Misplaced Pages

#745254

29-749: The refinery was founded in 1975 as the Midia Năvodari Petrochemical Factory on a 480 ha (52,000,000 sq ft) plot of land located in Năvodari , Constanța County . The design and construction of the complex took two years and was based on Romanian technology and foreign licenses. Its launch was spurred by the 1973 oil crisis , following which Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceaușescu met with Mohammad Reza Pahlavi of Iran. The two agreed that Iran would become Romania’s supplier of crude oil, while Romania would send arms and security specialists. The arrangement involving cheap oil soon ended with

58-585: Is a county ( județ ) of Romania on the border with Bulgaria, in the Dobruja region. Its capital city is also named Constanța . In 2021, it had a population of 655,997 and the population density was 92/km . The degree of urbanization is much higher (about 75%) than the Romanian average. In recent years the population trend is: The majority of the population are Orthodox Romanians . There are important communities of Muslim Turks and Tatars , remnants of

87-763: Is the largest port in Romania, the most important of the Black Sea and the 4th in Europe. It is linked with the Danube by the Danube-Black Sea Canal – the widest and deepest navigable channel in Europe, although it is not used to its full potential. The Romanian Riviera along the coast of the Black Sea is the preferred destination for the summer holidays in Romania. The resorts are, from North to South: Also worth visiting are: As of 27 September 2020,

116-754: Is the only Romanian refinery located on the Black Sea shore, thus having the advantage of being supplied directly through the Midia oil terminal located in the Port of Midia capable of receiving oil tankers up to 24,000  DWT or the 40 km (25 mi) pipeline starting in the Port of Constanța . The refinery has an annual processing capacity of 4.8 million tonnes/year, or 100,000 bbl/d (16,000 m/d), and storage facilities for up to 400,000 m of oil. Constan%C8%9Ba County Constanța ( Romanian pronunciation: [konˈstantsa] )

145-654: The Iranian Revolution , forcing Romania to seek unsatisfactory deals with African countries. In 1991 the Midia Năvodari Petrochemical Factory was transformed into a joint stock company and the name was changed to SC Petromidia SA. Between 1997 and 2000 the state tried to privatise the company several times. The first procedure was undertaken in 1997 and negotiations were held with a consortium made by South Korean Daewoo , Swiss company Glencore , and Petromidia USA (local representative of

174-625: The Monarch . The ținuturi represented another layer of administration between counties and the country, as the county borders were not erased. Due to the territorial changes during World War II, this style of administration did not last, and the administration at the județ level was reintroduced after the war. Between 1941 and 1944, Romania administered the territory between the Dniester and Southern Bug rivers known as Transnistria , which consisted of 13 separate counties. After taking over

203-558: The NUTS-3 geocode statistical subdivision scheme of Romania within the European Union . Each of the counties is further divided into cities (some of which have municipality status) and communes . The prefect and his administration have executive prerogatives within the county limits, while limited legislative powers are assigned to a County Council elected every four years during local elections. The territorial districts of

232-519: The Romanian Old Kingdom . County borders were kept largely intact, with few adjustments, and the total number of counties was raised to 71; this lasted until the beginning of World War II . In 1938, King Carol II modified the law on the administration of the Romanian territory according to the fascist model. Ten ținuturi (approx. translation "lands") were created, ruled by Rezidenți Regali (Royal Residents), appointed directly by

261-642: The Windmill company). Between July 1998 and January 1999 a new round of negotiations were finalised and the Turkish company Akmaya was chosen as a strategic investor, offering a per share price of US$ 10.1. On November 1, 2000, the Romanian Property Fund ( Romanian : Fondul Proprietății de Stat ) sold a stake of 69,991% of the complex to Rompetrol Group BV Rotterdam at a price of US$ 50.517 million, equivalent to US$ 2 per share. The value of

290-512: The union of Wallachia and the rump of Moldavia , the administrative division was modernized using the French administrative system as a model, with județ as the basic administrative unit. Aside from the 1950–1968 period, this system has remained in place until today. Since 1864, for each județ there exists a prefect , a subordinate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and representative of

319-598: The 1938 Administrative and Constitutional Reform, this county merged with the counties of Ialomița, Durostor and Caliacra to form Ținutul Mării . It was re-established in 1940 after the fall of Carol II 's regime. Ten years later, it was abolished by the Communist regime . According to the census data of 1930, the county's population was 253,093 inhabitants, of which 66.2% were Romanians, 8.9% Bulgarians, 6.8% Turks, 6.0% Tatars, 3.8% Germans, 1.8% Greeks, 1.5% Russians, 1.3% Armenians, as well as other minorities. In religion,

SECTION 10

#1732801535746

348-557: The administration of the country in 1945, the Communist Party changed the administrative model to that of the Soviet Union ( regions and raions ) in 1950, but changed it back in 1968. Nevertheless, the county borders set then were quite different from those present during the interbellum , as only 39 counties were formed from the 56 remaining after the war. In 1981, Giurgiu and Călărași were split from Ialomița and

377-560: The country 's NUTS-3 ( Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics – Level 3) statistical subdivisions within the European Union and each of them serves as the local level of government within its borders. Most counties are named after a major river , while some are named after notable cities within them, such as the county seat. The earliest organization into județe of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia (where they were termed ținuturi ) dates back to at least

406-542: The county with the largest irrigation systems in the country (more than 4,300 km before 1989, now greatly reduced), cereals being the most important products. Also, the county is famous for its wines from the Murfatlar region. At Cernavodă there is a nuclear power plant with two reactors , each of the CANDU type of Canadian design. The plant covers over 15% of the country's power demand. The Port of Constanța

435-465: The elected President of the County Council is Mihai Lupu from PNL. In addition, in the wake of the 2020 Romanian local elections , the current Constanța County Council consists of 36 counsellors, with the following party composition: Constanța County has 3 municipalities, 9 towns and 58 communes: Following the 1926 administrative reform, the borders of the historical county are identical to

464-437: The former county of Ilfov, while in 1997, Ilfov County , which had been a dependency of the municipality of Bucharest for nearly two decades, was reinstated. The county borders set in 1968 are still largely in place today, but the functions of different authorities have changed due to administrative reforms in the 1990s. At present, Romania is divided into 41 counties and one municipality (Bucharest); these are assigned as

493-443: The government inside the county; he is also the head of local administration for areas not delegated to local authorities. Until 1948, each județ was further divided into several plăși , each administered by a pretor . After the adoption of a new Constitution in 1923, the traditional local administrative systems of the newly acquired regions of Transylvania , Bukovina and Bessarabia were made uniform in 1925 with that of

522-431: The largest and Ilfov County (1,583 square kilometres (611 sq mi)) the smallest. The municipality of Bucharest, which has the same administrative level as that of a county, is both more populous and much smaller than any county, with 1,716,983 people and 228 square kilometres (88 sq mi). The earliest organization into județe (for Wallachia ), and ținuturi (for Moldavia ), dates back at least to

551-489: The last of which was in 1997. According to the 2021 census data from the National Institute of Statistics , the average population of Romania's 41 counties is about 423,000, with Iași County as the most populous (760,000) and Tulcea County (193,000) the least. The average county's land area is 5,809 square kilometres (2,243 sq mi), with Timiș County (8,697 square kilometres (3,358 sq mi))

580-411: The late 14th century. Inspired from the organization of the late Byzantine Empire , each județ was ruled by a jude (or pârcălab for a ținut ), a person officially appointed with administrative and judicial functions. Transylvania was divided into royal counties headed by comes (royal counts) with administrative and judicial functions. After modern Romania was formed in 1859 through

609-504: The late 14th century. For most of the time since modern Romania was formed in 1859 , the administrative division system has been similar to that of the French departments . The system has since changed several times and the number of counties has varied over time, from the 71 județe that existed before World War II to only 39 after 1968. The current format has largely been in place since 1968 as only small changes have been made since then,

SECTION 20

#1732801535746

638-459: The north, Ialomița to the west, Durostor to the south-west and Caliacra to the south. The county originally consisted of four districts ( plăși ): Subsequently, the territory of the county was reorganized into seven districts: On the territory of Constanta County there were seven urban localities: Constanţa (with city status) and the urban communes of Carmen-Sylva, Techirghiol , Mangalia , Medgidia , Cernavodă and Hârșova . After

667-643: The ones of the current Constanța County, with the exception of the Ostrov and Lipnița communes, which were then administered by the Durostor County , the Baia commune, now part of Tulcea County , and the villages of Tereskondu , Pârâul Caprei , Fundeni , Pădureni , Saldu Alde and Enigea-Haidar , now in Bulgaria. The county neighboured the Black Sea to the east, the counties of Tulcea and Brăila to

696-552: The population consisted of 78.9% Eastern Orthodox, 13.1% Islam, 2.5% Lutheran, 1.8% Roman Catholics, as well as other minorities. In 1930, the urban population of the county was 81,631 inhabitants, 68.7% Romanians, 7.3% Turks, 5.2% Greeks, 3.9% Armenians, 2.5% Germans, 2.2% Jews, 2.0% Tatars, 2.0% Bulgarians, 1.7% Russians, 1.7% Hungarians, as well as other minorities. Among the urban population, mother tongues were reported to be Romanian (72.0%), Turkish (9.7%), Greek (4.5%), Armenian (3.6%), German (2.4%), as well as other minorities. From

725-445: The religious point of view, the urban population was composed mostly of Eastern Orthodox (78.4%), followed by Muslim (9.6%), Armenian Apostolic (3.3%), Roman Catholic (2.7%), Jewish (2.3%), Lutheran (1.6%), as well as other minorities. Counties of Romania A total of 41 counties ( Romanian : județe ), along with the municipality of Bucharest , constitute the official administrative divisions of Romania . They represent

754-693: The symbol RRC . Soon it became one of the most important listed companies and in December 2004 it was included in the BET 10 index. In 2003 the refinery was named Refinery of the Year in Central and Eastern Europe by the World Refining Association . On 2 July 2021, the refinery suffered an explosion which killed one person and left five others injured. Some 50 firefighters were deployed on

783-463: The time of Ottoman rule. Currently the region is the centre of the Muslim minority in Romania . A great number of Aromanians have migrated to Dobruja in the last century, and they consider themselves a cultural minority rather than an ethnic minority. There are also Romani . The predominant industries in the county are: Agriculture is an important part in the county's economy, with Constanța being

812-479: The transaction was US$ 615 million, of which US$ 225 million was for modernisation works and other investments and US$ 340 million was for various debts (US$ 169 million for debts to the state and US$ 171 million to banks and other creditors) . Rompetrol also changed the name of the refinery to Rompetrol Rafinare . In April 2004 Rompetrol Rafinare was listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange under

841-454: The zone following the incident. The explosion happened at about 15 kilometres (9.3 miles) from one of Romania's most popular tourist resorts, Mamaia , located on the Black Sea . However, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Romania said the city of Năvodari was not in danger but advised its inhabitants to keep their windows closed and announced that some of the smoke that was reaching the coast did so on beaches with not much people. Petromidia

#745254