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71-408: Prenzlauer Berg ( German pronunciation: [ˌpʁɛnt͡slaʊ̯ɐ ˈbɛʁk] ) is a locality of Berlin , forming the southerly and most urban district of the borough of Pankow . From its founding in 1920 until 2001, Prenzlauer Berg was a district of Berlin in its own right. However, that year it was incorporated (along with the borough of Weißensee ) into the greater district of Pankow . From

142-419: A date due to Islamic tradition. This is followed by a soup or anything they would like, the most popular being lentil soup , but a wide variety of soups such as chicken , oats , freeka (a soup made from whole wheat and chicken broth ), potato, maash , and others are also offered. The third course is the main dish, usually eaten after an interval, when Maghreb prayer is conducted. The main dish

213-517: A mural crown : 3 towers in red bricks with the coat of arms of Berlin in the middle. Most of the coats of arms of current boroughs have changed some elements in their field : Some of them have created a "fusion" of themes of the merged Bezirke (Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, Lichtenberg, Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Tempelhof-Schöneberg); others have modified their themes taken from one of the two (or more) former merged boroughs (Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg, Marzahn-Hellersdorf, Mitte and Treptow-Köpenick). Only

284-414: A coat of paint since the 1930s. In the 1990s the buildings that belonged to state-owned housing associations were sold to private investors, who had them renovated and raised the rents. Most of the borough's original inhabitants could not afford the increased costs and have since moved away. In the 21st century the many empty lots that were sites for the street culture integral to the bohemian character of

355-627: A council of mayors ( Rat der Bürgermeister ) led by the city's governing mayor, which advises the Berlin Senate. Each borough is made up of several officially recognized subdistricts or neighborhoods ( Ortsteile in German, sometimes called quarters in English). The number of neighborhoods that form a borough varies considerably, ranging from two ( Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg ) to fifteen ( Treptow-Köpenick ). These neighborhoods typically have

426-408: A dish is eggplant with fried onion, fresh herbs and olive oil dressed with fermented sauces, vinegar and caraway. There are several cold eggplant dishes that are similar, some made with smoked eggplant, adding nuts like ground walnuts or almonds, and sometimes different seasonings like saffron , cassia , and galangal . A dish for fried carrots with fresh herbs, dressing and spices was described by

497-759: A former city or municipality; others, such as Kreuzberg and Prenzlauer Berg , were named for geographic features. Minor changes to borough boundaries were made in 1938. After World War II, Berlin was divided into four sectors, with the Western sectors controlled by the United States, Britain, and France, and the Eastern sector controlled by the Soviet Union. In 1961, the SED built the Berlin Wall to divide

568-404: A full-time borough council ( Bezirksamt ), consisting of five councilors ( Bezirksstadträte ) and headed by a borough mayor ( Bezirksbürgermeister ). The BVV assembly is directly elected by the borough's population and therefore acts as a borough parliament , though it is officially part of the executive . It elects the members of the borough council, checks its daily administration, and

639-452: A gorgeous dish with flavor and perfume. The scattered rue is flowers of turquoise gems, vibrantly green, Jiggling with murri and olive oil, ebbing and flowing with sheen. Arab cuisine uses specific and unique foods and spices. Some of those foods are: There are two basic structures for meals in the Arab world , one regular schedule during most of the year and a second one that is unique to

710-501: A hill by the inhabitants of historic Berlin situated to the south in the glacial valley along the river Spree . Until the 20th century the area was mostly referred to as "Windmill Hill". The highest point of the district is 91 meters above sea level in the northwest of Volkspark Prenzlauer Berg. This hill consists of the rubble from buildings that were destroyed in World War II during allied air raids and by Soviet artillery in

781-494: A historical identity as former independent cities, villages, or rural municipalities that were united in 1920 as part of the Greater Berlin Act , forming the basis for the present-day city and state. The neighborhoods do not have their own governmental bodies but are recognized by the city and the boroughs for planning and statistical purposes. Berliners often identify more with the neighborhood where they live than with

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852-589: A neologism combining the name of a popular organic softdrink with the Biedermeier era (1815–1848) to describe the sociocultural situation of Prenzlauer Berg. The term is equivalent to e.g. LOHAS and Bobo ( Bohémiens bourgeois ). Since the late 1990s Prenzlauer Berg has become popular for more affluent people from Southern Germany who have bought condominiums here. Many areas of Prenzlauer Berg have become trendy shopping areas with streetstyle fashion designers selling their wares in its boutiques. Prenzlauer Berg

923-599: A process of rapid transformation, as the city worked to rebuild and modernize its infrastructure and economy. Many new businesses and cultural institutions were established, and the city became a center of creativity and innovation. By 2000, Berlin comprised twenty-three boroughs, as three new boroughs had been created in East Berlin . Today Berlin is divided into twelve boroughs ( Bezirke ), reduced from twenty-three boroughs before Berlin's 2001 administrative reform. An administrative reform in 2001 merged all but three of

994-411: A sauce (often tomato , although others are also popular) to make maraqa , which is served with rice. Most households add bread. Drinks are not necessarily served with the food; however, there is a very wide variety of drinks such as shineena (or laban ), karakaden , Naqe'e Al Zabib , Irq Soos , Tamr Hindi , and fruit juice , as well as other traditional Arabic drinks. During

1065-489: A tasty dish. Described as the "food of kings" and "supreme judge of all sweets", lauzinaj was an almond-based confection that had entered medieval European cuisine by the 13th-century from Andalusian influence, returning Crusaders and Latin translations of cookery books. There are two versions of the dish known from medieval texts: Vegetables include leeks , endive , melilot , fenugreek , okra , onions, purslane , Jew's mallow and radish. Boiled asparagus

1136-504: Is Köpenick (34.9 km or 13.5 sq mi), the smallest one is Hansaviertel (53 ha or 130 acres). The most populated is Neukölln (154,127 inhabitants in 2009), the least populated is Malchow (450 inhabitants in 2008). Note that the coats of arms shown for localities in the tables below are historical and no longer in official use, having lost their validity upon incorporation into Greater Berlin or new districts. Arab cuisine Arab cuisine collectively refers to

1207-590: Is a portion of the Pankow district in northeast Berlin. To the west and southwest it borders Mitte , to the South Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg , to the east Lichtenberg , and to the north Weißensee and Pankow . Geologically, the borough straddles the southernmost edge of the Barnim glacial deposit formed during the last Ice Age . Prenzlauer Berg (literally Prenzlau Hill) was always seen as

1278-513: Is a single municipality ( Einheitsgemeinde ), its districts have limited power, acting only as agencies of Berlin's state and city governments as laid out in the Greater Berlin Act of 1920 . The districts are financially dependent on state donations, as they neither possess any taxation power nor own any property. This is contrast to municipalities and counties in other German states, which are territorial corporations ( Gebietskörperschaften ) with autonomous functions and property. Each district

1349-647: Is a very popular dish eaten in the Hejaz region of Saudi Arabia. It is made with spicy tomato sauce, flavoured chicken and a fresh salad. Kabsa ( Arabic : كبسة kabsah ) or makbūs/machbūs (مكبوس Gulf pron.: [mɑtʃˈbuːs]) is an Arab mixed rice dish that originates from Yemen . It is commonly regarded as a national dish in all the countries of the Arabian Peninsula . It can also be found in regions such as southern Iran , Gaza in Palestine , and

1420-600: Is able to make applications and recommendations. The twelve borough mayors regularly meet in the Council of Mayors ( Rat der Bürgermeister ), led by the city's Governing Mayor ; the council answers to and advises the Senate. The localities have no local government bodies, and the administrative duties of the former locality representative, the Ortsvorsteher , were taken over by the borough mayors. People who live in

1491-498: Is administered by a representatives' assembly ( Bezirksverordnetenversammlung ), directly elected by proportional representation, and a district board ( Bezirksamt ) led by a district mayor ( Bezirksbürgermeister ), elected by the assembly representatives. The district board is in charge of most administrative matters affecting its residents, but its decisions can be revoked by the Berlin Senate . The district mayors form

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1562-490: Is also one of the few places in Germany that have experienced a baby boom since the mid 1990s. This is due to the above-average presence of people between 20 and 40 rather than a higher birthrate than elsewhere in the country. The borough has adapted to the trend by offering an abundance of playgrounds, daycare centers, as well as ( second-hand ) shops and cafes catering to the needs of young children and their parents. Over

1633-473: Is attributed to Caliph Al-Mu'tamid : The concept of sibagh is so subtle that none but the wise its depths may sound. Walnut and garlic with yogurt whey are the most you may need for it. Or make it with vinegar, mahrut , and coriander. But with anjudhan it will be even better. If not, then mustard and garlic mixed with anjudhan and onion, equal parts, will make your relish. Or with just vinegar and onion eat your fish and it will still be

1704-541: Is most favored, but Arabic tea is also a great refresher. Spices are often added to the coffee and other drinks. In the Khaleej al-Arab region, a guest should expect a dinner consisting of a very large platter called kabsa , shared commonly, with a large amount of spiced rice, with spicy lamb, chicken, or both as separate dishes, with various stewed vegetables, heavily spiced, sometimes with a tomato-based sauce . Different types of bread are served with toppings specific to

1775-407: Is mostly similar to what is served in lunch year-round, except that cold drinks are served. Suhur is the meal eaten just before dawn , when fasting must begin. It is eaten to help the person make it through the day with enough energy until dusk . In addition to the two meals eaten during Ramadan (one for dinner and one for Suhur before dawn), sweets are consumed much more than usual during

1846-484: Is often served with it in a traditional Maghrebian teapot. In the Maghreb region, a guest may find a table with different kinds of stews , called marqas or tajines . Dishes such as couscous and other semolina-based foods are also to be found. These main dishes are accompanied by smaller mezze -like plates with salads, sauces and dips. Breads such as m'semen , khobz and baguette are used to eat

1917-542: Is served with olive oil and murri . The cooking water may be sweetened with honey and seasoned with cilantro , rue , anise and black pepper , and used as a beverage either by itself with honey, or added to wine. Some vegetables are consumed raw, but the following are usually boiled: asparagus, cauliflower , white soy beans , leeks , orach , a variety of mushroom known as ghushina , chard , cabbage , carrot , turnip , fresh fennel and eggplant . Some vegetable dishes are served cold. One example of such

1988-427: Is that of a unified municipality ( Einheitsgemeinde ). The power of the borough governments is limited and their performance of assigned tasks is subject to regulatory supervision by the Senate. Nevertheless, the twelve self-governing boroughs have constitutional status and are themselves subdivided into two administrative bodies: each is governed by the borough assembly ( Bezirksverordnetenversammlung , BVV) and

2059-499: Is the Zeiss-Großplanetarium on Prenzlauer Allee, opened in 1987. In the west, bordering the borough of Wedding and adjacent to Friedrich Ludwig Jahn Sportpark , is a stretch of public green area called Mauerpark (Wall park). It consists of the former border zone, or "death strip" between both walls that separated East- and West Berlin. Before the war, the terrain was a site of a freight station. After reunification

2130-422: Is the meal for which the family comes together. Rarely do meals have different courses; however, salads and mezze are served as side dishes to the main meal. The platter usually consists of a portion of meat, poultry or fish, a portion of rice, lentils, bread and a portion of cooked vegetables, in addition to the fresh ones with the mezze and salad. The vegetables and meat are usually cooked together in

2201-485: Is usually flavored with cardamom , clove , or mint , and coffee with cardamom. Karakaden , Naqe'e Al Zabib , and diba'a are the most widespread cold beverages. Although each region has their own variation, saltah ( سلتة ) is considered the national dish of Yemen. The base is a brown meat is called maraq ( مرق ), a dollop of fenugreek froth, and sahawiq ( سحاوق ) or sahowqa (a mixture of chili peppers, tomatoes, garlic, and herbs ground into

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2272-484: The Battle of Berlin . Prenzlauer Berg is characterized by Wilhelmine buildings, that were erected at the turn of the 20th century (1889 to 1905). Over 80% of all housing in this area was constructed before 1948, with the oldest building still standing being from 1848 at Kastanienallee 77. Though substantial, there was less war-related destruction here than in other parts of the city, which were almost entirely wiped out by

2343-495: The Malabar Coast of India . The cuisine of Yemen is in some ways distinct from other Arab cuisines. As in most Arab countries, chicken, goat, and lamb are eaten more often than beef, and fish is eaten mostly in coastal areas. However, cheese, butter, and other dairy products are less common, especially in the cities and other urban areas. As with other Arab cuisines, the most widespread beverages are tea and coffee; tea

2414-487: The Second World War around 11% of Prenzlauer Berg's population were Jewish . In Nazi Germany (1933–1945), landmark buildings such as the water tower at Rykestraße and the office buildings at Froebelstraße were used as makeshift concentration camps and torture chambers . During the war years the city population decreased as many inhabitants were evacuated to the countryside to escape aerial bombardment. When

2485-539: The allied bombing campaign . Apart from the apartment buildings in the area around Ostseestraße built in the 1950s characterized by the architectural style of Socialist Classicism , the borough was mostly left alone by Socialist city planners until the 1980s when prestigious high rise buildings were built in Ernst-Thälmann-Park . During German Reunification , the borough's residential areas were characterized by dilapidated grey facades that had not seen

2556-593: The regional culinary traditions of the Arab world , consisting of the Maghreb (the west) and the Mashriq (the east). These cuisines are centuries old and reflect the culture of trading in ingredients, spices, herbs, and commodities among the Arabs . The regions have many similarities, but also unique traditions. They have also been influenced by climate, cultivation, and mutual commerce. The white bread barazidhaj

2627-517: The state-socialism of the GDR. They were soon joined by young anarchists from West-Berlin and other parts of Germany who set up collective projects ranging from bicycle workshops to community soup kitchens . Some of the squats contributed to the cultural life of the borough as they were venues for concerts, poetry slams , and underground movie screenings. They frequently came under attack by neonazi skinheads . While many squats were cleared out by

2698-411: The "bourgeois area of the new Berlin". Along with Friedrichshain , Neukölln , and Kreuzberg the district was a popular neighbourhood with the student population; however, since the late 1990s, the gentrification that paralleled the borough's rise in popularity resulted in an exodus of students to cheaper neighborhoods. In 2007, German journalist Henning Sußebach coined the term Bionade-Biedermeier ,

2769-481: The 1950s, and was immortalised in the DEFA film Ecke Schönhauser . With regard to urban planning, the district affords a relatively uniform picture. It is predominantly characterized by five-story, multiple dwelling units in closed blocks. Thanks to the long property lots, the blocks, more often than not, are large and have abundant backyards, some having a perimeter of more than a kilometer. Notable buildings include

2840-502: The 1960s onward, Prenzlauer Berg was associated with proponents of East Germany 's diverse counterculture including Christian activists, bohemians , state-independent artists, and the gay community . It was an important site for the peaceful revolution that brought down the Berlin Wall in 1989. In the 1990s the borough was also home to a vibrant squatting scene. It has since experienced rapid gentrification . Prenzlauer Berg

2911-424: The 20th century, carbonated soda and fruit-based drinks have also become very popular. Dinner is traditionally the lightest meal, although in modern times, dinner has become more important with regards to entertaining guests due to the hours of the workday. Iftar (also called Futuur ), or fast-breaking , is the meal taken at dusk when the fast is over. The meal consists of three courses: first, diners eat

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2982-530: The Andalucian-Moorish bastilla and albondigas have different traditional spice mixes and fillings. Many Arabic food words are borrowed from Aramaic , the language originally spoken by the indigenous Christian inhabitants of Iraq and Syria. South Arabian and Eastern Arabian cuisine today is the result of a combination of diverse influences, incorporating Levantine and Yemeni cuisines. Bukhari rice ( رز بخاري ) ( Ruz al Bukhari )

3053-692: The Arab cuisine. For instance, mujadara in Syria and Lebanon is different from mujadara in Jordan and Palestinian culture . Some dishes, such as mansaf (the national dish of Jordan), are native to certain countries and rarely, if ever, make an appearance in other countries. Unlike most Western recipes, cinnamon is used in meat dishes, as well as in sweets such as baklava . Dishes such as tajine and couscous can differ from Morocco to Libya, each having their own unique preparation. Other dishes, such as

3124-507: The area was turned into a public park, home to a weekly flea market and open air concerts. It attracts thousands of visitors on summer weekends. Prenzlauer Berg was developed during the second half of the 19th century based on 1862 urban planning designs by James Hobrecht , the so-called Hobrecht-Plan for Berlin. Prenzlauer Berg was part of what became known as the Wilhelmine Ring with a primarily working-class population. Before

3195-584: The area. The largest synagogue in Germany is that on Rykestraße . Construction began at the end of 1903 and it was dedicated on 4 September 1904. During the Third Reich the building escaped the antisemitic November pogrom in 1938, for the synagogue was tightly surrounded by residential buildings. The synagogue was desecrated and confiscated in April 1940. In July 1945, it reopened for services, underwent several renovations (1952/1953, 1976, 1987/1988) and on

3266-426: The borough that governs them. The neighborhoods are further subdivided into statistical tracts, which are mainly used for planning and statistical purposes. The statistical tracts correspond roughly but not exactly with neighborhoods recognized by residents. When Greater Berlin was established in 1920, the city was organized into twenty boroughs, most of which were named after their largest component neighborhood, often

3337-406: The borough were filled by high-class condominiums. Prenzlauer Berg is an almost homogeneous historic building area in which much of the pre-war architecture has been preserved and where there are still many cobbled streets and ornate buildings from the beginning of the 20th century. Over 300 buildings remain protected as historic monuments, like the municipal swimming pool at Oderberger Straße and

3408-538: The breweries on Milastraße and Knaackstraße. The borough is famous for its restaurants and bars. Although places that provide a truly traditional Berlin staple are few and far between, there is a vast array of restaurants offering Arab , Turkish , Vietnamese , Tex-Mex , and Italian cuisine , especially around Kastanienallee, Kollwitzplatz, and Helmholtzplatz. The area around the intersections of Schönhauser Allee , Danziger Straße, Eberswalder Straße, Kastanienallee and Pappelallee has been associated with youth culture since

3479-629: The city was divided by the allies, Prenzlauer Berg became part of the Soviet Sector and from 1947 onward part of the capital of the German Democratic Republic . From the 1960s onward, the borough's tenement houses (in German: Mietskasernen) were home to intellectuals, artists, students, and East Germany's gay community. In the interim between the peaceful revolution that brought down the wall in 1989 and

3550-645: The city, effectively separating West Berlin from East Berlin and the rest of East Germany. Three new boroughs were created in East Berlin: Marzahn was split off from Lichtenberg in 1979, Hohenschönhausen from Weissensee in 1985, and Hellersdorf from Marzahn in 1986. In 1989, the Berlin Wall fell, and the city was reunified. This marked the end of the Cold War and the beginning of a new era in Berlin's history. After reunification, Berlin underwent

3621-569: The consolidation of a united Germany that began a year later, as many as 39 Wilhelmine apartment houses were occupied by squatters in Prenzlauer Berg alone. Focal points were the areas around Kastanienallee, Teutoburger Platz, and Helmholtzplatz (locally known as " LSD -Borough" for the initials of its three main thoroughfares Lychener- Schliemann- and Dunckerstraße). The first ones to move in were young grassroots activists from Prenzlauer Berg in search of radical democratic alternatives to

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3692-604: The corner of Rykestraße and Knaackstraße near Kollwitzplatz . Built in 1877, it is the first water tower in Berlin. Historic buildings like the water tower, or the Prater Beer Garden in Kastanienallee, as well as the former brewery at Schönhauser Allee and Sredzkystraße still give an impression of the days when Prenzlauer Berg was part of the so-called Steinernes Berlin (Berlin of stone) as described by author Werner Hegemann in 1930. Another notable building

3763-489: The dinner table. Formal dinners and celebrations generally involve large quantities of lamb , and every occasion entails large quantities of Arabic coffee or Arabic tea . In the Khaleej al-Arab region, a visitor is greeted by a great table of dried fruits , fresh fruits, nuts and cakes with syrup. Dried fruits include figs, dates, apricots and plums . Fresh fruits include citruses, melons and pomegranate. Arabic coffee

3834-412: The existing boroughs into the current 12 boroughs, as listed below. The three boroughs that were not affected were Spandau , Reinickendorf and Neukölln , as the population of each was already exceeding 200,000. All the coats of arms of Berliner boroughs (the current as of the ones in the period 1990 to 2001) have some common points: The shield has a Spanish form and the coronet is represented by

3905-554: The first tier of the so-called Hauptverwaltung (central administration). In the second tier, the boroughs enjoy a certain grade of autonomy—though in no way comparable to the German Landkreise districts or independent cities , nor even to the local government of a common municipality as a legal entity, as according to the Berlin Constitution the legal status of the city as a German state itself

3976-636: The former West Berlin tend to vote for the CDU and the SPD, While voters in the former East Berlin tend to vote for Linke and the AfD. As of 2012, the twelve boroughs are made up of a total of 97 officially recognized neighborhoods or localities ( Ortsteile ). Almost all of these are further subdivided into several other zones (defined in German as Ortslagen, Teile, Stadtviertel, Orte etc.). The largest Ortsteil

4047-407: The higher living expenses and being replaced by more affluent newcomers. After the fall of the Berlin Wall , Prenzlauer Berg initially developed into a trendy district with numerous cafés, bars and clubs, especially in the streets around Kollwitzplatz and Helmholtzplatz, due to numerous vacant commercial spaces in the early 1990s. However, these early underground bars and clubs disappeared already in

4118-561: The large churches of the district, of which Gethsemane Church (designed by August Orth and built in 1891–1893) at Stargarder Straße is best known for its role in the peaceful revolution that brought down the Wall in 1989. Its 66-metre (217 ft) steeple is surpassed locally only by that of Segenskirche on Schönhauser Allee (79 metres (259 ft)) and of Immanuelkirche on Prenzlauer Allee (68 metres (223 ft)). School buildings planned by Ludwig Ernst Emil Hoffmann (1852–1932) also stand out in

4189-465: The mid-1990s with the increasing redevelopment and gentrification of the district. Apart from a few commercial discotheques in the Kulturbrauerei , there are no more clubs in Prenzlauer Berg since the 2010s. After the turn of the millennium, Prenzlauer Berg, with its now overpriced rents, stylish bars and chic stores, was soon regarded by many as the "spearhead of Berlin's gentrification" and as

4260-426: The month of Ramadan in which observant Muslims fast during the day. Cafés often serve croissants for breakfast. Breakfast is often a quick meal, consisting of bread and dairy products, with tea and sometimes jam . The most common breakfast items are labneh and cream ( kishta , made of cow's milk ). Lunch is considered the main meal of the day, and is traditionally eaten between 1:30 pm and 2:30 pm. It

4331-419: The month of Ramadan; sweets and fresh fruits are served between these two meals. Although most sweets are made all year-round such as kanafeh , baklava, and basbousa , some are made especially for Ramadan, such as qatayef . Essential to any cooking in the Arab world is the concept of hospitality and generosity. Meals are generally large family affairs, with much sharing and a great deal of warmth over

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4402-460: The mustard sauce, and another made by mashing vinegar-soaked raisins with garlic, walnut, mustard, vinegar, and seasonings like asafetida and anise . From the seventh Abbasid caliph Al-Ma'mun 's recipe collection comes a sibagh made with whey , walnut, garlic, olive oil and murri . There are similar recipes meant for poultry dishes prepared with seasonings like ginger, pomegranate, spikenard , and cloves. A surviving poem about sibagh

4473-483: The occasion of its 100th anniversary it was restored to its original splendor. In the Jewish Cemetery on Schönhauser Allee, opened in 1827, there are more than 22,500 graves and 750 family tombs, including the graves of David Friedländer , Max Liebermann , Leopold Ullstein , Ludwig Bamberger , Eduard Lasker , and Giacomo Meyerbeer . A landmark in Prenzlauer Berg is the former water tower "Fat Hermann" at

4544-400: The poet Kushajim: Dinars of carnelian and gold in a vessel so delicate, it may almost melt and flow. All radiating with luster like carnelian shimmering on pearls. In the vessel harmoniously combined, here together and there disperse. The spices emitting fragrance like wine mingled with sweet breeze. On top are pearls and silver decked with gems, Which the cook delicately fashioned,

4615-431: The police by 1998, some inhabitants entered into contracts with the city and were able to stay on. Most of Prenzlauer Berg's urban apartment blocks had belonged to the state-owned housing associations of the GDR. After reunification they were placed into a privatization scheme and were bought up by private investors who renovated the buildings and raised the rents. This led to many original residents being unable to afford

4686-436: The region. Tea would certainly accompany the meal, as it is almost constantly consumed. Coffee would also be served. In the Maghreb region, a visitor will find a table full of bread-like snacks, including m’semen , baghrir , and other stuffed breads. These are served with honey, rosewater or olive oil. There are also many different cookies and cakes included accompanied by plates with different kinds of nuts. Mint tea

4757-837: The stews. In an average Arab Levantine household, a visitor might expect a table full of mezzes , breads topped with spices including za'atar and nuts. In the Levant , Arabic coffee is a much-loved beverage, but Arabic tea is also much enjoyed in Jordan and Palestinian culture. In the Levant, a guest will find a table with different kinds of mezzes , nuts, dips and oils. Mezzes include hummus , baba ghanoush , falafel , kibbeh , kafta , smoked vegetables and tabouli salads. The nuts can differ from almonds to walnuts, with different spice coatings. The dips and oils include hummus and olive oil. There are many regional differences in

4828-457: The unchanged boroughs of Neukölln, Reinickendorf and Spandau have not changed their field. The coat of arms of Pankow was created with a new design in 2008, having been the only district without an emblem for 7 years. The borough government is part of the two-tier administration of the Berlin city-state , whereby the Senate and its affiliated agencies, institutions, and municipal enterprises form

4899-1508: The years many artists chose Prenzlauer Berg as their residence: painter and sculptor Käthe Kollwitz , early film maker Max Skladanowsky , poets Adolf Endler , Annemarie Bostroem , and Heinz Kahlau , theater director Christoph Schlingensief , writers Jurek Becker , Bruno Apitz , Peter Hacks , Herbert Nachbar , Dieter Noll , Klaus Schlesinger, Klaus Kordon, Uwe Kolbe, Paul Alfred Kleinert , Florian Illies , Wladimir Kaminer , and Detlef Opitz, sculptor Olaf Nicolai , painters Cornelia Schleime, Elke Pollack, and Konrad Knebel, photographers Thomas Florschuetz, Helga Paris , and Nicolaus Schmidt , film director Tom Tykwer , keyboardist Jörn-Uwe Fahrenkrog-Petersen , playwright René Pollesch , musicians Gerhard Schöne, Christian Lillinger, Nina Hagen , Dirk von Lowtzow ( Tocotronic ), and Till Lindemann , ( Rammstein ), actors Fredy Sieg, Eva-Maria Hagen , Heike Makatsch , Katharina Wackernagel , David Bennent , Daniel Brühl , August Diehl , Kurt Krömer , and Matthias Schweighöfer , comic-strip artist Flix, as well as TV and radio presenters Hans Rosenthal , Alfred Biolek , Sarah Kuttner , Sandra Maischberger , and Benjamin Tewaag. Boroughs and localities of Berlin Since 2001, Berlin has been made up of twelve districts, each with its own administrative body. However because Berlin

4970-526: Was made in two varieties, labiq (soft, thin flatbreads) and jarmazaj (dry, thin bread flavored with tamarisk seeds). Numerous recipes for sauces ( sibagh ) have survived from historic Arabic cookbooks . The 10th-century Kitab al-Tabikh written by Ibn Sayyar al-Warraq gives several recipes to be served with roasted fish, attributed to the various sources. To Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi are credited two sibagh recipes, one prepared by adding rue , caraway , thyme, asafetida and cassia to

5041-649: Was made with high-quality wheat flour, similar to raqaq bread but thicker, the fermented dough was leavened usually with yeast and "baker's borax " ( buraq ) and baked in a tandoor . One poetic verse describing this bread: "In the farthest end of Karkh of Baghdad , a baker I saw offering bread, wondrous fair. From purest essence of wheat contrived. Radiant and absolute, you may see your image reflected, crystal clear. Barazij rounds glowing with lovely whiteness, more playful than gorgeous singing girls, They look like crystal trays, and were they indeed so, they would have served us as plates. Raqaq bread

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