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61-675: Interested in creating an honor society at State Teachers College at Warrensburg (now the University of Central Missouri ), professors Dr. Eldo L. Hendricks, Dr. Claude A. Phillips, and Dr. Clarence H. McClure contacted Phi Beta Kappa . Phi Beta Kappa policy stated that chapters could only be established on campuses of qualified liberal arts colleges and universities; the State Teachers College at Warrensburg did not meet this requirement. They also contacted Omicron Delta Kappa and nationally known social fraternities which all had

122-446: A humid subtropical climate ( Cfa ) if the −3 °C (27 °F) isotherm is used. The hottest recorded temperature in the city was 107 °F (42 °C) on August 7, 1918, while the coldest recorded temperature was −16 °F (−27 °C) on January 22, 1984. On average, the city receives 42 inches of precipitation a year. September is the wettest month of the year and February the driest. The snowiest winter on record for Lancaster

183-471: A 1737 structure on a different site . The first long-distance paved road in the United States was the former Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike , which connected the cities of Lancaster and Philadelphia. Opened in 1795, the turnpike was paved with stone the whole way, and overlaid with gravel. The sixty-two-mile turnpike cost more than $ 450,000, a staggering sum for the time. The route followed what

244-407: A bowling alley and movie theater in the student union. Freshman and sophomore students are required to live in one of the 9 residence halls their first year to help ease the adjustment from high school to college. Students can also choose to live in one of ten Learning Communities, which places students with the same program of study together in the residence halls. The University of Central Missouri

305-470: A female householder with no husband present, and 41.9% were non-families. 33.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.23. In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.5% under the age of 18, 13.9% from 18 to 24, 30.5% from 25 to 44, 17.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

366-684: A manufacturer of vacuum tube products. Burle completed a voluntary clean-up under the Pennsylvania Land Recycling Program. In addition to Lancaster's boutiques, vintage shops, and art galleries ( Gallery Row ), Park City Center is the largest enclosed shopping center in South Central Pennsylvania . The mall includes more than 150 stores and is anchored by Boscov's , JCPenney , and Kohl's . Park City opened in September 1971. Built in 1889,

427-619: A population of 58,039 at the 2020 census , it is the tenth-most populous city in the state. It is a core city within South Central Pennsylvania , with 552,984 residents in the Lancaster metropolitan area . Settled in the 1720s, Lancaster is one of the oldest inland cities in the US. It served as the capital of Pennsylvania from 1799 to 1812. The city's primary industries include healthcare, tourism, public administration, manufacturing, and both professional and semi-professional services. Lancaster

488-828: A quarter of collegiate work. Chapters can raise this requirement but cannot lower it. Only a handful of new members are accepted each semester, meaning that the bid process is competitive and meeting the GPA requirement does not guarantee membership. Between 2007 and 2014, Phi Sigma Pi chapters raised $ 67,104.47 for the Teach For America National Philanthropy and sent 672 members and alumni to Teach for America regions and schools. In 2015, Hugh O'Brian Youth Leadership Foundation (HOBY) became Phi Sigma Pi's National Philanthropy. The fraternity offers several scholarships for its members, including The Richard Cecil Todd and Clauda Pennock Todd Tripod Scholarship,

549-463: A thriving art community. Gallery Row on the 100 block of North Prince St. features a block of art galleries, and the city proper has over 40 galleries and artists' studios. The galleries host a "First Friday" each month, extending their business hours to exhibit new artwork and new artists to the public. The Lancaster County Quilts and Textile Museum, completed in 2007, celebrates the art of the hand-sewn quilts and other textile items produced by women of

610-485: Is a public university in Warrensburg, Missouri , United States. In 2024, enrollment was 13,734 students from 48 states and 52 countries on its 1,561-acre campus. UCM offers 150 programs of study, including 10 pre-professional programs, 27 areas of teacher certification, and 37 graduate programs. The University was founded in 1871 as Normal School No. 2 and became known as Warrensburg Teachers College . The name

671-508: Is a hub of Pennsylvania Dutch Country , located 59 miles (95 km) southwest of Allentown and 61 miles (98 km) west of Philadelphia . Originally called Hickory Town, the city was renamed after the English city of Lancaster by native John Wright . Its symbol, the red rose , is from the House of Lancaster . Lancaster was part of the 1681 Penn's Woods Charter of William Penn , and

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732-598: Is headquartered in Lancaster, co-founded by Franklin & Marshall College in 1981. The Lancaster Stormers played their inaugural season in 2005, ending Lancaster's 44-year period without professional baseball since the demise of the Red Roses . Their main Atlantic League rival is the Revolution from nearby York . Lancaster is the hometown of Major League Baseball alumnus Tom Herr . He played for

793-906: Is home to 26 Greek organizations. Ten percent of UCM students are involved in Greek life. The UCM newspaper is called The Muleskinner; there is an online publication called digitalburg.com that covers the Johnson County area. These publications are entirely student-operated. The university also houses KMOS-TV . UCM athletic teams compete in the Mid–America Intercollegiate Athletics Association , or MIAA. The athletic division includes basketball , baseball , women's bowling , American football , golf , women's soccer , softball , cross-country , track , volleyball and wrestling . UCM's athletic teams are called Mules (men) and Jennies (women). UCM has two mascots, Mo

854-402: Is home to about 65 stores. The Shops at Rockvale contains over 100 stores and restaurants. According to Lancaster's 2018 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: Many of Lancaster's landmarks are significant in local, state, and national history. The city of Lancaster has art, craft and historical museums. The Demuth Museum is located in the former home of

915-516: Is located in the Piedmont region of Pennsylvania . According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 7.35 square miles (19.0 km ), of which, 7.23 square miles (18.7 km ) of it is land and 1.65% is water. Under the Köppen climate classification , Lancaster falls within either a hot-summer humid continental climate ( Dfa ) if the 0 °C (32 °F) isotherm is used or

976-514: Is nine hours and 19 minutes. The sun reaches its lowest point in the sky of 26° between December 11 and December 31. The longest days of the year are June 19 to June 23, reaching 15 hours and one minute. The sun reaches its highest point in the sky of 73° from June 10 to July 2. According to the 2020 United States census , Lancaster had a population of 58,039. Of which, 40.3% were Hispanic/Latino, 38.9% were non-Hispanic White, 12.6% were non-Hispanic Black, 3.8% were Asian, 4.4% mixed or other. As of

1037-497: Is now Pennsylvania Route 340 (also called the "Old Philadelphia Pike") from Lancaster to Thorndale and U.S. Route 30 Business and U.S. Route 30 from Thorndale to Philadelphia. The city of Lancaster was home to several important figures in American history. Wheatland , the estate of James Buchanan , the fifteenth President of the United States, is one of Lancaster's most popular attractions. Thaddeus Stevens , considered among

1098-551: Is one of the oldest working theaters in the United States. The Ware Center hosts live theater, concerts, and performances. Lancaster is home to Franklin & Marshall College and its various sports teams, including the Diplomats football team. The Diplomats play their home games at Shadek Stadium in Lancaster. Shadek Stadium was built in 2017 and surrounds Tom Gilburg Field. Aside from football, Shadek Stadium also hosts men's and women's lacrosse. The Centennial Conference

1159-535: Is the library of the University of Central Missouri. It was named for former Secretary of State, James C. Kirkpatrick , Secretary of State in Missouri from 1965 to 1985. There are over 480,000 circulating volumes. Lancaster, Pennsylvania Lancaster ( / ˈ l æ ŋ k ɪ s t ər / LANG -kih-stər ) is a city in and the county seat of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania , United States. With

1220-813: The American Revolutionary War , Lancaster became an iron-foundry center. Two of the most common products needed by pioneers to settle the Frontier were manufactured in Lancaster: the Conestoga wagon and the Pennsylvania long rifle . The Conestoga wagon was named after the Conestoga River , which runs through the city. The innovative gunsmith William Henry lived in Lancaster and was a U.S. Congressman and leader during and after

1281-590: The Continental Congress fled Philadelphia , which had been captured by the British. The revolutionary government then moved still farther away to York, Pennsylvania . Lancaster was the capital of Pennsylvania from 1799 to 1812, with the state capital located at the Court House (built 1784 and demolished 1852 and now site of Soldiers & Sailors Monument at Penn Square). In 1812, the capital

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1342-493: The F. W. Woolworth Company . Lancaster was one of the winning communities for the All-America City award in 2000. In 2009, a community organization installed and began monitoring 164 closed-circuit cameras in Lancaster, which engendered some local opposition. On October 13, 2011, Lancaster's City Council officially recognized September 27 as Capital Day, a holiday recognizing Lancaster's one day as capital of

1403-757: The Great Depression . In 1934, the Phi Sigma Pi began negotiating a merger with Kappa Phi Kappa , a larger educational fraternity. At the time, Phi Sigma Pi had 18 chapters and 500 members, and Kappa Phi Kappa had more than 40 chapters. In June 1934, the Northwestern Oklahoma State University chapter voted to join Kappa Phi Kappa. In late 1942, the remaining fifteen chapters went inactive because of World War II . Many schools had such low enrollments, that

1464-834: The Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search . The GIMPS project at UCM is a university-wide effort managed by Curtis Cooper and Steven Boone. As of 2022, UCM's team (curtisc) is currently the 10th place contributor to that project in terms of CPU power devoted to the project, and is the only GIMPS team that has discovered four Mersenne primes : M43 2 - 1 with 9,152,052 digits, M44 2 - 1 with 9,808,358 digits, M48 2 -1 with 17,425,170 digits, and M49 2 -1 with 22,338,618 digits. The university has more than 185 student organizations with academic, cultural, recreational, community service and special interest clubs and associations. There are also more than 20 intramural sports to compete in, free movie nights on campus and

1525-868: The Lancaster Central Market is the oldest continuously operated farmers market in the United States, and many tourists come to purchase the handmade Amish goods that are not commonly found elsewhere. Central Market is listed with the National Register of Historic Places , and its towers are of the Romanesque Revival style. The market underwent renovations beginning in July 2010. Lancaster also has two outlet shopping centers, both of which are located in East Lampeter Township on U.S. Route 30 . Tanger Outlets

1586-538: The Purple & Gold as the sole communication between the chapters and the national office. The fraternity was incorporated nationally in Illinois on April 25, 1949. Two of the fraternity's most dedicated national officers from this era were Joseph Torchia ( Sigma ) and Richard C. Todd ( Sigma ). Torchia was employed at his alma mater as an associate professor of education from 1946 to 1975. The Outstanding Chapter Award

1647-486: The Purple and Gold magazine for collegiate members and The Lampadion for alumni. The badge is a monogram of the letters ΦΣΠ linked diagonally. The Phi may be enhanced with pearls. The Centennial badge allowed for contrasting purple stones on the center stroke of the Phi. Distinguished service keys bearing the coat of arms are awarded to chapter presidents and secretaries who perform their duties faithfully and efficiently by

1708-1021: The St. Louis Cardinals for the majority of his career. He also played for the Minnesota Twins , Philadelphia Phillies , New York Mets , and the San Francisco Giants . Herr subsequently coached the Hempfield High School Black Knights baseball team for several years. He also managed the Lancaster Stormers in their first season. The Stormers have won the Atlantic League Championship three times: in 2006, 2014, and 2022. The Lancaster Bicycle Club hosts an annual Covered Bridge Metric Century bicycle race. In 2010, more than 2,500 riders participated. The city of Lancaster hosted

1769-412: The poverty line . 29.2% of those under the age of 18 and 12.9% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. Poverty in Lancaster is twice the state's average, and public school records list more than 900 children as homeless. Although there are many Amish people from this area, not everyone from Lancaster is Amish, contrary to popular belief. Since 2005, Lancaster's downtown has increased

1830-562: The 2010 census, the city was 55.2% White , 16.3% Black or African American , 0.7% Native American , 3.0% Asian , 0.1% Native Hawaiian , and 5.8% were two or more races. 39.3% of the population were of Hispanic or Latino ancestry. As of the census of 2000, there were 56,348 people, 20,933 households, and 12,162 families residing in the city. The population density was 7,616.5 people per square mile (2,940.7 people/km ). There were 23,024 housing units at an average density of 3,112.1 per square mile (1,201.6/km ). The racial makeup of

1891-604: The American Revolution. In 1803, Meriwether Lewis visited Lancaster to be educated in survey methods by the well-known surveyor Andrew Ellicott . During his visit, Lewis learned to plot latitude and longitude as part of his overall training needed to lead the Lewis and Clark Expedition . In 1879, Franklin Winfield Woolworth opened his first successful five and dime store in the city of Lancaster,

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1952-478: The Council on Social Work Education. Departments include: College of Education departments include: College of Health, Science, and Technology The Honors College: Benefits of being an Honors College student include, but are not limited to, early enrollment, one-on-one advising, smaller classes, Honors-only courses and colloquia. The University of Central Missouri continues to hold an important role in

2013-479: The Grand Chapter. The fraternity's colors are purple and gold. The fraternity has more than 140 chapters located across the United States. Phi Sigma Pi became co-educational in 1977. Phi Sigma Pi membership is open to students at four-year collegiate institutions who have earned a 3.0 cumulative grade point average (on a 4.00 scale, where 4.00 is equivalent to a grade of "A") for at least one semester or

2074-687: The Missouri Innovation Campus in Lee's Summit, Missouri and provides numerous online courses and programs. The university is considered a Center for Academic Excellence in Cyber Defense. College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences departments include: Harmon College of Business and Professional Studies: The Harmon College of Business and Professional Studies is accredited by AACSB International . Other accreditations include Aviation Accreditation Board International and

2135-691: The Mule and live mules named Tammy and Molly. Basketball games are played in the UCM Multipurpose Building , renamed in February 2024 for longtime athletic director Jerry Hughes as the Jerry M. Hughes Athletics Center. Built in 1976, The Multi , as it is known to students and alumni, has a seating capacity of 6,500 for basketball and volleyball games. Football games are played on Vernon Kennedy Field at Audrey J. Walton Stadium . The stadium

2196-543: The Rolla F. Wood Graduate Scholarship, and the Lloyd G. Balfour Fellowship. The fraternity has several alumni chapters, including Baltimore Metro Area, Capital, Delaware Valley, Middle Tennessee, New York Metro Area, and Southern Appalachian. There are also three alumni associations, including Detroit Area, Greater Boston, and Pittsburgh Area. University of Central Missouri The University of Central Missouri ( UCM )

2257-566: The Tom Bamford Lancaster Classic , an international, professional bicycle racing event held each June since 1992. It was part of the 2006–2007 UCI America Tour and the 2007 USA Cycling Professional Tour . Professional golf is well represented by the Professional Golf Association 's Jim Furyk . He placed 4th in the 1998 and 2003 Masters tournament, won the 2003 U.S. Open, placed fourth in

2318-562: The Tripod: scholarship, leadership and fellowship: The Alpha chapter inducted twelve new members the next year and continued to grow. In 1921 the fraternity became national adding the Beta chapter at Northeast Missouri State University and the Gamma chapter at Bradley University . Other chapters were added during the 1920s and early 1930s. Several chapters closed throughout the 1930s during

2379-607: The United States in 1777. Lancaster receives 20 times more refugees per capita than the rest of the United States, leading it to be dubbed "America's refugee capital" in 2015. Between 2005 and 2019, nearly 5,000 refugees were resettled in Lancaster. Lancaster announced its designation as a Certified Welcoming City in 2019. Nobel laureate Malala Yousafzai visited Lancaster in 2017 to honor its commitment to refugees, an experience she detailed in her book We Are Displaced . Lancaster City Council voted to end cooperation with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement in 2024. Lancaster

2440-514: The assistance of Henry W. Olsen ( Rho ); Leroy G. Pulver (Pi ); Perry McCandless ( Alpha ); and Abram Foster (Sigma), Todd, and Torchia led the fraternity to the realization that while the fraternity was stable, stagnation was setting in. At the October 1, 1966 Grand Chapter Convention in Washington D.C., president Abram Foster said, "We have remained stagnant and this is not good. We are losing

2501-412: The city was 61.55% White , 14.09% African American , 0.44% Native American , 2.46% Asian , 0.08% Pacific Islander , 17.44% from other races , and 3.94% from two or more races. 30.76% of the population were Hispanic or Latino people of any race. The largest ethnic groups in Lancaster as of recent estimates are: In 2010, 29.2% of Lancaster residents were of Puerto Rican ancestry. The city has

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2562-843: The exhibits of the Louise Arnold Tanger Arboretum and the North Museum of Nature and Science . The National Watch & Clock Museum, founded in 1977, has the largest collection of clocks and watches in North America. Stevens and Smith Historic Site is located within the Vine Street lobby of the Lancaster County Convention Center . The site includes the preserved home of U.S. Senator Thaddeus Stevens and his companion Lydia Hamilton Smith . The underground portion of

2623-452: The fraternity through two decades were ready to retire. By 1954, Clair B. Wilson, James M. McCallister ( Alpha ), James K. Stoner, and long-time regional director Simon S. Shearer ( Omicron ) were gone. Death claimed Beecher Flanagan in 1950 and Sanders P. McComsey ( Sigma ) in 1955. The regional director system was retired to utilize the leadership of the national officer positions. At the same time, The Lampadion ceased publication, leaving

2684-485: The most powerful members of the United States House of Representatives , lived in Lancaster as an attorney. Stevens gained notoriety as a Radical Republican and for his abolitionism . The Fulton Opera House in the city was named for Lancaster native Robert Fulton , a renaissance man who created the first fully functional steamboat. All of these individuals have had local schools named after them. After

2745-412: The number of specialty shops, boutiques, bars, clubs, and galleries. Burle Business Park, the city's only commercial and industrial park. originally opened in 1942 as a U.S. Navy electronics research, development and manufacturing plant operated by RCA . The facility was purchased after World War II by RCA. Burle Business Park was originally occupied by Burle Industries, the successor company to RCA, and

2806-477: The opportunity to spread the purposes of Phi Sigma Pi. We must act." At the time, colleges and universities were openly discouraging social fraternities, while promoting honor organizations and scholarships. Seeing that Phi Sigma Pi had always placed exceptional emphasis on scholarship—the premise being that good teachers were also good scholars—its leaders suggested an honor fraternity model which stressed scholarship, leadership, and fellowship. This concept preserved

2867-597: The region's Amish and Mennonite communities. The museum was closed in 2011. The Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society Museum and the Heritage Center Museum display artifacts and interpret the region's unique history. Children can have a hands-on experience with educational learning at the Hands-on House, also known as the Children's Museum of Lancaster. Nature and geology-minded visitors can view

2928-531: The same requirements as Phi Beta Kappa. On February 14, 1916, Hendricks, Phillips, and McClure founded a new fraternity named Phi Sigma Pi Honorary Professional Fraternity when they could not find an existing fraternity to establish a chapter on their campus. Hendricks was the first to sign the fraternity's roll book, becoming known as Alpha 1 , followed by Phillips and McClure. Its founders included three professors (the founding fathers) and ten male students. Phi Sigma Pi's established ideals for its members called

2989-538: The second highest concentration of Puerto Ricans in Pennsylvania after Reading . For this reason, it is sometimes referred to as the "Spanish Rose." Lancaster celebrates its Puerto Rican heritage once every year with the Puerto Rican Festival. There were 20,933 households, out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.4% were married couples living together, 19.0% had

3050-609: The site includes a recently discovered Underground Railroad feature: a converted water cistern used in the antebellum years to hide fugitive slaves on their way to freedom. In Lancaster County, the Landis Valley Museum in Manheim Township has exhibits that interpret the county's history and culture, especially as a center of ethnic German Amish and Mennonite culture. The Lancaster Symphony Orchestra has been performing since 1947. The Fulton Opera House

3111-423: The state legislatures considered closing them permanently. The war also prevented the 1943 Grand Chapter Convention where the election of new National Officers would have taken place. The existing officers continued to guide the fraternity and its ultimate reorganization until the next Grand Chapter meeting could be held. By the fall of 1946, all but one of the chapters before the war were reactivated. The exception

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3172-463: The tripod and created new expansion opportunities. Thus, the fraternity evolved from being an honorary professional fraternity to a professional education fraternity, and then, in 1966, into an honor fraternity for all disciplines. Formerly all-male, Phi Sigma Pi first admitted women in 1977. Since 1996, the fraternity's national office is located in Lancaster, Pennsylvania . The fraternity publishes

3233-631: The well-known painter Charles Demuth , who had a national reputation in the 20th century. Additional museums include the Lancaster Museum of Art and the Philips Museum of Art on the campus of Franklin & Marshall College . Art students at the state-of-the-art Pennsylvania College of Art and Design present their works at the academy's gallery, which is open to the public. LancasterARTS, a non-profit organization founded in 2002, promotes contemporary arts and crafts. Lancaster city has

3294-402: Was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 29,770, and the median income for a family was $ 34,623. Males had a median income of $ 27,833 versus $ 21,862 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 13,955. 21.2% of the population and 17.9% of families were below

3355-424: Was changed to Central Missouri State Teachers College in 1919, Central Missouri State College in 1945 and Central Missouri State University in 1972. In 1965, the institution established a graduate school. In 2006, the name was changed to the University of Central Missouri . There are 150 majors and minors, 32 professional accreditations and 45 graduate programs. UCM has a high-tech, STEM-focused facility called

3416-629: Was created in 1957 and was renamed the Joseph Torchia Outstanding Chapter Award in 1970. Todd served as the Tau chapter advisor for many years and held virtually every officer position on the national council. At East Carolina University, Todd was an outstanding history professor and advisor to many undergraduate organizations. Dr. Todd and his wife established several scholarships, including Phi Sigma Pi's Richard C. Todd & Clauda Pennock Todd Tripod Scholarship. With

3477-508: Was erected in 1928 and underwent a major face-lift in 1995. The stadium officially holds 11,000 people, but crowds often approach 12,000. Keth Memorial Golf Course within Pertle Springs Park on the campus of the University of Central Missouri is an 18-hole grass greens course complete with a fully equipped pro shop. Keth Memorial also is home for UCM golf and cross country competitions. The James C. Kirkpatrick Library (JCKL)

3538-615: Was laid out by James Hamilton in 1734. It was incorporated as a borough in 1742 and incorporated as a city in 1818. During the American Revolution , Lancaster served for one day as the temporary capital of the United States , seated at the Court House (built 1739, destroyed by fire in 1784 and rebuilt before relocating to current Lancaster County Courthouse in 1852; original site is now the Soldiers & Sailors Monument at Penn Square c. 1874), on September 27, 1777, after

3599-567: Was moved to Harrisburg , where it has remained since. U.S. census reports show that, from 1800 to 1900, Lancaster ranked among the nation's top 100 most populous urban areas. In 1851, the current Lancaster County Prison , known locally as Lancaster Castle, was built in the city but shares no visual similarities with the Lancaster Castle in England. The prison remains in use, and was used for public hangings until 1912. It replaced

3660-447: Was the Mu chapter at State Teachers College . It took the fraternity decades to recover the momentum that it had gained throughout the 1920s and 1930s. Since the fraternity had gone national in 1921, the leaders at the national level had been faculty advisors of the chapters and active alumni. By 1950, contact with alumni was critically affected by the war and the faculty advisors who guided

3721-458: Was the winter of 2009-10 when 72 inches of snow fell and the smallest amount of snow on record was when four inches fell during the winter of 1949–50. The highest recorded January temperature was 77 °F (25 °C) on January 26, 1950, and the coldest July temperature 42 °F (6 °C) on July 4, 1918. On average, the city receives 203 days of sun a year. The shortest days of the year are between December 18 and December 25, when day length

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