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67-518: The Pyramid Companies (Pyramid) was founded as a small construction company in 1968 in Syracuse, New York by Robert J. Congel in partnership with Michael J. Falcone and Joseph T. Scuderi. The company grew slowly at first, with their first break coming when they won a $ 13,000 contract to lay sewer pipe. Hoping to become involved in more lucrative ventures, Congel contacted Simon Property Group , an Indianapolis, Indiana developer. The Simons gave Congel

134-772: A White-Modell's department store and Loblaws supermarket as anchors. These malls were much smaller, community-type centers compared to the company's later projects. Pyramid's next shopping centers, regarded as their "pioneer malls", were Pyramid Mall Ithaca (later The Shops at Ithaca Mall ) in Lansing, New York , Pyramid Mall Plattsburgh (later Champlain Centre South) in Plattsburgh, New York , and Pyramid Mall Saratoga (later Saratoga Mall ) in Saratoga Springs, New York . All three malls opened in 1975 and marked

201-593: A hot-summer humid continental climate ( Dfa ), as mean July temperatures are just above the 71.6 °F (22.0 °C) threshold needed for a hot-summer climate. The city is known for its high snowfall, 115.6 inches (2.94 meters) on average; Syracuse receives the most annual average snow of any metropolitan area in the United States. Syracuse usually wins the Golden Snowball Award among Upstate cities. Its record seasonal (July 1 to June 30 of

268-561: A fair chance..." Syracuse implemented this policy and attracted a high proportion of women students. In the College of Liberal Arts, the ratio between male and female students during the 19th century was approximately even. The College of Fine Arts was predominantly female, and a low ratio of women enrolled in the College of Medicine and the College of Law. The first New York State Fair was held in Syracuse in 1841. Between 1842 and 1889,

335-418: A few nickels and dimes around for PR purposes. Greed is their motivation, and only greed. I would never trust anything they say. They are the worst kind of corporate citizen." Whereas Pyramid will often maintain ownership and management of their projects for many years following construction, they periodically sell off their properties. When they do so they often use the "financial tear parts" strategy, such as

402-405: A means of forcing cities and towns, where tax assessment offices are often undermanned and poorly equipped, to lower tax obligations on Pyramid properties. These methods triggered controversy and lawsuits, and Pyramid became known for their conflicts with small business owners, residents, and environmentalists. A notable example of the latter is Pyramid's plan for construction of Crossgates Mall in

469-482: A number of rare species, including Lepidoptera such as the Karner blue butterfly ( Plebejus melissa samuelis ) and the barrens buck moth ( Hemileuca maia ). The American Indians used fire to maintain such areas as rangeland. Suppression of wildfires has allowed larger climax forest vegetation to take over in most one-time barrens. Barrens are dependent on fire to prevent invasion by less fire-tolerant species. In

536-512: A period of several days. Larger snowfalls do occur occasionally, and even more so in the northern suburbs. The Blizzard of 1993 was described as the Storm of the Century. Some 42.9 in (109 cm) fell on the city within 48 hours, with 35.6 in (90 cm) falling within the first 24 hours. Syracuse received more snow than any other city in the country during this storm, which shattered

603-567: A suburb just outside Albany, New York . Under subsidiaries , the company purchased parcels in the Pine Bush , one of the largest of the world's 20 remaining inland pine barrens . When revealed in 1978, residents and local environmentalists sued the company under the New York State Environmental Quality Review Act , intending to halt construction. While the mall was completed and opened in 1984,

670-665: A total of eight local records, including the most snow in a single snowstorm. A second notable snowfall was the Blizzard of 1966 , with 42.3 in (107 cm). The Blizzard of '58 occurred in February (16–17th) across Oswego and Onondaga counties. This storm was classified as a blizzard due to the high winds, blowing snow, and cold; 26.1 in (66 cm) of snow was measured at Syracuse and drifts reached 20 ft (6.1 m) in Oswego County. (See Thirtieth Publication of

737-652: A two-day seminar on the principles of the shopping center development, teaching him design, building, and financing. In a couple years, Pyramid had begun developing shopping centers in Upstate New York . Their first three were Pyramid Mall Johnstown in Johnstown, New York , Pyramid Mall Fulton in Fulton, New York , and Pyramid Mall Oneonta in Oneonta, New York . All three malls opened in 1972. Each mall featured

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804-577: Is Destiny USA , which the company promoted as a boon to the Syracuse, New York region and Upstate New York . According to a 1998 Business West article, a town supervisor from Watertown, New York , once referred to Pyramid's actions as a ' con job .' Following this statement, Pyramid filed a libel suit against the supervisor, who responded: "Where they might fail, they threaten legal action to attempt to intimidate [...] they file lawsuits based on distortions, half-truths and falsehoods. They try to portray themselves as good corporate citizens by throwing

871-1029: Is a dominant player in the Northeastern region along with Simon Property Group, and Brookfield (formerly General Growth). As of September 2024, Pyramid is the largest privately owned developer of shopping malls in the northeastern United States, owning 9 properties in total, with 8 in New York and one in Massachusetts . In 2021 it was reported that out of the 20 most visited shopping centers in America, four are owned by Pyramid, Destiny USA in Syracuse, New York , Palisades Center in West Nyack, New York , Walden Galleria in Buffalo, New York , and Crossgates Mall in Albany, New York . In November 2014,

938-413: Is a list of malls and power centers that were either closed by Pyramid, or sold to another company. Syracuse, New York Syracuse ( / ˈ s ɪr ə k j uː z , ˈ s ɛr -, - k j uː s / SIRR -ə-kewz, SERR -, -⁠kewss ) is a city in and the county seat of Onondaga County, New York , United States. With a population of 148,620 and a metropolitan area of 662,057, it

1005-414: Is added to prevent bacterial growth. Most of the environmental work to achieve lake cleanup was scheduled to be completed by 2016; however Honeywell , the company tasked with the cleanup, announced the project's completion in late 2017. For periods of drought, there is also a backup line which uses water from Lake Ontario . Onondaga Creek , a waterway that runs through downtown, flows northward through

1072-442: Is believed that sometime in 2002, the company received an offer for $ 6 Billion. Pyramid has generally practiced a stealth development strategy, targeting potentially under-valued land already zoned for commercial use, which they then purchase their own financing. After adequate parcels have been acquired, they announce their development project and begin the process of obtaining municipal approvals. A notable exception to this strategy

1139-407: Is found in the densely developed downtown , which has only 4.6% trees. Syracuse's main water source is Skaneateles Lake , one of the country's cleanest lakes, located 15 mi (24 km) southwest of the city. Water from nearby Onondaga Lake is not potable due to industrial dumping that spanned many decades, leaving the lake heavily polluted. Incoming water is left unfiltered, and chlorine

1206-821: Is the Episcopal St. Paul's Cathedral . Both cathedrals are located at Columbus Circle . They represent their respective dioceses , the Diocese of Syracuse (Roman Catholic) and the Diocese of Central New York (Episcopal). The Assembly of God , the American Baptist Churches of the US, the Southern Baptist Convention , and the United Church of Christ are other Protestant denominations, and they have their state offices in

1273-599: Is the fifth-most populated city and 13th-most populated municipality in the state of New York . Formally established in 1820, Syracuse was named after the classical Greek city Syracuse ( Siracusa in Italian), a city on the eastern coast of the Italian island of Sicily , for its similar natural features. It has historically functioned as a major crossroads , first between the Erie Canal and its branch canals, then of

1340-475: Is the source of salt for the "salty springs" found along the shoreline of Onondaga Lake. The rapid development of this industry in the 18th and 19th centuries led to the nicknaming of this area as "The Salt City". The original settlement of Syracuse was a conglomeration of several small towns and villages and was not recognized with a post office by the United States Government . Establishing

1407-718: The American Revolutionary War , the highly decentralized Iroquois divided into groups and bands that supported the British, and two tribes that supported the American-born rebels, or patriots. Settlers came into central and western New York from eastern parts of the state and New England after the American Revolutionary War and various treaties with and land sales by Native American tribes. The subsequent designation of this area by

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1474-488: The Berkshire Mall , Pyramid and a contractor paid more than $ 240,000 in fines for filling in a wetland, relocating a stream, and laying drinking water and sewage pipes in the same trench. According to a 1998 Business West article: Pyramid brings to the table a sophisticated knowledge of land-use and zoning laws and a mastery of local political processes to achieve its ends. A common tactic is to employ litigation as

1541-529: The jack pine , red pine , pitch pine , blackjack oak , and scrub oak ; a scattering of larger oaks is not unusual. The understory includes grasses, sedges , and forbs, many of them common in dry prairies , and rare plants such as the sand-plain gerardia ( Agalinis acuta ). Plants of the heath family, such as blueberries and bearberry , and shrubs, such as prairie willow and hazel , are common. These species have adaptations that permit them to survive or regenerate well after fire. Pine barrens support

1608-590: The railway network . Today, the city is at the intersection of Interstates 81 and 90 , and its airport is the largest in Central New York , a five-county region of over one million inhabitants. Syracuse is the economic and educational hub of Central New York. It hosts a number of convention sites, including a large downtown convention complex , and is home to prominent institutions such as Syracuse University , SUNY Upstate Medical University , SUNY ESF , and Le Moyne College . French missionaries were

1675-551: The 2010 count. Work Area Profile Report Worker Age Earnings Christianity: Most Christians in Syracuse are Catholic, reflecting the influence of 19th and early 20th-century immigration patterns, when numerous Irish, German, Italian and eastern European Catholics settled in the city. The city has the Roman Catholic Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception . Syracuse is also home to

1742-520: The 2014 estimates from the American Community Survey, the median income for a household in the city was $ 31,566, and the median income for a family was $ 38,794. Males had a median income of $ 39,537 versus $ 33,983 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 19,283. About 28.2% of families and 35.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 50% of those under age 18 and 16.7% of those age 65 and over. As of 2017,

1809-511: The Fair was held among 11 New York cities before finding a permanent home in Syracuse. It has been an annual event since then, except between 1942 and 1947, when the grounds were used as a military base during World War II, and in 2020, due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic . As part of the racial incidents happening all over the country during the 1919 Red Summer , on July 31, 1919, there

1876-604: The Greater Syracuse area. The dozens of churches in Syracuse include Seventh-Day Adventist, Eastern Orthodox , Jehovah's Witness , Christian Science , Reformed Presbyterian , and Metaphysical Christian. Buddhism : Buddhism is represented by the Zen Center of Syracuse on the Seneca Turnpike; as well as a center on Park Street, on the city's Northside. Hinduism : Hindu houses of worship include

1943-530: The Hindu Mandir of Central New York in Liverpool. Islam : The Islamic Society of Central New York Mosque is located on Comstock Avenue and Muhammad's Study Group on West Kennedy Street. Judaism: Several synagogues are located in the Syracuse metropolitan area, including Beth Shalom-Chevra Chas, Temple Adath Yeshurun, Shaarei Torah Orthodox Congregation of Syracuse, and Temple Concord , considered

2010-733: The Oswego County Historical Society, (1969) and The Climate and Snow Climatology of Oswego N.Y., (1971) Syracuse on average receives an annual precipitation of 38.47 inches (977 millimeters), with the months of July through September being the wettest in terms of total precipitation, while precipitation occurs on more days each month during the snow season. The normal monthly mean temperature ranges from 23.6 °F (−4.7 °C) in January to 71.3 °F (21.8 °C) in July. The record high of 102 °F (39 °C)

2077-504: The Pyramid-owned Walden Galleria in Buffalo, NY was involved in a national controversy regarding their Black Friday policy. Mall management told their tenants that they must open at 6:00pm on Thanksgiving Day, or be fined $ 200 for every hour, The Congel family is the largest privately held shopping center developer in the Northeastern region. They have also appeared on the billionaires list. The following

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2144-501: The United States Census Bureau indicated an estimated population of 146,396. Syracuse ranks 50th in the United States for transit ridership and 12th for most pedestrian commuters . Each day, 38,332 people commute into Onondaga County from the four adjoining counties (2006). In the results of the 2020 Census, Syracuse experienced population growth for the first time in over 70 years, having grown 2.4% since

2211-402: The absence of fire, barrens will proceed through successional stages from pine forest to a larger climax forest, such as oak-hickory forest . However, temperatures in a white pine forest on Long Island were high enough to destroy the pine cones which led to a slow recovery of the pine forest that varied depending on the availability of seedlings and the spatial variability in the conditions in

2278-728: The beginning of widespread changes in shopping center construction and ownership. Of these three malls, the Plattsburgh and Saratoga properties were demolished for strip centers, but the Ithaca property is still in operation as of September 2020. Following these initial successes, Pyramid began a rapid expansion. By 1976 they had completed 22 shopping centers, several office buildings and project for Syracuse University . The founding partners split in 1978 to pursue their individual passions. Congel wanted to concentrate on shopping mall development, whereas Falcone and Scuderi were more interested in

2345-548: The biggest and fastest-growing builder of shopping malls around, but also as a corporate operator--aggressive, prolific and proud of it. One company executive referred to Pyramid's squadrons of young executives as "the Green Berets of mall-building." In order to plan, finance, construct, and litigate on behalf of these complex projects, corporate headhunters would recruit talented lawyers and M.B.A.s from prestigious colleges and universities, seeking those who would thrive in

2412-557: The census of 2010, there were 145,170 people, 57,355 households, and 28,455 families residing in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 56.0% White , 29.5% African American , 1.1% Native American , 5.5% Asian , 0.03% Pacific Islander , 2.7% from other races , and 5.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 8.3% of the population. The largest ancestries include Italian (29.5%), Irish (18.4%), Polish (15.3%), German (9.6%), English (4.5%), and Slovak (3.6%). Non-Hispanic Whites were 52.8% of

2479-533: The center of Gustav Stickley 's handmade furniture empire. On March 24, 1870, Syracuse University was founded. The State of New York granted the new university its own charter, independent of Genesee College , which had unsuccessfully tried to move to Syracuse the year before. The university was founded as coeducational. President Peck stated at the opening ceremonies, "The conditions of admission shall be equal to all persons... there shall be no invidious discrimination here against woman.... brains and heart shall have

2546-413: The city over the years. Although the central part of Syracuse is flat, many of its neighborhoods are on small hills such as University Hill and Tipperary Hill . Land to the north of Syracuse is generally flat, while land to the south is hilly. About 27% of Syracuse's land area is covered by 890,000 trees — a higher percentage than in Albany , Rochester , or Buffalo . The Labor Day Storm of 1998

2613-467: The city population has declined since 1950, the Syracuse metropolitan area population has remained fairly stable, growing by 2.5% since 1970. While this growth rate is greater than much of Upstate New York, it is far below the national average during that period. The Syracuse Community Grid project is a 2023 highway teardown project taking place in Downtown Syracuse, with the goal of improving

2680-463: The city. Syracuse is located at 43°2′49″N 76°8′40″W  /  43.04694°N 76.14444°W  / 43.04694; -76.14444 (43.046899, −76.144423). It is located about 87 miles (140 km) east of Rochester , 150 miles (240 km) east of Buffalo , and 145 miles (230 km) west of the state capital, Albany . It is also the halfway point between New York City and Toronto , about 245 miles (390 km) from each, Toronto to

2747-807: The city. General Electric , with its headquarters in Schenectady to the east, had its main television manufacturing plant at Electronics Parkway in Syracuse. The manufacturing industry in Syracuse began to falter in the 1970s, as the industry restructured nationwide. Many small businesses failed during this time, which contributed to the already increasing unemployment rate. Rockwell International moved its factory outside New York state. General Electric moved its television manufacturing operations to Suffolk, Virginia , and later offshore to Asia. The Carrier Corporation moved its headquarters out of Syracuse, relocated its manufacturing operations out of state, and outsourced some of its production to Asian facilities. Although

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2814-633: The city. The Onondaga Creekwalk borders this, connecting the Lakefront , Inner Harbor , Franklin Square and Armory Square neighborhoods. The creek continues through the Valley and ultimately to the Onondaga Nation . The creek is navigable, but it can be a challenge. Its channelized nature speeds up its flow, particularly in the spring, when it may be dangerous. After some youngsters drowned in

2881-702: The combined novitiate of the United States Northeast (UNE) and Maryland Provinces of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). The historic Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus is located near downtown (Roman Catholic, with Mass, offered in English and Polish). Tridentine Mass is offered multiple times a week at Transfiguration Parish in the Eastside neighborhood. Another major historic church

2948-478: The company's intense, fast-paced environment and work any schedule necessary to complete a project. Many of the company's alumni would go on to establish their own development companies and legal firms around the country. In 1998, Congel made an attempt to sell his shopping center empire to General Growth Properties for $ 4 Billion. His eldest son held up the deal, resulting in disgruntled Pyramid partners, who ultimately sued and then settled for an undisclosed sum. It

3015-497: The corner of Tompkins Street and Milton Avenue to commemorate this history. World War II stimulated significant industrial expansion in the area: of specialty steel, fasteners, and custom machining. After the war, two of the Big Three automobile manufacturers ( General Motors and Chrysler ) had major operations in the area. Syracuse was also headquarters for Carrier Corporation , and Crouse-Hinds manufactured traffic signals in

3082-415: The creek, some residential areas fenced-off the creek in their neighborhoods. The City of Syracuse officially recognizes 26 neighborhoods within its boundaries. Some of these have small additional neighborhoods and districts inside of them. In addition, Syracuse also owns and operates Syracuse Hancock International Airport on the territory of four towns north of the city. Syracuse's neighborhoods reflect

3149-528: The environmentalists won a number of legal battles, establishing environmental case law . The battle resulted in the formation of environmental group Save the Pine Bush , which remains in active legal conflict over Pyramid-controlled properties in the Pine Bush nearly four decades later. According to a 1988 Boston Globe profile, the Pyramid Companies established a reputation not only as

3216-552: The first Europeans to come to this area, arriving to work with and convert the Native Americans in the mid-17th century. At the invitation of the Onondaga Nation , one of the five nations of the Iroquois Confederacy , a Jesuit priest by the name of Simon Le Moyne , accompanied by soldiers and coureurs des bois , including Pierre Esprit Radisson , set up a mission, known as Ste. Marie de Gannentaha , on

3283-620: The following year) snowfall so far is 192.1 in (4.88 m) during the winter of 1992–93, while the snowiest calendar month was January 2004, with 78.1 in (1.98 m) accumulated. The high snowfall is a result of the city receiving both heavy snow from the lake effect of nearby Lake Ontario (of the Great Lakes) and nor'easter snow from storms driven from the Atlantic Ocean. Snow most often falls in small (about 1–3 inches or 2.5–7.6 centimetres), almost daily doses, over

3350-465: The historically ethnic and multicultural population. Traditionally, Irish, Polish and Ukrainian Americans settled on its west side (see Tipperary Hill ); Jewish Americans on its east side; German and Italian Americans on the north side; and African-Americans on its south side. In recent years, large numbers of refugees from the Middle East have settled mainly on the north side as well. Syracuse has

3417-434: The hottest, third-hottest, and fourth-hottest summers on record. Additionally, 2017 and 2018 saw consecutive monthly high temperature records broken in February, of 71 °F (22 °C) on February 24, 2017, and 75 °F (24 °C) on February 21, 2018, in addition to four consecutive days at or above 60 °F (16 °C). The latter was the warmest winter day on record. See or edit raw graph data . As of

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3484-774: The most polluted in the nation. The salt industry declined after the Civil War, but a new manufacturing industry arose in its place. Throughout the late 1800s and early 1900s, numerous businesses and stores were established, including the Franklin Automobile Company , which produced the first air-cooled engine in the world; the Century Motor Vehicle Company ; the Smith Corona company; and the Craftsman Workshops,

3551-449: The name "Syracuse" to a group of fellow townsmen; it became the name of the village and the new post office. The first Solvay Process Company plant in the United States was erected on the southwestern shore of Onondaga Lake in 1884. The village was called Solvay to commemorate the inventor Ernest Solvay . In 1861, he developed the ammonia-soda process for the manufacture of soda ash (anhydrous sodium carbonate) from brine wells dug in

3618-946: The ninth-oldest Jewish house of worship in the United States. Pine barrens Pine barrens , pine plains , sand plains , or pineland areas occur throughout the U.S. from Florida to Maine (see Atlantic coastal pine barrens ) as well as the Midwest , West , and Canada and parts of Eurasia . Perhaps the most well known pine-barrens area to North Americans is the New Jersey Pine Barrens . Pine barrens are generally pine forests in otherwise "barren" and agriculturally challenging areas. Such pine forests often occur on dry, acidic, infertile soils, and also include grasses , forbs , and low shrubs . The most extensive pine barrens occur in large areas of sandy glacial deposits (including outwash plains ), lakebeds, and outwash terraces along rivers. The most common trees are

3685-559: The northeast shore of Onondaga Lake . Jesuit missionaries reported salty brine springs around the southern end of what they referred to as "Salt Lake", known today as Onondaga Lake in honor of the historic tribe. French fur traders established trade throughout the New York area among the Iroquois. Dutch and English colonists also were traders, and the English nominally claimed the area, from their upstate base at Albany, New York . During

3752-581: The northwest and NYC to the southeast. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 66 square kilometres (25.6 square miles), of which 65 square kilometres (25.1 square miles) is land and 1.6 square kilometres (0.6 square miles) (2.15%) water. The city developed at the northeast corner of the Finger Lakes region. The city has many neighborhoods that were originally independent villages, which joined

3819-545: The office market. Over the next decade, Congel and Pyramid built a dozen malls in New York and Massachusetts, during which time Congel and his team honed their development and management methods. When planning new projects, they targeted markets where a new regional shopping mall might thrive, either through unmet demand or, when markets had become saturated, by targeting competing malls. They then identified parcels of inexpensive land in close proximity to interstates or major arterial roads . This practice occasionally resulted in

3886-476: The population in 2010, down from 87.2% in 1970. Suburbanization attracted residents outside the city, even as new immigrant and migrant groups increased. There were 57,355 households, out of which 29% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 9.3% were married couples living together, 20.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 50.4% were non-families. 38.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who

3953-579: The post office was delayed because the settlement did not have a name. Joshua Forman wanted to name the village Corinth . When John Wilkinson applied for a post office in that name in 1820, it was denied because the same name was already in use in Saratoga County, New York . Having read a poetic description of Syracuse, Sicily (Siracusa), Wilkinson saw similarities to the lake and salt springs of this area, which had both "salt and freshwater mingling together". On February 4, 1820, Wilkinson proposed

4020-413: The selection of environmentally sensitive land or brownfields , which were purchased by Pyramid using affiliated subsidiaries . Once selected, Pyramid could usually complete its projects in half the time of other developers, needing only six to nine months from groundbreaking to completion. To achieve this, the firm often skirted the edge of acceptable business practices. For example, during construction of

4087-406: The southern end of Tully valley (as a source of sodium chloride) and limestone (as a source of calcium carbonate). The process was an improvement over the earlier Leblanc process. The Syracuse Solvay plant was the incubator for a large chemical industry complex owned by Allied Signal in Syracuse. While this industry stimulated development and provided many jobs in Syracuse, it left Onondaga Lake as

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4154-542: The state of New York as the Onondaga Salt Springs Reservation provided the basis for commercial salt production. Such production took place from the late 1700s through the early 1900s. Brine from wells that tapped into halite (common salt) beds in the Salina shale near Tully, New York , 15 miles south of the city, was developed in the 19th century. It is the north-flowing brine from Tully that

4221-451: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 3.14. The city's age distribution was as follows: 19% of residents were under the age of 15, 23% from 15 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 91 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.89 males. According to

4288-610: Was a derecho that destroyed approximately 30,000 trees. The sugar maple accounts for 14.2% of Syracuse's trees, followed by the Northern white cedar (9.8%) and the European buckthorn (6.8%). The most common street tree is the Norway maple (24.3%), followed by the honey locust (9.3%). The densest tree cover in Syracuse is in the two Valley neighborhoods, where 46.6% of the land is covered by trees. The lowest tree cover percentage

4355-607: Was a violent riot between white and black workers of the Syracuse Globe Malleable Iron Works. Syracuse is home to the only "green on top" traffic light . The "green on top" traffic light was installed in 1928 as a result of local youths throwing rocks at the "British red" light that was originally on top. These locals became known as "stonethrowers" and the neighborhood now has the Tipperary Hill Heritage Memorial on

4422-473: Was done at Pyramid Mall Saratoga in the Saratoga Springs, New York suburb of Wilton during the late 1980s. The theory of the strategy is that optimum profit from a development can be achieved by deconstructing the ownership into financial "tear parts", the aggregate sale price of which would exceed the sale price for entire unit. In the case of Pyramid Mall Saratoga, Pyramid sold the land, structure, and management contracts each to separate investors. Pyramid

4489-434: Was recorded on July 9, 1936, and the record low of −26 °F (−32 °C) has occurred three times since 1942, the last being February 18, 1979. In the early 21st century, a handful of previous heat records have been broken in the city. For example, July 2020 became the hottest month on record, with a mean temperature of 77.1 °F (25.1 °C), while the summers (June–August) of 2005, 2020, and 2012 were, respectively,

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