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44-631: Qingjiangpu is named for the Qingjiangpu River , a canal dug across Shanyang County in 1415 to more safely connect the Huai and Yellow Rivers . The canal itself was named for the "Clear River" ( 清江 , Qīngjiāng ), a name first applied to the Si owing to its greater clarity than the Huai where they met near present-day Hongze Lake and then applied to the Huai itself owing to its greater clarity than

88-603: A broad and level lower course. It was long used to irrigate the surrounding farmlands, and was the center of an extensive network of canals and tributaries. Beginning in 1194, however, the Yellow River to the north repeatedly changed its course southwards to run into the Huai River. The resulting silting was so heavy that after the Yellow River changed back to its northerly course for the most recent time in 1897,

132-810: Is a football stadium with a capacity of 30,000. Huai'an is served by the Xinyi-Changxing railway , which has a station in Huaiyin District. Being at the intersection of the Grand Canal and Huai River Huai'an is an important inland port . The city is also served by nearby Huai'an Lianshui International Airport . Currently the airport is served by China Eastern Airlines, which offers flights to Beijing-Capital, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Shanghai-Hongqiao, Shanghai-Pudong, Wenzhou, Wuhan, Xiamen, and Xi'an. Several other airlines offer domestic flights to cities such as Nanning and Zhengzhou. The airport

176-587: Is known as " Jianghuai ", referring to its position between the Huai River and the Yangtze , long known poetically in China as simply "The River" ( 江 , Jiāng ). The local dialect is a form of Jianghuai or Lower Yangtze Mandarin . Similarly, the local cuisine is Jianghuai or Huaiyang cuisine , historically considered one of the four chief styles of true Chinese cooking . The Huai'an City Sports Stadium

220-672: Is known as the birthplace of Han Xin , a famed general who helped found the Han dynasty and overwhelm Xiang Yu in Chu-han contention ; Wu Cheng'en (1500–1582), the Ming author of Journey to the West ; and Zhou Enlai (1898–1976), a prominent and early Chinese Communist leader who served as premier of the PRC from 1949 until his death in 1976. Huai'an is the atonal pinyin romanization of

264-527: Is located in Xuyi . Now part of Huai'an, the area around it was administered as the separate Sizhou Prefecture during the Yuan , when it was the home of the family of the future Hongwu Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang. Although his family moved to Fengyang in present-day Anhui before his birth, he erected a large mausoleum in honor of his grandfather, great-grandfather, and great-great-grandfather after his establishment of

308-457: Is mild, generally warm and temperate. Winters are much drier than summers. Its Köppen climate classification is Cwa: humid subtropical climate with dry winters. The prefecture-level city of Huai'an administers 7 county-level divisions , including 4 urban districts and 3 more rural counties . These are further divided into 127 township-level divisions , including 84 towns , 33 townships , and 10 subdistricts . Huai'an lies southeast of

352-488: Is named for the Huai River , the historical boundary between Northern and Southern Chinese culture . Once much closer to the East China Sea , it now lies in the middle of Jianghuai , the vast alluvial plain created by silt from the Huai and from the Yellow River , which flowed nearby for centuries prior to the massive floods in the mid-19th century which returned it to its old course north of Shandong . Huai'an

396-702: The Chinese Civil War , it fell to the Communist army in December 1948. On 21 April 1949, the area was reorganized as Huaiyin District and divided into the 10 counties of Guanyun, Huaiyin, Huaibao (western Huai'an and Baoyin with its seat at Chahe), Lianshui, Pisui (southern Pixian and northern Suining with its seat at Tushan), Shuyang, Siyang, Suining, Suqian, and Xin'an (parts of Shuyang and Suqian with its seat at Xin'an). On 12 May 1950, Huaibao County

440-521: The Hangou Canal ( t 邗溝 , s 邗沟 , Hángōu ) between Hancheng ( 邗城 , Hánchéng ) on the Yangtze River in present-day Yangzhou and Mokou ( 末口 , Mòkǒu ) on the Huai in order to improve his supply lines during his conflicts with Qi . This early route relied on connecting a series of flood-prone lakes and streams and was gradually improved over time. During

484-889: The Mandarin pronunciation of the Chinese name 淮安 ( Huái'ān ), the name of the River Huai and the Chinese word for "peaceful" or "pacified". The apostrophe is necessary because the second character begins with a vowel and pinyin generally avoids hyphens. The same name was previously romanized as Huai-an in Wade-Giles . For much of the 20th century, Huai'an was officially known as Huaiyin in pinyin, Huai-yin in Wade-Giles, and Hwaiyin in Postal Map , all romanizing

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528-584: The Ming . The site's was entirely submerged—along with the entire city of Sizhou—in 1680. It did not reappear above water until the early 1960s. The original Qing Yan Garden was first built during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor of the Qing . The area was occupied by the Japanese army during World War II and administered as part of Wang Jingwei 's puppet regime . During the closing phases of

572-469: The Si River and begin flowing into the lower reaches of the Huai. The massive amounts of silt greatly expanded the farmland to the east of Huai'an but also greatly expanded Hongze Lake and caused repeated and disastrous floods despite centuries of attempts at river management by Pan Jixun and similar viceroys , often based within modern Huai'an. The Ming Dynasty Ancestral Tomb ( 明祖陵 , Míngzǔlíng )

616-658: The State Council approved the merger of these two districts as Qingjiangpu and this was enacted on October 8 the same year. The district of Qingjiangpu is located in the main urban areas of Huai'an. It is bordered to the east by Huai'an District , to the west and north by the district of Huaiyin , to the south by Hongze District . The ancient Yellow River, Li Canal , Grand Canal and Huai River run through it. The roads, railways and waterways extend in all directions, G2 Beijing–Shanghai Expressway , Nanjing-Huai'an Expressway and Nanjing-Lianyungang Expressway converge here,

660-655: The Sui , it became the central course of the Grand Canal . The situation was greatly complicated by the Yellow River 's shift south of the Shandong Peninsula during the Song , capturing the lower Si and filling the Huai's lower courses and surrounding lakes with sediment. In 1415, the existing Li Canal ( 里 运河 , Lǐ yùnhé ) was expanded with the Qingjiangpu, a 32-kilometre-long waterway (20 mi) connecting

704-459: The Xinyi–Changxing railway runs through the whole territory. The district is near Huai'an Airport , it is an important regional transportation hub in northern Jiangsu. According to preliminary accounting of the statistical authority, the gross domestic product in 2016 was 40,030 million yuan (6,027 million US dollars), up by 8.8 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the value added of

748-581: The Yellow River , which shifted south into the former course of the Si during the Song . Qingjiangpu District lies on the Jianghuai Plain created from silt deposited by the Huai River . The area was originally held by people considered to be Dongyi ("Eastern Barbarians ") by the early Chinese . In 486   BC , during the Zhou 's Spring and Autumn period , the hegemon Fuchai of Wu constructed

792-618: The flood control efforts of Yu the Great to the Huai. Under the Zhou , the area became an important agricultural center contested by the petty kingdoms of the Spring and Autumn period . In 486   BC, the hegemon Fuchai of Wu completed the Han or Hangou Canal ( t 邗溝 , s 邗沟 , Hángōu ), connecting his center of power at Suzhou near the Yangtze Delta with

836-533: The Chinese name written 淮陰 in traditional characters and 淮阴 in simplified ones , meaning "area on the yin , shady, or south bank of the Huai". Huai'an lies on the Huai River in the alluvial Jianghuai Plain . The area is very flat with only a few notable hills in Xuyi County . The highest altitude in the municipality is 200 meters (660 ft). The area is notable for its large number of lakes, rivers, and canals. The Grand Canal connects with

880-520: The Huai River (listed from upstream to downstream) are as follows: Huai%27an Huai'an , formerly Huaiyin , is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu Province in Eastern China . As of 2020 , the built-up area (metro) of its 3 central urban districts had 2,544,767 inhabitants and the prefecture-level city as a whole had 4,556,230 inhabitants, down from 4.8 million in 2010 . Long an important regional center, Huai'an lies on and

924-790: The Huai River at Huai'an to ease his supply lines in conflicts against Qi . Increasing in commercial and strategic importance, the town also became a waypoint on the Qian and Shan Roads. During the Warring States period , the area was held in turn by Wu, Yue , and Chu before being conquered by Shi Huangdi of Qin . Under the Qin , the area of present-day Huai'an was administered as the counties or districts of Huaiyin (with its seat at present-day Matou in Huaiyin ), Xuyi, and Dongyang (with its seat at present-day Maba in Xuyi ). Its people joined

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968-505: The Huai in the city. Hongze Lake , the fourth-largest freshwater lake in China , is southwest of the urban districts. Towards the south, there are also several smaller lakes. Huai'an is situated almost directly south of Lianyungang , southeast of Suqian , northwest of Yancheng , and north of Yangzhou and Nanjing in Jiangsu and northeast of Chuzhou in Anhui . The climate in Huai'an

1012-538: The Qinghe Docks ( t 清河 碼頭 , s 清河 码头 , Qīnghé mǎtóu ) across Shanyang County ( t 山陽 縣 , s 山阳 县 , Shānyáng xiàn ) with Shanyang City ( t 山陽 城 , s 山阳 城 , Shānyáng chéng ) in present-day Huai'an District . At the time of the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Qingjiang was the most urbanized part of present-day Huai'an . It

1056-712: The Sanhe River by way of the Gaoyou Lake and Shaobo Lake , emptying into the Yangtze River at Sanjiangying (三江营) near Yangzhou . There is also a passage called the Huaihe Sea Entryway and Subei Irrigation Canal that passes Huai'an and empties into the sea at Biandan Port. A separate course runs north by way of the Huaimu River and Huai Shu River and connects the Huai River system with

1100-646: The Xian'an Administrative Office, which shortly became the separate Guannan County. In 1958, Qingjiang absorbed the surrounding more rural Huaiyin County but was renamed Huaiyin City. In 1964, Huaiyin County was again separated but kept its seat in the urban area, which again became Qingjiang. In 1966, Xuyi County was transferred to Luhe District. In 1970, Huaiyin District became the Huaiyin Region. The next year, Xuyi

1144-724: The Xinyi River (part of the Yishusi River system) which exits into the sea at Guanyun in Lianyungang . In part to circumvent flooding, in Jiangsu province the Huai River system is interconnected with different waterways and thereby forms part of the Grand Canal . Historically, the Huai River entered the Yellow Sea at Yunti Pass (modern day Yunti Village, in Huangwei Town of Xiangshui County ) through

1188-530: The area suffering droughts in between floods. In the 450 years to 1950, the Huai River saw, on average, 94 major floods per century. Attempts to solve the Huai River's problems have focused on building outlets for the Huai River into the Yangtze River and the sea. Currently, the major part of the river's flow enters the Yangtze River via Lake Hongze. The North Jiangsu Main Irrigation Canal also diverts some of its water along its old historical course to

1232-406: The city's administration while the last—Guanyun County—was placed under Lianyungang. In December 1987, Huai'an and Suqian Counties were promoted to county-level cities. In 1996, the county-level city of Suqian was promoted to prefecture-level, taking Sihong, Siyang, and Shuyang Counties along with it. Guannan County was separately placed under the administration of Lianyungang. On 21 December 2000,

1276-585: The cradle of early Chinese civilization on the Wei and Yellow Rivers . Modern Chinese archaeology has found remains from Neolithic civilizations in the area as far back as the 4th millennium   BC. The most famous of these is the Qinglianggang culture ( 青莲岗文化 ). Traditional Chinese historiography considered the area part of the Dongyi or "Eastern Barbarians ", but Chinese myth sometimes extended

1320-532: The first 30- li section of the Gaojia Dike ( 高家堰 , Gāojiāyàn ) to minimize damage from flooding along the Huai. He also expanded the Hangou Canal westward and combined the small Fuling lakes into a single Pofu Pond to assist with irrigation . Under the Sui , the Hangou Canal was expanded north and south to establish the Grand Canal , increasing traffic and trade through the city. Emperor Yang

1364-539: The geographical dividing line between northern and southern China . This line approximates the 0 °C (32 °F) January isotherm and the 800 millimeters (30 in) isohyet in China. The Huai River originates in Tongbai Mountain in Henan province . It flows through southern Henan, northern Anhui , and northern Jiangsu where it pools into Lake Hongze . Nowadays the Huai River then runs southwards as

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1408-576: The geography of the Huai River basin was changed significantly by the creation of new high lands, lakes, and the built-up silt of the Yellow River's historical southern course. As a result, water from the midsection of the river could not easily flow into the lower section, while water in the lower section could not find an outlet to the sea. The problem worsened in the Second World War , when the Nationalist government, in an attempt to check

1452-440: The pace of the Japanese invasion, flooded the lower Huai basin by opening the Yellow River's southern levee. The main stem of the Yellow River flowed through the levee breach for the next nine years, further disrupting the Huai river system. The result of these changes was that water from the Huai River pooled up into Lake Hongze , and then ran southwards towards the Yangtze River. Major and minor floods occurred frequently, with

1496-412: The prefecture-level city of Huaiyin was renamed Huai'an. The Huaiyin County and the county-level Huai'an City became Huaiyin and Huai'an Districts and the various districts' and counties' borders slightly adjusted in different ways. In October 2016, Qinghe and Qingpu reunited to form the city's current Qingjiangpu District . The people of Huai'an are generally ethnically Han Chinese . The local culture

1540-493: The primary industry was 1,025 million yuan (154 million US dollars), up by 1.8 percent, that of the secondary industry was 9,427 million yuan (1,419 million US dollars), up by 10.3 percent and that of the tertiary industry was 29,578 million yuan (4,453 million US dollars), up by 8.6 percent. The value added of the primary industry accounted for 2.6 percent of the GDP; that of the secondary industry accounted for 23.5 percent; and that of

1584-614: The rebels who overthrew the Qin , prominently including Han Xin . Under the Han , the counties of Huaipu (with its seat in western Lianshui ), Sheyang (with its seat in southeastern Huai'an ), and Fulin (with its seat now under the waters of Hongze Lake ) were added. In Jian'an 5 ( c.  200 ), near the beginning of the Three Kingdoms period , the Guangling commander Chen Deng —then subordinate to Lü Bu —constructed

1628-604: The same year, Pisui, Suining, and Xinyi Counties were placed under the administration of Xuzhou District . Qingjiang was separately elevated to a prefecture-level city despite still being subordinate to Huaiyin District. Shortly thereafter, the district added Huai'an County from Yancheng, Sihong County from Suxian, and Xuyi County from Chuxian District in Anhui. In 1956, Hongze County was established from parts of Huaiyin, Sihong, and Xuyi Counties, with its seat at Gaoliangjian. In 1957, parts of Guanyun and Lianshui Counties were organized as

1672-416: The sea, and is planned to be upgraded with a new parallel channel. Several former tributaries also carry some water to the sea. There are many tributaries of the Huai River. There are 15 main tributaries cover an area of more than 2,000 square kilometers (770 sq mi) each, and 21 main tributaries have a catchment area larger than 1,000 square kilometers (390 sq mi). The main tributaries on

1716-521: The tertiary industry accounted for 73.9 percent. The per capita GDP in 2016 was 112,624 yuan (16,956 US dollars). Huai River The Huai River , formerly romanized as the Hwai , is a major river in East China , about 1,110 km (690 mi) long with a drainage area of 174,000 km (67,000 sq mi). It is located about midway between the Yellow River and Yangtze River ,

1760-530: The two longest rivers and largest drainage basins in China. Historically draining eastwards directly into the Yellow Sea , erosion from floods have changed the course of the river such that it now primarily discharges into the Yangtze. The Huai River is, to this day, notoriously vulnerable to flooding. The Qinling–Huaihe Line , formed by the Huai River and the Qin Mountains , is sometimes regarded as

1804-545: Was also responsible for changing Pofu's name to the present-day Hongze Lake out of his delight at rainfall there, encountered after an inspection tour through drought-afflicted areas. During the Song , Kaifeng 's governor Du Chong ( 杜 充 , Dù Chōng , d.   1141) breached the levees holding back the Yellow River in 1128 as part of the ongoing wars with the Jurchen Jin further north. A series of massive floods, manmade and natural, then caused it to capture

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1848-607: Was divided between Huaiyin County, Huai'an County in Yancheng District, and Baoyin County in Yangzhou District. On December 18 of the same year, the urban area of Huaiyin was separately organized as Qingjiang City, which became the seat for the district. Huaiyin District joined Jiangsu upon its reestablishment in January 1953. Xin'an County was renamed Xinyi and the seat of Pisui County was moved to Yunhe. Later

1892-701: Was separated from Huaiyin County and elevated to the status of a county-level city in January 1951. It was merged back into Huaiyin County in August 1958 and then separated again in October 1964. As part of the elevation of Huaiyin Prefecture to a prefecture-level city in March 1983, Qingjiang City was divided into the separate districts of Qinghe and Qingpu with their border set at the Li Canal. On 8 June 2016,

1936-490: Was transferred back from the Luhe Region. Luhe also yielded Jinhu County. In 1975, Huaiyin County's administration moved from Qingjiang to Wangyin. In 1983, the Huaiyin Region became the directly administered Huaiyin City, with its urban core losing the separate name Qingjiang and being instead divided into Qinghe and Qingpu Districts . Most of the Huaiyin Region's counties—Guannan, Huai'an, Huaiyin, Hongze, Jinhu, Lianshui, Shuyang, Sihong, Siyang, Suqian, Xuyi—were placed under

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