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66-576: Peter J. Pitchess Detention Center , also known as Pitchess Detention Center or simply Pitchess , is an all-male county detention center and correctional facility named in honor of Peter J. Pitchess located directly east of exit 173 off Interstate 5 in the unincorporated community of Castaic in Los Angeles County, California . The 2,620-acre site was previously known as the Wayside Honor Rancho, Castaic Honor Farm, or

132-412: A court summons, discovering their driver's licenses are suspended when stopped for minor traffic violations, or through background checks performed for employment purposes. It can be difficult for the victim of criminal identity theft to clear their record. The steps required to clear the victim's incorrect criminal record depend on which jurisdiction the crime occurred and whether the true identity of

198-706: A hacker were to gain this information, it would mean nationwide identity theft or even a possible terrorist attack. The ITAC said that about 15 million Americans had their identity stolen in 2012. Sources such as the Non-profit Identity Theft Resource Center sub-divide identity theft into five categories: Identity theft may be used to facilitate or fund other crimes including illegal immigration , terrorism , phishing and espionage . There are cases of identity cloning to attack payment systems , including online credit card processing and medical insurance . In this situation,

264-408: A handful of countries are systematically using SLTD to screen travelers. The result is a major gap in our global security apparatus that is left vulnerable to exploitation by criminals and terrorists." In Australia , each state has enacted laws that deal with different aspects of identity or fraud issues. Some states have now amended relevant criminal laws to reflect crimes of identity theft, such as

330-401: A law requiring this, and then finally HIPAA was expanded to also require medical breach notification when breaches affect 500 or more people. Data collected and stored by hospitals and other organizations such as medical aid schemes is up to 10 times more valuable to cybercriminals than credit card information. Child identity theft occurs when a minor's identity is used by another person for

396-523: A maximum capacity of 1,700 inmates. The South Facility was curtailed between November 2001 and October 2007, during which it was called the North Annex. The South Facility's Fire Camp Training Facility currently allows those inmates convicted of non-serious, nonviolent, and nonsexual offenses (mostly victimless drug-related crimes as well as theft and fraud) to participate for several months in physically-demanding firefighter training and to do so under

462-402: A rise in incidents of digital kidnapping and identity theft. Digital kidnapping involves individuals stealing online images of children and misrepresenting them as their own. The most common type of identity theft is related to finance. Financial identity theft includes obtaining credit, loans, goods, and services while claiming to be someone else. One of the major identity theft categories

528-465: A total of 1,450 inmates. For the first four years of its existence it operated under the command of the South Facility before gaining its own unit commander and operations staff. The North Facility unofficially closed in 2010 and currently houses less than a third of its capacity of inmates. Its only function at the moment is to handle overflow from the other three facilities. Built in 1951,

594-582: A victim to identity theft as a result of a data breach is ... around only 2%". For example, in one of the largest data breaches which affected over four million records, it resulted in only about 1,800 instances of identity theft, according to the company whose systems were breached. An October 2010 article entitled "Cyber Crime Made Easy" explained the level to which hackers are using malicious software . As Gunter Ollmann, Chief Technology Officer of security at Microsoft , said, "Interested in credit card theft? There's an app for that." This statement summed up

660-631: A women's inmate facility within the Pitchess Detention Center. The 21-acre facility will require the demolition of most of the existing structures in the planned project area located adjacent to the South Facility. When completed, it will consist of a series of single-story "cottages" each containing a "pod" of beds and, when combined with beds in four existing structures which will not be demolished, will be able to house 1,156 criminals. The Century Regional Detention Center in Lynwood

726-413: Is synthetic identity theft , in which identities are completely or partially fabricated. The most common technique involves combining a real social security number with a name and birthdate other than the ones that are simply associated with the number. Synthetic identity theft is more difficult to track as it doesn't show on either person's credit report directly but may appear as an entirely new file in

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792-406: Is tax-related identity theft . The most common method is to use a person's authentic name, address, and Social Security Number to file a tax return with false information, and have the resulting refund direct-deposited into a bank account controlled by the thief. The thief in this case can also try to get a job and then their employer will report the income of the real taxpayer, this then results in

858-459: Is challenging, primarily because identity theft victims often do not know how their personal information was obtained. According to a report done for the FTC, identity theft is not always detectable by the individual victims. Identity fraud is often but not necessarily the consequence of identity theft. Someone can steal or misappropriate personal information without then committing identity theft using

924-404: Is closed. Built in 1971, the South Facility is a medium-security jail that offers inmates vocational programs such as masonry, dog grooming, and carpentry. Some inmates work on crews at the county Fire Department's Fire Suppression Training Camp No. 12, which a sign on the jail grounds at one point affectionately called "Disneyland." It was designed to house 85 criminals per dormitory block and had

990-456: Is considered a state-of-the-art maximum-security jail offering vocational training in printing, bakery production, and clothes manufacturing. It also includes a 16-bed hospital dormitory. The rest of the facility was designed to house 58 criminals per dormitory block and to have a capacity of 3,700 inmates. On October 26, 2012, the County of Los Angeles gave written notice of its intent to create

1056-591: Is currently serving as an all female facility. It has a 2,100 inmate capacity. 2018: 17 people were indicted on identity theft charges and charges relating to supplying methamphetamine , including to the Pitchess Detention Center, after an investigation into the Puente 13 street gang led by the DEA and the US Secret Service . Peter J. Pitchess Peter J. Pitchess (February 26, 1912 – April 4, 1999)

1122-570: Is guilty of an offense punishable on summary conviction. Under section 403 of the Criminal Code , (1) Everyone commits an offense who fraudulently personates another person, living or dead, (a) with intent to gain advantage for themselves or another person; (b) with intent to obtain any property or an interest in any property; (c) with intent to cause disadvantage to the person being personated or another person; or (d) with intent to avoid arrest or prosecution or to obstruct, pervert or defeat

1188-529: Is made possible through serious breaches of privacy . For consumers, this is usually a result of them naively providing their personal information or login credentials to the identity thieves (e.g., in a phishing attack ) but identity-related documents such as credit cards, bank statements, utility bills, checkbooks, etc. may also be physically stolen from vehicles, homes, offices, and not the least letterboxes , or directly from victims by pickpockets and bag snatchers. Guardianship of personal identifiers by consumers

1254-848: Is now known as a Pitchess motion , about the use of excessive force by police officers. Pitchess' office had claimed that such records were proprietary, and had refused to provide them following a subpoena duces tecum . His petition was ultimately denied by the California Supreme Court in a 7-0 decision. The Peter J. Pitchess Detention Center in Los Angeles County is named after him. Identity theft Identity theft , identity piracy or identity infringement occurs when someone uses another's personal identifying information, like their name, identifying number, or credit card number , without their permission, to commit fraud or other crimes. The term identity theft

1320-522: Is that various data aggregators might still have incorrect criminal records in their databases even after court and police records are corrected. Thus a future background check may return the incorrect criminal records. This is just one example of the kinds of impact that may continue to affect the victims of identity theft for some months or even years after the crime, aside from the psychological trauma that being 'cloned' typically engenders. A variation of identity theft that has recently become more common

1386-877: Is the most common intervention strategy recommended by the US Federal Trade Commission , Canadian Phone Busters and most sites that address identity theft. Such organizations offer recommendations on how individuals can prevent their information from falling into the wrong hands. Identity theft can be partially mitigated by not identifying oneself unnecessarily (a form of information security control known as risk avoidance). This implies that organizations, IT systems, and procedures should not demand excessive amounts of personal information or credentials for identification and authentication. Requiring, storing, and processing personal identifiers (such as Social Security number , national identification number , driver's license number, credit card number, etc.) increases

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1452-433: The Criminal Code , Everyone commits an offense who knowingly obtains or possesses another person's identity information in circumstances giving rise to a reasonable inference that the information is intended to be used to commit an indictable offense that includes fraud, deceit, or falsehood as an element of the offense. is guilty of an indictable offense and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or

1518-764: The Criminal Code Amendment (Theft, Fraud, Bribery & Related Offences) Act 2000 which amended certain provisions within the Criminal Code Act 1995 , 135.1 General dishonesty (3) A person is guilty of an offense if a) the person does anything with the intention of dishonestly causing a loss to another person ; and b) the other person is a Commonwealth entity. Penalty: Imprisonment for 5 years . Between 2014 and 2015 in Australia, there were 133,921 fraud and deception offences, an increase of 6% from previous year. The total cost reported by

1584-599: The Identity Theft Resource Center , some new bills have been implemented to improve security such as requiring electronic signatures and social security verification. Several types of identity theft are used to gather information, one of the most common types occurs when consumers make online purchases. A study was conducted with 190 people to determine the relationship between the constructs of fear of financial losses and reputational damages. The conclusions of this study revealed that identity theft

1650-648: The University of Utah , and his Juris Doctor degree from the university's law school , earning his law school tuition by working in the mines in Bingham, Utah . Pitchess started his career as a special agent with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), spending 12 years with that agency, in Washington, D.C. ; El Paso, Texas ; Kansas City, Missouri ; and Los Angeles . He rose to head

1716-605: The Wayside Jail (by which it is still sometimes known) and was nicknamed the Wayside Drunk Farm in the 1940s because of the large proportion of inmates serving time for alcohol-related offenses—when first built for prison use in 1938 it was a minimum-security facility where inmates worked on a farm setting. In 1983 it was renamed the Peter J. Pitchess Honor Rancho . All farming operations were terminated in 1992 and

1782-498: The credit bureau or as a subfile on one of the victim's credit reports. Synthetic identity theft primarily harms the creditors who unwittingly grant the fraudsters credit. Individual victims can be affected if their names become confused with the synthetic identities, or if negative information in their subfiles impacts their credit ratings. Privacy researcher Pam Dixon, the founder of the World Privacy Forum, coined

1848-414: The mnemonic Major System . Identity thieves sometimes impersonate dead people, using personal information obtained from death notices, gravestones, and other sources to exploit delays between the death and the closure of the person's accounts, the inattentiveness of grieving families, and weaknesses in the processes for credit-checking. Such crimes may continue for some time until the deceased's families or

1914-483: The "rancho" component of the center was closed altogether in 1995 because of budgetary constraints, at which point it acquired its current name. It is run by the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department , and is divided into a North Facility, East Facility, South Facility, and North County Correctional Facility , each managed under different levels of prison security. In its current designation it

1980-701: The Attorney General Department was: $ 27,981 per recorded incident There are also high indirect costs associated as a direct result of an incident. For example, the total indirect costs for police recorded fraud is $ 5,774,081. Likewise, each state has enacted its own privacy laws to prevent the misuse of personal information and data. The Commonwealth Privacy Act applies only to Commonwealth and territory agencies and to certain private-sector bodies (where, for example, they deal with sensitive records, such as medical records, or they have more than $ 3 million in turnover PA). Under section 402.2 of

2046-766: The Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935 (SA), Crimes Amendment (Fraud, Identity and Forgery Offences) Act 2009, and also in Queensland under the Criminal Code 1899 (QLD). Other states and territories are in states of development in respect of regulatory frameworks relating to identity theft such as Western Australia in respect of the Criminal Code Amendment (Identity Crime) Bill 2009. At the Commonwealth level, under

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2112-682: The East Facility, which once included a bakery and print shop where inmates received vocational training, started as a simple disciplinary housing unit for minimum-security inmates working on the farm. In 1957 it became the facility's first maximum-security jail. It was designed to house 110 criminals per dormitory block and had a maximum capacity of 1,830 inmates. It currently is designed to house approximately 850 inmates including 400 parole violators awaiting Morrissey hearings . It consists of two "hard lock" modules and an inmate processing area. As of January 2015, The Pitchess Detention Center East

2178-494: The North Facility was originally built as a medium-security structure, although now it is classified as maximum security. It is made up of four modules each containing four dormitories (each with a sleeping area, dining area/ day room, and restroom), eight disciplinary cells, a multipurpose room, a medical center, a visiting center, and three security stations. It was designed to house 90 criminals per dormitory "block" for

2244-830: The United States per year. It was also estimated that in 2008; 630,000 people under the age of 19 were victims of theft. This then gave the victims a debt of about $ 12,799. Not only are children in general big targets of identity theft but children who are in foster care are even bigger targets. This is because they are most likely moved around quite frequently and their SSN is being shared with multiple people and agencies. Foster children are even more victims of identity theft within their own families and other relatives. Young people in foster care who are victims of this crime are usually left alone to struggle and figure out how to fix their newly formed bad credit. The emergence of children's identities on social media has also contributed to

2310-496: The acquisition of personal identifiers by criminals. Using various types of biometric information, such as fingerprints , for identification and authentication has been cited as a way to thwart identity thieves, however, there are technological limitations and privacy concerns associated with these methods as well. There is an active market for buying and selling stolen personal information, which occurs mostly in darknet markets but also in other black markets . People increase

2376-412: The authorities notice and react to anomalies. In recent years , commercial identity theft protection/insurance services have become available in many countries. These services purport to help protect the individual from identity theft or help detect that identity theft has occurred in exchange for a monthly or annual membership fee or premium. The services typically work either by setting fraud alerts on

2442-532: The county's informal posse comitatus , introduced the use of helicopters for car chases and crowd control, and set up the Special Enforcement Detail, one of the first SWAT teams in the United States. He linked the geographically separated offices and jails with Teletype machines for faster communication, and computerized the offices records in the 1960s. Pitchess also put in place a program allowing smaller communities to contract with

2508-427: The course of justice. is guilty of an indictable offense and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years; or guilty of an offense punishable on summary conviction. In Canada, Privacy Act (federal legislation) covers only federal government, agencies and crown corporations . Each province and territory has its own privacy law and privacy commissioners to limit the storage and use of personal data. For

2574-524: The criminal can be determined. The victim might need to locate the original arresting officers and prove their own identity by some reliable means such as fingerprinting or DNA testing and may need to go to a court hearing to be cleared of the charges. Obtaining an expungement of court records may also be required. Authorities might permanently maintain the victim's name as an alias for the criminal's true identity in their criminal records databases. One problem that victims of criminal identity theft may encounter

2640-529: The criminal investigative section of the Bureau's Los Angeles field office, resigning in 1952. Pitchess spent a year in the private sector, taking a position as chief of security for the Richfield Oil Company , before becoming under-sheriff , reporting to sheriff Eugene Biscailuz . He was elected Sheriff in 1958 upon Biscailuz's retirement. During Pitchess' 23 years as sheriff, he eliminated

2706-552: The ease with which these hackers are accessing all kinds of information online. The new program for infecting users' computers was called Zeus , and the program is so hacker-friendly that even an inexperienced hacker can operate it. Although the hacking program is easy to use, that fact does not diminish the devastating effects that Zeus (or other software like Zeus) can do on a computer and the user. For example, programs like Zeus can steal credit card information, important documents, and even documents necessary for homeland security . If

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2772-455: The identity thief impersonates someone else to conceal their own true identity. Examples are illegal immigrants hiding their illegal status, people hiding from creditors or other individuals and those who simply want to become " anonymous " for personal reasons. Another example is posers , a label given to people who use someone else's photos and information on social networking sites. Posers mostly create believable stories involving friends of

2838-416: The impostor's personal gain. The impostor can be a family member, a friend, or even a stranger who targets children. The Social Security numbers of children are valued because they do not have any information associated with them. Thieves can establish lines of credit, obtain driver's licenses, or even buy a house using a child's identity. This fraud can go undetected for years, as most children do not discover

2904-453: The individual's credit files with the three major credit bureaus or by setting up credit report monitoring with the credit bureau. While identity theft protection/insurance services have been heavily marketed, their value has been called into question. Identity theft is a serious problem in the United States. In a 2018 study, it was reported that 60 million Americans' identities had been wrongfully acquired. In response, under advisement from

2970-425: The industry's self-regulating principles restricting access to information on credit reports. According to the industry, the restrictions vary according to the category of customer. Credit reporting agencies gather and disclose personal and credit information to a wide business client base. Poor stewardship of personal data by organizations, resulting in unauthorized access to sensitive data, can expose individuals to

3036-475: The information about every person, such as when a major data breach occurs. A U.S. Government Accountability Office study determined that "most breaches have not resulted in detected incidents of identity theft". The report also warned that "the full extent is unknown". A later unpublished study by Carnegie Mellon University noted that "Most often, the causes of identity theft is not known", but reported that someone else concluded that "the probability of becoming

3102-633: The legal system that they are the true person, leading to emotional strain and financial losses. Most identity theft is perpetrated by a family member of the victim, and some may not be able to obtain new credit cards or open new bank accounts or loans. In their May 1998 testimony before the United States Senate, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) discussed the sale of Social Security numbers and other personal identifiers by credit-raters and data miners. The FTC agreed to

3168-410: The perpetrator's actions. Personally identifiable information generally includes a person's name, date of birth, social security number, driver's license number, bank account or credit card numbers, PINs , electronic signatures , fingerprints, passwords , or any other information that can be used to access a person's financial resources. Determining the link between data breaches and identity theft

3234-428: The point of arrest, it is sometimes referred to as "Criminal Identity Theft." In some cases, criminals have previously obtained state-issued identity documents using credentials stolen from others, or have simply presented a fake ID . Provided the subterfuge works, charges may be placed under the victim's name, letting the criminal off the hook. Victims might only learn of such incidents by chance, for example by receiving

3300-679: The private sector, the purpose of the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (2000, c. 5) (known as PIPEDA) is to establish rules to govern the collection, use, and disclosure of personal information; except for the provinces of Quebec, Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia where provincial laws have been deemed substantially similar. In France, a person convicted of identity theft can be sentenced up to five years in prison and fined up to € 75,000. Under HK Laws. Chap 210 Theft Ordinance , sec. 16A Fraud: (1) If any person by any deceit (whether or not

3366-520: The problem until years later. Child identity theft is fairly common, and studies have shown that the problem is growing. The largest study on child identity theft, as reported by Richard Power of the Carnegie Mellon Cylab with data supplied by AllClear ID , found that of 40,000 children, 10.2% were victims of identity theft. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) estimates that about nine million people will be victims of identity theft in

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3432-503: The public, including airlines and hotels. The Stolen and Lost Travel Documents (SLTD) database, however, is rarely used. Big News Network (which is based in the UAE ) reported that Interpol Secretary-General Ronald K. Noble told a forum in Abu Dhabi in the previous month, "The bad news is that, despite being incredibly cost-effective and deployable to virtually anywhere in the world, only

3498-399: The real person they are imitating. Unlike identity theft used to obtain credit which usually comes to light when the debts mount, concealment may continue indefinitely without being detected, particularly if the identity thief can obtain false credentials to pass various authentication tests in everyday life. When a criminal fraudulently identifies themselves to police as another individual at

3564-564: The risk of identity theft. The Privacy Rights Clearinghouse has documented over 900 individual data breaches by US companies and government agencies since January 2005, which together have involved over 200 million total records containing sensitive personal information, many containing social security numbers. Poor corporate diligence standards which can result in data breaches include: The failure of corporate or government organizations to protect consumer privacy , client confidentiality and political privacy has been criticized for facilitating

3630-417: The risks of identity theft unless this valuable personal information is adequately secured at all times. Committing personal identifiers to memory is a sound practice that can reduce the risks of a would-be identity thief from obtaining these records. To help in remembering numbers such as social security numbers and credit card numbers, it is helpful to consider using mnemonic techniques or memory aids such as

3696-581: The sheriff's department as an alternative to establishing their own police departments. Upon Pitchess' retirement, the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors designated him as "sheriff emeritus for the rest of his life." In addition to his law enforcement work, Pitchess served on the Los Angeles County Civil Defense and Disaster Commission during the nuclear crisis in the early 1960s. The position

3762-542: The supervision of local law enforcement. The program is the result of California Assembly Bill 109, the state's "realignment plan". Inmates participating in this program are distinguished by their orange jumpers. At the completion of the 80-hour program, the facility hosts a formal graduation ceremony. Known as "SuperMax" and distinct from the North Facility mentioned previously, the North County Correctional Facility (NCCF), built in 1990,

3828-744: The taxpayer getting in trouble with the IRS. The 14039 Form to the IRS is a form that will help one fight against a theft like tax theft. This form will put the IRS on alert and someone who believed they have been a victim of tax-related theft will be given an Identity Protection Personal Identification Number (IP PIN), which is a 6 digit code used in replacing an SSN for filing tax returns. Identity thieves typically obtain and exploit personally identifiable information about individuals, or various credentials they use to authenticate themselves, to impersonate them. Examples include: The acquisition of personal identifiers

3894-572: The term medical identity theft and released the first major report about this issue in 2006. In the report, she defined the crime for the first time and made the plight of victims public. The report's definition of the crime is that medical identity theft occurs when someone seeks medical care under the identity of another person. Insurance theft is also very common, if a thief has your insurance information and or your insurance card, they can seek medical attention posing as yourself. In addition to risks of financial harm common to all forms of identity theft,

3960-414: The thief's medical history may be added to the victim's medical records . Inaccurate information in the victim's records is difficult to correct and may affect future insurability or cause doctors to rely on misinformation to deliver inappropriate care. After the publication of the report, which contained a recommendation that consumers receive notifications of medical data breach incidents, California passed

4026-513: The value of the stolen data by aggregating it with publicly available data, and sell it again for a profit, increasing the damage that can be done to the people whose data was stolen. In March 2014, after it was learned two passengers with stolen passports were on board Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 , which went missing on 8 March 2014. It came to light that Interpol maintains a database of 40 million lost and stolen travel documents from 157 countries, which Interpol makes available to governments and

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4092-446: Was a positive correlation with reputable damages. The relationship between perceived risk and online purchase intention were negative. The significance of this study reveals that online companies are more aware of the potential harm that can be done to their consumers, therefore they are searching for ways to reduce the perceived risk of consumers and not lose out on business. Victims of identity theft may face years of effort proving to

4158-455: Was coined in 1964. Since that time, the definition of identity theft has been legally defined throughout both the U.K. and the U.S. as the theft of personally identifiable information. Identity theft deliberately uses someone else's identity as a method to gain financial advantages or obtain credit and other benefits. The person whose identity has been stolen may suffer adverse consequences, especially if they are falsely held responsible for

4224-569: Was designed to house approximately 8,600 men either awaiting hearings or trial on a variety of crimes (i.e., "detention") or parole violators with sentences of up to one year ("corrections"), the two groups collectively termed "inmates". As of 1998 it was the county's largest jail complex. It is also the oldest operating jail in the county. The Municipal and Superior courthouses where Pitchess inmates are taken for hearings and trials include Van Nuys, San Fernando, Burbank, Pasadena, Newhall, Antelope Valley, Malibu, and downtown Los Angeles. Built in 1987,

4290-650: Was important because it was at the time of the peak of the cold war nuclear scare. Pitchess died at his home in Newport Beach on April 4, 1999, at the age of 87, from heart failure . He is buried in Pacific View Memorial Park in Corona del Mar , California. His name is well known as a party in a famous California legal case entitled Pitchess v. Superior Court , which entitles a defendant to obtain records of public complaints, using what

4356-540: Was the 28th sheriff of Los Angeles County, California , serving from 1958 to 1981. He is credited with modernizing the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department , turning the department into the sixth-largest police department, and the largest sheriff's department, in the United States. Pitchess was born in Salt Lake City , Utah. He was orphaned as a child, and attended Bingham High School in Bingham, Utah . He received his Bachelor of Science degree from

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