65-532: The Plainfield Woolen Company Mill is a historic mill building on Main Street in Plainfield, Connecticut . Built in 1901, the building played a vital role in revitalizing the local economy, which was stagnating at the time. It remained the site of active textile manufacturing until 1984. The building is a visually distinctive landmark in the community, in part because of its unusual monitor roof . The building
130-754: A ticket system (or closed system) for collecting tolls. Initially tolls on the Connecticut Turnpike were $ 0.25, and the toll barriers were located in the following locations: Greenwich, Norwalk, Stratford, West Haven, Branford, Madison, Montville, and Plainfield. Tolls also were collected until 1969 in Old Saybrook at the west end of the Baldwin Bridge over the Connecticut River. Additionally, unlike other toll roads which featured widely spaced interchanges and generally ran along
195-526: A mass migration of New Yorkers, leading to substantial residential and economic growth in Fairfield and New Haven counties. The turnpike became a primary commuter route to New York City . With additional segments of I-95 that opened in the 1960s connecting to Providence and Boston , the turnpike became an essential route for transporting people and goods throughout the Northeast . As a result, much of
260-603: A new extradosed Pearl Harbor Memorial Bridge over the Quinnipiac River and New Haven Harbor . Plans to upgrade the turnpike received a boost in 2005 when federal legislation known as SAFETEA-LU designated the I-95 portion of the Connecticut Turnpike from the New York state line to Waterford as High Priority Corridor 65 . Corridor 65 also includes the 24-mile (39 km) section of I-95 from Waterford to
325-410: A public meeting on expanding I-84 (an Interstate that parallels I-95 about 20 miles [32 km] further inland), "If we had tried to build I-95 today, it would be impossible because of the sensitive ecosystems it passes through. It would never get approved." A comprehensive plan to address safety and capacity issues on the Connecticut Turnpike did not progress beyond the initial planning stages until
390-611: A section of the turnpike's northbound Mianus River Bridge in Greenwich collapsed due to corrosion of its substructure, killing three motorists crossing it at the time. On March 25, 2004, a tanker truck carrying fuel swerved to avoid a car that cut the truck off and subsequently overturned, dumping 8,000 US gallons (30,000 L) of home heating oil onto the Howard Avenue overpass in Bridgeport . Passing vehicles kicked up
455-515: A ticket system where one obtained a ticket at entering the toll road, then paid a distance-based fare upon exiting. The turnpike was renamed after former Connecticut Governor John Davis Lodge on December 31, 1985, two months after the tolls were removed. Local legend is the initial phase of turnpike construction in 1954 was so disruptive in heavily Republican Fairfield County that local voters there turned on incumbent Republican Governor Lodge, leading to his defeat by Abraham Ribicoff . Initially,
520-595: Is 60 miles (97 km) northeast; New York City ( Manhattan ), NY is 120 miles (190 km) southwest. The closest international airport is T. F. Green Airport (PVD) in Warwick , RI. Nearby Amtrak passenger rail stations include New London (NLC) and Providence (PVD); both are roughly 40 minute drives. New London is also served by the Shore Line East commuter railroad, and Providence by Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) Commuter Rail. As of
585-466: Is grouped into the federal statistical areas around New York City and it suffers from consequences and special regulations applied to non-compliant air quality areas. An example of this is that it is easier to lengthen an entrance or exit ramp than to add a full lane, since adding any capacity to a road, by definition, will increase the pollution created by the road, further violating federal air quality standards. In 2000, one ConnDOT official commented during
650-530: Is part of the Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region . The population was 14,973 at the 2020 census . The town comprises four villages: Plainfield (south, ZIP code 06374), Moosup (northeast, 06354), Wauregan (northwest, 06387), and Central Village (west, 06332). Each village has their own respective United States Post Office and fire department . The entire town is serviced by the 860 area code . Plainfield
715-672: Is shared with Interstate 95 (I-95) for 88 miles (142 km) from the New York state border in Greenwich to East Lyme ; I-395 for 36 miles (58 km) from East Lyme to Plainfield ; and SR 695 for four miles (6.4 km) from Plainfield to the Rhode Island state line at U.S. Route 6 (US 6) in Killingly . The turnpike briefly runs concurrently with US 1 from Old Saybrook to Old Lyme and Route 2A from Montville to Norwich . Construction on
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#1732781148406780-589: Is the southernmost town of Windham County. The Quinebaug River generally forms the western border of the town. The Moosup River feeds the Quinebaug and runs across the northern portion of town. Plainfield is bisected by the Connecticut Turnpike ( I-395 and CT 695 ) and is serviced by three exits: Lathrop Road at exit 28, CT 14A at exit 29, and CT 14 at exit 32. All exits are off the I-395 portion of
845-578: The I-290 designation southward along free Route 52 and the Connecticut Turnpike to I-95 in Waterford. AASHTO rejected the I-290 request and instead approved the I-395 designation in 1983. Several notorious accidents have occurred throughout the turnpike's history. The worst of these was a serious incident on January 19, 1983, in which a tractor trailer after a brake failure collided with four cars at
910-550: The Massachusetts Turnpike . The Connecticut Turnpike officially ends at US 6 (Danielson Pike) in Killingly , which continues on towards Providence, Rhode Island . Unlike the I-95 portion, the I-395 portion of the turnpike has changed very little over the years, retaining its grass median with a guardrail separating directions of travel. The Connecticut Turnpike incorporated a pre-existing relocation of US 1 between Old Saybrook and Old Lyme, which included
975-882: The Merritt and Wilbur Cross parkways at exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway ) in Milford , and I-91 at exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the turnpike continues along the Connecticut shoreline, usually with less traffic. The six-lane highway is reduced to four lanes in Branford , interchanges with Route 9 at exit 69 in Old Saybrook , crosses the Connecticut River on
1040-681: The National Register of Historic Places are: Plainfield is located at: 41.6775 N, 71.9220 W. According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 43 square miles (110 km ), of which 42.3 square miles (110 km ) is land and 0.8 square miles (2.1 km ) (1.81%) is water. From the southernmost point, Plainfield is 20 miles (32 km) inland of the Long Island Sound and Block Island Sound (Atlantic Ocean). Plainfield
1105-635: The Raymond E. Baldwin Bridge and continues until the interchange with I-395 at exit 76 near the East Lyme–Waterford line. The turnpike leaves I-95 at exit 76 in East Lyme, continuing on as I-395 north heading towards Norwich , Jewett City and Plainfield until exit 35, where the turnpike and I-395 split. I-395 continues north towards Worcester, Massachusetts , ending at I-290 and
1170-458: The Stratford toll plaza, killing seven people and injuring several others. The investigation following the crash determined that the truck driver fell asleep at the wheel just before the crash took place. At the time, the government of Connecticut was removing tolls along the turnpike; as a result of the incident, the government expedited the removal of the remaining tollbooths. In June 1983,
1235-411: The intelligent transportation system with traffic cameras, a variety of embedded roadway sensors, and variable-message signs . Since the start of the program, a six-mile (9.7 km) section through Bridgeport was completely rebuilt to Interstate standards. In 2015, a long-term $ 2 billion program was completed, to rebuild 12 miles (19 km) of turnpike between West Haven and Branford , including
1300-405: The Connecticut Turnpike corridor . There is limited public transport system available in the town; combined with a lack of a sidewalk and/or segregated cycle facilities network and the large area of the town, this necessitates that most transit is done by car. Providence , RI is the closest major city, 30 miles (48 km) to the east. Hartford is 40 miles (64 km) west. Boston , MA
1365-416: The Connecticut Turnpike began in 1954 and the highway was opened in 1958. It originally followed a sequential exit numbering system that disregarded route transition, where the exit numbers on I-395 were a continuation of the exit numbers on I-95. In 2015, the I-395 exit numbers were changed to a mileage-based system reflecting their distance from the split from I-95, effectively removing the defining element of
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#17327811484061430-399: The Connecticut Turnpike toll booths were of the same size and weight as New York City Subway tokens. Since the turnpike tokens cost less than one third as much, they began showing up in subway collection boxes regularly. Connecticut authorities initially agreed to change the size of their tokens, but later reneged and the problem went unsolved until 1985, when Connecticut discontinued tolls on
1495-581: The Connecticut Turnpike was operated by the Connecticut Highway Department (later the Connecticut Department of Transportation) from its inception. Additionally, unlike toll roads in other states where revenues collected from motorists were legally required to be kept within the toll road authority and used to finance the facility's construction and upkeep, toll revenues from the Connecticut Turnpike were placed into
1560-454: The Connecticut Turnpike was signed as an east–west route, even after the I-95 designation was added to the turnpike between Greenwich and Waterford in the early 1960s. Signs indicating I-95/Connecticut Turnpike as an east–west route existed in places until the early 1990s, when the remaining east–west signage was replaced by north–south signage. From Waterford to Killingly, the turnpike was initially designated as Route 52 in 1967, following
1625-605: The Mohegan Sun Casino before crossing the Thames River and ending at Route 2 south of Norwich. SR 695 is the 4.49-mile (7.23 km) unsigned portion of the turnpike from I-395 in Plainfield to US 6 at the Rhode Island state line in Killingly . The road is not signed as SR 695 but eastbound as "To US 6 East" and westbound as "To I-395 South". SR 695 would have become part of
1690-591: The Plainfield Woolen Company operation was larger, and was focused in the production of high end woolen fabrics for use in men's suits and coats. At its peak it employed 300 people, with the machinery mainly operated by men. The mill remained in some sort of textile production, under a series of ownership changes, until 1984. Plainfield, Connecticut Plainfield is a town in Windham County, Connecticut , United States. The town
1755-576: The Rhode Island state line that was built in 1964, which is not part of the Turnpike. Traffic is relatively light on the rural I-395 section and the northeast leg (SR 695) in Killingly; this section is largely unchanged from its original 1958 profile. The only two major projects completed on this section since were the 2015 renumbering of exits based on I-395 mileposts (exit 77 became exit 2, up to exit 90 which became exit 35) and
1820-709: The Squaw Rock Road onramp and accessible only eastbound, is for Ross Road, and the only onramp provided from Ross Road is for SR 695 westbound. The interchange with I-395 is only partial: there is no access provided from SR 695 westbound to I-395 northbound and no access from I-395 southbound to SR 695 eastbound. The general route and construction of the turnpike were both mandated by state law. Intended to relieve congestion on US 1 and Route 15 (the Merritt and Wilbur Cross parkways), design work began in 1954. The Connecticut Turnpike opened to traffic on January 2, 1958, at 2:30 p.m. However,
1885-567: The Turnpike, which runs north and south. Exit 35 off I-395 North is in Plainfield, but does not offer access to any Plainfield streets. CT 12 generally runs parallel to the west of the Turnpike, and is less than one-half mile from all three Turnpike exits. There is no direct air, passenger rail, or navigable water access to Plainfield, although the town is serviced by the Providence and Worcester Railroad (freight only), which also parallels
1950-514: The abolition of tolls. During the economic recession of the early 1990s, legislators studied reinstating tolls on parts of the Connecticut Turnpike and portions of highways around Hartford to make up for budget deficits. Proposals for reinstating tolls were scrapped in lieu of implementing an income tax and increasing the state gasoline tax and sales tax, and imposing a new tax on corporate windfall profits. With continual budget woes in Hartford,
2015-403: The average family size was 3.06. In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.9% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 32.1% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.1 males. The median income for a household in the town
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2080-520: The census of 2000, there were 14,619 people, 5,444 households, and 3,908 families residing in the town. The population density was 345.9 inhabitants per square mile (133.6/km ). There were 5,676 housing units at an average density of 134.3 per square mile (51.9/km ). The racial makeup of the town was 96.15% White , 0.78% African American , 0.53% Native American , 0.60% Asian , 0.03% Pacific Islander , 0.63% from other races , and 1.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.63% of
2145-472: The collapse of the Mianus River Bridge on June 28, 1983. Following the collapse, Governor William A. O'Neill initiated an $ 8 billion program to rehabilitate Connecticut's highways. Included in this program was the inspection and repair of the turnpike's nearly 300 bridges and overpasses. Furthermore, O'Neill directed ConnDOT to develop a viable plan for addressing safety and congestion on
2210-506: The exception of two car ferries across the Connecticut River in Chester and Glastonbury ). While the 1983 Stratford accident was cited as the main reason for abolishing tolls in Connecticut, the underlying reason was that federal legislation at that time forbade states with toll roads from using federal funds for road projects. Because the Mianus River Bridge was rebuilt with federal highway funds following its June 1983 collapse, Connecticut
2275-636: The highway was designed and built before the Interstate Highway System was established. As a result, much of the turnpike does not meet Interstate standards, particularly with overpasses ranging from 13.5 to 15 feet (4.1 to 4.6 m); Interstate Highway standards require 16 feet [4.9 m] of vertical clearance. Interchanges are too closely spaced; ramps and acceleration-deceleration lanes need to be lengthened. In some areas, median and shoulder widths and curve radii also fall short of Interstate standards. Complicating efforts to upgrade
2340-400: The idea could receive serious consideration in the state legislature. The turnpike has 13 service plazas , which are open 24 hours a day. All feature a Subway , a Dunkin' Donuts , a convenience store and fuel service provided by ExxonMobil (branded as Mobil ). Most plazas also offer a variety of other food service options, including McDonald's and Sbarro . From 2011 to 2015,
2405-502: The idea of reinstating tolls resurfaced in January 2010. State Representative Tony Guerrera estimated a $ 5 toll at Connecticut's borders could generate $ 600 million in revenue. Governor Dannel P. Malloy expressed pessimism that toll revenue would be spent exclusively on infrastructure repairs, but a need to generate additional revenue, paired with decreases in traditional highway funding sources (such as federal aid and gas tax revenue) means
2470-516: The junction with Route 25 and Route 8 (on surface road, exit 27, just below interchange). There is one weigh station located northbound at milepost 2 in Greenwich, at the location of the former toll plaza. Weigh stations on both sides of the turnpike used to exist near exit 18 in Westport; these were removed during the 1990s. The former southbound weigh station in Westport is now used by ConnDOT to store construction materials, while
2535-563: The late 19th century. Combined with the mills, Plainfield had incredible commerce for a small town because four railways from Hartford, New York, Boston, and Providence intersected within the town. There was also a highly acclaimed school on Academy Hill, which is how the present Academy Hill Road got its name. Also, the town annually has the V-J Day parade; in fact, the oldest in the United States. Sites in Plainfield that are listed on
2600-622: The most heavily urbanized section of Connecticut along the shoreline between Greenwich and New Haven, going through the cities of Stamford , Norwalk , Bridgeport , and New Haven , with daily traffic volumes of 120,000 to over 150,000 throughout the entire 48-mile (77 km) length between the New York border and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 at exit 27A in Bridgeport,
2665-481: The northbound station was demolished; the grounds returned to their natural state. The administration building for the former West Haven toll plaza can still be seen by drivers between exits 42 and 43. Today, ConnDOT uses the old toll building as a maintenance facility. In 2013, Telsa Supercharger points for electric vehicles were added at each Milford plaza, the second along I-95, with new charging stations, including CHAdeMO -compatible points, added through
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2730-643: The now-defunct alignment of the I-84 freeway between Hartford, Connecticut , and Providence, Rhode Island , had that freeway been built. (Present-day I-84 continues eastbound from Hartford into Massachusetts where it ends at I-90, the Massachusetts Turnpike). There are two partial exits on SR 695. Westbound exit 1 (formerly exit 90) at Squaw Rock Road is only accessible westbound. The easternmost exit (also numbered exit 1, but formerly unnumbered), located 1,500 feet (460 m) east of
2795-420: The oil which ignited a towering inferno that subsequently melted the bridge structure and caused the southbound lanes to sag several feet. The northbound lanes, which received less damage from the fire, were opened five days later after being reinforced with temporary scaffolding. The southbound lanes opened on April 1, after a temporary bridge was erected. The Connecticut Turnpike opened southwest Connecticut to
2860-615: The opening of the toll-free section of Route 52 from Killingly to the Massachusetts border. To accommodate the truncation of the Hartford to Providence extension of I-84 to Killingly, following Rhode Island's cancellation of its portion of that extension in the early 1980s, Route 52 was to be re-designated as an Interstate. Initially, Connecticut and Massachusetts requested that the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) extend
2925-597: The operation of schools, and operates five facilities throughout the town. Connecticut Turnpike The Connecticut Turnpike (officially the Governor John Davis Lodge Turnpike ) is a freeway and former toll road in the U.S. state of Connecticut ; it is maintained by the Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT). Spanning approximately 128 miles (206 km) along a generally west–east axis, its roadbed
2990-519: The original Raymond E. Baldwin Bridge over the Connecticut River, which opened in 1948. Upon the turnpike's opening in 1958, US 1 has been co-signed with the turnpike between exit 68 in Old Saybrook and exit 70 in Old Lyme. Route 2A was constructed to serve as a bypass around Norwich. It shares its alignment with the Connecticut Turnpike from its northern terminus at Route 2 to exit 9 on I-395, where it turns east and serves
3055-556: The original plazas were rebuilt with new and expanded buildings and improved fueling facilities. Prior to the rebuilding, the plazas on the I-395 section only had a convenience store. The former northbound Montville service area has been turned into a State Police barracks. In addition to the service areas listed above, there is a rest area, with restrooms, picnic area, vending machines, and tourist information, located northbound at milepost 74 between exits 65 and 66. In July 2016,
3120-465: The outskirts of major urban centers, the Connecticut Turnpike was built through the middle of several large cities (notably Stamford, Bridgeport, and New Haven) and has over 90 interchanges along its 129-mile (208 km) length—50 of which are along the 50-mile (80 km) stretch between the New York state line and New Haven. There was some controversy in the early 1980s when New York City Subway riders discovered that tokens purchased for use in
3185-516: The plant. The mill is composed of a series of attached brick buildings, roughly forming a J shape. The main structure of the complex is four stories in height, and is covered by a roof with a monitor section at its center. The site of the mill had been used at least since 1827, when a textile mill was established there. By the later decades of the 19th century, that mill had suffered from repeated flooding and increasing competition from more efficient producers, and had failed. The size and scale of
3250-406: The population. There were 5,444 households, out of which 36.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.6% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.2% were non-families. 21.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and
3315-488: The reconstruction of the northbound on and off ramps at exit 11 (old exit 80) in Norwich , completed in 2009. Tolls on the Connecticut Turnpike have been a source of controversy from the turnpike's opening in 1958 to the removal of tolls in 1985, and the debate continues today. The Connecticut Turnpike originally opened with a barrier toll system (or open system), unlike toll roads in neighboring states, which used
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#17327811484063380-536: The rest area was closed due to budget cuts and barriers were placed on the highway blocking access to the facility. In September 2019, the rest area was reopened on a seasonal basis, being closed from November until mid May (with no access during that time). There are three State Police stations located on the turnpike: Troop F: Westbrook at milepost 74 on southbound side of turnpike. Troop E: Montville at milepost 96 on northbound side of turnpike (at former service plaza). Troop G: Bridgeport at milepost 29 and
3445-466: The state's general fund and used for highway and non-highway expenditures alike. Finally, the closely spaced interchanges and eight mainline barriers were a result of each town through which the Connecticut Turnpike passed being guaranteed a certain number of access points to gain the support of each affected town for construction of the highway. This is in contrast to toll roads built in neighboring states with widely spaced interchanges that normally featured
3510-566: The state's roads. Throughout the late 1980s and early 1990s, ConnDOT developed a comprehensive plan to improve the turnpike through Fairfield and New Haven counties. In 1993 ConnDOT embarked on a 25-year multibillion-dollar program to upgrade the Connecticut Turnpike from the Connecticut River at Old Saybrook to the New York state line at Greenwich . The program included the complete reconstruction of several turnpike segments, including replacing bridges, adding travel lanes, reconfiguring interchanges, upgrading lighting and signage, and implementing
3575-454: The turnpike for nearly 30 years, but most of these plans languished amid political infighting and lawsuits brought on by special-interest groups. Still, traffic and deadly accidents continued to increase each year on the turnpike, and by the 1990s the Connecticut Turnpike had started to become known as "the Highway of Death". Furthermore, while most of the turnpike is signed as I-95 or I-395,
3640-495: The turnpike had become functionally obsolete by 1965, with traffic exceeding its design capacity. Originally designed to carry 60,000 vehicles per day (VPD) on the four-lane sections and 90,000 VPD on the six-lane portion west of New Haven, the turnpike carried 75,000–100,000 VPD east of New Haven, and 130,000–200,000 VPD between New Haven and the New York state line as of 2006. There were dozens of plans discussed to alleviate traffic congestion and improve safety on
3705-496: The turnpike passes through areas with some of the highest property values in the country, making land acquisition for expanding the highway extremely expensive. Finally, the turnpike was built through environmentally sensitive ecosystems and wetlands associated with Long Island Sound , meaning most expansion projects require lengthy environmental impact studies that are able to withstand constant litigation by environmental groups. Air pollution laws also cause conflict, since Connecticut
3770-459: The turnpike to Interstate standards is that engineers did not acquire enough right-of-way to accommodate future expansion when the Connecticut Turnpike was built during the late 1950s, which means adjacent land must be seized to upgrade the turnpike, resulting in lengthy and costly eminent domain battles between the State of Connecticut and landowners refusing to give up their property. Additionally
3835-668: The turnpike. At that time, the MTA was paid 17.5 cents for each of more than two million tokens that had been collected during the three-year "token war". After the 1983 truck crash at the Stratford toll plaza, toll opponents pressured the State of Connecticut to remove tolls from the turnpike in 1985. Three years later, these same opponents successfully lobbied the Connecticut General Assembly to pass legislation abolishing tolls on all of Connecticut's highways (with
3900-462: The turnpike. In some sections southwest of New Haven , it carries an annual average daily traffic of over 150,000 vehicles. I-95 enters Connecticut as the Connecticut Turnpike in Greenwich at the New York state line. The turnpike stretches for 128.5 miles (206.8 km) across the state, but only the first 88 miles (142 km) is signed as I-95. This portion of the highway passes through
3965-534: The westernmost portion of the highway (the three miles [4.8 km] connecting Greenwich with the New England Thruway ) opened 10 months later. Tolls were originally collected through a series of eight toll booths along the route. The Connecticut Turnpike was designed and built much differently than other toll roads built around the same time. Unlike toll roads in other states that operated under semi-autonomous, quasi-public toll road authorities,
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#17327811484064030-580: Was incorporated in 1699 as the town of Quinebaug and renamed the following year to its current name. The present name of "Plainfield" is descriptive of the original town site. Plainfield proved to be an industrial heavyweight in the 19th and early 20th centuries due largely to the ability of the Moosup and Quinebaug Rivers to provide power to the different mills throughout town. The job opportunities attracted French Canadian Americans , Irish Americans , British Americans , and people from other countries during
4095-413: Was $ 42,851, and the median income for a family was $ 47,447. Males had a median income of $ 36,785 versus $ 24,026 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 18,706. About 5.4% of families and 7.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.2% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over. The Plainfield Board of Education (also Plainfield Public Schools ) is responsible for
4160-471: Was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. It has been converted into condominia . The Plainfield Woolen Company is located on the south side of the town's Centre Village, on the west side of Main Street near its junction with Norwich Road. It stands on 8 acres (3.2 ha) bounded by the road and the Moosup River , historically its source of power. The mill pond is southeast of
4225-694: Was required by Section 113(c) of the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 to remove tolls from the turnpike once its construction bonds were paid off. The debate over tolls on the Connecticut Turnpike did not end in 1988 with the abolition of tolls. Prior to their removal in 1985, the tolls generated over $ 65 million annually. Since their removal in the late 1980s, Connecticut lawmakers have continuously discussed reinstating tolls, but have balked at bringing tolls back out of concern of having to repay $ 2.6 billion in federal highway funds that Connecticut received for turnpike construction projects following
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