62-516: Download coordinates as: Pinkenba ( / ˌ p ɪ ŋ k ə n ˈ b ɑː / PING -kən- BAH ) is a town and eastern coastal suburb within the City of Brisbane , Queensland , Australia. In the 2021 census , Pinkenba had a population of 350 people. Pinkenba is a long narrow strip of land on the northern side of the Brisbane River , facing Moreton Bay , 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from
124-746: A bitumen plant, a lubricants and grease manufacturing facility, several warehouses and a fuel storage unit. There are no schools in Pinkenba. The nearest government primary school is Hamilton State School in Hamilton to the south-west. The nearest government secondary school is Aviation State High School in Hendra to the west. Pinkenba Post Office is at 46-48 McBride Road ( 27°25′19″S 153°07′08″E / 27.4219°S 153.1188°E / -27.4219; 153.1188 ( Pinkenba Post Office ) ). Luggage Point Wastewater Treatment Plant
186-674: A characteristic veranda that extends around the house to varying extents but never entirely surrounds it. In later years, many have been renovated to enclose part or all of these verandas to create extra bedrooms. The under-house area is often also enclosed to provide extra living area to these houses, which leads to the common misconception that an authentic Queenslander has two storeys. The term has evolved to apply to many different types of structures found in Queensland, such as churches. The many and varied styles all share similar features, such as prominent exterior staircases, gabled roofs , and
248-467: A combined land and home package. These newer homes are usually made with a timber or metal frame, but with a brick veneer . The Queenslander, a "type" rather than a "style", is defined primarily by architectural characteristics of climate-consideration. They have been constructed in the popular styles of the time, including Colonial , Victorian , Federation , Arts and Crafts / Art Nouveau , Interwar styles, and post-World War II styles. The Queenslander
310-718: A process to formally define their boundaries and to gazette them, which is almost complete. In March 2006, only South Australia and the Northern Territory had not completed this process. The CGNA's Gazetteer of Australia recognises two types of locality: bounded and unbounded. Bounded localities include towns, villages, populated places, local government towns and unpopulated town sites, while unbounded localities include place names, road corners and bends, corners, meteorological stations, ocean place names and surfing spots. Sometimes, both localities and suburbs are referred to collectively as "address localities". In
372-559: A spur line was built from Pinkenba to the wharf, to facilitate the movement of goods. In 1909, a separate railway wharf was constructed. Pinkenba Wharf was the point of embarkation for many World War I soldiers. The Pinkenba & District War Memorial commemorates those from the district who served and died in the war. The memorial was unveiled on 16 August 1919 by the Queensland Governor , Sir Hamilton Goold-Adams . Pinkenba Presbyterian Church opened in 1915. In 1969, it
434-459: A variety of innovative methods, including fanlights , ceiling roses , and alignment of doors and windows to allow uninterrupted air flow. The veranda is the most typical inclusion in the plan, and can be used day and night as a semiexternal living space. In Brisbane, many people have tables and chairs for dining and a daybed or sleepout on their verandas. Whirly birds placed on roofs allow for hot air to be drawn out of ceiling spaces. The roof
496-662: A “Queensland phenomenon.” There were some other timber companies in Queensland that had also adopted the concept of ready to build homes. Owing to their simplicity of construction, standardised designs were produced through the 1920s and 1930s. Despite these advantages, tastes changed and the style fell out of favour after the Second World War . The need for cheaper homes first had large verandas reduced to small landings. Subsequently, internal walls were no longer made of timber and were made of fibreboards, such as asbestos sheeting or fibre/gypsum panels. Additionally, after
558-554: Is a large and visible presence externally, and was traditionally steeply pitched. They are of varied materials, including slate and tiles, but are most characteristically sheeted with corrugated steel. The steel roofs could withstand torrential rains and be reused if damaged by cyclonic winds. Typically, the Queenslander is suited to the warm temperate climates and the subtropical climate of Queensland of high rainfall and mild to hot, humid climate with average summer temperatures in
620-469: Is a sewage treatment plant ( 27°22′47″S 153°09′02″E / 27.3797°S 153.1505°E / -27.3797; 153.1505 ( Luggae Point sewage treatment plant ) ). Bulwer Island Power Station generates electricity from gas ( 27°24′17″S 153°08′06″E / 27.4048°S 153.1349°E / -27.4048; 153.1349 ( Bulwer Island power station ) ). Numerous development projects have been proposed for
682-408: Is also found in the northern parts of the adjacent state of New South Wales , and shares many traits with architecture in other states of Australia, but is distinct and unique. The form of the typical Queenslander-style residence distinguishes Brisbane's suburbs from other capital cities. The Queenslander is considered Australia's most iconic architectural style. This style developed in the 1840s and
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#1732773027059744-518: Is an opportunity to give the community visual and or pedestrian access back to waterfronts as the density rises in their neighbourhood. Queenslander highrise practice gives architects ways to blend and celebrate undercrofts with lace and balustrade detailing. As white ant ( termites ) pose a serious problem in Queensland to timber dwellings, Queenslander buildings have stump caps (also known as ant caps ). These are metal plates placed on top of each stump shaped to make it difficult for white ants to reach
806-416: Is in the centre of the suburb ( 27°24′35″S 153°08′11″E / 27.4097°S 153.1363°E / -27.4097; 153.1363 ( Bulwer Island (neighbourhood) ) ). The former suburb of Meeandah , now a neighbourhood, is located ( 27°25′47″S 153°06′25″E / 27.4297°S 153.1069°E / -27.4297; 153.1069 ( Meeandah (neighbourhood) ) ) at
868-532: Is no longer extant; its land is now part of the Brisbane Airport, just south of Qantas Hangar 3's carpark. Qantas selected Pinkenba for its flying boat base in the 1930s. Until World War II , the other flying boat base, at Hamilton Reach , was too congested, but the Qantas base eventually moved upstream, providing better access for passengers. During the war, a Royal Australian Navy Defence Station
930-456: Is popularly thought of as an "old" house, although Queenslanders are constructed today using modern styles, as well as "reproductions" of previous styles. Ashgrovian is the term coined for a variation of the Queenslander built between the late 1920s and World War II in the suburb of Ashgrove in Brisbane. The term Ashgrovian was coined from the prolific number of these dwellings constructed in
992-475: Is split between the City of Newcastle and City of Lake Macquarie LGAs; and Woodville , which is split between the City of Maitland and Port Stephens Council LGAs. In unincorporated areas , localities are declared by the relevant state authority. Stump-capping ceremony Queenslander architecture is a modern term for a type of residential housing, widespread in Queensland , Australia . It
1054-413: Is still constructed today, displaying an evolution of local style. The term is primarily applied to residential construction, although some commercial and other types of construction are identified as Queenslander. The quintessential Queenslander is a single detached house made of timber with a corrugated iron roof located on a separate block of land. They are all high-set, single-storey dwellings with
1116-486: Is the defining characteristic of the Queenslander type. The raising of the main living spaces off the ground can be seen as both a stylistic and practical device. There are many potential benefits and each home owner would have their own reasons for raising the house. The vertical "stumps", initially of timber, allow the building to "float" above the terrain. The building has a more imposing aesthetic when raised. Queenslanders all have this underfloor area that can used to cool
1178-492: The 2016 census , Pinkenba had a population of 368 people. In the 2021 census , Pinkenba had a population of 350 people. Pinkenba has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: Pinkenba is the site of BP 's Bulwer Island Refinery (an import terminal since 2015), and Shell 's Pinkenba Terminal. In 2011, Shell's operations at Bulwer Island were expanded, with the opening of a new bitumen and marine fuel import facility. Shell facilities include its Queensland state office,
1240-681: The Brisbane central business district . The area is spatially isolated from other residential suburbs and is bounded by the Brisbane Airport to west, Moreton Bay to the north, and the Brisbane River to the east. The neighbourhood of Myrtletown is at the northern end of the suburb of Pinkenba ( 27°23′31″S 153°08′01″E / 27.3919°S 153.1336°E / -27.3919; 153.1336 ( Myrtletown (neighbourhood) ) ). The neighbourhood of Bulwer Island
1302-472: The interwar period and was an adaptation of the Bungalow style which was popular in the early parts of the 20th century. Extremely popular with middle-income earners, these dwellings were almost always fronted with a grand gable roof, often surrounded by secondary smaller gables behind. The smaller gables usually sheltered verandas and sleepouts. A staircase almost always dominated the front yard leading to
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#17327730270591364-415: The 186-mile (299 km) pipeline to Brisbane was not completed until the following year. Bulwer Island Oil Refinery commenced with a major land reclamation project on Bulwer Island in the Brisbane River , which was then a tidal mangrove swamp . Over 2,000,000 cubic metres (71,000,000 cu ft) of material was dredged from the bed of Brisbane River to connect the island with the northern bank of
1426-590: The British Secretary of State for the Colonies , separated Queensland from New South Wales in 1859. As the name suggests, it was originally an island in the Brisbane River which became permanently attached to the mainland through a land reclamation project in the 1960s. Boggy Creek State School opened on 22 February 1875. It was renamed Myrtle State School in 1888. In 1900, it was renamed Pinkenba State School. With student numbers falling to 6 students,
1488-631: The Cluya Road area ( 27°24′51″S 153°07′31″E / 27.4142°S 153.1254°E / -27.4142; 153.1254 ( The Port Brisbane Estate ) ). In 1902, a Baptist church opened in Pinkenba. Prior to the opening of the church, the Baptist congregation met in Harris's Hall. A stump-capping ceremony for the new church was held on Monday 11 November 1901. The church officially opened on New Year's Day, 1 January 1902. In 1902,
1550-501: The area sprayed with insecticide in advance of her visit (which are no longer extant). The memorial was designed sculptor Rod Shaw of Narrabeen , Sydney . The bas relief monement reflects the cooperation between the United States and Australia in the search for oil though the imagery of oil workers handling a drill bit with flags of the two countries in the background. Although significant oil deposits had been found at Moonie,
1612-539: The area, including residential developments and an immigration detention centre . Pinkenba has a historical trail, which was designed on behalf of the Pinkenba Community Association and the Port of Brisbane with help from Brisbane City Council Neighbourhood planning team. More work has still to be done over the next ten years, involving the beautification of Pinkenba, with the first part being
1674-461: The boundaries of localities and suburbs. This Australian usage of the term "suburb" differs from common American and British usage, where it typically means a smaller, frequently separate residential community outside, but close to, a larger city. The Australian usage is closer to the American or British use of "district" or "neighbourhood", and can be used to refer to any portion of a city. Unlike
1736-483: The building through ventilation , however this feature will only cool the house under specific conditions more common in northern Queensland climates. Many Queenslanders are actually hotter due to this feature. Raising was often used as protection for houses in flood prone areas. Many colonial settlements were on flood planes to make use of the fertile soil, however the risk of flooding was much higher, especially before large dams were built. Raising allows for protection of
1798-403: The cool, dark spaces beneath the building. The underfloor area was sometimes decoratively screened at the perimeter with timber battens . There was also an antiquated belief (Miasma) at the time that tropical diseases were caused by prolonged exposure to 'bad air' close to the ground. Mosquitos tend to become less common farther from the ground (insect netting or window coverings were not common at
1860-498: The day of the 2011 census , 9.1% of employed people travelled to work on public transport and 63.6% by car (either as driver or as passenger). Suburbs and localities (Australia) Suburbs and localities are the names of geographic subdivisions in Australia , used mainly for address purposes. The term locality is used in rural areas, while the term suburb is used in urban areas. Australian postcodes closely align with
1922-438: The defining trait of being built on stumps, raising the structure from the traditional 2.8 m and varying in height depending on terrain. They are typically "tripartite" in sectional composition: underfloor (stumps), primary rooms (can be two levels), and roof. All have one or more veranda spaces, a sheltered edge of the building that is typically only partly enclosed and used as another living zone. This consideration for climate
Pinkenba, Queensland - Misplaced Pages Continue
1984-481: The discovery of commercial quantities of oil in Australia at Moonie . The location was chosen because it was close to the site of the oil refinery which was to be built to process the oil. However, at the time of the queen's visit, The Canberra Times described the site as "desolate" and "a smelly, muddy, mosquito-infested swamp", but the site was planted with 12-foot (3.7 m) high palm trees and flower beds and
2046-497: The establishment of a town where workers could live close to their work. On 15 October 1892, there was an auction of 40 allotments of land in the new town of Pinkenba. That land was bounded by the present-day streets of McBride Road to the west, Serpentine Road to the north, and Eagle Farm Road to the south-east ( 27°25′19″S 153°07′11″E / 27.4219°S 153.1197°E / -27.4219; 153.1197 ( Town of Pinkenba estate ) ). A postal receiving office
2108-438: The first instance, decisions about the names and boundaries of suburbs and localities are made by the local council in which they are located based on criteria such as community recognition. Local council decisions are, however, subject to approval by the state's geographical names board. The boundaries of some suburbs and localities overlap two or more local government areas (LGAs). Examples of this are Adamstown Heights , which
2170-652: The height restrictions of the Gateway Bridge , and length restriction of 270 metres (890 ft) that far upstream, larger cruise liners must dock further down the river at the more industrial multi-user terminal at the Port of Brisbane . In late 2020, the new Brisbane International Cruise Terminal was scheduled to open on the northern bank of the Brisbane River at Myrtletown, opposite the port ( 27°22′52″S 153°09′15″E / 27.3811°S 153.1542°E / -27.3811; 153.1542 ( Brisbane International Cruise Terminal ) ), but its opening
2232-482: The land is being developed. Certain elements of Queenslander house architecture can be found in some highrise buildings. Early highrise buildings had narrow balconies that were mostly used for cleaning the outside of windows. In Queensland, highrise balconies gradually evolved to become wide outdoor living spaces of the quality of verandas and the back decks of Queenslander houses and other old houses. Queensland's highrise buildings are finding new ways to hover above
2294-412: The landscape creating lush shaded undercrofts that extend public amenity, mature planting, habitat and flowpaths, shade, pools, gardens, decks, boardwalks and amenity connecting streets to waterfront through and under the highrise. Building supports give vertical elements to mimic rainforest trees in supporting ferns and vines that bring coolness to shaded undercrofts. Extending public access under high-rise
2356-429: The local park and historical path and local pub. The suburb is accessed by road via Kingsford Smith Drive , which passes an industrial area before reaching the suburb. A railway branch line to Pinkenba was constructed to encourage port development downstream away from the Brisbane central business district. The now-abandoned Pinkenba railway station opened in 1882 as the terminus of the line, and closed in 1993. On
2418-401: The main part of the building. However, accumulations of dirt or ants' nests can enable the caps to be traversed by the white ants, so regular inspections are needed to ensure the stump caps are in good condition and for early detection of white ant entry to the main structure. Not being built of stone or brick, Queenslander architecture cannot have a foundation stone . However, the desire for
2480-408: The main structure from termite and other pest attacks. The stumps help to overcome any variations in the terrain that would normally require earthworks to flatten for construction and allow for the natural flow of water across the terrain in the event of excessive rain and downpours. The underfloor space is often high enough for additional uses such as storage, a carport, or even as extra living area in
2542-507: The national average of 69.8%; the next most common countries of birth were New Zealand 7%, Iran 6.8%, England 2.5%, Italy 1.4%, France 0.8%. 77.3% of people spoke only English at home; the next most popular languages were 2% Italian, 1.7% Cantonese, 1.1% Tagalog, 0.9% Afrikaans, 0.9% Serbo-Croatian/Yugoslavian. The most common religious affiliation was "No Religion" 22.8%; the next most common responses were Catholic 19.9%, Anglican 16.5%, Presbyterian and Reformed 5.4% and Uniting Church 4.3%. In
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2604-534: The now disused Meeandah railway station on the Pinkenba railway line , which in turn was named after a corruption of the Greek word meander , and referred to Serpentine Creek which flowed through the area, but has subsequently been converted into a drain due to the development of Brisbane Airport . The name is often thought to be an Aboriginal word. Bulwer Island was named after Lord Edward Bulwer-Lytton who, as
2666-459: The other options for home building - either working with an established builder or employing an architect. However, it would appear that “ready to erect” houses (or mill cut houses) were more suitable to the Queensland house than those constructed in other Australian states or climates. The companies that offered this product in Brisbane were primarily Brown and Broad of Newstead and Campbell Brothers of Creek Street Brisbane. Brown and Broad began
2728-491: The range of 23–36 °C (73–97 °F). However, the type is found across the state and outside of Queensland, in both colder and hotter locations, usually with adaptations to suit. With timber plentiful and the preferred building material in Queensland after 1900, a new product emerged to fill the need for housing stock – “Ready to Erect” homes provided by timber merchants with all of the pieces already pre-cut and readily available for ordering. The homes were cheaper than
2790-467: The river and to create a 90-hectare (220-acre) site ( 27°24′08″S 153°08′30″E / 27.4021°S 153.1416°E / -27.4021; 153.1416 ( Bulwer Island oil refinery ) ) raised to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) above the high tide level. During its operation, it was the largest oil refinery in Queensland. It was decommissioned in 2015 and now operates as an import terminal. In 1975, Myrtletown (then an independent suburb)
2852-530: The school was mothballed on 31 December 2008 and closed on 31 December 2010. It was located at 248 Eagle Farm Road, on the corner of Serpentine Road ( 27°25′13″S 153°07′18″E / 27.4202°S 153.1218°E / -27.4202; 153.1218 ( Pinkenba State School (former) ) ). The school's website was archived. In 1892, the opening of the Queensland Meat Export and Agency Company's meatworks in Pinkenba necessitated
2914-652: The southern end of the suburb of Pinkenba. Pinkenba has the following headlands: The land use is mostly industrial except for a small residential area at the town centre. Pinkenba is situated in the Yugarabul traditional Aboriginal country. The Turrbal people are custodians within the Yugurabul traditional country. The name Pinkenba comes from the Turrbal word binkinba , which means "place of land tortoise". The former suburb of Meeandah took its name from
2976-530: The suburb of Port of Brisbane (which is on the southern bank of the river). In the 2011 census , Pinkenba recorded a population of 350 people; 42.9% female and 57.1% male. The median age of the Pinkenba population was 42 years, 5 years above the Australian median. Children aged under 15 years made up 15.4% of the population and people aged 65 years and over made up 12.8% of the population. 62.5% of people living in Pinkenba were born in Australia, compared to
3038-399: The time). Another advantage of being constructed on stumps is that the buildings are highly adaptive. Raising, lowering, reorienting, or completely relocating Queenslanders is relatively easy. The main living areas of the house, being raised from the terrain, are a series of rooms on a platform floor. Traditionally, planning and fenestration encouraged cross-ventilation for passive cooling in
3100-417: The traditional ceremony of laying a foundation stone, particularly for churches and other community buildings, evolved a new tradition in Queenslander buildings of a stump-capping ceremony, where an ant cap was ceremonially affixed to one or more stumps. Since an ant cap cannot have a commemorative message (unlike a foundation stone), sometimes a plaque or other method of commemoration was subsequently added to
3162-421: The unique 'tin and timber' character of neighbourhoods and towns dominated by Queenslander architecture. While master-planned housing estates are indistinguishable from those in other states, many custom-built homes are designed in a more modern version of the Queenslander style, particularly holiday houses in coastal areas. Many Queenslander-style homes are being removed/relocated to save them from demolition when
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#17327730270593224-664: The use in British or American English, this term can include inner-city, outer-metropolitan and industrial areas. Localities existed in the past as informal units, but in 1996 the Intergovernmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping and the Committee for Geographical Names in Australasia (CGNA) decided to name and establish official boundaries for all localities and suburbs. There has subsequently been
3286-536: The veranda, which in later years was commonly filled in to form extra rooms. Other late additions included projecting bay or box-seat windows usually centrally located in the front of the house. Many old Queenslander buildings, both residential and commercial, have been demolished to make way for more modern buildings, particularly in the inner urban area of Brisbane, contributing to Brisbane's gentrification . However, community awareness of urban heritage has had local governments implement conservation measures to protect
3348-427: The war, surplus military earthmoving equipment became common and preparing sites for construction was then possible and the relative cheapness of construction on stumps diminished. Land availability decreased and preferences moved towards lower-maintenance types of housing. These factors led to the adoption in Queensland, as elsewhere, of the ubiquitous "modern" American style, usually a single level and usually sold as
3410-426: The “ready to erect” home building phase, with their products announced in 1915. The motto of the company was “Houses built in half the time.” However, their catalogues also emphasized reliability and quality, and the fact that their tradesman were all expert in their own trade. By 1922, the ready to build homes had spread to northern New South Wales, with an indication that this “ready to build” product may be
3472-767: Was dedicated on 14 February 1925 by Canon de Witt Batty . It closed circa 1981. It was located on the south-east corner of Hopper Street and McBride Road ( 27°25′22″S 153°07′08″E / 27.4227°S 153.1189°E / -27.4227; 153.1189 ( St Matthias' Anglican Church (former) ) ). Myrtletown Methodist Church opened circa 1930. In 1969, it was on the western side of Myrtletown Road (now Main Myrtletown Road) between Rowlingson Street (no longer extant) and Priors Road (approx 27°24′20″S 153°07′32″E / 27.4055°S 153.1255°E / -27.4055; 153.1255 ( Myrtletown Methodist Church (former) ) ). The church
3534-615: Was delayed because of shut-down of the cruise industry due to the COVID-19 pandemic . The new cruise terminal is located at Luggage Point next to the Luggage Point sewage treatment plant (which has been renamed the Luggage Point Resource Recovery Centre). The new terminal will be able to accommodate the largest cruise vessels in the world. It will be operated by the port but will not be part of
3596-507: Was downgraded to a neighbourhood within Pinkenba. Myrtletown was historically known as a residential and farming locality, though maritime and industrial facilities have developed in recent decades. As of March 2020, two cruise ship wharves for Brisbane are located there, with differing facilities. Portside Wharf at Hamilton was completed in 2006 and is an international-standard facility for cruise liners, offering restaurants, coffee shops, gift shops, and other facilities. However, due to
3658-400: Was established, with the remains of the facility listed on the current Queensland Heritage Register. On 6 March 1963, Queen Elizabeth II unveiled a roadside memorial at 315 Tingara Street (corner of Kirra Street, 27°25′01″S 153°08′09″E / 27.41690°S 153.13579°E / -27.41690; 153.13579 ( Discovery of Oil Memorial ) ). It commemorates
3720-742: Was officially opened at Luggage Point on 23 November 1923. It was Australia's first full-scale sewerage treatment plant, a key component of Brisbane's sewerage scheme which commended in March 1914. It was serviced by an electric tramway. Myrtletown State School opened on 1924 and closed on 19 February 1971. It occupied the northern part of the block bounded by Main Beach Road, School Road (now Lewandowski Drive) and Sandmere Street ( 27°23′21″S 153°08′28″E / 27.3893°S 153.1412°E / -27.3893; 153.1412 ( Myrtetown State School (former) ) ). St Matthias' Anglican Church
3782-460: Was on the north-eastern corner of McBride Street and Esker Street ( 27°25′17″S 153°07′09″E / 27.4213°S 153.1193°E / -27.4213; 153.1193 ( Pinkenba Presbyterian Church ) ). It was demolished circa 1980. Pinkenba Rail Post Office opened at the Pinkenba railway station in mid 1915 and closed in April 1954. Brisbane's first sewerage treatment plant
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#17327730270593844-426: Was opened in 1892, becoming Pinkenba Post Office in 1897. In 1969, it was on the north-eastern corner of Hopper Street and McBride Street ( 27°25′21″S 153°07′08″E / 27.4224°S 153.1190°E / -27.4224; 153.1190 ( Pinkenba Post Office (1969) ) ). On Saturday 15 December 1900, auctioneers Isles, Love & Co offered 42 suburban allotments and seven farm sites for sale in
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