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24-584: Peeples Valley ( Yavapai : Wachinivo ) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Yavapai County , Arizona , United States. The population was 374 at the 2000 census . Peeples Valley is named for prospector A. H. Peeples, who was the leader of the group that discovered Rich Hill , a gold deposit at Weaver, Arizona , in 1863. Peeples Valley is located at 34°16′42″N 112°45′27″W  /  34.27833°N 112.75750°W  / 34.27833; -112.75750 (34.278307, -112.757573). According to

48-827: A dictionary and grammar for Tolkepaya. Mohave language Mohave or Mojave is the native language of the Mohave people along the Colorado River in northwestern Arizona , southeastern California , and southwestern Nevada . Approximately 70% of the speakers reside in Arizona, while approximately 30% reside in California. It belongs to the River branch of the Yuman language family, together with Quechan and Maricopa . The Mojave language became endangered during

72-579: A sentence because any noun phrase complement of a verb can be omitted as context determines. Moreover, word order is essential with utterances that contain a direct and an indirect object, in which both are unmarked by a morpheme. The basic form of such utterances is that the indirect object comes before the direct object. For example, here are tables in a three-line gloss of two sentences with captioned differences: hatčoq dog ʔavi:-m rock-with ʔ-əta:v-k 1SG . SUBJ -hit-tense hatčoq ʔavi:-m ʔ-əta:v-k dog rock-with 1SG.SUBJ-hit-tense I hit

96-453: A word in Mojave consists of a single vowel. Consonants can be added both prior to and following the vowel. Both derivational and inflectional morphemes are created by the addition of mostly prefixes, along with potential suffixes. Tenses in Mojave are split up into present/past and future. The past and present tense are marked by the usage of -k, -m, and -pc^. The future tense is marked by

120-637: Is reduced to two lengths in unstressed syllables. There are two tones on stressed syllables, high level and falling, which are neutralized to mid on unstressed syllables. Unlike in Havasupai and Hualapai, postaspirated stops cannot appear in word-initial position (Shaterian 1983:215). Yavapai is a subject-verb-object language. Some sample words given in Yavapai translation: There have been recordings of Yavapai (as well as other Yuman languages) done in 1974, relating to phonology, syntax, and grammar. This

144-526: Is similar to that between Mohave and Maricopa (Biggs 1957). Warren Gazzam, a Tolkapaya speaker, reported that "you know they (Hualapais) speak the same language as we do, some words or accents are a little different". Due to extensive cultural interchange, many Yavapai were once bilingual in Apache , and some Apache were bilingual in Yavapai. Yavapai consonant phonemes are shown below. Vowels occur short, mid and long in stressed syllables. The contrast

168-579: The Meriam Report conclude off reservation Indian school a failure. All claims and examples in this section come from Munro (1974) unless otherwise noted. Mojave phonology is similar to that of Maricopa. One difference is that in the 19th century Mohave speakers shifted the sounds [s] and [ʂ] (similar to sh as in "shack") to [θ] (th as in "thick") and [s], respectively. The retroflex phonemes /ɳ/ and /ʈ/ only occur in very few words. Mohave has five vowel qualities, with length distinction and

192-873: The United States Census Bureau , the CDP has a total area of 15.0 square miles (39 km), all land. A post office in Peeples Valley opened circa 1927, and moved to Yarnell Heights in 1929 while retaining its name. It is in the Yarnell Elementary School District , which operates Model Creek School. After the 8th grade, students move on to Prescott High School of the Prescott Unified School District . Previously students could choose between that school and Wickenburg High School of

216-797: The Wickenburg Unified School District , but in order to reduce taxes, the district board removed the Wickenburg option in November 2018. For a period of time the Peeples Valley School District sent students to the Yarnell district, as the former did not operate any schools. On July 1, 1980, the Yarnell district absorbed the Peeples Valley district. As of the census of 2000, there were 374 people, 176 households, and 127 families residing in

240-422: The manifest destiny movement of the 19th century when Mohave and other Native American children were taken away from their parents and tribes to be placed in boarding schools, where they were prohibited from speaking their language. The schools went so far as to prohibit students from speaking their native tongue even with their parents when they occasionally visited home; many parents did not speak English. At

264-522: The CDP was $ 15,353. About 7.0% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the poverty line , including none of those under age 18 and 14.4% of those age 65 or over. Yavapai language Yavapai was once spoken across much of north-central and western Arizona, but is now mostly spoken on the Yavapai reservations at Fort McDowell , the Verde Valley and Prescott . The rate of mutual comprehension between Yavapai and Havasupai–Hualapai

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288-478: The CDP. The population density was 24.9 inhabitants per square mile (9.6/km). There were 230 housing units at an average density of 15.3 per square mile (5.9/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 91.4% White , 1.1% Black or African American , 1.1% Native American , 0.3% Asian , 2.7% from other races , and 3.5% from two or more races. 5.4% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 176 households, out of which 14.2% had children under

312-420: The age of 18 living with them, 64.2% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.3% were non-families. 22.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.42. In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 14.4% under

336-461: The age of 18, 2.4% from 18 to 24, 17.6% from 25 to 44, 31.8% from 45 to 64, and 33.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 57 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.5 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $ 24,861, and the median income for a family was $ 34,107. Males had a median income of $ 41,250 versus $ 18,750 for females. The per capita income for

360-599: The anthology of poetry in Yuman languages edited by Hualapai linguist Lucille Watahomigie . Yavapai stories also appear in Spirit Mountain: An Anthology of Yuman Story and Song . Both works are accompanied by English translations, and the poems in Gigyayk Vo'jka also feature a morphological analysis. Alan Shaterian has published a dictionary of Northeastern Yavapai. Pamela Munro is working on

384-481: The burden of civilization yet encompassed by their baser instincts. As a means to lessen the altercation with the indigenous people of the west, the United States government began American Indian boarding schools . The purpose of these schools was to assimilate Native American children from the ages of 10 to 18 into European American culture, thus weakening their native culture and making them more compliant with

408-415: The dog with a rock Jim-č Jim- SUBJ havik sibling kʷikʷay cow θinʸaʔa:k female sukam-m sell- TNS Jim-č havik kʷikʷay θinʸaʔa:k sukam-m Jim-SUBJ sibling cow female sell-TNS Jim sold his brother a cow To negate in Mojave one would need to use one of the three apparent devices or methods. That is with the suffix -mot- which precedes a tense marker in lexical verbs, with

432-485: The governments territorial expansion. This was accomplished by shearing their hair, replacing their native dress, teaching them English, Math, History, and giving them vocational skills. The Mojave tribe were no exception. In 1890 Fort Mojave was opened by the Thomas J. Morgan, The Commissioner of Indian Affairs, as an Indian school to serve children from the Mojave and Hualapai tribes. The school remained open until 1931 after

456-420: The lack of any such marker. First person subjects are expressed through the usage of ?- while n^j represents first person arguments. 2nd person subjects and arguments are denoted by m- and 3rd is hallmarked by the lack of either of the two. Verbs are typically denoted via the addition of the suffixes -k and -m. For the word order in the Mojave language, noun phrases containing the subject occur first with

480-706: The negative verb kava:r which is used on its own and literally means in English "to not", or with the suffix -poʔa:ve (the other variant is -poʔa:və) which is at times used with utterances that contain indefinite pronouns. As of 2012, the Center for Indian Education at Arizona State University "has facilitated workshops for both learners and speakers at the Fort Mojave Indian Reservation in northwest Arizona, California and Nevada. Fort Mojave has about 22 elders who speak some Mojave." The project

504-513: The turn of the 19th century the United States began expanding further west, and as it expanded settlers began encountering more Native Americans. Many of these interactions resulted in violence and death as the settlers viewed the indigenous people as nuisances to their expansion westward. It is also at this time that the concept of unilinear evolution was prevalent within the social sciences and society in general, because of this native peoples were thought of as lesser beings or "Noble Savages" free from

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528-460: The verb occurring last in sentences with additional non-subject nouns, i.e. the object of a sentence, occurring between the subject and the verb. Also, the subject of a sentence is typically marked with the morpheme {-č}.Thereby, the Mojave language can be described as a subject-object-verb, SOV, language. Even with that SOV description, however, there are instances in which there aren't more than one or two specified, marked, or described noun phrases in

552-468: The weak vowel /ə/. Hubert McCord, one of the four tribal leaders of the Mojave tribe, is fluent in the Mojave language. McCord has worked with poet Natalie Diaz, see revitalization below, documenting Mojave stories and songs. A video with audio of the language contains tribal elder McCord singing as he took some of the tribe's youth on a short voyage around the Colorado river . The basic structure of

576-475: Was meant to understand the three topics better and to hear them. There is an effort to revitalize the language. There is a Yavapai language program for adults to learn the language and pass on to future generations. There have been attempts to save the language in the Yavapai community. Poetry and stories have been published in Yavapai on several occasions. Yavapai poems are featured in Gigyayk Vo'jka ,

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