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30-556: Pierre Perrault OQ (29 June 1927 – 23 June 1999) was a Canadian documentary film director with the National Film Board of Canada . Over his 40-year career, he directed 32 films and was one of Canada's most important filmmakers, although he is largely unknown outside of Québec. Perrault was born and raised in Montreal, the son of a prosperous lumber merchant, and attended the most prestigious private schools in

60-524: A Canadian citizen in 1981. After teaching at the Université de Montréal he left the university to focus on film-making, radio and writing. From his first marriage Lafond has two daughters, as well as two grandchildren. With his current wife, former Governor General Michaëlle Jean , he has an adopted daughter. When in 2005 his wife was nominated by Prime Minister Paul Martin as the next Governor General, controversy arose when his past resurfaced. While

90-439: A Grand Officer consists of two 18 kt gold plates, in the shape of a cross formed by two 60 millimetres (2.4 in) by 40 millimetres (1.6 in) arms, symmetrically superimposed atop one another 4 mm apart, the obverse face a high-polish , rusticated surface; at the lower left corner is a white enamel fleur-de-lis . On the reverse of the badge is inscribed the order's motto— Honneur au peuple du Québec (homage to

120-693: A Member of the National Assembly of Quebec , is eligible to be nominated and names may be submitted posthumously. The Cabinet may also, without the input of the Council of the National Order of Quebec, put forward the names of non-Quebecers for appointment as honorary members. Promotion through the grades is possible for both substantive and honorary members. Admission recognizes conspicuous meritorious actions that improve or support Quebec and/or its language and culture. Upon admission into

150-545: A daily Radio Canada series about folk music. By then, he had married archaeologist Yolande Simard, who was from the Charlevoix region, on the north shore of the St. Lawrence River . In 1956, with French folk singer Jacques Douai, the couple traveled through Charlevoix, interviewing locals and recording their music. These interviews and recordings became the basis of his weekly radio series, Au pays de Neufve-France which, in turn,

180-477: A documentary about American political activist, David Belfield , who has admitted to assassinating an Iranian diplomat in 1980 also stirred controversy. The National Post asserted that the film was too sympathetic to the activist. In 2010, he was made a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts . As the consort of the then Governor General, in 2005 he was appointed a Companion of

210-583: A formal letter announcing she and her husband "had never adhered to a political party or to the sovereigntist ideology". Confusion continues to surround his loyalties. In his book, La manière nègre (The Black Way), he wrote, "So, a sovereign Quebec? An independent Quebec? Yes, and I applaud with both hands and I promise to be at all the St. Jean [Baptiste] parades." However, in October 2005, in an interview with Radio-Canada he said, "I never believed that I could become

240-417: A separatist. I have a great deal of difficulty with nationalism in general." He also called members of the sovereigntist movement who had called him a traitor, terrorists . At the same time he affirmed that he was a Québécois before a Canadian. He believes that he has always fought for the "cultural independence" of Quebec, but nothing further. Lafond's 2006 film American Fugitive: The Truth About Hassan ,

270-462: A symmetrically placed, etched cross with arms 30 millimetres (1.2 in) long by 20 millimetres (0.79 in) wide and filled with a highly polished, rusticated surface; a gold fleur-de-lis is mounted at the lower, left side of the cross. Each member will also receive miniature versions of their insignia, identical in appearance save for size: those for all grades being 18 millimetres (0.71 in) wide in each direction or in circumference. A lapel pin

300-411: A unique 'cinema of speech' that has 'spoken' about Quebec, its land and its people, and that has been at once witness of its past and often prophecy of its future. His approach involves close collaboration with his cinematographers ( Michel Brault and Bernard Gosselin , who often co-direct), direct involvement with the people or events, and later, a careful construction of scenes in the editing room. From

330-400: Is also used for wear on casual civilian clothing. Male members wear their emblems suspended from a 38 millimetres (1.5 in) wide ribbon, at the collar for Grand Officers and Officers, and on a vertical ribbon on a medal bar on the left chest for Knights; women Grand Officers and Officers wear their insignia on a ribbon bow pinned at the left shoulder, and female Knights carry their medals in

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360-750: The Crown in Right of Quebec and must be returned upon a holder's cessation of membership in the society, whether by death or dismissal. The following are some notable appointees into the National Order of Quebec: Jean-Daniel Lafond Lafond was born in France during the liberation of Paris from the Nazis. After attending the class of Michel Foucault and Michel Serres , he taught philosophy from 1971 "while pursuing research in audio-visual training and communications". In 1974 Lafond left France for Quebec and became

390-630: The Order of Quebec , is an order of merit in Quebec . Instituted in 1984 when Lieutenant Governor Jean-Pierre Côté granted royal assent to the Loi sur l'Ordre national du Québec (National Order of Quebec Act), the order is administered by the Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Quebec residents for conspicuous achievements in any field, being thus described as

420-400: The 1960s and early 1970s (on Pour la suite du monde , Le règne du jour , Les voitures d'eau and L'Acadie L'Acadie?! ) through his later films on Abitibi and First Nations people, he expressed the concept of 'ethnic class' that some feel avoids more basic issues, even though it gave voice to long-buried cultural aspirations." Perrault's life and work were analyzed by Jean-Daniel Lafond in

450-575: The 1986 documentary Dream Tracks (Les Traces du rêve) . The Rendez-vous Québec Cinéma film festival has established the Prix Pierre et Yolande Perrault for Best Documentary. Perrault’s papers are held in the Pierre Perrault Archives at Université Laval . All National Film Board of Canada Winter Crossing at L'Isle-Aux-Coudres (1960) Pour la suite du monde (1963) Acadia Acadia?!? (1971) Oumigmag or

480-587: The English versions of his work for the rest of his career. Crawley and her husband, Budge Crawley owned a film production company which employed the French director René Bonnière . Perrault and Bonnière came up with the idea of turning the Charlevoix interviews and recordings, and the resultant radio show scripts, into documentary shorts. From 1960 to 1963, the two would create 14 films, 13 of which would become

510-656: The Fickle Art of Documentary Filmmaking (1993) Icewarrior (1996) Most of Perrault’s writings were adapted from his radio programs and films. The poems in his first two books of poetry, Portulan and Ballades du temps précieux were adapted from his radio scripts. Many of the prose poems in Toutes Isles: chroniques de terre et de mer , and the poems in En déspesoir de cause: poèms de circonstances atténuantes were from his films. Works from these three collections formed

540-695: The NFB (and CBC ) series St. Lawrence North . After his next film for the NFB, the critically acclaimed Pour la suite du monde Perrault became a full-time employee of the NFB in 1965. He went on to create another 16 films, most relating to Quebec's culture, society and environment. He retired in 1996 and died three years later, survived by his wife Yolande Simard Perrault (1928-2019) and their two children. Canadian film historian Peter Morris wrote this about Perrault in his 1984 book The Film Companion : "The most famous direct cinema filmmaker in Quebec, who developed

570-482: The National Order of Quebec are sought in Quebec's daily and weekly media publications and are directed to the Council of the National Order of Quebec, elected by and amongst the members of the order for a period of three years and headed by a president elected by the council for two years. This body is mandated to short-list candidates and forward their suggestions to the Governor-in-Council . Any person born, living, or who has lived in Quebec, save for anyone serving as

600-597: The Order of Quebec, members are presented with various insignia of the organization—a medallion, miniature, and button. All are administered by the Regulations for the Insignia of the National Order of Quebec and were designed by Madeleine Dansereau , who was inspired by the heraldic elements of the provincial flag , notably the colours of blue and white used on the order's ribbon and the fleur-de-lis . The badge of

630-421: The basis of Chouennes: poems, 1961–71 . Perrault’s books of prose writing, Le Mal du nord and Nous autres icitte à l’île , included writings by Jacques Cartier and other explorers, as well as oral histories of the people Perrault had interviewed over the years. He published three volumes of poetry in the late 1990s— Jusqu’à plus oultre… , Irréconciliabules and La visage humain d’un fleuve sans estuaire , and

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660-469: The city. Due to rebellious behaviour, he was expelled from Collège de Montréal , and Collège André-Grasset before graduating from Collège Sainte-Marie de Montréal . While there, with Hubert Aquin and Marcel Dubé , he founded the student journal Cahiers d’Arlequin, in which he published his first play, Pierre en vrac . In 1948, he entered the Université de Montréal Law School, where he was editor of

690-457: The highest honour in Quebec. In 1986, the order was expanded to include honorary membership for people outside Quebec. Although the National Order of Quebec was established with the granting of royal assent by Quebec's lieutenant governor and the Canadian sovereign is the fount of honour , the viceroy does not, as in other provinces, form an explicit part of the organization. Instead,

720-453: The monarch's representative is related to the order only by virtue of his or her place in council , collectively termed the government of Quebec , to which the constitution of the Order of Quebec makes specific reference. The order contains three grades, each with accordant post-nominal letters and place in the Canadian order of precedence for honours, decorations, and medals . They are, in descending hierarchical order: Nominations to

750-741: The notes he had compiled for a book he was writing about the St Lawrence River, Partismes , were published posthumously in 2001. The notes he kept about the city of Montreal, and interviews he had done with Montrealers, were published in 2009 as J'habite une ville . Two other posthumously-published books are from dozens of interviews with Perrault conducted by the film scholar Simone Suchet. National Order of Quebec The National Order of Quebec , termed officially in French as l'Ordre national du Québec , and in English abbreviation as

780-417: The people of Quebec)—and a serial number at the base of the vertical bar. The badge for Officers is of a nearly identical design, but made of arms 50 millimetres (2.0 in) long by 25 millimetres (0.98 in) wide, the obverse plate in 18k gold with an applied gold fleur-de-lis, and the rear in sterling silver . Knights have a medal with a 40 millimetres (1.6 in) diameter, brushed silver medallion with

810-509: The personality of Michaëlle Jean was mostly accepted throughout Canada, Lafond himself had early on been suspected of being a Quebec separatist because of some of his movies. When an article in a sovereigntist journal made its way to the press, alleging that Lafond had befriended a former FLQ (militant Quebec-separatist organization) member who had built for him a cache "to hide weapons" in his library. Later in August, his wife reacted to this in

840-790: The same fashion as the men. The ribbon for miniatures is 18 millimetres (0.71 in) wide. The regulations of the National Order of Quebec stipulate that the premier presents new inductees with their insignia, either on the National Holiday of Quebec or another day during the National Week. The ceremony takes place in the Salon Rouge of the parliament building in Quebec City , though exceptions are sometimes made when inductees cannot be present (notably for some non-Quebecer appointments). The insignia remain property of

870-488: The student journal and won three hockey championships. From there, he studied the history of law at the University of Paris and international law at the University of Toronto . He was called to the bar in 1954 but he had already realized that the law was not his calling. In 1955, Perrault began writing a weekly radio show at Radio Canada . In 1956, he permanently left the law and began writing for Le chant des hommes ,

900-419: Was the inspiration for a CBC television series of the same name. On that trip through Charlevoix, Perrault had met many artists and artisans, and he pitched the National Film Board of Canada (NFB) on the idea of doing a film about them. The result, Master Artisans of Canada , was Perrault's first film, and it would introduce Perrault to the director, producer and cinematographer Judith Crawley , who handled

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