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100-629: Philips currently has two production centres for shavers: Drachten , in the Netherlands, and Zhuhai , in China. The Philishave shaver was invented by Philips engineer Alexandre Horowitz , who used rotating cutters instead of the reciprocating cutters that had been used in previous electric shavers. The shaver was introduced in 1939, though initial production was limited due to the outbreak of World War II (the production facility in Eindhoven ,

200-424: A probe . The ultrasound pulses echo off tissues with different reflection properties and are returned to the probe which records and displays them as an image. A general-purpose ultrasonic transducer may be used for most imaging purposes but some situations may require the use of a specialized transducer. Most ultrasound examination is done using a transducer on the surface of the body, but improved visualization

300-858: A 4,000-person staff reduction announced in October 2022. In August 2023, Exor N.V. , the holding company owned by the Agnelli family , took a 15% stake in Philips. The transaction was worth roughly €2.6 billion. On 17th September 2024, Philips announced the introduction of the 160cm FDA approved version of its unique LumiGuide endovascular navigation wire. It also marked the 1000th patient treated with its breakthrough 3D device guidance technology. Past and present CEOs: Medical ultrasound Medical ultrasound includes diagnostic techniques (mainly imaging techniques) using ultrasound , as well as therapeutic applications of ultrasound. In diagnosis, it

400-563: A consortium of private equity investors consisting of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (KKR), Silver Lake Partners and AlpInvest Partners . On 21 August 2006, Bain Capital and Apax Partners announced that they had signed definitive commitments to join the acquiring consortium, a process which was completed on 1 October 2006. In 2006, Philips bought out the company Lifeline Systems headquartered in Framingham, Massachusetts , in

500-517: A deal valued at $ 750 million, its biggest move yet to expand its consumer-health business (M). In August 2007, Philips acquired the company Ximis, Inc. headquartered in El Paso, Texas , for their Medical Informatics Division. In October 2007, it purchased a Moore Microprocessor Patent (MPP) Portfolio license from The TPL Group. On 21 December 2007, Philips and Respironics, Inc. announced a definitive agreement pursuant to which Philips acquired all of

600-407: A generator set as originally planned. The result, rated at 180/200 W electrical output from a bore and stroke of 55 mm × 27 mm , was designated MP1002CA (known as the "Bungalow set"). Production of an initial batch of 250 began in 1951, but it became clear that they could not be made at a competitive price, besides the advent of transistor radios with their much lower power requirements meant that

700-442: A key product recall cut the company's market value by more than half over the previous year. He was to be replaced by Philips's EVP and Chief Business Leader of Connected Care, Roy Jakobs, effective 15 October 2022. In 2023, the company announced that it would be cutting 6,000 jobs from the company worldwide over the next two years after reporting 1.6 billion euros in losses during the 2022 financial year. The cuts came in addition to

800-580: A manufacturer of devices to treat heart disease, for €1.9 billion (£1.68 billion) expanding its image-guided therapy business. In May 2016, Philips' lighting division Philips Lighting went through a spin-off process, and became an independent public company named Philips Lighting N.V. In 2017, Philips launched Philips Ventures, with a health technology venture fund as its main focus. Philips Ventures invested in companies including Mytonomy (2017) and DEARhealth (2019). On 18 July 2017, Philips announced its acquisition of TomTec Imaging Systems GmbH. In 2018,

900-540: A method of signal generation and processing that results in a specific application. Most imaging techniques are operating in B-mode. Therapeutic ultrasound aimed at a specific tumor or calculus is not an imaging mode. However, for positioning a treatment probe to focus on a specific region of interest, A-mode and B-mode are typically used, often during treatment. Compared to other medical imaging modalities, ultrasound has several advantages. It provides images in real-time,

1000-570: A multidisciplinary sports club called PSV Eindhoven in 1913. The Philips Company was founded in 1891, by Dutch entrepreneur Gerard Philips and his father Frederik Philips. Frederik, a banker based in Zaltbommel , financed the purchase and setup of an empty factory building in Eindhoven, where the company started the production of carbon-filament lamps and other electro-technical products in 1892. This first factory has since been adapted and

1100-607: A new production facility in Drachten , the Netherlands. A triple-head model was test marketed in Australia and New Zealand in 1956, but would not be introduced globally until 1966. In 1980, Philips introduced the Lift & Cut Philishave shaver, invented by Eduard W. Tietjens, with lifters which pull whiskers slightly before cutting, allowing for closer shaves. The brand name Philishave was phased out in 2006 so shavers now bear only

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1200-550: A plan to split the company into two, separating the lighting business from the healthcare and consumer lifestyle divisions. It moved to complete this in March 2015 to an investment group for $ 3.3 billion. In February 2015, Philips acquired Volcano Corporation to strengthen its position in non-invasive surgery and imaging. In June 2016, Philips spun off its lighting division to focus on the healthcare division. In June 2017, Philips announced it would acquire US-based Spectranetics Corp,

1300-489: A price of deeper tissue penetration. In anesthesiology , ultrasound is commonly used to guide the placement of needles when injecting local anesthetic solutions in the proximity of nerves identified within the ultrasound image (nerve block). It is also used for vascular access such as cannulation of large central veins and for difficult arterial cannulation . Transcranial Doppler is frequently used by neuro-anesthesiologists for obtaining information about flow-velocity in

1400-405: A useful hint to treat patients with symptoms related to pelvic prolapse, double incontinence and obstructed defecation. It is also used to diagnose and, at higher frequencies, to treat (break up) kidney stones or kidney crystals ( nephrolithiasis ). Scrotal ultrasonography is used in the evaluation of testicular pain , and can help identify solid masses. Ultrasound is an excellent method for

1500-684: A wealth of information, which they later licensed to other companies. The first Philips shaver was introduced in 1939, and was simply called Philishave . In the US, it was called Norelco . The Philishave has remained part of the Philips product line-up until the present. On 9 May 1940, the Philips directors learned that the German invasion of the Netherlands was to take place the following day. Being prepared, Anton Philips and his son-in-law Frans Otten , as well as other Philips family members, fled to

1600-421: Is portable , and can consequently be brought to the bedside. It is substantially lower in cost than other imaging strategies. Drawbacks include various limits on its field of view, the need for patient cooperation, dependence on patient physique, difficulty imaging structures obscured by bone , air or gases, and the necessity of a skilled operator, usually with professional training. Sonography (ultrasonography)

1700-509: Is a Dutch multinational conglomerate corporation that was founded in Eindhoven in 1891. Since 1997, its world headquarters have been situated in Amsterdam , though the Benelux headquarters is still in Eindhoven. The company gained its royal honorary title in 1998. Philips was founded by Gerard Philips and his father Frederik, with their first products being light bulbs . Through

1800-463: Is a common medical procedure. The need for intravenous access occurs in the outpatient laboratory, in the inpatient hospital units, and most critically in the Emergency Room and Intensive Care Unit. In many situations, intravenous access may be required repeatedly or over a significant time period. In these latter circumstances, a needle with an overlying catheter is introduced into the vein and

1900-421: Is an essential tool in cardiology , assisting in evaluation of heart valve function, such as stenosis or insufficiency , strength of cardiac muscle contraction, and hypertrophy or dilatation of the main chambers. ( ventricle and atrium ) Point of care ultrasound has many applications in emergency medicine . These include differentiating cardiac from pulmonary causes of acute breathlessness , and

2000-545: Is called obstetric ultrasonography , and was an early development of clinical ultrasonography. The machine used is called an ultrasound machine , a sonograph or an echograph . The visual image formed using this technique is called an ultrasonogram , a sonogram or an echogram . Ultrasound is composed of sound waves with frequencies greater than 20,000 Hz, which is the approximate upper threshold of human hearing. Ultrasonic images, also known as sonograms, are created by sending pulses of ultrasound into tissue using

2100-440: Is curable but must be treated to preserve health and fertility. There are two methods of performing pelvic sonography – externally or internally. The internal pelvic sonogram is performed either trans vaginally (in a woman) or transrectally (in a man). Sonographic imaging of the pelvic floor can produce important diagnostic information regarding the precise relationship of abnormal structures with other pelvic organs and it represents

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2200-459: Is often possible if a transducer can be placed inside the body. For this purpose, special-use transducers, including transvaginal , endorectal, and transesophageal transducers are commonly employed. At the extreme, very small transducers can be mounted on small diameter catheters and placed within blood vessels to image the walls and disease of those vessels. The imaging mode refers to probe and machine settings that result in specific dimensions of

2300-620: Is often used as image guidance for renal interventions. Furthermore, novel applications in renal US have been introduced with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), elastography and fusion imaging. However, renal US has certain limitations, and other modalities, such as CT (CECT) and MRI, should be considered for supplementary imaging in assessing renal disease. Intravenous access, for the collection of blood samples to assist in diagnosis or laboratory investigation including blood culture, or for administration of intravenous fluids for fluid maintenance of replacement or blood transfusion in sicker patients,

2400-499: Is routinely used in urology to determine the amount of fluid retained in a patient's bladder. In a pelvic sonogram, images include the uterus and ovaries or urinary bladder in females. In males, a sonogram will provide information about the bladder, prostate , or testicles (for example to urgently distinguish epididymitis from testicular torsion ). In young males, it is used to distinguish more benign testicular masses ( varicocele or hydrocele ) from testicular cancer , which

2500-548: Is the initial imaging choice, avoiding radiation if possible, although it frequently needs to be followed by other imaging methods such as CT . Endoanal ultrasound is used particularly in the investigation of anorectal symptoms such as fecal incontinence or obstructed defecation . It images the immediate perianal anatomy and is able to detect occult defects such as tearing of the anal sphincter . Ultrasonography of liver tumors allows for both detection and characterization. Ultrasound imaging studies are often obtained during

2600-456: Is used as a museum. In 1895, after a difficult first few years and near-bankruptcy, the Philips's brought in Anton , Gerard's younger brother by sixteen years. Though he had earned a degree in engineering, Anton started work as a sales representative; soon, however, he began to contribute many important business ideas. With Anton's arrival, the family business began to expand rapidly, resulting in

2700-448: Is used at the bedside or examination table to evaluate a number of different lung abnormalities as well as to guide procedures such as thoracentesis , (drainage of pleural fluid (effusion)), needle aspiration biopsy, and catheter placement. Although air present in the lungs does not allow good penetration of ultrasound waves, interpretation of specific artifacts created on the lung surface can be used to detect abnormalities. Ultrasound

2800-488: Is used for imaging flow in the intracerebral arteries. Intravascular ultrasound ( IVUS ) uses a specially designed catheter with a miniaturized ultrasound probe attached to its distal end, which is then threaded inside a blood vessel. The proximal end of the catheter is attached to computerized ultrasound equipment and allows the application of ultrasound technology, such as a piezoelectric transducer or capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer , to visualize

2900-437: Is used to create an image of internal body structures such as tendons , muscles , joints, blood vessels, and internal organs, to measure some characteristics (e.g., distances and velocities) or to generate an informative audible sound. The usage of ultrasound to produce visual images for medicine is called medical ultrasonography or simply sonography , or echography . The practice of examining pregnant women using ultrasound

3000-485: Is widely used in medicine . It is possible to perform both diagnosis and therapeutic procedures , using ultrasound to guide interventional procedures such as biopsies or to drain collections of fluid, which can be both diagnostic and therapeutic. Sonographers are medical professionals who perform scans which are traditionally interpreted by radiologists, physicians who specialize in the application and interpretation of medical imaging modalities, or by cardiologists in

3100-667: The Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia ), and later PHI broadcast in English and other languages to the Eastern hemisphere, while PCJJ broadcast in English, Spanish and German to the rest of the world. The international program Sundays commenced in 1928, with host Eddie Startz hosting the Happy Station show, which became the world's longest-running shortwave program. Broadcasts from the Netherlands were interrupted by

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3200-640: The Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) exam , extended to include assessment for significant hemoperitoneum or pericardial tamponade after trauma ( EFAST ). Other uses include assisting with differentiating causes of abdominal pain such as gallstones and kidney stones . Emergency Medicine Residency Programs have a substantial history of promoting the use of bedside ultrasound during physician training. Both abdominal and endoanal ultrasound are frequently used in gastroenterology and colorectal surgery . In abdominal sonography,

3300-605: The International Court of Arbitration ruled in favour of Philips, awarding compensation of € 135 million in the process. In April 2013, Philips announced a collaboration with Paradox Engineering for the realization and implementation of a "pilot project" on network-connected street-lighting management solutions. This project was endorsed by the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC). In 2013, Philips removed

3400-675: The Respironics brand), and Personal Health (manufacturing electric shavers , Sonicare electric toothbrushes and Avent childcare products). Philips has a primary listing on the Euronext Amsterdam stock exchange and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index . It has a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange . Acquisitions included Signetics and Magnavox . It also founded

3500-453: The compact cassette audio tape format in 1963, and it was wildly successful. Cassettes were initially used for dictation machines for office typing stenographers and professional journalists. As their sound quality improved, cassettes would also be used to record sound and became the second mass media alongside vinyl records used to sell recorded music. Philips introduced the first combination portable radio and cassette recorder, which

3600-425: The endothelium of blood vessels in living individuals. In the case of the common and potentially, serious problem of blood clots in the deep veins of the leg, ultrasound plays a key diagnostic role, while ultrasonography of chronic venous insufficiency of the legs focuses on more superficial veins to assist with planning of suitable interventions to relieve symptoms or improve cosmetics. Echocardiography

3700-677: The mini-cassette , although it was not as successful as the Olympus microcassette . The mini-cassette became the predominant dictation medium up to the advent of fully digital dictation machines. Philips continued with computers through the early 1990s (see separate article: Philips Computers ). In 1972, Philips launched the world's first home videocassette recorder , in the UK, the N1500. Its relatively bulky video cassettes could record 30 minutes or 45 minutes. Later one-hour tapes were also offered. As

3800-440: The transducer at the desired frequency. The frequencies can vary between 1 and 18 MHz , though frequencies up to 50–100 megahertz have been used experimentally in a technique known as biomicroscopy in special regions, such as the anterior chamber of the eye. Older technology transducers focused their beam with physical lenses. Contemporary technology transducers use digital antenna array techniques (piezoelectric elements in

3900-466: The 1990s and 2000s led to a period of downsizing, including the divestment of its lighting and consumer electronics divisions , and Philips' eventual reorganization into a healthcare-focused company. As of 2024, Philips is organized into three main divisions: Diagnosis and Treatment (manufacturing healthcare products such as MRI , CT and ultrasound scanners), Connected Care (manufacturing patient monitors , as well as respiratory care products under

4000-568: The 2010s. On 5 December 2012, the antitrust regulators of the European Union fined Philips and several other major companies for fixing prices of TV cathode-ray tubes in two cartels lasting nearly a decade. On 29 January 2013, it was announced that Philips had agreed to sell its audio and video operations to the Japan-based Funai Electric for €150 million, with the audio business planned to transfer to Funai in

4100-462: The 20th century, it grew into one of the world's largest electronics conglomerates , with global market dominance in products ranging from kitchen appliances and electric shavers to light bulbs , televisions , cassettes , and compact discs (both of which were invented by Philips). At one point, it played a dominant role in the entertainment industry (through PolyGram ). However, intense competition from primarily East Asian competitors throughout

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4200-565: The Dutch International Service. Some PCJ programs, such as Happy Station , continued on the new station. Philips was instrumental in the revival of the Stirling engine when, in the early 1930s, the management decided that offering a low-power portable generator would assist in expanding sales of its radios into parts of the world where mains electricity was unavailable and the supply of batteries uncertain. Engineers at

4300-545: The Dutch Philips Group bought out nearly a one-third share and took over the management of the German company Grundig . Also in 1984, Philips split off its activities on the field of photolithographic integrated circuit production equipment, the so-called wafer steppers, into a joint venture with ASM International , located in Veldhoven under the name ASML . Over the years, this new company has evolved into

4400-563: The German invasion in May 1940. The Germans commandeered the transmitters in Huizen to use for pro- Nazi broadcasts , some originating from Germany, others concerts from Dutch broadcasters under German control. In the early 1930s, Philips introduced the "Chapel", a radio with a built-in loudspeaker. Philips Radio was absorbed shortly after liberation when its two shortwave stations were nationalized in 1947 and renamed Radio Netherlands Worldwide ,

4500-639: The Japanese makers, whose tapes were significantly cheaper. Philips made one last attempt at a new standard for video recorders with the Video 2000 system, with tapes that could be used on both sides and had 8 hours of total recording time. As Philips only sold its systems on the PAL standard and in Europe, and the Japanese makers sold globally, the scale advantages of the Japanese proved insurmountable and Philips withdrew

4600-487: The Netherlands, was overrun by the German Army in 1940). After the war, a slightly improved version of the cigar-shaped single-head shaver was introduced. A more ergonomic egg-shaped single-head model was introduced in 1948 and was designed by US industrial designer Raymond Loewy . Global sales increased markedly after a double-head model was introduced in 1951. In 1952, production of shavers shifted from Eindhoven to

4700-629: The Philips Radio factory in Eindhoven with few casualties among the Dutch workers and civilians. The Philips works in Eindhoven was bombed again by the RAF on 30 March 1943. Frits Philips , the son of Anton, was the only Philips family member to stay in the Netherlands. He saved the lives of 382 Jews by convincing the Nazis that they were indispensable for the production process at Philips. In 1943, he

4800-749: The Philips name. Philips is now co-branding their shavers sold in the US as "Philips Norelco" in preparation of a phase-out of the Norelco name. Philips have celebrated their 80th anniversary in the electric shaver business by marketing special 'Heritage Edition' shaver models reviving the Philishave brand. According to instructions supplied with the units, the shaving heads need cleaning every 2 months and replacing every 18 months. However, not all Philips spare parts will fit well on all Philips shavers. Heads are given an "HQ" number, such as HQ2, HQ3, HQ4, HQ5, etc., and this number should normally correspond with

4900-608: The Stirling engine for many years and asserted that modern materials and know-how should enable great improvements. Encouraged by their first experimental engine, which produced 16 W of shaft power from a bore and stroke of 30 mm × 25 mm , various development models were produced in a program which continued throughout World War II . By the late 1940s, the "Type 10" was ready to be handed over to Philips' subsidiary Johan de Witt in Dordrecht to be produced and incorporated into

5000-683: The United States taking a large amount of the company capital with them. Operating from the US as the North American Philips Company , they managed to run the company throughout the war. At the same time, the company was moved (on paper) to the Netherlands Antilles to keep it out of German hands. On 6 December 1942, the British No. 2 Group RAF undertook Operation Oyster , which heavily damaged

5100-673: The V2000 system and joined the VHS Coalition. Philips had developed a LaserDisc early on for selling movies, but delayed its commercial launch for fear of cannibalizing its video recorder sales. Later Philips joined with MCA to launch the first commercial LaserDisc standard and players. In 1982, Philips teamed with Sony to launch the compact disc ; this format evolved into the CD-R , CD-RW , DVD and later Blu-ray , which Philips launched with Sony in 1997 and 2006 respectively. In 1984,

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5200-777: The absence of sonography. It is currently believed that the risk of delayed diagnosis is greater than the small risk, if any, associated with undergoing an ultrasound scan. However, its use for non-medical purposes such as fetal "keepsake" videos and photos is discouraged. Obstetric ultrasound is primarily used to: According to the European Committee of Medical Ultrasound Safety (ECMUS) Ultrasonic examinations should only be performed by competent personnel who are trained and updated in safety matters. Ultrasound produces heating, pressure changes and mechanical disturbances in tissue. Diagnostic levels of ultrasound can produce temperature rises that are hazardous to sensitive organs and

5300-424: The basal cerebral vessels . In angiology or vascular medicine, duplex ultrasound (B Mode imaging combined with Doppler flow measurement) is used to diagnose arterial and venous disease. This is particularly important in potential neurologic problems , where carotid ultrasound is commonly used for assessing blood flow and potential or suspected stenosis in the carotid arteries , while transcranial Doppler

5400-510: The case of cardiac ultrasonography ( echocardiography ). Sonography is effective for imaging soft tissues of the body. Superficial structures such as muscle , tendon , testis , breast , thyroid and parathyroid glands, and the neonatal brain are imaged at higher frequencies (7–18 MHz), which provide better linear (axial) and horizontal (lateral) resolution . Deeper structures such as liver and kidney are imaged at lower frequencies (1–6 MHz) with lower axial and lateral resolution as

5500-578: The catheter is then inserted securely into the vein while the needle is withdrawn. The chosen veins are most frequently selected from the arm, but in challenging situations, a deeper vein from the neck ( external jugular vein ) or upper arm ( subclavian vein ) may need to be used. There are many reasons why the selection of a suitable vein may be problematic. These include, but are not limited to, obesity, previous injury to veins from inflammatory reaction to previous 'blood draws', previous injury to veins from recreational drug use. In these challenging situations,

5600-415: The chosen vein. Ultrasound training for intravenous cannulation is offered in most ultrasound training programs. The creation of an image from sound has three steps – transmitting a sound wave , receiving echoes , and interpreting those echoes. A sound wave is typically produced by a piezoelectric transducer encased in a plastic housing. Strong, short electrical pulses from the ultrasound machine drive

5700-559: The company started to manufacture other products, such as vacuum tubes . For this purpose the Van Arkel–de Boer process was invented. In 1924, Philips joined with German lamp trust Osram to form the Phoebus cartel . On 11 March 1927, Philips went on the air, inaugurating the shortwave radio station PCJJ (later PCJ) which was joined in 1929 by a sister station (Philips Omroep Holland-Indië, later PHI). PHOHI broadcast in Dutch to

5800-602: The company was housed in the Rembrandt Tower . In 2002, it moved to the Breitner Tower. Philips Lighting, Philips Research , Philips Semiconductors (spun off as NXP in September 2006), and Philips Design, are still based in Eindhoven. Philips Healthcare is headquartered in both Best, Netherlands (near Eindhoven) and Andover, Massachusetts , (north of Boston ). In 2000, Philips bought Optiva Corporation,

5900-507: The company's research lab carried out a systematic comparison of various power sources and determined that the almost forgotten Stirling engine would be most suitable, citing its quiet operation (both audibly and in terms of radio interference) and ability to run on a variety of heat sources (common lamp oil – "cheap and available everywhere" – was favored). They were also aware that, unlike steam and internal combustion engines, virtually no serious development work had been carried out on

6000-501: The competition came from Sony 's Betamax and the VHS group of manufacturers, Philips introduced the N1700 system which allowed double-length recording. For the first time, a 2-hour movie could fit onto one video cassette. In 1977, the company unveiled a special promotional film for this system in the UK, featuring comedy writer and presenter Denis Norden . The concept was quickly copied by

6100-399: The embryo/fetus. Biological effects of non-thermal origin have been reported in animals but, to date, no such effects have been demonstrated in humans, except when a micro-bubble contrast agent is present. Nonetheless, care should be taken to use low power settings and avoid pulsed wave scanning of the fetal brain unless specifically indicated in high risk pregnancies. Figures released for

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6200-464: The evaluation process of Fatty liver disease . Ultrasonography reveals a "bright" liver with increased echogenicity. Pocket-sized ultrasound devices might be used as point-of-care screening tools to diagnose liver steatosis. Gynecologic ultrasonography examines female pelvic organs (specifically the uterus , ovaries , and fallopian tubes ) as well as the bladder , adnexa , and pouch of Douglas . It uses transducers designed for approaches through

6300-631: The first digit of the model number of the shaver. An exception is the 6000 series which takes HQ8 heads. Although the heads do look much the same, attempts to fit the wrong HQ number may fail; for example, an HQ5 head will not correctly engage with the spindle on a shaver model designed for an HQ3 or HQ4 head, due to a small extra piece of plastic in the centre of the HQ5 drive socket. Care should therefore be taken when choosing replacement parts. Philips Koninklijke Philips N.V. ( lit.   ' Royal Philips ' ), commonly shortened to Philips ,

6400-482: The first large (42-inch) commercially available flat-panel TV, using Fujitsu plasma displays. In 1998, looking to spur innovation, Philips created an Emerging Businesses group for its Semiconductors unit, based in Silicon Valley . The group was designed to be an incubator where promising technologies and products could be developed. The move of the headquarters to Amsterdam was completed in 2001. Initially,

6500-406: The founding of Philips Metaalgloeilampfabriek N.V. (Philips Metal Filament Lamp Factory Ltd.) in Eindhoven in 1908, followed in 1912, by the foundation of Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken N.V. (Philips Lightbulb Factories Ltd.). After Gerard and Anton Philips changed their family business by founding the Philips corporation , they laid the foundations for the later multinational company. In the 1920s,

6600-415: The head and neck can be differentiated, evaluated, and managed with the help of diagnostic ultrasound and ultrasound-guided procedures. In neonatology , transcranial Doppler can be used for basic assessment of intracerebral structural abnormalities, suspected hemorrhage, ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus and anoxic insults ( periventricular leukomalacia ). It can be performed through the soft spots in

6700-515: The independent Philips Lighting N.V. was renamed Signify N.V. However, it continues to produce and market Philips-branded products such as Philips Hue color-changing LED light bulbs. In 2021, Philips Domestic Appliances was purchased by Hillhouse Capital for $ 4.4 billion. The company, now known as Versuni , continues to sell small appliances under the Philips brand under license. In 2022, Philips announced that Frans Van Houten , who had served as CEO for 12 years would be stepping down, after

6800-407: The insertion of a catheter into a vein has been greatly assisted by the use of ultrasound. The ultrasound unit may be 'cart-based' or 'handheld' using a linear transducer with a frequency of 10 to 15 megahertz . In most circumstances, choice of vein will be limited by the requirement that the vein is within 1.5 cms. from the skin surface. The transducer may be placed longitudinally or transversely over

6900-423: The kidneys is essential in the diagnosis and management of kidney-related diseases. The kidneys are easily examined, and most pathological changes are distinguishable with ultrasound. It is an accessible, versatile, relatively economic, and fast aid for decision-making in patients with renal symptoms and for guidance in renal intervention. Using B-mode imaging , assessment of renal anatomy is easily performed, and US

7000-466: The lateral resolution decreases. Therefore, the wider the transducer width and the higher the frequency of ultrasound, the longer the Fresnel zone, and the lateral resolution can be maintained at a greater depth from the transducer. Ultrasound waves travel in pulses. Therefore, a shorter pulse length requires higher bandwidth (greater number of frequencies) to constitute the ultrasound pulse. As stated,

7100-480: The latter half of 2013, and the video business in 2017. As part of the transaction, Funai was to pay a regular licensing fee to Philips for the use of the Philips brand. The purchase agreement was terminated by Philips in October because of breach of contract and the consumer electronics operations remained under Philips. Philips said it would seek damages for breach of contract in the US$ 200-million sale. In April 2016,

7200-443: The layers between different tissues or scattered from smaller structures. Specifically, sound is reflected anywhere where there are acoustic impedance changes in the body: e.g. blood cells in blood plasma , small structures in organs, etc. Some of the reflections return to the transducer. The return of the sound wave to the transducer results in the same process as sending the sound wave, in reverse. The returned sound wave vibrates

7300-474: The lower abdominal wall, curvilinear and sector, and specialty transducers such as transvaginal ultrasound . Obstetrical sonography was originally developed in the late 1950s and 1960s by Sir Ian Donald and is commonly used during pregnancy to check the development and presentation of the fetus . It can be used to identify many conditions that could be potentially harmful to the mother and/or baby possibly remaining undiagnosed or with delayed diagnosis in

7400-399: The major organs of the abdomen such as the pancreas , aorta , inferior vena cava , liver , gall bladder , bile ducts , kidneys , and spleen may be imaged. However, sound waves may be blocked by gas in the bowel and attenuated to differing degrees by fat, sometimes limiting diagnostic capabilities. The appendix can sometimes be seen when inflamed (e.g.: appendicitis ) and ultrasound

7500-447: The maker of Sonicare electric toothbrushes . The company was renamed Philips Oral Healthcare and made a subsidiary of Philips DAP. In 2001, Philips acquired Agilent Technologies ' Healthcare Solutions Group (HSG) for EUR 2 billion. Philips created a computer monitors joint venture with LG called LG.Philips Displays in 2001. In 2001, after growing the unit's Emerging Businesses group to nearly $ 1 billion in revenue, Scott A. McGregor

7600-501: The mammography division of Sectra AB . Because net profit slumped 85 percent in Q3 2011, Philips announced a cut of 4,500 jobs to match part of an €800 million ($ 1.1 billion) cost-cutting scheme to boost profits and meet its financial target. In 2011, the company posted a loss of €1.3 billion, but earned a net profit in Q1 and Q2 2012, however the management wanted €1.1 billion cost-cutting which

7700-437: The neck, including the thyroid and parathyroid glands , lymph nodes , and salivary glands , are well-visualized by high-frequency ultrasound with exceptional anatomic detail. Ultrasound is the preferred imaging modality for thyroid tumors and lesions, and its use is important in the evaluation, preoperative planning, and postoperative surveillance of patients with thyroid cancer . Many other benign and malignant conditions in

7800-524: The newborn, respiratory distress syndrome, congenital pneumonia, meconium aspiration syndrome, and pneumothorax. A neonatal lung ultrasound score, first described by Brat et al., has been found to highly correlate with oxygenation in the newborn. In ophthalmology and optometry , there are two major forms of eye exam using ultrasound: Ultrasound is used to assess the lungs in a variety of settings including critical care, emergency medicine, trauma surgery, as well as general medicine. This imaging modality

7900-431: The original rationale for the set was disappearing. Approximately 150 of these sets were eventually produced. In parallel with the generator set, Philips developed experimental Stirling engines for a wide variety of applications and continued to work in the field until the late 1970s, though the only commercial success was the "reversed Stirling engine" cryocooler . However, they filed a large number of patents and amassed

8000-471: The outstanding shares of Respironics for US$ 66 per share, or a total purchase price of approximately €3.6  billion (US$ 5.1 billion) in cash. On 21 February 2008, Philips completed the acquisition of VISICU in Baltimore, Maryland, through the merger of its indirect wholly-owned subsidiary into VISICU. As a result of that merger, VISICU has become an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Philips. VISICU

8100-682: The period 2005–2006 by the UK Government (Department of Health) show that non-obstetric ultrasound examinations constituted more than 65% of the total number of ultrasound scans conducted. Blood velocity can be measured in various blood vessels, such as middle cerebral artery or descending aorta , by relatively inexpensive and low risk ultrasound Doppler probes attached to portable monitors. These provide non-invasive or transcutaneous (non-piercing) minimal invasive blood flow assessment. Common examples are transcranial Doppler , esophageal Doppler and suprasternal Doppler . Most structures of

8200-430: The sale of its Assembléon subsidiary which made pick-and-place machines for the electronics industry. Philips made several acquisitions during 2011, announcing on 5 January 2011 that it had acquired Optimum Lighting, a manufacturer of LED based luminaires. In January 2011, Philips agreed to acquire the assets of Preethi, a leading India-based kitchen appliances company. On 27 June 2011, Philips acquired Sectra Mamea AB,

8300-439: The same time, North American Philips was formally dissolved, and a new corporate division was formed in the US with the name Philips Electronics North America Corp. In 1997, the company officers decided to move the headquarters from Eindhoven to Amsterdam along with the corporate name change to Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V., the latter of which was finalized on 16 March 1998. In 1997, Philips introduced at CES and CeBIT

8400-451: The skull of a newborn infant ( Fontanelle ) until these completely close at about 1 year of age by which time they have formed a virtually impenetrable acoustic barrier to ultrasound. The most common site for cranial ultrasound is the anterior fontanelle. The smaller the fontanelle, the more the image is compromised. Lung ultrasound has been found to be useful in diagnosing common neonatal respiratory diseases such as transient tachypnea of

8500-547: The slogan "Let's make things better" in favor of a new one: "Sense and Simplicity". In December 2005, Philips announced its intention to sell or demerge its semiconductor division. On 1 September 2006, it was announced in Berlin that the name of the new company formed by the division would be NXP Semiconductors . On 2 August 2006, Philips completed an agreement to sell a controlling 80.1% stake in NXP Semiconductors to

8600-413: The sound is focused either by the shape of the transducer, a lens in front of the transducer, or a complex set of control pulses from the ultrasound scanner, in the beamforming or spatial filtering technique. This focusing produces an arc-shaped sound wave from the face of the transducer. The wave travels into the body and comes into focus at a desired depth. Materials on the face of the transducer enable

8700-408: The sound to be transmitted efficiently into the body (often a rubbery coating, a form of impedance matching ). In addition, a water-based gel is placed between the patient's skin and the probe to facilitate ultrasound transmission into the body. This is because air causes total reflection of ultrasound; impeding the transmission of ultrasound into the body. The sound wave is partially reflected from

8800-409: The study of the penis , such as indicated in trauma, priapism, erectile dysfunction or suspected Peyronie's disease . Musculoskeletal ultrasound is used to examine tendons, muscles, nerves, ligaments, soft tissue masses, and bone surfaces. It is helpful in diagnosing ligament sprains, muscles strains and joint pathology. It is an alternative or supplement to x-ray imaging in detecting fractures of

8900-449: The transducer produce echoes at different times) to enable the ultrasound machine to change the direction and depth of focus. Near the transducer, the width of the ultrasound beam almost equals to the width of the transducer, after reaching a distance from the transducer (near zone length or Fresnel zone ), the beam width narrows to half of the transducer width, and after that the width increases (far zone length or Fraunhofer's zone ), where

9000-532: The ultrasound image. Several modes of ultrasound are used in medical imaging: Most machines convert two-way time to imaging depth using as assumed speed of sound of 1540 m/s. As the actual speed of sound varies greatly in different tissue types, an ultrasound image is therefore not a true tomographic representation of the body. Three-dimensional imaging is done by combining B-mode images, using dedicated rotating or stationary probes. This has also been referred to as C-mode . An imaging technique refers to

9100-554: The word "Electronics" from its name – becoming Royal Philips N.V. On 13 November 2013, Philips unveiled its new brand line "Innovation and You" and a new design of its shield mark. The new brand positioning is cited by Philips to signify company's evolution and emphasize that innovation is only meaningful if it is based on an understanding of people's needs and desires. On 28 April 2014, Philips agreed to sell their Woox Innovations subsidiary (consumer electronics) to Gibson Brands for $ US135 million. On 23 September 2014, Philips announced

9200-428: The world's leading manufacturer of chip production machines at the expense of competitors like Nikon and Canon . Philips partnered with Sony again later to develop a new "interactive" disc format called CD-i , described by them as a "new way of interacting with a television set". Philips created the majority of CD-i compatible players. After low sales, Philips repositioned the format as a video game console , but it

9300-487: The wrist, elbow and shoulder for patients up to 12 years ( Fracture sonography ). Quantitative ultrasound is an adjunct musculoskeletal test for myopathic disease in children; estimates of lean body mass in adults; proxy measures of muscle quality (i.e., tissue composition) in older adults with sarcopenia Ultrasound can also be used for needle guidance in muscle or joint injections , as in ultrasound-guided hip joint injection . In nephrology , ultrasonography of

9400-486: Was an increase from €800 million and may cut another 2,200 jobs until end of 2014. In March 2012, Philips announced its intention to sell, or demerge its television manufacturing operations to TPV Technology . After two decades in decline, Philips went through a major restructuring, shifting its focus from electronics to healthcare. Particularly from 2011 when a new CEO was appointed, Frans van Houten. The new health and medical strategy have helped Philips to thrive again in

9500-530: Was established as a joint venture between Philips, the Taiwan government and other private investors. In 1990, the newly appointed CEO, Jan Timmer, decided to sell off all businesses that dealt with computers which meant the end of Philips Data Systems as well as other computer activities. In 1991, the businesses were acquired by Digital Equipment Corporation. In 1991, the company's name was changed from N.V. Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken to Philips Electronics N.V. At

9600-591: Was held at the internment camp for political prisoners at Vught for several months because a strike at his factory reduced production. For his actions in saving the hundreds of Jews, he was recognized by Yad Vashem in 1995 as a " Righteous Among the Nations ". After the war, the company was moved back to the Netherlands, with their headquarters in Eindhoven . In 1949, the company began selling television sets . In 1950, it formed Philips Records , which eventually formed part of PolyGram in 1962. Philips introduced

9700-399: Was marketed as the "radio recorder", and is now better known as the boombox . Later, the cassette was used in telephone answering machines , including a special form of cassette where the tape was wound on an endless loop. The C-cassette was used as the first mass storage device for early personal computers in the 1970s and 1980s. Philips reduced the cassette size for professional needs with

9800-607: Was named the new president and CEO of Philips Semiconductors. McGregor's appointment completed the company's shift to having dedicated CEOs for all five of the company's product divisions, which would in turn leave the Board of Management to concentrate on issues confronting the Philips Group as a whole. In February 2001 Philips sold its remaining interest in battery manufacturing to its then partner Matsushita (which itself became Panasonic in 2008). In 2004, Philips abandoned

9900-480: Was soon discontinued after being heavily criticized amongst the gaming community. In the 1980s, Philips's profit margin dropped below 1 percent, and in 1990 the company lost more than US$ 2 billion (biggest corporate loss in Dutch history). Troubles for the company continued into the 1990s as its status as a leading electronics company was swiftly lost. In 1985, Philips was the largest founding investor in TSMC which

10000-560: Was the creator of the eICU concept of the use of Telemedicine from a centralized facility to monitor and care for ICU patients. The Philips physics laboratory was scaled down in the early 21st century, as the company ceased trying to be innovative in consumer electronics through fundamental research . In 2010, Philips introduced the Airfryer brand of convection oven at the IFA Berlin consumer electronics fair. Philips announced

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