The Quadra Club was a gentlemen's club in Vancouver , British Columbia that existed from 1922 to 1940. Named after Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra , the club was an important social institution in Vancouver during the 1920s and 1930s and counted many of the city's élite among its members. For its first several years, the club occupied the former clubhouse of the Vancouver Club . In 1930 it opened a new clubhouse on Hastings Street where it remained for the duration of its existence. During the Great Depression , the club struggled financially and eventually ceased operations in 1940.
66-470: In 1941 the Quadra reopened at a new location on Seymour Street in the form of a private tavern rather than a traditional gentlemen's club. During the 1950s the club began featuring music, and in 1965 became a public cabaret. The club moved in 1973 to Homer Street, its third and final location. The Quadra name died in 1984 when new owners bought the business and renamed the club. The Homer Street location remained
132-508: A non-Spaniard he was subject to the class prejudice common to Spain and the colonial Americas during that time. So he was passed over for promotions. The Spaniards were given orders to explore the coast and to go ashore so that the newly discovered territories would be recognized as Spanish lands. Most important for the expedition was the identification of colonial Russian settlements. The ships left San Blas , New Spain, on 16 March 1775. Illnesses ( scurvy ), storms, poor sailing capacities of
198-684: A British ship masquerading as Portuguese), the American ships Columbia , under Robert Gray , and Hope , under Joseph Ingraham , Vancouver's ships HMS Discovery and Chatham , and a number of others. The journals of many people who visited Nootka Sound during the summer of 1792 record amazement at the grandeur of Bodega's dinners, especially at such a remote part of the world, at which over fifty people would be served many courses on Bodega's personal collection of about 300 pieces of silver dinner ware. Bodega also provided ship repair services to any vessel needing them. A number of ships, including
264-505: A backing musician in studio and live performance, Thompson has appeared on more than 200 records, including releases by George Shearing , Buddy Tate , Jay McShann , Junior Mance , John Handy , Ed Bickert , John Abercrombie , Moe Koffman , Anne Murray , Mel Tormé , Ruby Braff , Lenny Breau , and others. Thompson was born 18 January 1940 Powell River , British Columbia, Canada. He lived in Vancouver from 1960 to 1965, working as
330-493: A freelance musician primarily on bass. He has appeared with jazz troupes led by Vancouver musicians such as Dave Robbins , Chris Gage and Fraser MacPherson , as well as leading his own musical groups. In addition to appearing regularly on CBC radio, he was also on television as a featured artist. From 1965 to 1966, Thompson worked with saxophonist John Handy , who was based in San Francisco, and he appeared with Handy at
396-480: A litany and prayers. After a sermon was preached a formal deed of possession was drawn up and signed by the officers and chaplains. The title to Puerto de Santiago was important for years afterward, as it formed the basis of Spain's claim to sovereignty in the North Pacific up to 61°17′N. In 1780 Bodega y Quadra was promoted to capitán de fragata ( Frigate Captain ), in recognition of his achievements during
462-688: A music venue under several different names until it closed in 2002 and was demolished the following year. The Quadra Club was formed as the Union Club of Vancouver. The club was incorporated on 23 December 1922 under the Societies Act under certificate number 1117. The club was formed through the merger of the Western Club and a faction of members from the University Club of Vancouver. The Western Club had been founded in 1901, while
528-425: A new expedition be immediately organized for the purpose of reoccupying, permanently, Nootka Sound. The reoccupation expedition was organized very quickly. The three ships, Concepción , San Carlos , and Princesa Real sailed from San Blas and arrived at Nootka Sound in early April 1790. Francisco de Eliza was appointed commandant. Quimper, Fidalgo, and other officers were part of the expedition. The First Company of
594-530: A performer, recording artist, producer, session musician, and music educator has lasted for more than 50 years. One of Thompson's best-known musical associations was his membership in Paul Desmond's "Toronto Quartet" from 1974 to 1976, along with Ed Bickert and Jerry Fuller. Thompson also worked for several years in the 1970s and 1980s with guitarist Jim Hall . Thompson was also a member of Rob McConnell's Boss Brass for more than two decades starting in
660-408: A possession ceremony, which was observed by some Quinaults. Later that morning, Bodega y Quadra decided to send six sailors ashore to collect water and wood. A large number of Quinaults appeared, attacked, and killed the shore party. Bodega y Quadra was unable to help as the party had taken the schooner's only boat. At noon he weighed anchor, hoping to escape the shoals at high tide. Progress was slow as
726-501: A recording engineer for several of the Bourbon Street performances, including the 1975 Paul Desmond performances that resulted in the albums Live and Paul Desmond , plus a box set released in 2020. Thompson's 1975 recordings of Jim Hall's trio (featuring himself and Terry Clarke) at Bourbon Street resulted in the album Jim Hall Live! and a later box set of the same performances. Likewise, Rosolino's "Thinking About You" album
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#1732798014900792-666: A tavern rather than a traditional gentlemen's club. When British Columbia repealed in 1921 the British Columbia Prohibition Act , which had been in force since 1917, it replaced prohibition with the Government Liquor Act . The new laws, which were upheld by the Liquor Control Board, barred the public sale of alcohol. However, at the time the laws were made, the province's private clubs had lobbied to be allowed to sell liquor on
858-494: Is home to the restaurant Nightingale. The next news of the Quadra Club came 24 March 1941, when it was announced that the Quadra Club was applying for a liquor license at 732 Seymour Street. By the summer the club was advertising jobs, and seems to have opened by the fall at 724 Seymour. It is unclear who was responsible for the club's revival. The newly-opened Quadra remained a private club, however, it had become, in essence,
924-518: Is uncertain if the buyer obtained title or if the club freed itself from arrears within the one-year redemption period. Whether or not the club was still open at this time is also unclear. In any case, in February 1940, the Quadra Club vacated its clubhouse, which was taken over by the Loyal Order of Moose No. 888. On 27 January 1940, a notice was given that "unless cause is shown to the contrary,"
990-653: The Chatham , were careened and repaired by Spanish workers. In August 1792, Bodega welcomed English Captain George Vancouver . The two commanders swiftly established friendly relations, including joint explorations and the sharing of supplies and information. Vancouver provided the services of his surgeon, Archibald Menzies , to help Quadra with increasingly serious headaches. During their meetings Bodega y Quadra asked Vancouver to name "some port or Island after us both" (however, Bodega wrote in his journal that it
1056-577: The Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia , under Pedro de Alberni , sailed with Eliza to garrison the Nootka establishment. The expedition had to be well supplied, not only with cannons and munitions but also with warm clothes, new equipment for the soldiers under Alberni, materials for constructing buildings and Fort San Miguel , thousands of sheets of copper for trading or giving to the indigenous peoples, and numerous other goods. That Bodega y Quadra
1122-554: The Santiago at San Blas on 20 June 1783. Shortly after Bodega's return to San Blas he received orders to go to Havana , Cuba . There, in 1784, he requested and received permission to travel to Spain, which he did in 1785. He spent four mostly discouraging and frustrating years in Spain. However, there were at least two positive events. First, the king approved Bodega's promotion to capitán de navío (Ship Captain) on 15 November 1786,
1188-552: The Santiago to not follow. The wind direction and changing tide trapped the Sonora between Sonora Reef and Point Grenville. The Santiago anchored a few miles to the south, in Grenville Bay. The Sonora attracted the attention of a nearby Quinault village. Many Quinault visited the schooner, trading with the crew and giving gifts of food. Early the next day an armed party from the Santiago went ashore and quickly conducted
1254-408: The Sonora , and other incidents slowed their progress. On 13 July 1775, they reached the vicinity of Point Grenville and Destruction Island in the present day U.S. state of Washington . While searching for a safe place for the ships to anchor, which was one of the duties of the Sonora , Bodega y Quadra sailed over what is now called Sonora Reef . He immediately realized his mistake and signaled
1320-559: The 1779 voyage. In 1780 Bodega was ordered to sail to the Viceroyalty of Peru in order to acquire quicksilver ( mercury ), which was required by the Mexican silver mining industry. The supply of quicksilver had fallen sharply because the ships that would normally have delivered it had been diverted elsewhere due to the war with Britain. After many delays, Bodega sailed the old frigate Santiago from San Blas on 5 June 1781. The voyage
1386-648: The 1965 Monterey Jazz Festival , a performance which was recorded and released on Columbia Records . He returned to Canada in 1967 and has been a resident of Toronto since 1969. In that year he joined Rob McConnell 's Boss Brass as a percussionist, switching to bass in 1971 and later to piano (1987–1993). He was also a member of Moe Koffman's group from 1970 to 1979 as pianist or bassist, contributing arrangements and compositions and working as co-producer with Koffman on two albums, Museum Pieces and Looking Up . He also worked extensively with guitarists Ed Bickert , Lenny Breau and Sonny Greenwich (whom he'd played with in
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#17327980149001452-709: The John Handy Quintet in the mid-60's) while keeping busy with his own various projects. Thompson was, along with Ed Bickert and drummers Terry Clarke and Jerry Fuller, a member of the "house rhythm section" at Toronto's Bourbon Street Jazz Club. There he worked with Paul Desmond , Jim Hall , Milt Jackson , Art Farmer , James Moody , Zoot Sims , Clark Terry , Harry Edison , Frank Rosolino , Slide Hampton , Lee Konitz and Abbey Lincoln . Thompson appeared at other venues with Sarah Vaughan , Red Rodney , Joe Henderson , Dewey Redman , Red Mitchell , Sheila Jordan and Kenny Wheeler . Thompson also served as
1518-482: The Quadra Club would be dissolved two months hence. The Moose remained in the building until 1950, when it was taken over as the headquarters of Vancouver's Royal Canadian Air Force Reserves. In 1957 the reconstituted University Club of Vancouver purchased the building. During the construction of their new quarters in the 1990s, the Terminal City Club occupied it. At present, the former Quadra Club building
1584-435: The Quadra for $ 3,000. Town began bought a piano for the club and began featuring music. During the 1950s, many of Canada's jazz greats performed at the club. Chris Gage was engaged at the club from 1955-57 in a trio with Stan Johnson and Jimmy Wightman. In the fall of 1964 Gage returned in a trio with Don Thompson and Terry Clarke . The night of his death, Gage had missed his gig at the Quadra. After liquor laws liberalised and
1650-487: The Quadra hosted its first ball. The Quadra ball, which always took place in early February, became a mainstay of the Vancouver social calendar through the 1920s and 1930s. In June 1927, the club released a proposal to build a new clubhouse. The club had secured an option on a 66' (one chain ) wide and 140' deep lot on West Hastings Street (at the time Seaton Street) beside the Marine Building . The lot belonged to
1716-513: The Terminal City Club which had purchased it with the aim of building a new clubhouse, but later made the decision to remain in its current quarters in the Metropolitan Building. To building the clubhouse, the Quadra would form a holding company to finance and building the clubhouse. The estimated total cost for the project was $ 155,000 (roughly $ 2.7 million in 2023); the club would secure a $ 75,000 mortgage at 7 per cent interest, and
1782-580: The United States and Canada until the early 1980s. In 1982 he joined pianist George Shearing and stayed for a five-year period during which he appeared at many major jazz clubs and festivals in the United States, Great Britain, and Brazil. In 1996 he was artist in residence at the Royal Academy of Music, London, England, and performed in a concert of all-Canadian music with fellow Canadians Kenny Wheeler and Hugh Fraser . He taught regularly at
1848-578: The University Club had been founded in 1911. The two clubs had been sharing the same building at Dunsmuir and Hornby since 1917, and the merger was a way to resolve the difficulties of sharing the same space. Shortly thereafter, on 7 March 1923, the Union Club changed its name to the Quadra Club. The new name referred to the Spanish naval officer Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra . In 1792, Quadra had met with George Vancouver at Nootka Sound and established cordial relations. The name Quadra thus referred to
1914-419: The adventurer John Meares , or the entire West Coast, or something in between. It is scarcely contested that Meares had exaggerated the extent of his discoveries. However, Bodega y Quadra was handicapped by uncertainties as to how far his superiors' wished to maintain Spanish sovereignty in a part of the world that had limited strategic value. He improvised and by chance pressed for exactly the condition that both
1980-467: The age of 50. The internist Dr. John Naish has conjectured that Bodega y Quadra's death was the result of either a brain tumor or the severest form of hypertension . Given the lack of details and the imprecision contemporary diagnosis and description, Viceroy Revillagigedo's official statement that Bodega died "of natural causes" is indisputable. His body was interred at the Convent of San Fernando, of
2046-478: The club was purchased by Suzan Krieger and Heather Farquahar, who ran it for the next four years as a lesbian bar. During this time it was known as Lulu's, though it is unclear whether this was the legal name or merely a nickname for what was still the Quadra. In May 1984, the venue was purchased by a group who reopened it under the name Club Soda. The new ownership group consisted of Bruce Allen , Lou Blair, Roger Gibson, Sam Feldman, Sandy McRae, and Bill Race. In 1992,
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2112-556: The club was renamed the Big Easy and redecorated in a New Orleans theme. In late 1993 it was purchased by Nick Smith and it became the Starfish Room. Smith's daughter, Charlotte, ran the club along with Keith Buckingham and Peter McCullough. The Starfish Room closed in 2002 and the building was demolished in 2003. Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra (22 May 1743 – 26 March 1794)
2178-484: The club's Spanish namesake. In the basement was the billiards room and lounge; at the back of the first floor was the reading room; the second floor held the dining rooms and kitchen; and the third and fourth floors held 10 bedrooms each. The new clubhouse opened on Saturday, 11 January 1930. An announcement said, "the reception will be of an informal nature and will take place chiefly in the main dining-room, where tea will be served from large tables, beautifully arranged with
2244-603: The coast for Spain. This expedition made it clear to the Spanish that the Russian colonization did not have a large presence in the Pacific Northwest. Bodega y Quadra was able to draw for the first time a reasonably accurate map of the west coast of North America. On February 11, 1779, the corvettes Princesa and Favorita , under the command of Lieutenant Ignacio de Arteaga and his second in command, Lieutenant Bodega y Quadra, left San Blas again. Their mission
2310-404: The deepest regret for the loss of a character so amiable, and so truly ornamental to civil society." Places named after him: Places he named: Other: Spanish name variations used in the literature: Don Thompson (musician) Donald Winston Thompson , OC (born 18 January 1940) is a Canadian jazz musician who plays double bass, piano, and vibes . Thompson's career as
2376-475: The degree of admiration and respect with which the conduct of Sen'r Quadra toward our little community had impressed us during his life, I cannot refrain, now that he is no more, from rendering that justice to his memory to which it is so amply intitled, by stating, that the unexpected melancholey event of his decease operated on the minds of us all, in a way more easily to be imagined than described: and whilst it excited our most grateful acknowledgements, it produced
2442-567: The highest naval rank below flag officer ranks. Second, he was knighted by the King of Spain as a full-fledged knight of the Order of Santiago —the most prestigious of Spain's four orders of chivalry. It was very difficult to earn a commission in the Order of Santiago. Bodega had begun the process in 1775. He was finally knighted by the king on 8 April 1788. At the end of his stay in Spain, Bodega
2508-666: The immediate aftermath of the Nootka Crisis . They had two pressing issues to deal with right away. First they had to arrange for the release of the British ships, officers, and sailors taken prisoner by Martínez in 1789. Second, they had to respond to the Royal Order of April 14, 1789, which required that the Spanish establishment at Nootka Sound be maintained. At first neither Revillagigedo nor Bodega knew that Martínez had abandoned Nootka Sound. The Royal Order thus meant that
2574-741: The king and viceroy later communicated to him. Vancouver was likewise handicapped by a lack of instructions. He stuck by a strictly literal interpretation of Article I of the Nootka Convention . Having reached an impasse, the two agreed to refer the points at issue back to their respective governments in Madrid and London ; Quadra arranged passage for Vancouver's envoy, William Robert Broughton , through Mexico. Viceroy Revillagigedo chastised Bodega for allowing Broughton passage through New Spain. Eventually, Spain and Great Britain signed an agreement on January 11, 1794, in which they agreed to abandon
2640-545: The late 1960s. From 2005 to the present, Thompson arranged and performed on all of singer Diana Panton's albums. Thompson first met Panton in the 1990s when he heard her sing as a high-school student, and he encouraged Panton to study at the Banff Centre , where he was one of her faculty instructors. Thompson has been a fixture on the Toronto jazz scene since the late 1960s when he moved there from British Columbia. As
2706-523: The order of San Francisco in Mexico City. When George Vancouver, at Nootka Sound again in September 1794, learned of Bodega's death, he wrote in his journal (grammar and misspellings from the original): "The death of our highly valuable and much esteemed friend Senr Quadra, who in the month of March had died at St. Blas, universally lamaneted. Having endeavoured, on a former occasion, to point out
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2772-430: The place of our meeting, I have therefore named this land... The Island of Quadra and Vancouver ." It was thus entered upon the explorer's charts, but this name was later shortened to Vancouver Island . However, the two commanders were unable to reconcile the conflicts in the instructions from their respective governments. At issue was whether the Spanish were to hand over only the small plot of land actually built upon by
2838-497: The premises. Accordingly, a bar could exploit this loophole by classifying itself as a "private club" and charging a nominal membership fee to anyone who wished to drink. Thus, the Quadra Club morphed into a drinking establishment. In the mid-1950s, Gordon Hazelwood Town (1906–1986) bought the club and became its president. In 1956, Town found himself in the middle of the "Mulligan affair," when he testified that one of police chief Walter Mulligan's associates had attempted to extort him at
2904-491: The public sale of alcohol became legal, on 15 February 1965 the Quadra became a public cabaret. In 1969, the British Columbia Telephone Company purchased the property at 724 Seymour to expand its exchange building next door. Thus, the Quadra was forced to find a new location. On 24 May 1973, the Quadra opened its new building on Homer Street. A year later, Town retired. In March 1978, the club
2970-401: The quicksilver he could spare to Acapulco on the merchant ship San Pablo . Wishing not to return without any cargo, Bodega arranged to carry military supplies. The Santiago was careened and many rotten planks were replaced. Bodega sailed from Callao at the end of March 1783, carrying the cargo of military supplies and a number of passengers. The voyage north went smoothly, and Bodega anchored
3036-588: The region (the third Nootka Convention ). After suffering from chronic headaches for several years, in April 1793 Bodega y Quadra requested a leave from his duties to restore his health. It was granted and he left San Blas for Guadalajara and Mexico City . He suffered a strong fluxo de sangre (blood loss or haemorrhage) in Guadalajara. He had a seizure in Mexico City and died there on March 26, 1794, at
3102-616: The remaining $ 80,000 would be raised via shares and debentures of the holding company. The holding company, the Quadra Holding Company, Limited, received its certificate of incorporation on 28 July 1928. The club received its building permit in May 1929. Architects for the new building were Sharp and Thompson . Their design was for a four-story building in the Spanish Colonial Revival style, which reflected
3168-423: The schooner Sonora (alias Felicidad , also known as Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe ), commanded by his second in command, Lieutenant Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra. Bodega y Quadra was given the lesser position of second officer on the Sonora despite the fact that he outranked the others. Bodega y Quadra had all the training and qualifications necessary to be considered for a senior officer position, but as
3234-400: The season's flowers." On Valentine's Day 1930, the annual ball took place for the first time in the new clubhouse. The Province wrote, "the Quadra ball is every one of the most important functions of the early New Year, but this season there will be an added lustre to its usual brilliance, for it is taking place in spacious new quarters, and guests will have the added attraction of inspecting
3300-719: The spirit of friendship. At the time the club formed in late 1922, it arranged to lease the former clubhouse of the Vancouver Club . After the Vancouver Club had moved to its new clubhouse in 1914, the old building was rented first to the Seaforth Highlanders, and later to the Great War Veterans' Association. The Quadra took possession in early 1923; its lease was for three years with an option to extend it for another two. On 1 February 1924,
3366-549: The various rooms thrown open for their convenience." The details are unclear, however, the Quadra Club apparently ran into financial difficulties during the Great Depression. In 1937 the club failed in some fashion, however, an article in December of that year stated that the club had been "newly reorganised." In November 1939, the clubhouse was sold at a tax auction for $ 10,000, despite an assessed value of $ 98,960. It
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#17327980149003432-532: The wind was low and the crew significantly reduced. Nine large canoes carrying about 30 Quinaults carrying bows and shields followed and came alongside the Sonora . They made signs of friendship which Bodega y Quadra rejected. The Quinaults in one of the canoes approached in an attempt to board the Sonora , but once the canoe was in range of the schooner's two swivel guns and three muskets it was fired upon, killing "the greater number of them", according to Bodega's journal. Bodega wanted to avenge his lost sailors, but,
3498-433: Was Vancouver who made the suggestion). Since Vancouver had determined that the land upon which Nootka stood was a great island, he proposed that they name it Quadra's and Vancouver's Island : "would name some port or island after us both in commemoration of our meeting and friendly intercourse that on that occasion had taken place (Vancouver had previously feted Quadra on his ship);....and conceiving no place more eligible than
3564-803: Was a Spanish Criollo naval officer operating in the Americas. Assigned to the Pacific coast Spanish Naval Department base at San Blas , in Viceroyalty of New Spain (present-day Mexico), he explored the Northwest Coast of North America as far north as present day Alaska. Bodega Bay in California is named for him. Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra joined the Spanish Naval Academy in Cádiz at 19, and four years later, in 1767
3630-582: Was a symbolically powerful act. Shaken by this disaster, and with most of his crew suffering from scurvy, Hezeta decided to return to New Spain, but Bodega y Quadra refused to follow him without having completed the essential mission, which was to locate the Russians. He continued northward on the Sonora and got as far as what is now close to Sitka, Alaska , reaching 59° north latitude on August 15, 1775. Failing to find any Russians, he returned southward. When returning he made sure that he landed once to claim
3696-498: Was able to organize the complicated logistical issues, especially given San Blas's chronically undersupplied and underfunded status, such that the ships sailed within months of Bodega's arrival, was a remarkable achievement. Quadra was called as an expert witness in the aftermath of the Nootka Crisis at Nootka Sound . In 1789, as the Commandant based at San Blas , he sent out several new expeditions of exploration. In 1791 he
3762-639: Was also taken from performances Thompson recorded live at Bourbon Street, where he, Bickert and drummer Terry Clarke were backing the trombonist. Recordings Thompson made of the Thompson/Bickert/Clarke rhythm section at George's Spaghetti House , another Toronto club, resulted in Ed Bickert , the guitarist's 1976 debut album. Thompson became a member of guitarist Jim Hall's trio in 1974, and performed and recorded with Hall in Europe, Japan,
3828-570: Was appointed Spanish commissioner to negotiate and administer the implementation of the Nootka Conventions at Nootka Sound. As commandant of the Spanish establishment at Nootka, Bodega made a point of hosting and entertaining every visitor, indigenous and European. He held feasts for the officers of every ship that arrived at Nootka Sound, including the French fur-trading ship La Flavie , the "Portuguese" ship Feliz Aventureira (actually
3894-562: Was appointed commandant of the Naval Department of San Blas. Instructed to select six junior officers to serve under him at San Blas, Bodega y Quadra chose Manuel Quimper , Ramón Saavedra Guiráldez y Ordóñez, Francisco de Eliza , Salvador Fidalgo , Jacinto Caamaño , and Salvador Menéndez Valdés. Bodega and these six officers sailed to America on the same ship that was carrying the new Viceroy of New Spain , Conde de Revillagigedo . The viceroy and Bodega arrived to find themselves in
3960-507: Was commissioned as an officer of the rank Frigate Ensign ( alférez de fragata ). In 1773 he was promoted to Ship Ensign ( alférez de navío ), and in 1774 to Ship Lieutenant ( teniente de navío ). Bodega y Quadra was born in Lima, Peru, to Tomás de la Bodega y de las Llanas of Biscay , Spain and Francisca de Mollinedo y Losada of Lima, Peru (her parents were from Bilbao in Spain). His family
4026-527: Was given the name "Puerto de Santiago" on July 23, 1779. The name commemorated Saint James , the patron saint of Spain, whose feast day falls on July 25. While the Spaniards were anchored in Port Etches they performed a formal possession ceremony. All the officers and chaplains went ashore in procession, raised a large cross while cannons and muskets fired salutes. The Te Deum was sung, followed by
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#17327980149004092-583: Was of Basque origin. He studied at the National University of San Marcos in Lima. In 1775 under the command of Lieutenant Bruno de Heceta , the Spanish explored the Pacific Northwest . This followed the first Spanish expedition by Juan Pérez in 1774, who had failed to reach and claim the upper northwest coast for Spain. The expedition consisted of two ships: the Santiago (alias Nueva Galicia ), commanded by Hezeta himself, and
4158-438: Was overruled by Heceta, who pointed out the expedition had orders to use force only in self-defense. Quinault ethnologists have come up with theories about the sudden attack, one being that the land-claiming ceremony was understood for what it was. Of particular note was the placement of a large cross on the beach. The Quinault would have understood that the erecting of a tall pole with a crossbar during an obviously religious ritual
4224-565: Was plagued by difficulties, such as continually contrary winds and bad weather. The Santiago took on so much water it needed to be careened , but there was no opportunity to do so until in Peru. Bodega finally reached Callao , Peru , on 18 July 1782, thirteen months after sailing from San Blas. He soon discovered that there was no surplus quicksilver to be had. The Viceroy of Peru , Agustín de Jáuregui , had heard of Bodega's mission before Bodega arrived and decided to expedite matters by sending all
4290-555: Was purchased by Barry Barenbaum and Doug Anderson. The partners redecorated the club and re-launched it as an upscale supper club with music and dancing. In May 1979, Barenbaum was arrested in California by the FBI. Barenbaum and his girlfriend, Marguerite Louise Baxter, an employee of the Bank of Nova Scotia , siphoned off $ 2.8 million from the bank into an American bank account. He was sentenced that September to three years in prison. In July 1979
4356-548: Was to explore the northwest coast, and not to intervene with the assumed English navigators there. They charted every bay and inlet in search of the Northwest Passage , going north to 58°30′ before turning back from Alaska due to bad weather. They completed the complex process begun earlier of claiming the Pacific Northwest for Spain. The expedition anchored in Port Etches , near Prince William Sound . The harbor
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