded
2047-571: The Channelsea River and Marsh Lane (Manor Road). Nothing visible remains on the site, as after it dissolution by Henry VIII in 1538, local landowners took away much of the stone for their own buildings and the land was subsequently urbanised. A stone window and a carving featuring skulls – thought to have been over the door to the charnel house – remain in All Saints Church, West Ham (dating from about 1180). The Great Gate of
2136-458: The City , across the River Lea , to Romford , Chelmsford and Colchester . At that time the various branches of the river were tidal and without channels, while the marshes surrounding them had yet to be drained. The Lea Valley formed a natural boundary between Essex on the eastern bank and Middlesex on the west, and was a formidable obstacle to overland trade and travel. The name is first recorded in 1067 as Strætforda and means ' ford on
2225-516: The Factory centre of the south of England . Stratford was the base the greatest concentration of manufacturing activity within West Ham. Stratford was originally an agricultural community, whose proximity to London provided a ready market for its produce. By the 18th century, the area around Stratford was noted for potato growing, a business that continued into the mid-1800s. Stratford also became
2314-729: The Fairfield steam carriage for the Bristol and Exeter Railway and the Enfield for the Eastern Counties Railway . The business failed and the works closed c. 1872 , later becoming the factory of Bryant and May . Bow was the headquarters of the North London Railway , which opened its locomotive and carriage workshops in 1853. There were two stations, Old Ford and Bow . During World War 2
2403-573: The London Borough of Newham . Part of the Lower Lea Valley , it is 6 miles (9.7 km) northeast of Charing Cross , and includes Maryland and East Village . Historically an ancient parish in the hundred of Becontree in Essex , following reform of local government in London in 1965 it became part of the borough of Newham in the newly formed Greater London. Stratford grew rapidly in
2492-485: The London Transport Executive in 1950. The station building was placed as a Grade II listed building on 27 September 1973. The Metropolitan Borough of Poplar was absorbed along with the boroughs of Stepney and Poplar into the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in 1965 as part of the newly formed Greater London . Victoria Park became known for its open air music festivals , often linked with
2581-704: The Metropolitan Building Act , the arrival of the railway and the creation of the nearby Royal Docks . Rapid growth followed the Metropolitan Building Act of 1844, which restricted dangerous and noxious industries from operating in the metropolitan area, the eastern boundary of which was the River Lea . Consequently, many of these activities were relocated to the banks of the river, and West Ham became one of Victorian Britain's major manufacturing centres for pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and processed foods. This rapid growth earned it
2670-712: The Old Ford area, which has also been known as North Bow. There was a nearby Benedictine nunnery from the Norman era onwards, known as St Leonard's Priory and immortalized in Chaucer's description of the Nun Prioress in the General Prologue to his Canterbury Tales . And Frenssh she spak ful faire and fetisly, After the scole of Stratford atte Bowe, For Frenssh of Parys was to hire unknowe. The area
2759-666: The 15th century by a hermit. This endowment was later administered by Stratford Langthorne Abbey . By 1549, this route had become known as The Kings Way , and later became known as the Great Essex Road . Responsibility for maintenance of the bridge was always in dispute, no more so than with the Dissolution of the Monasteries , when local landowners who had taken over the Abbey lands were found responsible. The bridge
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2848-426: The 19th century after the railway came to the area in 1839, forming part of the conurbation of London , similar to much of south-west Essex. The late 20th century was a period of severe economic decline in the area, eventually reversed by ongoing regeneration associated with the 2012 Summer Olympics , for which Stratford's Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park , part of the large, multi-purpose Stratford City development,
2937-502: The Bow , Stratford of the Bow , Stratford the Bow , Stratforde the Bowe , and Stratford-atte-Bow (at the Bow) which over time was shortened to Bow to distinguish it from Stratford Langthorne on the Essex bank of the Lea. Land and Abbey Mill were given to Barking Abbey for maintenance of the bridge, who also maintained a chapel on the bridge dedicated to St Katherine , occupied until
3026-492: The Essex Field Club, dated 25 July 1898, the museum was to be founded as follows: John Passmore Edwards contributed substantially to the foundation of the museum and its name was later changed to reflect this. On 6 October 1898 he laid the first stone. The museum building adjoined the West Ham Technical Institute and was opened in 1900 by Daisy Greville, Countess of Warwick . Its central space had
3115-531: The Great or else after King Frederick William IV who visited the area in 1842 to meet Elizabeth Fry , the prison reformer. In 1914, the first year of World War One , the pub was renamed in honour of the preceding king, Edward VII who had died in 1910. The old name was problematic as 'The King of Prussia' was one of the titles of the German Emperor, Kaiser Wilhelm II . More than a hundred years later,
3204-830: The King Edward VII pub is still locally nicknamed 'The Prussian'. A 38 tonne 0-6-0 saddle-tank steam locomotive named Robert is displayed in Meridian Square, the forecourt of Stratford Station. It was built in 1933 by the Avonside Engine Company of Bristol for use at the Lamport Ironstone mines railway near Brixworth , Northamptonshire. It was previously an exhibit at the North Woolwich Old Station Museum , but moved to Stratford in 1999. In 2008, it
3293-524: The London Borough of Tower Hamlets a £4.5 million grant towards a £12 million programme of major improvements to Victoria Park. Fish Island has a long history as a home to artists and art spaces, having one of the highest densities of fine artists, designers and artisans in Europe according to a 2009 study which found around 600 artists' studios. In September 2014 Bow School moved from
3382-624: The North London Railway branch from Dalston to Poplar through Bow was so badly damaged that it was abandoned. Bow station opened in 1850 and was rebuilt in 1870 in a grand style, designed by Edwin Henry Horne and featuring a concert hall that was 100 ft long (30 m) and 40 ft wide (12 m). This became The Bow and Bromley Institute , then in 1887 the East London Technical College and
3471-734: The Nunnery Gallery on Bow Road. An annual fête and music festival held on Wennington Green in Mile End Park initiated by the vicar of St Barnabas Bethnal Green and called the St Barnabas Community Fete (or Bowstock) ran from 2003 to 2010, with the 2007 fete being part of a case study in the 'Community' section of the Living Britain report published by Zurich and The Future Laboratory. In 2003, H. Forman and Son learned of London's bid to host
3560-731: The Old Town Hall has provided the climax of victory celebrations for West Ham United FC , winning major trophies such as the FA Cup in 1980 and the UEFA Europa Conference League in 2023. Opposite St John's Church stands an early 19th-century pub , the King Edward VII , with original pedimented doors and early 19th-century bay windows ; it is a Grade II listed building. It was originally called "The King of Prussia ", either in honour of Frederick
3649-641: The Portland Stone panels commemorate the trades constructing the Town Hall and symbolise the borough's relationship with the River Thames and the youth of Poplar. A memorial to Lansbury stands on the corner of Bow Road and Harley Grove, near 39 Bow Road which was his family home in the constituency until it was destroyed in the Blitz . It describes him as "A great servant of the people". Lansbury
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3738-440: The River Lea at Stratford by the 1820s, serving the needs of local industries. The opening of the Victoria Dock (later Royal Victoria Dock ) nearby on the Thames in 1855, and the subsequent construction of the Royal Group of Docks (at one time the largest area of impounded water in the world), increased Stratford's importance as a transport and manufacturing centre. Rising population levels led to two major new Anglican churches in
3827-413: The River Lea, together with a causeway across the marshes along the line now occupied by Stratford High Street. Reports state she (or her retinue) encountered problems crossing the river to get to Barking Abbey . The western Stratford then become suffixed by "-atte-Bow" (at the Bow), eventually became known simply as Bow , while over time the eastern Stratford lost its "Langthorne" suffix. The bridge
3916-465: The River Lea. Using a process that was patented in 1744, Edward Heylin and Thomas Frye operated a factory near Bow Bridge called "New Canton" to produce some of the first soft-paste porcelain to be made in the country. The site of the factory was to the north of Stratford High Street near the modern Bow Flyover; it was the subject of archaeological excavations in 1921 and 1969. The Victorian era saw growth hugely accelerated by three major factors:
4005-432: The West Ham Local board of health . It later became the town hall for the county borough and was enlarged in 1881 to accommodate a courthouse and cells . On 26 June 1982, the main part of the building was badly damaged by fire; after a painstaking reconstruction of the original features and refurbishment as a conference centre , it was reopened by the Queen in July 1986. It is a Grade II listed building . The balcony of
4094-499: The abbey survived in Baker's Row until 1825. The doorway to the Old Court House, in Tramway Avenue (Stratford), displays the Abbey's coat of arms. The chevrons from this device, originally from the arms of the Mountfitchet family, together with an abbot's crozier were incorporated into the arms of the former County Borough of West Ham in 1887. The new London Borough of Newham adopted the same arms in 1965. The industrialisation of Stratford started slowly and accelerated rapidly in
4183-401: The age of 30, and equal rights were finally achieved ten years later. Pankhurst spent 12 years in Bow fighting for women's rights. She risked constant arrest and spent a lot of time in Holloway Prison , often on hunger strike. She finally achieved her aim, and along the way had alleviated some of the poverty and misery and improved social conditions for all in the East End. Poplar Town Hall
4272-405: The area urbanised it expanded, increased in population and merged with neighbouring districts. Except as a ward, Stratford has never been a unit of administration and so, like many London districts, lacks formally defined boundaries. As described however, Stratford occupies the north-west part of West Ham and so takes the northwest boundaries of that area; boundaries which have subsequently become
4361-400: The area, St John's Church in 1834 and Christ Church in 1851. Stratford station was opened on 20 June 1839 by the Eastern Counties Railway (ECR). The Northern and Eastern Railway opened a section of its authorised line from Broxbourne to join the ECR at Stratford on 15 September 1840. A railway works and depot for engines and rolling stock was established by Great Eastern in 1847 to
4450-411: The borough was large enough in terms of population to become a county borough and was outside the area of responsibility of Essex County Council . Stratford formed the centre of administration of the county borough and was the location of the town hall. Following reform of local government in London in 1965, West Ham was reunited with East Ham ( Ham is believed to have formed a single unit until
4539-415: The built up area of London the parish remained outside the statutory metropolitan area established in 1855 and the County of London established in 1889. Instead, administrative reform was undertaken in the area in much the same way as a large provincial town. A local board was formed in 1856 under the Public Health Act 1848 and subsequently the parish was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1886. In 1889
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#17327875459704628-415: The church, in a baker's shop. This was emblazoned with " Votes for Women " in large gold letters and opened in October 1912. The local Member of Parliament , George Lansbury , resigned his seat to stand on a platform of women's enfranchisement. Sylvia supported him and Bow Road became the campaign office, culminating in a huge rally in nearby Victoria Park , but Lansbury was narrowly defeated and support for
4717-429: The claim of Josiah Spode to have invented the bone china process. More recent investigations of documentary and archaeological evidence suggests the concern was to the north of the High Street and across the river. Grove Hall Private Lunatic Asylum was established on the plot in 1820. This establishment primarily catered for ex-servicemen and was featured in Charles Dickens ' novel Nicholas Nickleby (1839). It
4806-427: The crowds. By the mid-19th century, the authorities had had enough and the fair was suppressed. During the 17th century Bow and the Essex bank became a centre for the slaughter and butchery of cattle for the City market. Additionally the piggery which used the mash residue produced by the gin mills at Three Mills meant a ready supply of animal bones, and local entrepreneurs Thomas Frye and Edward Heylyn developed
4895-418: The early Victorian era. The Stratford and national experience of the Industrial Revolution inspired scenes in the 2012 Olympic Opening Ceremony covering the traumatic transition from a 'Green and Pleasant Land' to the 'Pandemonium' of the revolution and the huge social and economic changes it brought. The level of industrialisation experienced by the parish and borough of West Ham led to it becoming known as
4984-417: The inscription: IN REMEMBRANCE OF SAMUEL GURNEY / WHO DIED 5 June 1856 / ERECTED BY HIS FELLOW PARISHIONERS AND FRIENDS / 1861 / "When the ear heard him then it blessed him" (a paraphrase from the Book of Job , Chapter 29 verse 11). Designed by Lewis Angell and John Giles in the Italianate style with a 100-foot (30-metre) tall domed tower, Stratford Town Hall opened in 1869 as the public offices for
5073-480: The land was acquired by the local council, the open plot opposite West Ham Police Station, was let to Castle Swifts F.C. for use as their home ground. This was the works team of the Castle Shipping Line which had an repair yard at Leamouth in Blackwall . The Castle Swifts named the ground Dunottar Park in honour of the company's ship RMS Dunottar Castle . The club were only based in Stratford in that, their first year, moving to Temple Meadows in East Ham after
5162-405: The late 12th century) and small areas of neighbouring districts, to form the London Borough of Newham , part of the new Greater London . Stratford is in the constituency of West Ham , represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2005 by Lyn Brown of the Labour Party . Stratford is part of the mayorship under the Mayor of Newham which is a directly elected mayor and
5251-423: The lifetime of the Stratford works, 1,682 locomotives , 5,500 passenger coaches and 33,000 goods wagons were built. The last part of the works closed in March 1991. Stratford, like many areas of London, particularly in the East End, suffered significant de-industrialisation in the 20th century. This was compounded by the closing of the London Docks in the 1960s. Around this time, the Stratford Shopping Centre
5340-402: The name "London over the border". The growth of the town was summarised by The Times in 1886: "Factory after factory was erected on the marshy wastes of Stratford and Plaistow, and it only required the construction at Canning Town of the Victoria and Albert Docks to make the once desolate parish of West Ham a manufacturing and commercial centre of the first importance and to bring upon it
5429-408: The name derived from its Old English meaning of paved way to a ford . The ford originally lay on a pre- Roman trackway at Old Ford about 600 metres (0.4 mi) to the north, but when the Romans decided on Colchester as the initial capital for their occupation, the road was upgraded to run from the area of London Bridge , as one of the first paved Roman roads in Britain . The 'paved way'
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#17327875459705518-428: The north of Stratford. At its peak, the works employed over 2,500, many of whom had homes, along with other railway workers, in the town that developed nearby. It was originally called Hudson Town, after George Hudson , the "Railway King", but after his involvement in bribery and fraud was revealed in 1849, the settlement quickly became better known as Stratford New Town , which by 1862 had a population of 20,000. During
5607-434: The northwest boundary of the modern London Borough of Newham . In this way the River Lea and the complex network of the Bow Back Rivers mark the western limits of the area, which also extends north as far as the boundary of the London Borough of Waltham Forest . Most of Stratford is in the E15 postal area, however the Royal Mail has given the new E20 postcode to the Olympic Park and Stratford City developments; this
5696-444: The old vestry hall for neighbouring Bromley-by-Bow (St Leonard's Parish), can be seen on the south side of the Bow Road boundary, near the DLR station. It continues in use for registrations of births and marriages. In 1986 the Greater London Council transferred responsibility for the park to the London borough of Tower Hamlets and the London Borough of Hackney , through a joint management board. Since 1994 Tower Hamlets has run
5785-429: The old site off Fairfield Road to a new site in Bromley-by-Bow 1 mile to the south-east by Bow Locks , in a new building designed by van Heyningen and Haward Architects . In 2014 local residents organized the first Roman Road Festival, a celebration of local life, business, and art. This grew to encompass dozens of events and hundreds of volunteers and led to the creation of the Roman Road Trust. In 2015, Roman Road
5874-423: The park alone. Between 1986 and 1992 the name Bow applied to one of seven neighbourhoods to whom power was devolved from the council. This resulted in replacement of much of the street signage. Bow West and Bow East are two wards formed in 2002 that incorporate Old Ford and parts of Bethnal Green and Mile End. In 1991, St Paul's, Old Ford was closed due to poor maintenance and safety concerns. This led to
5963-417: The park have been built on, replaced by cultural and commercial premises, as well as new housing. Stratford Park on West Ham Lane was laid out, in stages, by the County Borough of West Ham between 1899 and 1912. It was originally called West Ham Recreation Ground and is still known to many as West Ham Rec . The name was changed in 1999 to avoid confusion with nearby West Ham Park . In 1892–93, before
6052-403: The park in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets , the London Borough of Hackney and the London Borough of Waltham Forest . The park was prepared as the main venue of the 2012 Summer Olympics and permanently opened to the public in 2014. As part of the games and its legacy, the park included a number of sporting venues as well as extensive open spaces. Since the games many of the open parts of
6141-426: The project in the East End was withdrawn. Sylvia refocused her efforts from Bow, and with the outbreak of World War I began a nursery, clinic and cost price canteen for the poor at the bakery. A paper, the Women's Dreadnought , was published to bring her campaign to a wider audience. At the close of war, the Representation of the People (Amendment) Act 1918 gave limited voting rights to property-owning women over
6230-410: The richest citizens, such as either are able to keep two houses, one in the country, and one in the city; or for such citizens as being rich, and having left off trade, live altogether in these neighbouring villages, for the pleasure and health of the latter part of their days". An early industrial undertaking at Stratford was the Bow porcelain factory , which despite the name, was on the Essex side of
6319-422: The route across the Lea. In 1967 that bridge was replaced by a new modern bridge by the Greater London Council who also installed a two-lane flyover above it (designed by Andrei Tchernavin, son of Gulag escapee Vladimir V. Tchernavin ) spanning the Blackwall Tunnel approach road, the traffic interchange, the River Lea and some of the Bow Back Rivers . This has since been expanded to a four-lane road. Bow
6408-418: The snuff-box way, japanning, fan-painting, &c., may have an opportunity of trial, wherein if they succeed, they shall have due encouragement. N.B. At the same house, a person is wanted who can model small figures in clay neatly. The Bow China Works prospered, employing some 300 artists and hands, until about 1770, when one of its founders died. By 1776 all of its moulds and implements were transferred to
6497-452: The south is a separate district. These distinctions have their roots in historic parish boundaries. Bow underwent extensive urban regeneration including the replacement or improvement of council homes, with the impetus given by the staging of the 2012 Olympic Games at nearby Stratford. Bow formed a part of the medieval parish of Stepney until becoming an independent parish in 1719. The parish vestry then undertook this responsibility until
6586-427: The two distinct settlements, including Stratford-le-Bow. The settlement to the east of the Lea was also known as Estratford (recorded in 1291), referring to the location east of the other Stratford, Statford Hamme (recorded in 1312) alluding to the location within the parish of West Ham, Abbei Stratford , referring to the presence of Stratford Langthorne Abbey , and Stretford Langthorne (recorded in 1366) after
6675-541: Was a top three finalist within the London category of for that year's Great British High Street awards. Cycle Superhighway 2 was upgraded between Bow and Aldgate and was completed in April 2016, with separated cycle tracks replacing cycle lanes along the majority of the route. A street party was held on Roman Road to mark the Queen Official Birthday on 11 June 2016, all profits from the stalls sales being shared with Bow Foodbank. An orchard project
6764-461: Was a young or mid-summer goose, and a slang term for a cuckold or a 'low' woman. In 1630, John Taylor , a poet, wrote At Bow, the Thursday after Pentecost, There is a fair of green geese ready rost, Where, as a goose is ever dog-cheap there, The sauce is over somewhat sharp and deare , taking advantage of the double entendre and continuing with other verses describing the drunken rowdy behaviour of
6853-528: Was an isolated hamlet by the early 14th century, some distance from its parish church of St Dunstan's, Stepney . In 1311 permission was granted to build St Mary's Church, Bow as a chapel of ease to allow the residents a more local and convenient place of worship. The land was granted by Edward III , on an 'island site' surrounded by the King's highway. Bow was made an Anglican parish of its own in 1719, with St Mary's as its parish church. The new parish included
6942-502: Was built for the Metropolitan Borough of Poplar (which was formed from Poplar , Bow and Bromley-by Bow) in the mid-1930s at the corner of Bow Road and Fairfield Road; it is now used as commercial offices. It contains the Poplar Assembly Rooms , now no longer used. The Builders , by sculptor David Evans is a frieze on the face of the building, unveiled by George Lansbury , MP for Bow and Bromley , on 10 December 1938:
7031-461: Was built, beginning efforts to guide the area through the process of transformation from a working-class industrial and transport hub to a retail and leisure destination for the contemporary age. These efforts continued with the Olympic bid for Stratford, and the ongoing urban regeneration work going on there. Stratford began as a hamlet in the northwest part of the ancient parish of West Ham , as
7120-671: Was created on Grove Road, being completed on 25 October 1993 and demolished eleven weeks later on 11 January 1994. The work won her the Turner Prize and K Foundation art award in November 1993. Bow Arts was set up in 1994 by Marcel Baettig and Marc Schimmel, the owner of the then new premises. It became an artist studio supporting over 100 working artists. In 1995, the Trust became a registered arts and education charity. In 1996, after an Arts Council England grant, they were able to build
7209-524: Was mentioned in the popular Tudor (or earlier) ballad, the Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green . In the ballad, the beautiful Bess, daughter of the blind beggar, leaves Bethnal Green to find a husband, follows the main road to Bow and then proceeds to Romford , where she finds many suitors. Fairfield Road commemorates the Green Goose fair, held there on the Thursday after Pentecost . A Green Goose
7298-643: Was moved on to the East Anglia Railway Museum at Chappel and Wakes Colne railway station near Colchester ; there it was cleaned and repainted at the expense of the Olympic Delivery Authority and returned to Stratford in 2011. A 114-metre-tall (374 ft) sculpture and observation tower in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. It is Britain's largest piece of public art and is intended to be
7387-608: Was previously only used by the BBC TV soap EastEnders for its fictional East London setting of Walford . The name "Walford" is a portmanteau of the names of nearby Walthamstow and Stratford itself. Stratford was one of three ancient wards in the large ancient parish of West Ham , in the Becontree hundred of Essex . It came within the Metropolitan Police District in 1840. Despite forming part of
7476-524: Was repaired and upgraded many times over the centuries until eventually demolished and replaced in the 19th century. In 1135 the Cistercian Order founded Stratford Langthorne Abbey , also known as West Ham Abbey. This became one of the largest and most wealthy monasteries in England, owning 1,500 acres (610 hectares) in the immediate area and 20 manors throughout Essex. The Abbey lay between
7565-499: Was replaced after it was shut and turned into Grove Hall Park was opened in 1909 following its purchase by the local authority in an auction in 1906. In 1878 it was the largest asylum in London with capacity for 443 inmates. In 1843 the engineer William Bridges Adams founded the Fairfield Locomotive Works, where he specialized in light engines, steam railcars (or railmotors) and inspection trolleys, including
7654-441: Was the principal venue. The Westfield Stratford City shopping centre, one of the largest urban shopping centres in Europe, opened in 2011. Stratford is east London's primary retail, cultural and leisure centre, and has also become the second most significant business location in east London after Canary Wharf . Stratford's early significance was due to a Roman road (later known as the Great Essex Road ) running from Aldgate in
7743-480: Was twice Mayor of Poplar and MP for Bromley and Bow . In 1921, he led the Poplar Rates Rebellion . His daughter-in-law, Minnie Lansbury, was one of the 30 Poplar councillors sent to prison, and died six weeks after leaving prison. A memorial clock to her is over a row of shops on Bow Road, near the junction with Alfred Street. Ownership of Bow Road railway station passed from British Rail to
7832-454: Was used to portray a lunatic asylum in the 2005 film Batman Begins and is a Grade II* listed building. The Church of England parish church of Stratford is the 1830s church called St John's on Stratford Broadway, a major thoroughfare, and The Grove and is part of Diocese of Chelmsford , itself part of the Province of Canterbury . It is a Grade II listed building . In its churchyard
7921-445: Was widened in 1741 and tolls were levied to defray the expense, but litigation over maintenance lasted until 1834, when the bridge needed to be rebuilt and landowners agreed to pay half of the cost, with Essex and Middlesex sharing the other. The bridge was again replaced in 1834, by the Middlesex and Essex Turnpike Trust , and in 1866 West Ham took responsibility for its upkeep and that of the causeway and smaller bridges that continued
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