6-558: Probathyopsis is an extinct genus of Uintatheriidae . It was similar to Prodinoceras . Probathyopsis lived in the United States in the Paleocene epoch. Its name means "before Bathyopsis ". Males of Probathyopsis reached 300 kg (660 lb) in body mass. This prehistoric mammal -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Uintatheriidae See text Dinocerata (from
12-476: The Greek δεινός ( deinós ), "terrible", and κέρας ( kéras ), "horn") or Uintatheria , also known as uintatheres , is an extinct order of large herbivorous hoofed mammals with horns and protuberant canine teeth, known from the Paleocene and Eocene of Asia and North America. With body masses ranging up to 4,500 kilograms (9,900 lb) they represent some of the earliest known large mammals. Over
18-519: The maxillary and parietal bones of the skull, along with the development of elongated upper canines. The upper incisors were also lost, and the bilophodont nature of the molar teeth was enhanced. Uintatheriids are suggested to have been browsers . The oldest and most primitive members of the group, such as Prodinoceras , appeared virtually simultaneously during the late Paleocene in North America and Asia, indicating connection between
24-412: The course of their evolution, dinoceratans underwent a great increase in body size, from a weight of 175 kilograms (386 lb) in the earliest species to a weight of up to 4,500 kilograms (9,900 lb) in the largest species, co-inciding with the development of fully graviportal limbs with a digitigrade posture. Later members of the order are noted for their distinctive pairs of horns that develop from
30-462: The sister group to the South American native ungulate group Xenungulata . A close relationship with Xenungulata was first proposed in 1985, with the proposed clade containing both groups named Uintatheriamorpha, though other authors have suggested that these similarities are likely to be due to convergence. Dinocerata is generally divided into two families, "Prodinoceratidae", containing
36-686: The two landmasses, with uintatheres continuing to exchange between the landmasses during the Eocene, as suggested by the presence of Uintatherium in both North America and China. Uintatheres became extinct towards the end of the Middle Eocene, for unknown reasons. The affinities of the group within Placentalia have historically been contentious. A 2015 phylogenetic study recovered Dinocerata as part of Laurasiatheria , closely related to ungulates and " condylarths ", with Dinocerata placed as
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