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26-530: Pindwara is a municipality and tehsil located, nearby Sirohi city in Sirohi District in the Indian state of Rajasthan . Pindwara is one of main financial city of Sirohi district after Abu Road . As of 2011, the population of Pindwara is 24,487. It is located 435 km (270 mi) southwest of the state capital, Jaipur , between Aravalli Hills and plains of Marwar region. The city used to be

52-456: A governmental area or by their governmental representatives. Special districts possess some form of civil office , that is, the board has received a delegation of sovereign power from the state. Some boards may be appointed by only landowners. Private entities may appoint some or all of the members of a special district; however, there must be evidence of civil office. In addition to special districts with privately appointed boards,

78-554: A major area of marble and stone carving in India for a long time. It is common belief that if there is any construction of temple work all over the world, it could not complete without involvement of Pindwara artisan. This is proved by this fact that marble carvings of major temples of India like Akshardham temple network, Shri Ram temple Ayodhya are being carried out in the city. Nearest airports are Udaipur (100 km [62 mi]) and Ahmedabad (230 km [140 mi]). It

104-400: A municipality has jurisdiction may encompass: Powers of municipalities range from virtual autonomy to complete subordination to the state . Municipalities may have the right to tax individuals and corporations with income tax , property tax , and corporate income tax , but may also receive substantial funding from the state. In some European countries, such as Germany, municipalities have

130-426: A special district government, rather than as a subordinate agency, an entity must possess three attributes—existence as an organized entity, governmental character, and substantial autonomy. Each state description also lists various statutory authorities, commissions, corporations, and other forms of organizations that have certain governmental characteristics, but are subject by law to administrative or fiscal control by

156-451: A special district may have a privately founded board; however, such a board could not be given the power to set a tax. There is a citizen-government fiscal accountability relationship. To maintain accountability for special districts, states must maintain ultimate control (the power to repeal the authorizing law at any time). Due to public foundation and, thus, ultimate control, the state can freely delegate sovereign power (such as

182-461: Is at 24°47′40″N 73°03′18″E  /  24.7945°N 73.055°E  / 24.7945; 73.055 . It has an average elevation of 372 metres (1,220 ft). The city is situated in the lap of the Aravallis and is known for the high mountain ranges of the Aravallis. It is about 100 km (62 mi) from Udaipur and 240 km (150 mi) from Ahmedabad. The history of this city

208-493: Is connected by RSRTC and GSRTC operated buses to all parts of Rajasthan , and Indian cities of Ahmedabad , New Delhi And Mumbai . It also have railway connectivity with Chennai , Bangalore , Puri , Hyderabad , Mysuru , Agra , Haridwar , Gwalior , Kolkata , Mumbai , etc. Pindwara is located at 24°47′40″N 73°03′18″E  /  24.7945°N 73.055°E  / 24.7945; 73.055 . It has an average elevation of 372 m (1,220 ft). Pindwara

234-535: Is studied from the history of Sirohi. The region falls in the Sirohi kingdom and was ruled in the 14th century by Rao Devraj who belongs to the "Chouhan clan" of the Rajputana clan. According to the 2011 Census of India , Pindwara had a population of 24,487. Males constituted 52.40% of the population and females 47.60%. Pindwara had an average literacy rate of 75.98%, higher than the state average of 66.11%. 88.86% of

260-467: Is subordinate. The term municipality may also mean the governing body of a given municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district . The English word is derived from French municipalité , which in turn derives from the Latin municipalis , based on the word for social contract ( municipium ), referring originally to

286-606: The Incorporated Guardians of the Poor, which were created by special acts in the 17th century. Turnpike trusts were an early and popular special purpose authority in England. Internal drainage boards are current examples in parts of England and Wales. The state of Illinois leads the nation in the number of special districts with California close behind. State counts of their special districts may differ from

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312-621: The Latin communities that supplied Rome with troops in exchange for their own incorporation into the Roman state (granting Roman citizenship to the inhabitants) while permitting the communities to retain their own local governments (a limited autonomy). A municipality can be any political jurisdiction , from a sovereign state such as the Principality of Monaco , to a small village such as West Hampton Dunes, New York . The territory over which

338-632: The Spanish term ayuntamiento , referring to a municipality's administration building, is extended via synecdoche to denote the municipality itself. In Moldova and Romania , both municipalities ( municipiu ; urban administrative units) and communes ( comună ; rural units) exist, and a commune may be part of a municipality. In many countries, comparable entities may exist with various names. Special district (United States) The United States Census counts government units across all States. This includes "special districts". To count

364-653: The United States are founded by some level of government in accordance with state law (either constitutional amendment, general law, or special acts) and exist in all states. Special districts are legally separate entities with at least some corporate powers. Districts are created by legislative action, court action, or public referendum . The procedures for creating a special district may include procedures such as petitions , hearings, voter or landowner approval, or government approval. Tribal governments may create special districts pursuant to state law and may serve on

390-538: The United States follow the English custom. The earliest known general law in England authorizing special purpose authorities was the Statute of Sewers of 1532. Single purpose authorities created by individual charters also existed at the time. However, the early authorities were temporary and unconnected to local government structure. The first laws authorizing permanent authorities connected to local governments were

416-1043: The board. The board of a special district serves primarily as a managing board and often appoints a chief executive for day-to-day operations and decision making and policy implementation. In the New England states, special districts are often run in the same town meeting fashion as other local governments. Most districts have employees, but some districts exist solely to raise funds by issuing bonds and/or by providing tax increment financing . Special districts perform many functions including airports , ports , highways , mass transit , parking facilities , fire protection , libraries , parks , cemeteries , hospitals , irrigation , conservation , sewerage , wastewater treatment , solid waste , fiber optic systems , stadiums , water supply , electric power , and natural gas utility . Special districts are authorized by state law and must have public foundation, civil office , and public accountability . Special districts in

442-403: The boards of special districts. Special districts, like all public entities, have public foundation. The landmark case of the U.S. Supreme Court addressing public versus private charters was Dartmouth College v. Woodward in 1819. Dartmouth established the fundamental differences between public and private organizations. Critically, a government must be founded by all of the people of

468-479: The community living in the area and the common interest. These include terms: The same terms "Gemeente" (Dutch) or "Gemeinde" (German) may be used for church congregations or parishes, for example, in the German and Dutch Protestant churches. In Greece, the word Δήμος ( demos ) is used, also meaning 'community'; the word is known in English from the compound democracy (rule of the people). In some countries,

494-400: The constitutional right to supply public services through municipally-owned public utility companies . Terms cognate with "municipality", mostly referring to territory or political structure, are Spanish municipio (Spain) and municipalidad (Chile), Catalan municipi , Portuguese município . In many countries, terms cognate with "commune" are used, referring to

520-746: The less conspicuous tasks of mosquito abatement and upkeep of cemeteries. The Census Bureau classification of special district governments covers a wide variety of entities, most of which are officially called districts or authorities. Not all public agencies so termed, however, represent separate governments. Many entities that carry the designation "district" or "authority" are, by law, so closely related to county, municipal, town or township, or state governments that they are classified as subordinate agencies of those governments in Census Bureau statistics on governments, and are not counted as separate special district governments. In order to be classified as

546-635: The local steppe climate. The warmest month of the year is May, with an average temperature of 32.7 °C (90.9 °F). The lowest average temperatures in the year occur in January, when it is around 17.5 °C (63.5 °F). The average annual temperature in Pindwara is 25.5 °C (77.9 °F). Municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it

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572-462: The males and 61.84% of females were literate. 13.93% of the population is under 6 years of age. Pindwara was the most populous tehsil in Sirohi district with a population of 2,61,789 and controlling over 107 villages. The religious population of Pindwara was 88.56% Hindu , 7.55% Muslim , 0.08% Sikhs , 3.68% Jain , 0.05% Christians , and 0.03% did not answer. Source: Pindwara is influenced by

598-538: The power to tax) to special districts and can allow them to act autonomously with little supervision. There is little information available on the earliest special districts in the United States. It is known that park districts existed in the 18th century. Toll road and canal corporations existed in the 19th century. The first general statute authorizing irrigation districts was adopted by California in 1887. The U.S. Census Bureau began identifying and collecting data on special districts in 1942. Special districts in

624-582: The special districts the Census must define the special districts so as to address all such governmental entities across the broad spectrum of 50 states' definitions and interpretations. The Census's full definition is: Special district governments are independent, special purpose governmental units, other than school district governments, that exist as separate entities with substantial administrative and fiscal independence from general purpose local governments. As defined for Census Bureau statistics on governments,

650-620: The state or by independent local governments; therefore, they are classified as subordinate agencies of those governments. Special districts serve limited areas and have governing boards that accomplish legislatively assigned functions using public funds . Each district is governed by a board of directors , commissioners , board of supervisors , or the like. These boards may be appointed by public officials , appointed by private entities, popularly elected, or elected by benefited citizens (typically, property owners). Sometimes, one or more public officials will serve as an ex officio member on

676-518: The term "special district governments" excludes school district governments as they are defined as a separate governmental type. Special district governments provide specific services that are not being supplied by existing general purpose governments. Most perform a single function, but in some instances, their enabling legislation allows them to provide several, usually related, types of services. The services provided by these districts range from such basic social needs as hospitals and fire protection, to

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