The Picunche (a Mapudungun word meaning "North People"), also referred to as picones by the Spanish, were a Mapudungun-speaking people living to the north of the Mapuches or Araucanians (a name given to those Mapuche living between the Itata and Toltén rivers) and south of the Choapa River and the Diaguitas . Until the Conquest of Chile the Itata was the natural limit between the Mapuche , located to the south, and Picunche, to the north. During the Inca attempt to conquer Chile the southern Picunche peoples that successfully resisted them were later known as the Promaucaes .
18-899: The Picunche living north of the Promaucaes were called Quillotanes (those living in the Aconcagua River valley north to the Choapa) and Mapochoes (those living in the Maipo River basin) by the Spanish, and were part of the Inca Empire at the time when the first Spaniards arrived in Chile. Among the peoples the Spanish called the Promaucaes, the people of the Rapel River valley were particularly called by this name by
36-553: A course of about 142 kilometres (88 mi), and its waters irrigate the most populous sections of the Chilean provinces of San Felipe de Aconcagua and Los Andes , being the most important economic resource of those regions. During the course of the Aconcagua river, it receives contributions from many others rivers and swamps, reaching a mean flow of 39 cubic metres per second (1,400 cu ft/s). The Aconcagua River valley
54-535: A general population decline and having been absorbed into the general Chilean population during the colonial period. The indigenous Picunche disappeared by a process of mestizaje by gradually abandoning their villages ( pueblo de indios ) to settle in nearby Spanish haciendas. There Picunches mingled with disparate indigenous peoples brought in from Araucanía ( Mapuche ), Chiloé ( Huilliche , Cunco , Chono , Poyas ) and Cuyo ( Huarpe ). Few in numbers, disconnected from their ancestral lands and diluted by mestizaje
72-599: A trans-oceanic rest stop for fishing ships, sea cruise-liners, and international naval ships. Therefore, a large proportion of residents have a variety of national origins, ethnic groups, and cultures. The 16th-century colonial population was founded by male settlers from the Spanish regions of Andalusia , Asturia and León , and the large Basque contingent has given rise to a substantial Basque Chilean population. Large numbers came from other countries of Latin America from Mexico to Uruguay, esp. came during colonial rule in
90-667: Is a river in Chile that rises from the conflux of two minor tributary rivers at 1,430 metres (4,690 ft) above sea level in the Andes , Juncal River from the east (which rise in the Nevado Juncal ) and Blanco River from the south east. The Aconcagua river flows westward through the broad Aconcagua valley and enters the Pacific Ocean near the city of Concon, 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Valparaíso . The river has
108-526: Is located in Concón (on the mouth of the Aconcagua River and about 20 km (12 mi) north of Valparaíso) and there are two important copper ore refineries: the state-owned Ventanas (on the coast and north of Concón) and the private works in Chagres , about 55 mi (89 km) inland. The region also is a hub for chemicals and gas storage near the port of Quintero . In the interior valleys, there
126-872: Is on the same latitude as the Santiago Metropolitan Region . Its capital is Valparaíso , which is the site for the National Congress of Chile and an important commercial port. Also in this region is the top resort city of Viña del Mar . Additionally, the Pacific islands of Easter Island , Isla Salas y Gómez , the Juan Fernández Islands and the Desventuradas Islands fall under the Valparaíso Region's administration. The Valparaíso Region
144-414: Is one of Chile 's 16 first order administrative divisions . With the country's second-highest population of 1,790,219 as of 2017 , and fourth-smallest area of 16,396.1 km (6,331 sq mi), the region is Chile's second most densely populated after the Santiago Metropolitan Region to the southeast. The region also includes Chile's remote islands of the Pacific Ocean , including Rapa Nui and
162-440: Is part of the very restricted range of the endangered Chilean wine palm ( Jubaea chilensis ); in prehistoric times, this endemic Chilean tree had a significantly larger range. The Valparaíso Region is populated by 1.71 million inhabitants. The population density reached 94.1 inhabitants/km . 91.6% of the population lives in urban areas and only 8.4% of the population lives in rural areas. The most populous municipalities in
180-495: The Juan Fernandez Islands . Its capital is the port city of Valparaíso ; other important cities include Viña del Mar , Quillota , San Felipe , Quilpué , Villa Alemana , and San Antonio . As a region, Valparaíso is a first-level administrative division. Since 2021, the region is governed by the governor, who is elected by popular vote. The current governor is Rodrigo Mundaca ( Broad Front ). The region
198-554: The 17th century. And in the late 18th–early 19th centuries came a small wave of Galician settlers from the Spanish region of Galicia . It is thought the majority of Valparaíso's people have some non-Spanish European background , such as: British and Irish, Australians and New Zealanders, North Americans (U.S. or Canadian), Croats and Bosnians, Dutch and Belgians, French, Germans, Greeks, Italians, Portuguese and Scandinavians. Also, there are more or less assimilated groups of Chilean Jews (mostly Ashkenazi) , as well as Christians from
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#1732771789301216-665: The Ottoman Empire , primarily Syro-Lebanese and a large Palestinian community in the town of La Calera . In racial terms, the majority of Valparaíso's inhabitants are castizos , meaning that their paternal origins are overwhelmingly from white whalers, settlers and traders of various European nationalities, including colonial Spanish settlers, while their maternal origins usually stems from unions between colonial Spanish men and local indigenous women, including those of Mapuche , Inca , Aymara and North American Indian descent (transplanted Cherokees are reported to come in
234-547: The Picunche and their descendants lost their indigenous identity. The Picunches' primary crops consisted of corn and potatoes, and they lived in thatched-roof adobe houses. This article related to an ethnic group in South America is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Chile -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Aconcagua River The Aconcagua River
252-745: The Spanish. Those of the Mataquito River valley were called the Cures . The people in the Maule River valley and to the south were distinguished as Maules and those to the south of the Maules and north of the Itata were known as Cauqui by the Inca and Cauquenes by the Spanish and that gave their name to Cauquenes River . They did not survive as a separate society into the present day, because of
270-587: The beginning of the river, in Chilean territory. The invasive plant species Limnobium laevigatum is present in the river. 32°54′54″S 71°30′30″W / 32.91500°S 71.50833°W / -32.91500; -71.50833 This Valparaíso Region location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in Chile is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Valpara%C3%ADso Region The Valparaíso Region (Spanish: Región de Valparaíso , pronounced [balpaɾaˈiso] )
288-579: The late 19th century, though it could well be a myth). Smaller numbers of East Asians , mostly Chinese , Japanese or Korean , minuscule numbers of Afro-Chileans , as well as a component of Polynesians whose ancestors were kidnapped from Easter Island and the Marquesas Islands , further added to the region's Hispanicized melting pot . The Valparaíso Region is a host of agricultural lands, wine producers, and industrial activity such as copper mining and cement. Chile's largest oil refinery
306-498: The region are Valparaíso, with 308,000 inhabitants and Viña del Mar , with 287,000 inhabitants, which together with Villa Alemana , Quilpué and Concón form the Greater Valparaíso , a continuum of 1.75 million people. There are also Quillota , with about 201,000 inhabitants and San Antonio with more than 200,000 inhabitants with estimates at 250,000 to be the region's second-largest city. Valparaíso developed as
324-546: Was used as the route of the Transandine Railway on the Chilean side. The river flows alongside Chile Route 5 from Llaillay to La Calera . For much of their lengths, the two separate stretches of Chile Route 60 follow the course of the river. Although it has the same name, the Aconcagua river does not rise in the slopes of Aconcagua , which is entirely in Argentina about 20 kilometres (12 mi) from
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